iconn.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪkɒn/,

/ˈʌɪkən/, U.S.

/ˈaɪˌkɑn/

Forms: Also ikon, eikon.

Etymology: < late Latin īcōn (Pliny), < Greek εἰκών, εἰκον- likeness, image, portrait, semblance, similitude, simile, < *εἴκειν to be like.

†1.

a. An image, figure, or representation; a portrait; a picture, ‘cut’, or illustration in a book; esp. applied to the ‘figures’ of animals, plants, etc. in books of Natural History. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation

ylikenesseOE

likenessOE

anlikenessOE

ylikeOE

imagec1300

acornc1388

portraiturea1393

resemblancea1393

semblanta1400

counterfeitc1400

shapec1400

statuec1405

representation1477

presentationa1513

presentment1535

effigy1539

porture1542

express1553

effigium1564

representance1565

designment1570

icon1572

mimesisa1586

effigies1615

expressurea1616

represent1615

signature1618

proportion1678

representative1766

rendering1825

buggerlugs1839

effigiation1876

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie iii. f. 23^v The Icon, or forme of the same birde, I haue caused thus to bee figured.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. v. vii. 179/1 The two first ensuing Icones or Portraitures.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. xvii. 258 He is set forth in the Icons or Cuts of Martyrs by Cevallerius.

1710 Salmon (title) Botanologia..beautifully adorned with exquisite Icons or Figures of the most considerable Species.

1727 S. Switzer Pract. Kitchen Gardiner iii. xxvii. 143 The same that the Herbals have left both the icons and description of.

b. An image in the solid; a monumental figure; a statue.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue

likenessOE

imagec1225

figurea1300

signa1382

statuea1393

staturea1393

statutea1393

statutec1430

statuac1450

picture1517

idol1548

portraiture1548

pattern1582

portrait1585

icon1587

monument1594

simulacrum1599

statuary1599

plastic1686

make1890

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 85/2 The pope ment by causing such ikons to be erected, to prefer Thomas as a perpetuall saint to all posterities.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 225 Returne him in pure gold the Icon of an Elephant, Cammell, or Dromedary.

1885 Athenæum 4 Apr. 445 Otto of Brunswick in Hildesheim Church..whose monumental icon is figured here.

1885 Athenæum 4 Apr. 445 The monumental statues of Queen Eleanor of Castile wear the wimple exactly as this icon of Ingeborg wears it.

c. Computing. A small symbolic picture of a physical object on a computer screen, esp. one that represents a particular option and can be selected to exercise that option.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > [noun] > user interface > symbol on

arrow1977

icon1982

1982 Computerworld 29 Sept. 70/2 Star's screen displays black characters on a white background. These are known as icons on the Star and are equivalent to the familiar physical object in an office.

1984 Austral. Micro Computerworld Feb. 13/2 The PCjr is menu-driven, using icons to identify the programs available.

1984 Sounds 1 Dec. 60/4 Once loaded, the program reveals its basic areas and functions. These are set out on the Control Screen as ‘icons’, or symbols that correspond to the five..musical activities that the program will tackle.

1985 Sci. Amer. Sept. 13/2 Unfortunately bitblt in this form cannot use the solid crab icon produced by the pencil exercise described above.

2. Orthodox Church. A representation of some sacred personage, in painting, bas-relief, or mosaic, itself regarded as sacred, and honoured with a relative worship or adoration.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > symbol (general) > Christian symbols or images > [noun]

shrine1594

icon1833

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > quality of inspiring reverence > [noun] > object

relic?c1225

relica1400

shrinec1460

idol1484

icon1833

1833 R. Pinkerton Russia 227 Behind them were carried..six censers, and six sacred ikons.

1864 W. T. Greive in F. Galton Vacation Tourists & Trav. 1862–3 428 It is beneath the icon of the Blessed Virgin that women kneel during the office of Churching.

1877 D. M. Wallace Russia iv. 98 Icons are pictorial half-length representations of the Saviour, of the Madonna, or of a saint, executed in archaic Byzantine style, on a yellow or gold ground... Very often the whole picture with the exception of the face and hands of the figure is covered with a metal plaque embossed so as to represent the form of the figure and the drapery.

