arsenaln.

Brit.

/ˈɑːsn̩(ə)l/,

/ˈɑːsən(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈɑrs(ə)nəl/

Forms: 1500s archinale, 1500s archynale, 1500s–1600s arsenale, 1500s–1600s arsenall, 1500s–1600s arsinall, 1500s–1600s arzenale, 1500s–1700s arcenal, 1500s– arsenal, 1600s arcenall, 1600s arcenel, 1600s arcinal, 1600s arcinall, 1600s arcynal, 1600s arsenel, 1600s arsenell, 1600s–1700s arsinal.

Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian arsenale.

Etymology: < Italian arsenale (formerly also arzanale , arzenale ) (a1540 in sense 1; a1558 in sense 2a), alteration (after nouns in -ale -al suffix¹) of earlier arzanà (a1321 with reference to the Arsenal at Venice), (regional: Venice) arsenà (1305; earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin arsana (1206 in a Venetian source)), itself probably a variant of a form with initial d- (compare Italian regional (Genoa) darsenà : see below), with loss of the initial d- in the Venetian dialect by metanalysis (apprehended as the preposition d' (i.e. di ) ‘of’), ultimately < Arabic dār al-ṣināʿa factory, workshop, lit. ‘house of manufacture’ < dār house + al the (assimilated to aṣ before a word with initial ṣ ) + ṣināʿa manufacture ( < ṣanaʿa to manufacture). In some instances probably via French; compare Middle French archenal (c1400 with reference to the Arsenal at Venice), arsenail , arsinal , arcenal (15th cent.), Middle French, French arsenal (c1534), directly < Italian regional (Venice) arsenà , with remodelling of the ending after words in -al -al suffix¹; compare (with different remodelling of the ending) Middle French arsenac (c1459), arcenat (c1490), arssenacle (c1520), arsenart (1530). Italian arsenale and French arsenal were also borrowed into other European languages: compare Spanish arsenal (1610), Portuguese arsenal (1585), Dutch arsenaal (1569 as artionael, 1581 as arçenal, 1599 as arsenael), Middle Low German arsenāl, German Arsenal (early 16th cent.; late 15th cent. as arzenal, arschanal), Swedish arsenal (1658).Parallels in Romance languages. Forms with initial d- (or t- ) (and with various remodellings of the ending), all ultimately borrowings of the same Arabic phrase, are attested early in several Romance languages, and fall into distinct types: (i) Italian darsena dockyard (a1373; a1311 as †darsenà in a Genoese source; earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin darsena (12th cent. in Pisan sources), darsana (12th cent. in a Genoese source)), Italian †terzana (a1348; 1304 as tersana in a Pisan source; compare also post-classical Latin tarsena (1348 in a Sicilian source)), Spanish dársena (18th cent.; 1606 as dárcena ; < Italian), Portuguese taracena (1391), tercena (1541; 15th cent. as tarçena , darçana ); (ii) Old French tarsienat , tarsionat , tersionat (all 1278; compare post-classical Latin tarsenatus (1320 in a Neapolitan source)); (iii) Middle French tarsenal (1362), tercenal (1488), tersenal (1542), (in learned form) darcenal (16th cent.) (earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin tercenale (1323 in a Provençal source)), Italian regional (Pisa) tersanaia (1330), (Naples) tarcenale (15th cent.); (iv) Spanish atarazana dockyard (1277 as adaraçana , daraçana ; c1340 as ataraçana ), Catalan drassana (a1497; 1324 as taraçana ; 1329 as daraçana ; earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin daraçana (1230 in a Catalan source)), reflecting a Spanish Arabic variant dār al-ṣanaʿ , sometimes with prefixed and assimilated definite article al . Specific quotations. In quot. 1932 at sense 1 after Spanish arsenal in its specific sense ‘dockyard’.

1. A dock equipped for the reception, construction, repair, and fitting of ships; a dockyard. Now chiefly historical.In early use especially with reference to the Arsenal at Venice.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > shipyard or boat-yard > [noun] > dockyard

arsenal1511

holm1654

dockyard1704

1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. v At the Archynale [at Venice], there be closed within..an .C. galyes.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 481 Sette vp an arsenall [Fr. arcenal] or store house to builde gallies in.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. R6 I was at the Arsenall [at Venice] which is so called, quasi ars naualis, because there is exercised the Art of making tackling and all other necessary things for shipping.

1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. lii. 429 Carricks, Ships..and other Vessels of his Thalassian Arcenal.

