icos-icosa-icosi-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

1. representing Greek combining forms of εἴκοσι twenty, used in English in several technical terms (see below).

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icosacolic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkɒsəˈkəʊlɪk/

/ʌɪˌkɒsəˈkəʊlɪk/

U.S.

/aɪˌkoʊsəˈkoʊlɪk/

/aɪˌkɑsəˈkoʊlɪk/

[ < Greek εἰκοσάκωλος, < κῶλον member, clause, colon n.²] Classical Prosody consisting of twenty cola, or members.

Categories »

icosasemic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkɒsəˈsiːmɪk/

/ʌɪˈkɒsəˈsiːmɪk/

U.S.

/aɪˌkoʊsəˈsimɪk/

/aɪˌkɑsəˈsimɪk/

[ < Greek σῆμα mark, σημεῖον mark, mora] Classical Prosody consisting of or containing twenty moræ or units of time, i.e. the equivalent of twenty short syllables.

icosian adj.

Brit.

/ʌɪˈkəʊsɪən/

U.S.

/aɪˈkoʊsiən/

of or pertaining to twenty.

2. In Chemistry (usually spelt eicos-) denoting the presence in a molecule of twenty atoms of some element (usually carbon). [Apparently first so used in German eikosylen (Lippmann and Hawliczek 1879, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 12 72).]

ˈeicosane n.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪkə(ʊ)seɪn/

U.S.

/ˈaɪkəˌseɪn/

[-ane suffix² 2] a hydrocarbon, C₂₀H₄₂, of the paraffin (alkane) series, esp. the normal isomer.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes > straight-chained by number of carbon atoms > twenty

eicosane1889

1889 G. M'Gowan tr. A. Bernthsen Text-bk. Org. Chem. 34 (table) C₂₀H₄₂. Eicosane.

1889 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. (rev. ed.) II. 746/1 Icosane C₂₀H₄₂... Formed by reduction of the dichloride of heptyl tridecyl ketone with HI and P.

1948 A. W. Ralston Fatty Acids xi. 882 The following are the melting and boiling points which have been reported for the higher normal saturated hydrocarbons: nonadecane, C₁₉H₄₀, 32°, —; eicosane, C₂₀H₄₂, 38°, b_0·5 148°; [etc.].

1966 Nomencl. Org. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) (ed. 2) A. 6 The first four saturated unbranched acyclic hydrocarbons are called methane, ethane, propane and butane. Names of the higher members of this series consist of a numerical prefix and the termination ‘-ane’... Examples:..6 Hexane. 7 Heptane... 20 Eicosane.

eicoˈsanic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsanɪk/

U.S.

/ˌaɪkəˈsænɪk/

in eicosanic acid, = eicosanoic adj.

ΚΠ

1923 Chem. Abstr. 17 2560 Normal eicosanic acid is found in nature in the oil of Nephelium lappaceum J. as a glyceride.

1953 I. Heilbron & H. M. Bunbury Dict. Org. Compounds (rev. ed.) II. 464 n- Eicosanic Acid (Arachidic acid, n-nonadecane-1-carboxylic acid, eicosoic acid, eicosanoic acid).

eicosaˈnoic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkɒsəˈnəʊɪk/

/ʌɪˌkɒsəˈnəʊɪk/

U.S.

/aɪˌkɑsəˈnoʊɪk/

in eicosanoic acid, a saturated fatty acid, C₁₉H₃₉COOH, of which the normal isomer (also called arachidic acid) is a waxy solid present in small amounts in many natural oils and fats.

ΚΠ

1924 Chem. Abstr. 18 Index 4318/2 Eicosanoic acid. See Arachidic acid.

1948 A. W. Ralston Fatty Acids i. 44 The vegetable oils generally contain less than 1% of eicosanoic acid.

1948 A. W. Ralston Fatty Acids i. 44 Coffee bean oil contains 2·11% of eicosanoic acid..and peanut oils from 3 to 4%.

eicosenic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsiːnɪk/

U.S.

/ˌaɪkəˈsinɪk/

[translating German eikosensäure (M. Bodenstein 1894, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 28 3403)] in eicosenic acid, = eicosenoic adj.

ΚΠ

1895 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 68 i. 127 Icosenic acid, C₂₀H₃₈O₂, is formed when behenolic acid is heated with fused caustic potash at 250–270°.

