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单词 arsenical
释义

arsenicaladj.n.

Brit. /ɑːˈsɛnᵻkl/, U.S. /ɑrˈsɛnəkəl/
Forms: 1500s–1600s arsenicall, 1600s– arsenical.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin arsenicalis.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin arsenicalis (a1541 in Paracelsus) < classical Latin arsenicum arsenic n. + -ālis -al suffix1. Compare Middle French, French arsenical (1579 or earlier).In use as noun after French arsenical (1818 in the passage translated in quot. 1818 at sense B., or earlier).
A. adj.
Of, relating to, of the nature of, or caused by arsenic; poisonous. Also: containing or combined with arsenic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [adjective] > of or relating to or effected by specific poison
arsenical1591
strychnic1840
urali1843
ptomaic1889
toxalbumic1902
rodenticidal1939
paraquat1961
methiocarb1966
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > arsenic > [adjective]
arsenical1591
1591 J. Hester tr. J. Du Chesne Breefe Aunswere Expos. I. Aubertus f. 27 For Mercurie is a flying spirit hauing a certaine arsenicall aire [L. auram..Arsenicalem] verie hurtfull to the bodie.
1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xiii. 60 They..worke venemous and mortal effects, and that by reason of the arsenical mercury.
1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2210 The Nature and Causes of the Plague..deducing the Pestilential venom from the Air infected and corrupted chiefly by Arsenical Exhalations.
1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. i. v. 80 Phosphoric and arsenical acids.
1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 412 The ore known by the name of arsenical cobalt.
1859 W. B. Carpenter Animal Physiol. (rev. ed.) vi. 292 Arsenical poisoning..from the accidental inhalation of a small quantity of arseniuretted hydrogen.
1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting 410 Having no arsenical soap, [I] was unable to preserve the skin.
1881 H. E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer Treat. Chem. I. 541 The..employment of arsenical wall-papers..is much to be deprecated, still more is the employment of the insoluble arsenical green for colouring light cotton fabrics.
1936 A. Lowy & B. Harrow Introd. Org. Chem. (ed. 4) xxxiii. 352 After many trials with many arsenical compounds, Ehrlich was in a position to formulate this general rule.
2013 Master Detective Apr. 34/3 On August 4th, Armstrong, a keen gardener, purchased a quantity of arsenical weedkiller in powdered form.
B. n.
A substance containing arsenic, esp. one used as a drug, pesticide, or wood preservative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > general chemical medicines > [noun]
sulphurc1400
crystals of tartar1605
cremor of tartar1656
cream of tartar1662
polychrest1728
neutral1770
sulphuret1789
arsenical1818
gallo-nitrate1841
glonoin1860
hepar1866
tabloid1884
Nujol1916
pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923
polyvinyl pyrrolidone1945
povidone1955
bromocriptine1974
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > arsenic > [noun] > substance containing
arsenical1818
1818 W. Price tr. M. J. B. Orfila Pop. Treat. Remedies Poisoning & Apparent Death Index Treatment of..poisoning by the..arsenicals [Fr. les arsenicaux].
1864 W. Frazer Treatm. Dis. Skin vii. 29 Some obstinate cases of psoriasis will yield to colchicum and potash, in which arsenicals had previously failed.
1921 Potato Mag. July 18/3 In comparing these arsenicals it is found that paris green kills most quickly. On the other hand it is usually the most expensive and does not adhere well to the foliage.
1949 H. W. Florey et al. Antibiotics II. xxxvi. 1199 It seems clear that doses of arsenicals and penicillin..were effective in experimental animals when combined.
1955 Sci. News Let. 16 July 40/2 Many of the itch remedies used today..such as..arsenicals, may depend for their results on a partial blocking of the..itch enzymes.
2011 M. G. Papich Saunders Handbk. Vet. Drugs (ed. 3) 467 Arsenicals alter glucose uptake and metabolism to eliminate heartworms.

Compounds

arsenical pyrites n. Mineralogy either of two arsenic-containing minerals: (a) = arsenopyrite n. at arseno- comb. form 2; (b) = löllingite n. [In sense (a) probably after post-classical Latin arsenicalis pyrites (1739 or earlier; also pyrites arsenicalis (1745 or earlier))] .
ΚΠ
1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals ii. 222 The white arsenical Pyrites [L. Arsenicales Pyritae], turn also a great Quantity of Lead into Glass.
1820 R. Jameson Syst. Mineral. (ed. 3) III. 398 It is usually accompanied with argentiferous arsenical-pyrites.
1875 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (new ed.) 76 Löllingite. Prismatic Arsenical Pyrites.
1884 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 46 404 No explanation can be given of the variable percentage of sulphur in arsenical pyrites.
1905 57th Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. 1903 1 182 Arsenical pyrites. Two compounds of arsenic and iron are here included: a sulpharsenid of iron known as arsenopyrite or mispickel and a diarsenid of iron..known as löllingite or leucopyrite.
1968 Materials & Technol. I. 393 The most important minerals are arsenopyrites.., arsenical pyrites or löllingite (iron arsenide, containing 73% arsenic), [etc.].
2002 C. Reilly Metal Contamination Food x. 200 The cause of the outbreak was the use of arsenical pyrites to make the sulphuric acid that was used in the beer fermentation.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.1591
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