1738 Universal Hist. III. ii. ii. 677 Cæsar had by this time destroyed an hundred and ten Egyptian ships, partly in the harbour, and partly in the arsenal.

1790 Ann. Reg. 1788 61/2 Those ports, which, being the station of the royal naval arsenals, could the more expeditiously supply them.

1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. xxi. 459 Building ships, and arsenals to receive and fit them out becomingly.

1890 W. Cunningham Growth Eng. Industry & Commerce v. iii. 442 There was decided need for an arsenal, like the celebrated one at Venice, for building and fitting his ships.

1932 Pop. Mech. Oct. 582/2 A boat was constructed in 1892 in the arsenal of Carraca.

2014 M. A. Osborne Emergence Trop. Med. France i. 15 Vauban renovated the port and drew up plans for an expanded arsenal.

a. A place, esp. a government establishment, where weapons and ammunition are stored or made.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > store of weapons or equipment > [noun] > place for storing weapons

armoury1440

arsenal1572

magazinea1599

small armoury1713

armamentary1727

place of arms1768

ammunition depot1799

expense magazine1839

bell1858

ammunition dump1918

weapon-pita1944

silo1958

1572 W. Malim tr. N. Martinengo True Rep. Famagosta f. 2^v (margin) Arsenall in Constantinople & Venice, is the place for munition & artilary to lye in.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) xxix. 170 Stored Arcenalls, and Armouries.

1656 W. S. Bullokar's Eng. Expositor (rev. ed.) Arcenal, an armoury, a storehouse of armour or artillery.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Arsenal of Paris, is that where the Cannon or great Guns are cast.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvii. 53 Offensive weapons of all sorts, and military engines, which were deposited in the arsenals.

1811 D. Lysons Environs of London Suppl. 417 Woolwich Warren, now called the Royal Arsenal, was for many years the head-quarters of the regiment of artillery.

1888 H. Lieb Emperor William I v. 191 He..built an arsenal, a royal palace in Berlin and another at Charlottenburg.

1940 Pop. Sci. Nov. 84/2 The Springfield Arsenal is making 1,560 Garand rifles a week.

1970 N.Y. Times 3 Mar. 7/1 Explosions from a government arsenal rocked downtown La Paz for three hours today.

2015 N. Grant Mauser Mil. Rifles 75 The Gew 98 was manufactured by the Prussian state arsenals.

b. A collection or stock of weapons; the weapons available to, or stockpiled by, an individual, group, country, etc.

ΚΠ

1835 tr. A. de Lamartine Pilgrimage Holy Land I. 15 I have besides purchased an arsenal [Fr. arsenal] of muskets, pistols and sabres.

1894 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Oct. 2/1 They..carry in their huge fighting masts an arsenal of quick-firers.

1951 ‘J. Wyndham’ Day of Triffids xii. 216 Inside the main door was stacked a small arsenal of mortars and bombs.

1976 A. J. Toynbee & D. Ikeda Choose Life ii. ix. 228 They may attempt to maintain a balance of power by means of vast arsenals of nuclear weapons.

1991 Britain's Gulf War 50/1 Its inventory included ballistic missiles and a comprehensive chemical arsenal.

2013 Daily Tel. 18 Sept. 23/4 The suspect..barricaded himself in his home..with an arsenal of hunting guns following a shoot-out with police.

3. A repository or plentiful source of a specified thing; spec. an array of resources available for a particular purpose.Frequently in extended metaphors based esp. on sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > storage > [noun] > place where anything is or may be stored > specifically of immaterial things

arkc1175

garnerc1175

cellara1387

aumbry1477

vein1533

armourya1586

arsenal1593

portmanteau?1602

repository1639

reservoir1690

toy shop1714

1593 H. Lok Sundry Christian Passions sig. Avi Thinke among the great Arsenall of Satans armour, he hath choyce of weapons for sundry assaults.

1643 D. Featley in S. Newman Concordance Bible Advt. to Rdr. sig. A2 Scripture is..the spirituall arsenall of munition.

1711 M. Maittaire Ess. against Arianism Hist. Pref. p. xli Divines..make it their whole Study to fully acquaint themselves with that Spiritual Arsenal.

1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IV. Slawkenbergius's Tale 54 Was there in the great arsenal of chance, one single engine left undrawn forth to torture your curiosities.

1823 Monthly Rev. July 254 Having compiled in his Critical Dictionary an arsenal of dialectic resources.

1866 ‘G. F. Harrington’ Inside i. 9/1 It was a special weapon in her arsenal in the worriment of her husband.