1879 H. S. Edwards Russians I. 90 The believer is expressly cautioned against such an abuse of the holy eikons.

†3.

a. Rhetoric. A simile. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [noun] > simile

ylikenessOE

likenessc1175

comparisona1382

similec1400

similitudec1400

resemblancec1405

analogya1536

likening1573

parabola1577

icon1589

parabole1828

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 205 Icon, or resemblance by imagerie.

1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 148 Metaphores are contracted similitudes. To which if the note be added, it is called Icon.

1676 T. Hobbes in tr. Homer Iliads To Rdr. The perfection and curiosity of descriptions, which the ancient writers of eloquence call icones, that is images.

b. Philosophy. (See quot. 1934.) Also transferred.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > philosophy of language > language theories of individual philosophers > [noun] > elements of the philosophy of C. S. Peirce

thirdnessc1875

predesignation1883

tychism1892

interpretantc1905

icona1914

qualisigna1914

Peirce's Law1934

the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > unit of meaning > [noun] > sign > icon

icona1914

a1914 C. S. Peirce Coll. Papers (1931) I. iii. iii. 195 It has been found that there are three kinds of signs which are all indispensable in all reasoning; the first is the diagrammatic sign or icon, which exhibits a similarity or analogy to the subject of discourse.

a1914 C. S. Peirce Coll. Papers (1931) I. iii. iii. 196 There may be a mere relation of reason between the sign and the thing signified; in that case, the sign is an icon.

1934 Mind 43 497 An icon is a sign which represents its object by virtue of having some character in common with the object: the colour of a colour-card as representing the colour of the object which it resembles is an icon, and a map as representing spatial relations is an icon.

1949 Poetry (Chicago) Jan. 234 Icons, images, which are the aesthetic signs of the poem, analogous to the symbolic signs of scientific discourses; they have, as signs, semantic objects, or refer to objects, and, in addition, as iconic signs, resemble those objects.

1954 W. K. Wimsatt Verbal Icon (1967) p. x The term icon is used to-day by semeiotic writers to refer to a verbal sign which somehow shares the properties of, or resembles, the objects which it denotes.

4. A realistic representation or description in writing. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] > complete, exact, or detailed > a detailed description

icon1579

particularc1600

character1651

detail1695

1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Feb. 102 Gloss. This tale of the Oake and the Brere..is very excellente for pleasaunt descriptions, being altogether a certaine Icon or Hypotyposis of disdainfull younkers.

1852 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 19 592 A good book is a perfect icon, a faithful picture and representation of nature and human life.

Compounds

icon-stand n. = iconostasis n.

Draft additions June 2001

A person or thing regarded as a representative symbol, esp. of a culture or movement; a person, institution, etc., considered worthy of admiration or respect. Frequently with modifying word.

ΚΠ

1952 C. S. Holmes in Pacific Spectator Spring 248/2 ‘The Diamond as Big as the Ritz’, the work of a high-spirited young man turning a critical eye upon a national icon, satirically fabulizes the American Mr. Moneybags.

1975 Business Week (Nexis) 12 May 74 A large number of freshmen Congressmen sympathetic to knocking down institutional icons such as the ICC and CAB.

1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Electronic ed.) 11 Feb. b11 Defining his icons as cultural phenomena, Wolfe devotes a chapter each to the spaceship, the city, the wasteland, the robot, and the monster.

1988 Sci. Amer. Feb. 67/3 Already an icon for young Indian intellectuals, the 32-year-old Ramanujan died on April 26, 1920.

1995 Hispanic Mar. 36/1 An American icon, the pickup truck has evolved from its role as a functional, less-than-glamorous work vehicle, into the sporty, headline-grabbing image of models like the Ford Bronco.

