Abenakin.adj.

Brit.

/ˌabəˈnaki/,

/ˌɑːbəˈnɑːki/, U.S.

/ˌæbəˈnæki/,

/ˌɑbəˈnɑki/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Abenakis.

Forms:

α. 1600s Abenati (transmission error), 1700s Abenaquis (as adjective), 1700s Abenaquise (as adjective), 1700s–1800s Abenaqui, 1700s– Abenaquies (plural), 1700s–1800s Abnaquies (plural), 1700s– Abenaki, 1800s Abanaqui, 1700s– Abenakies (plural), 1800s Abenaque, 1800s Abnaqui, 1800s– Abnaki, 1900s– Abénaquise (as adjective).

β. 1700s Abnaquoise, 1700s– Abenaquois (now rare and historical).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French Abenaquioit, Abenaqui, Abenaki, Abnaqui.

Etymology: < French †Abenaquioit (1632), Abenaqui (1691 or earlier; now Abénaqui ), Abenaki (1698 in the passage translated in quot. 1698 at sense A. 1), †Abnaqui (1699 or earlier), etc., also (as adjective) †Abnaquiois (1651 or earlier), †Abenaquis (1691), †Abenaquois (1759 or earlier) < Old Montagnais ȣabanăki (although this is apparently first attested later: a1695) < Eastern Abenaki wαpánahki, literally ‘person of the dawn land’, self-designation.

A. n.

1. A member of an Algonquian people living chiefly in Maine and Quebec.The Abenaki are divided into the Western Abenaki and the Eastern Abenaki, and, together with the Maliseet-Passamaquoddy and Micmac form the Abenaki (or Wabanaki) Confederacy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern America > [noun] > Algonquians of Eastern Seaboard

Powhatan1608

Mohicanc1614

Massachusett1616

Penobscot1624

Pequot1631

Narragansett1637

Nipmuc1637

Algonquin1667

Wampanoag1676

Minisink1694

Abenaki1698

Lenape1728

Maliseet1749

Munsee1756

Passamaquoddy1759

Micmac1760

Podunk1797

Algic1839

Virginia Algonquian1903

1698 tr. L. Hennepin Continuation xxiv. 95 in New Discov. in Amer. The Algoncains, the Abenati [sic; Fr. les Abenaki], Esquimones, and an infinite number of Salvages, who have Converst with the Europeans, are no less Sly and Politick.

1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. I. 17 The Villages of Silleri, and of Saut de la Chaudiere, are compos'd of three hundred Families of Abenakis, who are..Christians.

1721 Mass. House of Representatives Jrnl. (1922) III. 111 The Signature of the Nations of the Abnaquoise.

1778 W. Russell Hist. Amer. II. iv. iv. 247 The missionaries taught the Abnaquies their religion.

1828 L. M. Child Church in Wilderness 4 He found among the savages the orphan son of the Baron de Castine, by a beautiful young Abnakis.

1885 Bangor (Maine) Daily Whig & Courier 9 Jan. An able and interesting paper..in which he described the Abnakis of Maine as the eldest branch of the Algonquins.

1947 R. P. T. Coffin Yankee Coast 226 These Abenakis painted their faces the colors of death..when they went on the warpath and slew the Mohawks.

1970 R. Lowell Notebk. 84 We saw the burial ground of the Abenaki.

2003 J. Donnelly Gathering Light 251 There's the Traversys. And the Dennises. They're Abenakis, I'm told. They weave sweet-grass baskets and sell them in Eagle Bay.

2. Either or both of the Eastern Algonquian languages of the Western and Eastern Abenaki.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Algonquian > Algonquian languages

Illinois1703

Ojibwa1743

Chippewa1791

Shawnee1792

Miami-Illinois1804

Natick1822

Delaware1826

Munsee1828

Nanticoke1845

Blackfoot1846

Pequot1848

Potawatomi1848

Wiyot1851

Montagnais1852

Passamaquoddy1856

Abenaki1858

Narragansett1866

Lenape1888

Penobscot1891

Powhatan1895

Menominee1896

Micmac1902

Meskwaki1907

Maliseet1912

Cheyenne1933

Kickapoo1933

Massachusett1933

Mohican1933

Sauk1933

Virginia Algonquian1971

Ottawa1982

1858 E. Vetromile Indian Good Bk. (ed. 3) 577 One of the few monuments of the pure Abnaki that have escaped the voracity of time.

1902 Amer. Anthropologist 4 27 The distinction between animate and inanimate gender is still preserved in both Penobscot and Abenaki.

