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单词 illyrian
释义

Illyrianadj.n.

Brit. /ɪˈlɪrɪən/, U.S. /ɪˈlɪriən/
Etymology: < Latin Illyrius, < Greek Ἰλλυριός.
A. adj.
1.
a. Of or relating to the Illyrians or to ancient Illyria (or Illyricum), a country lying east of the Adriatic and at an early period extending northwards to the Danube.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of ancient cities or states > [adjective]
NinevitishOE
Trojanc1374
Sardian1551
Susian?1552
Illyrian1556
Phoenician?1556
Hyrcan1567
Sidonian1578
Phrygian1579
Smyrnian1579
Lycaonian1582
Paphlagonian1596
Lycian1598
Galatian1603
Cappadocian1607
Canaanite1613
Mysian1613
Phocaean1614
Phrygic1614
Dardana1616
Babylonized1701
Pergamene1703
Milesiana1722
Canaanitic1753
Palmyrenian1776
Smyrnaean1807
Troic1838
Minaean1844
Ninevite1848
Smyrniote1867
Isaurian1880
Mitannian1897
Iconian1899
Mitannite1911
Thraco-Phrygian1924
1556 N. Grimald tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Duties ii. f. 78 Bargulus, the Illyrian robber, of whom mention is made in Theopompus.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. i. 108 Bargulus the strong Illyrian Pyrate.
1679 J. Davies tr. Appian Hist. (title page) The History of Appian, of Alexandria. In Two Parts. The First, consisting of the Punick, Syrian, Parthian, Mithridatick, Illyrian, Spanish, and Hannibalick, Wars.
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. i. 27 The provinces of the Danube soon acquired the general appellation of Illyricum, or the Illyrian frontier.
1797 Encycl. Brit. II. 714/2 The Heneti, an Illyrian people.
1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 709/1 The Danube..was the limit of the Illyrian tribes towards the north.
1935 J. S. Huxley & A. C. Haddon We Europeans vi. 179 The Dinaric (Illyrian) type [of people] is found on both sides of the northern Adriatic, the Illyrian mountain system with extensions to the north and south.
1953 J. Procházka tr. B. Hrozný Anc. Hist. W. Asia, India & Crete xvii. 220 The Illyrian and Thracian peoples are responsible for the band ceramics.
b. Of or belonging to Illyria, a territory in the western Balkans which now falls in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia.A former division of Austria-Hungary, Illyria was a part of Yugoslavia from 1918 until the dissolution of that country in 1994. Illyrian Provinces, a division, made by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1809, of various Austrian territories lying north and east of the Adriatic, and abolished in 1814–15, after which it was made a nominal kingdom of the Austrian Empire.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > countries of Eastern Europe > [adjective] > regions of the former Yugoslavia
Croatian1599
Istrian1607
Bosnian1621
Dalmatiana1684
Illyrian1820
Montenegrian1830
Montenegrin1840
Montenegran1858
1820 C. Kelly Hist. Fr. Revol. I. xiii. 614 The treaty of Vienna has given to France a great extent of territory on the Adriatic sea: this territory is formed into the Illyrian republic.
a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 559/1 The Emperor of Austria rules the Illyrian Kingdom with uncontrolled authority.
1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 445/2 Napoleon,..in 1809, gave to several tracts of territory ceded by Austria.. the name of the Illyrian Provinces.
1845 Encycl. Metrop. XIII. 1084/2 Meanwhile the war in the Illyrian provinces..received a fresh complication from the secession of Bavaria from the French alliance.
1921 19th Cent. & After May 856 The Illyrian provinces..provided a strong bulwark against Austria.