2000 Sunday Mail (Electronic ed.) 2 Jan. Hollywood's female gay icons Jodie Foster, Susan Sarandon and Jamie Lee Curtis.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	icon
释义	iconn. Brit. /ˈʌɪkɒn/, /ˈʌɪkən/, U.S. /ˈaɪˌkɑn/ Forms: Also ikon, eikon. Etymology: < late Latin īcōn (Pliny), < Greek εἰκών, εἰκον- likeness, image, portrait, semblance, similitude, simile, < εἴκειν to be like. †1. a. An image, figure, or representation; a portrait; a picture, ‘cut’, or illustration in a book; esp. applied to the ‘figures’ of animals, plants, etc. in books of Natural History. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation ylikenesseOE likenessOE anlikenessOE ylikeOE imagec1300 acornc1388 portraiturea1393 resemblancea1393 semblanta1400 counterfeitc1400 shapec1400 statuec1405 representation1477 presentationa1513 presentment1535 effigy1539 porture1542 express1553 effigium1564 representance1565 designment1570 icon1572 mimesisa1586 effigies1615 expressurea1616 represent1615 signature1618 proportion1678 representative1766 rendering1825 buggerlugs1839 effigiation1876 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie* iii. f. 23^v The Icon, or forme of the same birde, I haue caused thus to bee figured. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. v. vii. 179/1 The two first ensuing Icones or Portraitures. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica v. xvii. 258 He is set forth in the Icons or Cuts of Martyrs by Cevallerius. View more context for this quotation 1710 Salmon (title) Botanologia..beautifully adorned with exquisite Icons or Figures of the most considerable Species. 1727 S. Switzer Pract. Kitchen Gardiner iii. xxvii. 143 The same that the Herbals have left both the icons and description of. b. An image in the solid; a monumental figure; a statue. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue likenessOE imagec1225 figurea1300 signa1382 statuea1393 staturea1393 statutea1393 statutec1430 statuac1450 picture1517 idol1548 portraiture1548 pattern1582 portrait1585 icon1587 monument1594 simulacrum1599 statuary1599 plastic1686 make1890 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 85/2 The pope ment by causing such ikons to be erected, to prefer Thomas as a perpetuall saint to all posterities. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 225 Returne him in pure gold the Icon of an Elephant, Cammell, or Dromedary. 1885 Athenæum 4 Apr. 445 Otto of Brunswick in Hildesheim Church..whose monumental icon is figured here. 1885 Athenæum 4 Apr. 445 The monumental statues of Queen Eleanor of Castile wear the wimple exactly as this icon of Ingeborg wears it. c. Computing. A small symbolic picture of a physical object on a computer screen, esp. one that represents a particular option and can be selected to exercise that option. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > [noun] > user interface > symbol on arrow1977 icon1982 1982 Computerworld 29 Sept. 70/2 Star's screen displays black characters on a white background. These are known as icons on the Star and are equivalent to the familiar physical object in an office. 1984 Austral. Micro Computerworld Feb. 13/2 The PCjr is menu-driven, using icons to identify the programs available. 1984 Sounds 1 Dec. 60/4 Once loaded, the program reveals its basic areas and functions. These are set out on the Control Screen as ‘icons’, or symbols that correspond to the five..musical activities that the program will tackle. 1985 Sci. Amer. Sept. 13/2 Unfortunately bitblt in this form cannot use the solid crab icon produced by the pencil exercise described above. 2. Orthodox Church. A representation of some sacred personage, in painting, bas-relief, or mosaic, itself regarded as sacred, and honoured with a relative worship or adoration. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > symbol (general) > Christian symbols or images > [noun] shrine1594 icon1833 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > quality of inspiring reverence > [noun] > object relic?c1225 relica1400 shrinec1460 idol1484 icon1833 1833 R. Pinkerton Russia 227 Behind them were carried..six censers, and six sacred ikons. 1864 W. T. Greive in F. Galton Vacation Tourists & Trav. 1862–3 428 It is beneath the icon of the Blessed Virgin that women kneel during the office of Churching. 1877 D. M. Wallace Russia iv. 98 Icons are pictorial half-length representations of the Saviour, of the Madonna, or of a saint, executed in archaic Byzantine style, on a yellow or gold ground... Very often the whole picture with the exception of the face and hands of the figure is covered with a metal plaque embossed so as to represent the form of the figure and the drapery. 