1953 I. Heilbron & H. M. Bunbury Dict. Org. Compounds (rev. ed.) II. 464 Δ¹⁰-Eicosenic Acid (Eicosenoic acid).

eicoseˈnoic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkɒsᵻˈnəʊɪk/

/ʌɪˌkɒsᵻˈnəʊɪk/

/ˌʌɪkɒsɛˈnəʊɪk/

/ʌɪˌkɒsɛˈnəʊɪk/

U.S.

/aɪˌkɑsəˈnoʊɪk/

in eicosenoic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, C₁₉H₃₇COOH, of which one isomer, 9-eicosenic acid (gadoleic acid), is a minor constituent of many fish oils and another, 11-eicosenic acid, occurs in the wax of certain plant seeds.

ΚΠ

1936 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 1755 The fatty matter present in the seeds of Simmondsia californica Nutt...is a mixture of wax-esters, and not glycerides... The chief acid is Δ^11:12-eicosenoic.

1951 A. W. Johnson et al. in E. H. Rodd Chem. Carbon Compounds I a. ix. 640 9-Eicosenoic acid, gadoleic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₉CH:CH(CH₂)₇COOH is a common component of fish and marine animal oils such as herring and shark liver oil.

1954 E. W. Eckey Veg. Fats & Oils xiv. 435 Investigations made after eicosenoic acid had been isolated from rapeseed oil and shown to exist in substantial proportion in hare's ear mustard oil confirmed the presence of this C₂₀ monoethenoic acid in rapeseed oil and indicated that it occurs generally in oils of the Cruciferae.

eicoˈsoic adj.

Brit.

/ˌʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsəʊɪk/

U.S.

/ˌaɪkəˈsoʊɪk/

in eicosoic acid, = eicosanoic adj.