1965 New Cambr. Mod. Hist. IX. xi. 331 The Illyrian provinces taken from Austria in 1809 remained directly under the control of Napoleon through a governor-general.
c. In literary use: relating to the regions lying along the east coast of the Adriatic.This corresponds to the literary use of Illyria, which was retained even when the name had no political significance.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > countries of Eastern Europe > [adjective] > eastern Adriatic
Illyrian1852
1852 M. Arnold Empedocles on Etna, & Other Poems i. ii. 41 The Adriatic breaks in a warm bay Among the green Illyrian hills... There those two live, far in the Illyrian brakes.
1853 Ld. Tennyson To E. L. in Poems 352 Illyrian woodlands, echoing falls Of water.
1950 J. C. Fennessy Way to Sea xvii. 131 Lapis lazuli blue as the Illyrian sea.
d. Used in the names of breeds of dog that originated in this part of the Balkans, as Illyrian hound, Illyrian sheepdog.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > other types of
Old English sheepdog1890
Belgian sheepdog1901
Belgian Shepherd1901
briard1901
Calabrian1905
Groenendael1925
maremma1925
bouvier1934
Illyrian sheepdog1935
puli1936
Malinois1947
Tervueren1947
Owczarek1948
Old English1971
Aussie1972
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > hound > [noun] > unspecified or other types of
talbot1562
kibble1590
saluki1809
redbone1886
Plott1904
blue-tick1922
blue-tick coonhound1922
Basenji1933
Illyrian hound1964
Pharaoh hound1967
1935 Discovery Oct. 310/2 The fierce dogs of the Yugoslav South..are now officially called Illyrian Sheepdogs.
1948 A. Lokar in B. Vesey-Fitzgerald Bk. Dog ii. 519 The Illyrian Sheepdog is..the best-known Yugoslav sheep-herding dog and is in big demand in the hills in summer, and in the valleys when the sheep and goats come down for winter feeding.
1964 E. F. Daglish tr. E. Schneider-Leyer Dogs of World 198 The Illyrian Hound is not directly descended from the oft-mentioned Celtic Hound.
1971 F. Hamilton World Encycl. Dogs 376 Illyrian Hound. This medium-sized hound is named for Illyria, that ill-defined region of present-day Yugoslavia which borders the Adriatic.
2. Relating or belonging to the group of ancient dialects represented by the modern Albanian; (also) relating or belonging to a division of the eastern branch of the Slavonic languages.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Albanian
Illyrian1607
Albanian1813
Tosk1900
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 10 CYnocephales, are a kinde of Apes... In the French, Germain, and Illyrian tongues, they are called of some Babion.
1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. 444 The names to the above letters are in the Illyrian and Servian tongues.
1833 Penny Cycl. I. 256/2 The hypothesis of the Albanians being descended from the Illyrians, cannot receive confirmation from comparing it with the old Illyrian tongue.
1928 C. Dawson Age of Gods xvi. 375 Our knowledge of the Illyrian languages is so slight.
B. n.
1. One of an Indo-European people who inhabited ancient Illyria, and who were conquered by the Romans in the third and second centuries b.c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [noun] > person
Idumaeanc897
PhilistineeOE
PhilisteeOE
Philistianc1375
Midianitea1382
Moabitea1382
Chaldee1382
Scytha1387
Ammonitea1393
Alana1450
Amorite1530
Kenite1535
Scythian1543
Nabatean1555
Illyrian1584
Sabaean1607
Hittite1608
Homerite1613
White Hun1653
Judahite1708
Alarodian1709
Cimmerian1797
Thamudite1833
Himyarite1842
Akkadian1857
Saka1880
Ephthalite1882
Kassite1888
Hurrian1911
Hattian1914
Tarsian1914
Subarian1923
Gutian1928
Urartian1934
Nesite1949
Luvian1961
Eblaite1976
1584 B. R. tr. Herodotus Famous Hyst. i. f. 62v The people Eneti comming of the Illyrians.
1788 J. Lemprière Classical Dict. at Pausanias He accompanied the prince in an expedition against the Illyrians.
1880 Encycl. Brit. XII. 709/1 It would not be easy to draw any line of demarcation at this early time between the Illyrians and their neighbours on the west, south, and east.