1912 T. Michelson in 28th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1906–7 280 The existing dialects..are Micmac,..Passamaquoddy,..and Abnaki.

1976 K. V. Teeter in T. A. Sebeok Native Lang. Americas I. 506 The splitting of Abnaki into Eastern and Western branches follows the current practice of the principal workers in the field, Day and Siebert.

1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 17/2 Further Algonquian languages, still spoken but by very small numbers, are Abenaki, Algonquian, Arapaho, Atsina, Fox, Kickapoo, Maliseet and Passamaquoddy.

B. adj. (attributive).

Of or relating to the Abenaki or their languages.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern America > [adjective] > Algonquians of Eastern Seaboard

Massachusett1622

Pequot1634

Nipmuc1636

Mohican1637

Natick1677

Minisink1694

Algonquin1698

Passamaquoddy1726

Penobscot1727

Abenaki1746

Micmac1767

Maliseet1770

Munsee1779

Powhatan1785

Mashpee1809

Powhatanic1855

Virginia Algonquian1870

Wampanoag1948

Mashpee Wampanoag1977

1746 W. Bollan tr. P. F. X. Charlevoix in Importance & Advantage of Cape Breton i. 24 The English neglect nothing to gain the Abenaquis Nation [Fr. les Nations Abénaquises] to their Interests.

1833 J. Pickering in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. New Ser. 1 xv. 569 The reader will..pronounce the Abnaki words as a Frenchman would.

1896 C. G. D. Roberts Forge in Forest xx De Ramezay had affairs with the Abenaqui chiefs of the Penobscot.

1910 E. T. Seton Life-hist. Northern Animals II. 926 The name ‘Pekan’, first recorded by Charlevoix (1744) and popularized by Buffon 1765, is the Abenaki name, adopted without change.

1974 W. S. Sturtevant in J. Billard World of Amer. Indian 125 (caption) A petit présent—worked in wampum by Abenaki and Huron converts at Jesuit missions along the St. Lawrence River—reposes in France's Chartres Cathedral.