ΚΠ

1923 Chem. Abstr. 17 Index 4447/2 Eicosoic acid (eicosanic acid), n-.

1951 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. ix. 144 Some still higher acids are found in waxes: arachidic (eicosoic), C₂₀H₄₀O₂ (m.p. 77°), behenic (docosoic), C₂₂H₄₄O₂ (m.p. 82°), [etc.].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	icos-
释义	icos-icosa-icosi-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. 1. representing Greek combining forms of εἴκοσι twenty, used in English in several technical terms (see below). Categories » icosacolic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkɒsəˈkəʊlɪk/ , /ʌɪˌkɒsəˈkəʊlɪk/ , U.S. /aɪˌkoʊsəˈkoʊlɪk/ , /aɪˌkɑsəˈkoʊlɪk/ [ < Greek εἰκοσάκωλος, < κῶλον member, clause, colon n.²] Classical Prosody consisting of twenty cola, or members. Categories » icosasemic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkɒsəˈsiːmɪk/ , /ʌɪˈkɒsəˈsiːmɪk/ , U.S. /aɪˌkoʊsəˈsimɪk/ , /aɪˌkɑsəˈsimɪk/ [ < Greek σῆμα mark, σημεῖον mark, mora] Classical Prosody consisting of or containing twenty moræ or units of time, i.e. the equivalent of twenty short syllables. icosian adj. Brit. /ʌɪˈkəʊsɪən/ , U.S. /aɪˈkoʊsiən/ of or pertaining to twenty. 2. In Chemistry (usually spelt eicos-) denoting the presence in a molecule of twenty atoms of some element (usually carbon). [Apparently first so used in German eikosylen (Lippmann and Hawliczek 1879, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 12 72).] ˈeicosane n. Brit. /ˈʌɪkə(ʊ)seɪn/ , U.S. /ˈaɪkəˌseɪn/ [-ane suffix² 2] a hydrocarbon, C₂₀H₄₂, of the paraffin (alkane) series, esp. the normal isomer. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes > straight-chained by number of carbon atoms > twenty eicosane1889 1889 G. M'Gowan tr. A. Bernthsen Text-bk. Org. Chem. 34 (table) C₂₀H₄₂. Eicosane. 1889 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. (rev. ed.) II. 746/1 Icosane C₂₀H₄₂... Formed by reduction of the dichloride of heptyl tridecyl ketone with HI and P. 1948 A. W. Ralston Fatty Acids xi. 882 The following are the melting and boiling points which have been reported for the higher normal saturated hydrocarbons: nonadecane, C₁₉H₄₀, 32°, —; eicosane, C₂₀H₄₂, 38°, b_0·5 148°; [etc.]. 1966 Nomencl. Org. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) (ed. 2) A. 6 The first four saturated unbranched acyclic hydrocarbons are called methane, ethane, propane and butane. Names of the higher members of this series consist of a numerical prefix and the termination ‘-ane’... Examples:..6 Hexane. 7 Heptane... 20 Eicosane. eicoˈsanic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsanɪk/ , U.S. /ˌaɪkəˈsænɪk/ in eicosanic acid, = eicosanoic adj. ΚΠ 1923 Chem. Abstr. 17 2560 Normal eicosanic acid is found in nature in the oil of Nephelium lappaceum J. as a glyceride. 1953 I. Heilbron & H. M. Bunbury Dict. Org. Compounds (rev. ed.) II. 464 n- Eicosanic Acid (Arachidic acid, n-nonadecane-1-carboxylic acid, eicosoic acid, eicosanoic acid). eicosaˈnoic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkɒsəˈnəʊɪk/ , /ʌɪˌkɒsəˈnəʊɪk/ , U.S. /aɪˌkɑsəˈnoʊɪk/ in eicosanoic acid, a saturated fatty acid, C₁₉H₃₉COOH, of which the normal isomer (also called arachidic acid) is a waxy solid present in small amounts in many natural oils and fats. ΚΠ 1924 Chem. Abstr. 18 Index 4318/2 Eicosanoic acid. See Arachidic acid. 1948 A. W. Ralston Fatty Acids i. 44 The vegetable oils generally contain less than 1% of eicosanoic acid. 1948 A. W. Ralston Fatty Acids i. 44 Coffee bean oil contains 2·11% of eicosanoic acid..and peanut oils from 3 to 4%. eicosenic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsiːnɪk/ , U.S. /ˌaɪkəˈsinɪk/ [translating German eikosensäure (M. Bodenstein 1894, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 28 3403)] in eicosenic acid, = eicosenoic adj. ΚΠ 1895 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 68 i. 127 Icosenic acid, C₂₀H₃₈O₂, is formed when behenolic acid is heated with fused caustic potash at 250–270°. 1953 I. Heilbron & H. M. Bunbury Dict. Org. Compounds (rev. ed.) II. 464 Δ¹⁰-Eicosenic Acid (Eicosenoic acid). eicoseˈnoic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkɒsᵻˈnəʊɪk/ , /ʌɪˌkɒsᵻˈnəʊɪk/ , /ˌʌɪkɒsɛˈnəʊɪk/ , /ʌɪˌkɒsɛˈnəʊɪk/ , U.S. /aɪˌkɑsəˈnoʊɪk/ in eicosenoic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, C₁₉H₃₇COOH, of which one isomer, 9-eicosenic acid (gadoleic acid), is a minor constituent of many fish oils and another, 11-eicosenic acid, occurs in the wax of certain plant seeds. ΚΠ 1936 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 1755 The fatty matter present in the seeds of Simmondsia californica Nutt...is a mixture of wax-esters, and not glycerides... The chief acid is Δ^11:12-eicosenoic. 1951 A. W. Johnson et al. in E. H. Rodd Chem. Carbon Compounds I a. ix. 640 9-Eicosenoic acid, gadoleic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₉CH:CH(CH₂)₇COOH is a common component of fish and marine animal oils such as herring and shark liver oil. 1954 E. W. Eckey Veg. Fats & Oils xiv. 435 Investigations made after eicosenoic acid had been isolated from rapeseed oil and shown to exist in substantial proportion in hare's ear mustard oil confirmed the presence of this C₂₀ monoethenoic acid in rapeseed oil and indicated that it occurs generally in oils of the Cruciferae. eicoˈsoic adj. Brit. /ˌʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsəʊɪk/ , U.S. /ˌaɪkəˈsoʊɪk/ in eicosoic acid, = eicosanoic adj. ΚΠ 1923 Chem. Abstr. 17 Index 4447/2 Eicosoic acid (eicosanic acid), n-. 1951 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. ix. 144 Some still higher acids are found in waxes: arachidic (eicosoic), C₂₀H₄₀O₂ (m.p. 77°), behenic (docosoic), C₂₂H₄₄O₂ (m.p. 82°), [etc.]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1889
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