1928 C. Dawson Age of Gods xiv. 325 The Bronze Age in Eastern Europe. The Thracians and the Illyrians.
1935 J. S. Huxley & A. C. Haddon We Europeans vii. 213 The Albanians are in part the descendants of the old Illyrians and are noteworthy for the preservation of many archaic customs and of a primitive form of Aryan language.
1949 Oxf. Classical Dict. 966/1 Zeus..is found as ‘Father’, which attribute is very common in Greek too, among the Romans, Indians, and Illyrians.
2. An inhabitant of the former Austrian kingdom of Illyria.
ΚΠ
1836 N. Wiseman Lect. Doctr. Catholic Church I. vii. 256 M. Boraga, an Illyrian, obtained permission of the Bishop to open a new mission among the Indians on the Grand River.
3. A member of the Slavonic people now living in the territory of ancient Illyria; also applied loosely to any people inhabiting this region, without reference to the various political meanings of the name.
ΚΠ
1845 Encycl. Metrop. XIII. 533/2 Fortunately at this crisis he [sc. Leopold II] obtained the support of the Illyrians.
4. The language of Illyria, or the group of ancient dialects represented by the modern Albanian; also, a division of the eastern branch of the Slavonic languages, spoken in the same or adjacent districts.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Albanian > ancient
Illyrican1753
Albanian1876
Illyrian1888
1888 J. Wright tr. K. Brugmann Elem. Compar. Gram. Indo-Germanic Lang. I. 12 Russian..Bulgarian and Illyrian.
1903 Ann. Brit. School Athens 1901–2 8 155 Messapian and Illyrian are clearly related to Venetic, a language to which we have found certain resemblances in Eteocretan.
1912 W. W. Skeat Sci. Etymol. 127 There is, however, sufficient evidence to show that the Old Illyrian was an independent descendant from the original Indo-germanic stock.
1958 P. Kemp No Colours or Crest v. 76 Indeed Albanian, which is supposed to be derived from ancient Illyrian, must be one of the most difficult of European languages to learn.

Derivatives

Iˈllyric adj. [ < Latin Illyricus, Greek Ἰλλυρικός]
ΚΠ
1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 447/2 Antient Illyria..was inhabited by a people called by the general name of the Illyric nations.
1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 783/2 The so-called Morlacks, or Dalmatians proper, who..speak a Slavonic dialect usually distinguished as the Illyric.
Iˈllyrican n. = sense B. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Albanian > ancient
Illyrican1753
Albanian1876
Illyrian1888
1753 R. Clayton Jrnl. from Cairo to Sinai 34 We had in our company persons, who were acquainted with the Arabick, Greek,..Illyrican, German..languages.
ˈIllyrism n. (a) advocacy of Slovene, Croatian, and Serb nationalism; (b) see quot. 1957.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > nationalism > [noun] > other spec.
Portugalism1676
pan-Slavism1844
Panhellenism1849
pan-Slavonism1850
Hellenism1854
Illyrism1854
Magyarism1862
pan-Celticism1863
Turkeyism1877
pan-Americanism1889
Nipponism1899
New Zealandism1921
Black Nationalism1927
Yiddishism1932
1854 E. O. S. Hungary & its Revol. 236 Louis Gay, a young man of literary attainments,..took the lead in a movement which obtained the name of Illyrism.
1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 475/2 The Hungarians had obtained a royal manifesto hostile to Illyrism.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XX. 789/2 Between the Slovenes and the Croats there are transition dialects, and about 1840 there was an attempt (Illyrism) to establish a common literary language.
ˈIllyrist adj. and n.
ΚΠ
1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 475/2 A nationalist or ‘Illyrist’ party was formed..to combat Hungarian influences.
1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 475/2 Conflicts between Illyrists and Magyarists.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1556
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