1953 W. R. Trask tr. E. R. Curtius European Lit. & Lat. Middle Ages iii. 40 Jerome's answer provides an arsenal of arguments.

1994 Denver Post 17 Jan. c4/4 An unstable economy demands that you generate an arsenal of options for your career.

2014 Daily Tel. 25 Apr. (Business section) 4/4 An elite cell at the US Treasury has developed an arsenal of financial weapons.

Phrases

arsenal of democracy.

a. The resources used in the fight for or preservation of democracy, viewed collectively.In later use influenced by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's use of the phrase: see Phrases b.

ΚΠ

1874 Sat. Rev. 7 Nov. 616/1 Armed with objections which he has borrowed from the arsenal of democracy, M. Raboisson recommends a return to the old traditions of France.

1918 H. S. Houston Blocking New Wars xvii. 136 The free press of America..has proved itself one of the most effective weapons in the arsenal of democracy.

1952 Humboldt (Calif.) Standard 6 Nov. 4/1 This right of honest and sincere criticism [by the opposition party]..is among the most potent weapons in the arsenal of democracy.

2014 P. T. Jaeger et al. Public Libraries, Public Policies, & Polit. Processed iii. 43 Serving as an arsenal of democracy is a central pillar of the narrative that libraries use to justify their public funding and support.

b. spec. The United States as the source of weapons and other resources provided to assist the Allies in the Second World War in the fight for the preservation of democracy and freedom. Now chiefly historical.Popularized by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his ‘fireside chat’ radio broadcast (see quot. 1940 and fireside n. Compounds b).

ΚΠ

1940 F. D. Roosevelt Fireside Chat 29 Dec. (FDR Library, N.Y., Master Speech File 1351A) 23 We must be the great arsenal of democracy.

1941 B. Finney (title) Arsenal of democracy: how industry builds our defence.

1973 G. Perrett Days of Sadness, Years of Triumph xxii. 255 Red, white and blue signs appeared at factory gates proclaiming ‘This is one part of the arsenal of democracy.’