1996 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 24 Mar. 1 b For Swift Fox, 20, a member of the Abnaki tribe, being a part of the youth group is a continuation of a longstanding interest in his heritage.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abenaki
释义	Abenakin.adj. Brit. /ˌabəˈnaki/, /ˌɑːbəˈnɑːki/, U.S. /ˌæbəˈnæki/, /ˌɑbəˈnɑki/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Abenakis. Forms: α. 1600s Abenati (transmission error), 1700s Abenaquis (as adjective), 1700s Abenaquise (as adjective), 1700s–1800s Abenaqui, 1700s– Abenaquies (plural), 1700s–1800s Abnaquies (plural), 1700s– Abenaki, 1800s Abanaqui, 1700s– Abenakies (plural), 1800s Abenaque, 1800s Abnaqui, 1800s– Abnaki, 1900s– Abénaquise (as adjective). β. 1700s Abnaquoise, 1700s– Abenaquois (now rare and historical). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French Abenaquioit, Abenaqui, Abenaki, Abnaqui. Etymology: < French †Abenaquioit (1632), Abenaqui (1691 or earlier; now Abénaqui ), Abenaki (1698 in the passage translated in quot. 1698 at sense A. 1), †Abnaqui (1699 or earlier), etc., also (as adjective) †Abnaquiois (1651 or earlier), †Abenaquis (1691), †Abenaquois (1759 or earlier) < Old Montagnais ȣabanăki (although this is apparently first attested later: a1695) < Eastern Abenaki wαpánahki, literally ‘person of the dawn land’, self-designation. A. n. 1. A member of an Algonquian people living chiefly in Maine and Quebec.The Abenaki are divided into the Western Abenaki and the Eastern Abenaki, and, together with the Maliseet-Passamaquoddy and Micmac form the Abenaki (or Wabanaki) Confederacy. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern America > [noun] > Algonquians of Eastern Seaboard Powhatan1608 Mohicanc1614 Massachusett1616 Penobscot1624 Pequot1631 Narragansett1637 Nipmuc1637 Algonquin1667 Wampanoag1676 Minisink1694 Abenaki1698 Lenape1728 Maliseet1749 Munsee1756 Passamaquoddy1759 Micmac1760 Podunk1797 Algic1839 Virginia Algonquian1903 1698 tr. L. Hennepin Continuation xxiv. 95 in New Discov. in Amer. The Algoncains, the Abenati [sic; Fr. les Abenaki], Esquimones, and an infinite number of Salvages, who have Converst with the Europeans, are no less Sly and Politick. 1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. I. 17 The Villages of Silleri, and of Saut de la Chaudiere, are compos'd of three hundred Families of Abenakis, who are..Christians. 1721 Mass. House of Representatives Jrnl. (1922) III. 111 The Signature of the Nations of the Abnaquoise. 1778 W. Russell Hist. Amer. II. iv. iv. 247 The missionaries taught the Abnaquies their religion. 1828 L. M. Child Church in Wilderness 4 He found among the savages the orphan son of the Baron de Castine, by a beautiful young Abnakis. 1885 Bangor (Maine) Daily Whig & Courier 9 Jan. An able and interesting paper..in which he described the Abnakis of Maine as the eldest branch of the Algonquins. 1947 R. P. T. Coffin Yankee Coast 226 These Abenakis painted their faces the colors of death..when they went on the warpath and slew the Mohawks. 1970 R. Lowell Notebk. 84 We saw the burial ground of the Abenaki. 2003 J. Donnelly Gathering Light 251 There's the Traversys. And the Dennises. They're Abenakis, I'm told. They weave sweet-grass baskets and sell them in Eagle Bay. 2. Either or both of the Eastern Algonquian languages of the Western and Eastern Abenaki. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Algonquian > Algonquian languages Illinois1703 Ojibwa1743 Chippewa1791 Shawnee1792 Miami-Illinois1804 Natick1822 Delaware1826 Munsee1828 Nanticoke1845 Blackfoot1846 Pequot1848 Potawatomi1848 Wiyot1851 Montagnais1852 Passamaquoddy1856 Abenaki1858 Narragansett1866 Lenape1888 Penobscot1891 Powhatan1895 Menominee1896 Micmac1902 Meskwaki1907 Maliseet1912 Cheyenne1933 Kickapoo1933 Massachusett1933 Mohican1933 Sauk1933 Virginia Algonquian1971 Ottawa1982 1858 E. Vetromile Indian Good Bk. (ed. 3) 577 One of the few monuments of the pure Abnaki that have escaped the voracity of time. 1902 Amer. Anthropologist 4 27 The distinction between animate and inanimate gender is still preserved in both Penobscot and Abenaki. 1912 T. Michelson in 28th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1906–7 280 The existing dialects..are Micmac,..Passamaquoddy,..and Abnaki. 1976 K. V. Teeter in T. A. Sebeok Native Lang. Americas I. 506 The splitting of Abnaki into Eastern and Western branches follows the current practice of the principal workers in the field, Day and Siebert. 1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 17/2 Further Algonquian languages, still spoken but by very small numbers, are Abenaki, Algonquian, Arapaho, Atsina, Fox, Kickapoo, Maliseet and Passamaquoddy. B. adj. (attributive). Of or relating to the Abenaki or their languages. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern America > [adjective] > Algonquians of Eastern Seaboard Massachusett1622 Pequot1634 Nipmuc1636 Mohican1637 Natick1677 Minisink1694 Algonquin1698 Passamaquoddy1726 Penobscot1727 Abenaki1746 Micmac1767 Maliseet1770 Munsee1779 Powhatan1785 Mashpee1809 Powhatanic1855 Virginia Algonquian1870 Wampanoag1948 Mashpee Wampanoag1977 1746 W. Bollan tr. P. F. X. Charlevoix in Importance & Advantage of Cape Breton i. 24 The English neglect nothing to gain the Abenaquis Nation [Fr. les Nations Abénaquises] to their Interests. 1833 J. Pickering in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. New Ser. 1 xv. 569 The reader will..pronounce the Abnaki words as a Frenchman would. 1896 C. G. D. Roberts Forge in Forest xx De Ramezay had affairs with the Abenaqui chiefs of the Penobscot. 1910 E. T. Seton Life-hist. Northern Animals II. 926 The name ‘Pekan’, first recorded by Charlevoix (1744) and popularized by Buffon 1765, is the Abenaki name, adopted without change. 1974 W. S. Sturtevant in J. Billard World of Amer. Indian 125 (caption) A petit présent—worked in wampum by Abenaki and Huron converts at Jesuit missions along the St. Lawrence River—reposes in France's Chartres Cathedral. 1996 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 24 Mar. 1 b For Swift Fox, 20, a member of the Abnaki tribe, being a part of the youth group is a continuation of a longstanding interest in his heritage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1698
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