1879 H. S. Edwards Russians I. 90 The believer is expressly cautioned against such an abuse of the holy eikons. †3. a. Rhetoric. A simile. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [noun] > simile ylikenessOE likenessc1175 comparisona1382 similec1400 similitudec1400 resemblancec1405 analogya1536 likening1573 parabola1577 icon1589 parabole1828 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 205 Icon, or resemblance by imagerie. 1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 148 Metaphores are contracted similitudes. To which if the note be added, it is called Icon. 1676 T. Hobbes in tr. Homer Iliads To Rdr. The perfection and curiosity of descriptions, which the ancient writers of eloquence call icones, that is images. b. Philosophy. (See quot. 1934.) Also transferred. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > philosophy of language > language theories of individual philosophers > [noun] > elements of the philosophy of C. S. Peirce thirdnessc1875 predesignation1883 tychism1892 interpretantc1905 icona1914 qualisigna1914 Peirce's Law1934 the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > unit of meaning > [noun] > sign > icon icona1914 a1914 C. S. Peirce Coll. Papers (1931) I. iii. iii. 195 It has been found that there are three kinds of signs which are all indispensable in all reasoning; the first is the diagrammatic sign or icon, which exhibits a similarity or analogy to the subject of discourse. a1914 C. S. Peirce Coll. Papers (1931) I. iii. iii. 196 There may be a mere relation of reason between the sign and the thing signified; in that case, the sign is an icon. 1934 Mind 43 497 An icon is a sign which represents its object by virtue of having some character in common with the object: the colour of a colour-card as representing the colour of the object which it resembles is an icon, and a map as representing spatial relations is an icon. 1949 Poetry (Chicago) Jan. 234 Icons, images, which are the aesthetic signs of the poem, analogous to the symbolic signs of scientific discourses; they have, as signs, semantic objects, or refer to objects, and, in addition, as iconic signs, resemble those objects. 1954 W. K. Wimsatt Verbal Icon (1967) p. x The term icon is used to-day by semeiotic writers to refer to a verbal sign which somehow shares the properties of, or resembles, the objects which it denotes. 4. A realistic representation or description in writing. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [noun] > complete, exact, or detailed > a detailed description icon1579 particularc1600 character1651 detail1695 1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Feb. 102 Gloss. This tale of the Oake and the Brere..is very excellente for pleasaunt descriptions, being altogether a certaine Icon or Hypotyposis of disdainfull younkers. 1852 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 19 592 A good book is a perfect icon, a faithful picture and representation of nature and human life. Compounds icon-stand n. = iconostasis n. Draft additions June 2001 A person or thing regarded as a representative symbol, esp. of a culture or movement; a person, institution, etc., considered worthy of admiration or respect. Frequently with modifying word. ΚΠ 1952 C. S. Holmes in Pacific Spectator Spring 248/2 ‘The Diamond as Big as the Ritz’, the work of a high-spirited young man turning a critical eye upon a national icon, satirically fabulizes the American Mr. Moneybags. 1975 Business Week (Nexis) 12 May 74 A large number of freshmen Congressmen sympathetic to knocking down institutional icons such as the ICC and CAB. 1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Electronic ed.) 11 Feb. b11 Defining his icons as cultural phenomena, Wolfe devotes a chapter each to the spaceship, the city, the wasteland, the robot, and the monster. 1988 Sci. Amer. Feb. 67/3 Already an icon for young Indian intellectuals, the 32-year-old Ramanujan died on April 26, 1920. 1995 Hispanic Mar. 36/1 An American icon, the pickup truck has evolved from its role as a functional, less-than-glamorous work vehicle, into the sporty, headline-grabbing image of models like the Ford Bronco. 2000 Sunday Mail (Electronic ed.) 2 Jan. Hollywood's female gay icons Jodie Foster, Susan Sarandon and Jamie Lee Curtis. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1572
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