2009 Atlantic Monthly July 65/2 Detroit..was once part of FDR's ‘Arsenal of Democracy’, for its part in retooling auto plants to make World War II tanks and bombers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	arsenal
释义	arsenaln. Brit. /ˈɑːsn̩(ə)l/, /ˈɑːsən(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈɑrs(ə)nəl/ Forms: 1500s archinale, 1500s archynale, 1500s–1600s arsenale, 1500s–1600s arsenall, 1500s–1600s arsinall, 1500s–1600s arzenale, 1500s–1700s arcenal, 1500s– arsenal, 1600s arcenall, 1600s arcenel, 1600s arcinal, 1600s arcinall, 1600s arcynal, 1600s arsenel, 1600s arsenell, 1600s–1700s arsinal. Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian arsenale. Etymology: < Italian arsenale (formerly also arzanale , arzenale ) (a1540 in sense 1; a1558 in sense 2a), alteration (after nouns in -ale -al suffix¹) of earlier arzanà (a1321 with reference to the Arsenal at Venice), (regional: Venice) arsenà (1305; earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin arsana (1206 in a Venetian source)), itself probably a variant of a form with initial d- (compare Italian regional (Genoa) darsenà : see below), with loss of the initial d- in the Venetian dialect by metanalysis (apprehended as the preposition d' (i.e. di ) ‘of’), ultimately < Arabic dār al-ṣināʿa factory, workshop, lit. ‘house of manufacture’ < dār house + al the (assimilated to aṣ before a word with initial ṣ ) + ṣināʿa manufacture ( < ṣanaʿa to manufacture). In some instances probably via French; compare Middle French archenal (c1400 with reference to the Arsenal at Venice), arsenail , arsinal , arcenal (15th cent.), Middle French, French arsenal (c1534), directly < Italian regional (Venice) arsenà , with remodelling of the ending after words in -al -al suffix¹; compare (with different remodelling of the ending) Middle French arsenac (c1459), arcenat (c1490), arssenacle (c1520), arsenart (1530). Italian arsenale and French arsenal were also borrowed into other European languages: compare Spanish arsenal (1610), Portuguese arsenal (1585), Dutch arsenaal (1569 as artionael, 1581 as arçenal, 1599 as arsenael), Middle Low German arsenāl, German Arsenal (early 16th cent.; late 15th cent. as arzenal, arschanal), Swedish arsenal (1658).Parallels in Romance languages. Forms with initial d- (or t- ) (and with various remodellings of the ending), all ultimately borrowings of the same Arabic phrase, are attested early in several Romance languages, and fall into distinct types: (i) Italian darsena dockyard (a1373; a1311 as †darsenà in a Genoese source; earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin darsena (12th cent. in Pisan sources), darsana (12th cent. in a Genoese source)), Italian †terzana (a1348; 1304 as tersana in a Pisan source; compare also post-classical Latin tarsena (1348 in a Sicilian source)), Spanish dársena (18th cent.; 1606 as dárcena ; < Italian), Portuguese taracena (1391), tercena (1541; 15th cent. as tarçena , darçana ); (ii) Old French tarsienat , tarsionat , tersionat (all 1278; compare post-classical Latin tarsenatus (1320 in a Neapolitan source)); (iii) Middle French tarsenal (1362), tercenal (1488), tersenal (1542), (in learned form) darcenal (16th cent.) (earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin tercenale (1323 in a Provençal source)), Italian regional (Pisa) tersanaia (1330), (Naples) tarcenale (15th cent.); (iv) Spanish atarazana dockyard (1277 as adaraçana , daraçana ; c1340 as ataraçana ), Catalan drassana (a1497; 1324 as taraçana ; 1329 as daraçana ; earlier currency is implied by post-classical Latin daraçana (1230 in a Catalan source)), reflecting a Spanish Arabic variant dār al-ṣanaʿ , sometimes with prefixed and assimilated definite article al . Specific quotations. In quot. 1932 at sense 1 after Spanish arsenal in its specific sense ‘dockyard’. 1. A dock equipped for the reception, construction, repair, and fitting of ships; a dockyard. Now chiefly historical.In early use especially with reference to the Arsenal at Venice. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > shipyard or boat-yard > [noun] > dockyard arsenal1511 holm1654 dockyard1704 1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. v At the Archynale [at Venice], there be closed within..an .C. galyes. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 481 Sette vp an arsenall [Fr. arcenal] or store house to builde gallies in. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. R6 I was at the Arsenall [at Venice] which is so called, quasi ars naualis, because there is exercised the Art of making tackling and all other necessary things for shipping. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. lii. 429 Carricks, Ships..and other Vessels of his Thalassian Arcenal. 1738 Universal Hist. III. ii. ii. 677 Cæsar had by this time destroyed an hundred and ten Egyptian ships, partly in the harbour, and partly in the arsenal. 1790 Ann. Reg. 1788 61/2 Those ports, which, being the station of the royal naval arsenals, could the more expeditiously supply them. 1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. xxi. 459 Building ships, and arsenals to receive and fit them out becomingly. 1890 W. Cunningham Growth Eng. Industry & Commerce v. iii. 442 There was decided need for an arsenal, like the celebrated one at Venice, for building and fitting his ships. 1932 Pop. Mech. Oct. 582/2 A boat was constructed in 1892 in the arsenal of Carraca. 2014 M. A. Osborne Emergence Trop. Med. France i. 15 Vauban renovated the port and drew up plans for an expanded arsenal. 2. a. A place, esp. a government establishment, where weapons and ammunition are stored or made. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > store of weapons or equipment > [noun] > place for storing weapons armoury1440 arsenal1572 magazinea1599 small armoury1713 armamentary1727 place of arms1768 ammunition depot1799 expense magazine1839 bell1858 ammunition dump1918 weapon-pita1944 silo1958 1572 W. Malim tr. N. Martinengo True Rep. Famagosta f. 2^v (margin) Arsenall in Constantinople & Venice, is the place for munition & artilary to lye in. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) xxix. 170 Stored Arcenalls, and Armouries. 1656 W. S. Bullokar's Eng. Expositor (rev. ed.) Arcenal, an armoury, a storehouse of armour or artillery. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Arsenal of Paris, is that where the Cannon or great Guns are cast. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvii. 53 Offensive weapons of all sorts, and military engines, which were deposited in the arsenals. 1811 D. Lysons Environs of London Suppl. 417 Woolwich Warren, now called the Royal Arsenal, was for many years the head-quarters of the regiment of artillery. 1888 H. Lieb Emperor William I v. 191 He..built an arsenal, a royal palace in Berlin and another at Charlottenburg. 1940 Pop. Sci. Nov. 84/2 The Springfield Arsenal is making 1,560 Garand rifles a week. 1970 N.Y. Times 3 Mar. 7/1 Explosions from a government arsenal rocked downtown La Paz for three hours today. 2015 N. Grant Mauser Mil. Rifles 75 The Gew 98 was manufactured by the Prussian state arsenals. b. A collection or stock of weapons; the weapons available to, or stockpiled by, an individual, group, country, etc. ΚΠ 1835 tr. A. de Lamartine Pilgrimage Holy Land I. 15 I have besides purchased an arsenal [Fr. arsenal] of muskets, pistols and sabres. 1894 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Oct. 2/1 They..carry in their huge fighting masts an arsenal of quick-firers. 1951 ‘J. Wyndham’ Day of Triffids xii. 216 Inside the main door was stacked a small arsenal of mortars and bombs. 1976 A. J. Toynbee & D. Ikeda Choose Life ii. ix. 228 They may attempt to maintain a balance of power by means of vast arsenals of nuclear weapons. 1991 Britain's Gulf War 50/1 Its inventory included ballistic missiles and a comprehensive chemical arsenal. 2013 Daily Tel. 18 Sept. 23/4 The suspect..barricaded himself in his home..with an arsenal of hunting guns following a shoot-out with police. 3. A repository or plentiful source of a specified thing; spec. an array of resources available for a particular purpose.Frequently in extended metaphors based esp. on sense 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > storage > [noun] > place where anything is or may be stored > specifically of immaterial things arkc1175 garnerc1175 cellara1387 aumbry1477 vein1533 armourya1586 arsenal1593 portmanteau?1602 repository1639 reservoir1690 toy shop1714 1593 H. Lok Sundry Christian Passions sig. Avi Thinke among the great Arsenall of Satans armour, he hath choyce of weapons for sundry assaults. 1643 D. Featley in S. Newman Concordance Bible Advt. to Rdr. sig. A2 Scripture is..the spirituall arsenall of munition. 1711 M. Maittaire Ess. against Arianism Hist. Pref. p. xli Divines..make it their whole Study to fully acquaint themselves with that Spiritual Arsenal. 1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IV. Slawkenbergius's Tale 54 Was there in the great arsenal of chance, one single engine left undrawn forth to torture your curiosities. 1823 Monthly Rev. July 254 Having compiled in his Critical Dictionary an arsenal of dialectic resources. 1866 ‘G. F. Harrington’ Inside i. 9/1 It was a special weapon in her arsenal in the worriment of her husband. 1953 W. R. Trask tr. E. R. Curtius European Lit. & Lat. Middle Ages iii. 40 Jerome's answer provides an arsenal of arguments. 1994 Denver Post 17 Jan. c4/4 An unstable economy demands that you generate an arsenal of options for your career. 2014 Daily Tel. 25 Apr. (Business section) 4/4 An elite cell at the US Treasury has developed an arsenal of financial weapons. Phrases arsenal of democracy. a. The resources used in the fight for or preservation of democracy, viewed collectively.In later use influenced by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's use of the phrase: see Phrases b. ΚΠ 1874 Sat. Rev. 7 Nov. 616/1 Armed with objections which he has borrowed from the arsenal of democracy, M. Raboisson recommends a return to the old traditions of France. 1918 H. S. Houston Blocking New Wars xvii. 136 The free press of America..has proved itself one of the most effective weapons in the arsenal of democracy. 1952 Humboldt (Calif.) Standard 6 Nov. 4/1 This right of honest and sincere criticism [by the opposition party]..is among the most potent weapons in the arsenal of democracy. 2014 P. T. Jaeger et al. Public Libraries, Public Policies, & Polit. Processed iii. 43 Serving as an arsenal of democracy is a central pillar of the narrative that libraries use to justify their public funding and support. b. spec. The United States as the source of weapons and other resources provided to assist the Allies in the Second World War in the fight for the preservation of democracy and freedom. Now chiefly historical.Popularized by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his ‘fireside chat’ radio broadcast (see quot. 1940 and fireside n. Compounds b). ΚΠ 1940 F. D. Roosevelt Fireside Chat 29 Dec. (FDR Library, N.Y., Master Speech File 1351A) 23 We must be the great arsenal of democracy. 1941 B. Finney (title) Arsenal of democracy: how industry builds our defence. 1973 G. Perrett Days of Sadness, Years of Triumph xxii. 255 Red, white and blue signs appeared at factory gates proclaiming ‘This is one part of the arsenal of democracy.’ 2009 Atlantic Monthly July 65/2 Detroit..was once part of FDR's ‘Arsenal of Democracy’, for its part in retooling auto plants to make World War II tanks and bombers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1511
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