holdfastadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈhəʊl(d)fɑːst/,

/ˈhəʊl(d)fast/, U.S.

/ˈhoʊl(d)ˌfæst/

Etymology: < hold fast: see hold v. 2 + fast adv. and int.

A. adj.

1. That holds fast (literal and figurative); having a firm hold or grasp; persistent.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > perseverance or persistence > [adjective]

unwearyc893

unwearieda1240

perseverant1340

continuing1393

persevering?a1425

importunate1477

infatigable?1510

unfatigablec1550

persisting1552

unweariable1561

holdfast1567

indefatigable1586

patient1590

faintless1593

untired1597

untired1600

assidual1605

unrelenting1606

persistive1609

unwearyinga1614

hard1615

indefesse1621

constant1639

assiduous1660

dogged1700

unremitting1730

inexhaustible1762

unremitted1774

untiring1823

persistent1830

sleuth1864

tug-like1890

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > [adjective]

fastOE

sickera1400

branded1535

holdfast1567

firm1600

defixed1652

tight1687

anchored1789

well-reeved1812

hardfast1878

hand-tight1881

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 57 The Pine tree is called holdfast or pitchie tre.

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. E2 In his hold-fast foot the weak mouse panteth.

1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 8 With hold-fast armes of euer-lasting loue.

1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket ii. ii. 104 Only the golden Leopard printed in it Such hold-fast claws.

†2. Tenacious of what one has. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > [adjective] > having quality of retaining > keeping or maintaining persistently

holdfast1564

fast1611

tenacious1640

1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Catech. & Other Pieces (1844) 399 So hold fast and wedded to the world, that whatsoever they can get, they so hoard it up.

B. n.

1. The action or fact of holding fast; firm or sure grasp. literal and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > [noun] > firmness of hold > grip or grasp > firm or secure grasp or hold

handfast?1548

holdfast1578

cincha1910

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lviii. 84 The Strawberrie..creepeth alongst the ground, and taketh roote and holdefast.

1628 W. Prynne Vnlouelinesse of Louelockes 7 They serue..but to giue the Deuill holdfast, to draw vs by them into Hell.

1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 119 The Nature of Ground as to the hold-fast of Anchors.

1862 C. A. Johns Brit. Birds (1874) 29 Secure of its holdfast, it allows its victim no chance of escape.

2. Something to which one may hold fast or which affords a secure hold or support. (In some of the figurative uses perhaps to be referred to sense B. 4)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > (a) handhold

stayc1515

holdfast1566

hand rest1819

handlebar1844

handhold1845

grasp-hold1851

grab bar1959

1566 T. Stapleton Returne Vntruthes Jewelles Replie i. 8 We will trie farder what sure holdefast he hath to staie him self thereon.

1688 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes iv. 187 Nature..has furnished the several sorts of teeth with holdfasts, suitable to the stress..they may be put to.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §121 We should then have lost the rock as a Holdfast, and Buttress against the great South-west seas.

1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling vi. 202 The sedge and alder being great holdfasts.

3. One that holds fast:

†a. A stingy or hard-fisted person; a miser. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person

nithinga1225

chinch?a1300

nigc1300

chincher1333

shut-purse1340

niggardc1384

haynec1386

nigona1400

pinchera1425

pinchpenny?c1425

pynepenya1450

pelt1511

chincherda1529

churl1535

pinchbeck1538

carl?1542

penny-father1549

nipfarthing1566

nipper?1573

holdfast1576

pinchpence1577

pinch fistc1580

pinchfart1592

shit-sticks1598

clunchfist1606

puckfist1606

sharp-nose1611

spare-good1611

crib1622

hog grubber?1626

dry-fist1633

clusterfist1652

niggardling1654

frummer1659

scrat1699

sting-hum1699

nipcheese1785

pincha1825

screw1825

wire-drawer1828

close-fist1861

penny-pincher1875

nip-skin1876

parer1887

pinch-plum1892

cheapskate1899

meanie1902

tightwad1906

stinge1914

penny-peeler1925

mean1938

stiff1967

1576 A. Fleming tr. P. Manutius in Panoplie Epist. 320 I may sooner wring Hercules his clubbe perforce out of his fist, then get mine owne monie out of the hands of this injurious holdfast.

1660 tr. M. Amyraut Treat. conc. Relig. i. v. 60 A great Miser and hold-fast.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Hold-fast..is also commonly taken for a griping covetous Wretch.

b. As name for a dog that holds tenaciously.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [noun] > defined by actions or habitat

port-dogOE

port-houndOE

cochour14..

water dogc1400

sheep-biter1548

holdfast1600

devil dog1642

land-dog1665

junkyard dog1936

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. iii. 48 Holdfast is the only dog.

1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 197. ⁋3 When I envied the finery of any of my neighbours, [my mother] told me that ‘Brag was a good dog, but Holdfast was a better’.

1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations I. xviii. 294 Brag is a good dog, but Holdfast is a better.

a. Something that holds fast, binds, supports, or keeps together; spec. a staple, hook, clamp, or bolt securing a part of a building or other structure.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hook

crotchetc1430

holdfast1575

fimble1597

hooklet1836

the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports

staffc1000

hold1042

source1359

legc1380

shorer1393

stabilimenta1398

upholder1398

sustentationa1400

undersetterc1400

bearinga1425

undersettinga1425

suppowellc1430

triclinec1440

sustentaclec1451

supportera1475

sustainerc1475

sustenal1483

stayc1515

buttress1535

underpinning1538

firmament1554

countenance1565

support1570

appuia1573

comfort1577

hypostasis1577

underpropping1586

porter1591

supportation1593

supportance1597

understaya1603

bearer1607

rest1609

upsetter1628

mountinga1630

sustent1664

underlay1683

holdfast1706

abutment1727

suppeditor1728

mount1739

monture1746

bed1793

appoggiatura1833

bracing1849

bench1850

under-pinner1859

bolster-piece1860

sustainer1873

table mount1923

1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxii. 196 You may take them out aliue with your holdfasts or clampes.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xiv. xi. 27 The insoluble bond and hold-fast of necessitie, binding the pride of mortall men.

a1652 I. Jones Most Notable Antiq. called Stone-Heng (1655) 70 They united..the stones together, by certain ligatures or holdfasts.

1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 60 The Hold fast..to keep the work fast upon the Bench whiles you either Saw, Tennant, Mortess, or sometimes Plain upon it.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Hold-fast, an Iron Hook in shape of the Letter S fix'd in a Wall to support it; also a Joyner's Tool.

1783 Philos. Trans. 1782 (Royal Soc.) 72 367 This hip-pole was supported..by an iron-strap, or holdfast.

1803 Trans. Soc. Arts 21 349 The pole..passes through the strong holdfasts in the braces.

1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 986 Holdfast, a long nail, with a flat short head for securing objects to a wall.

1877 C. W. Thomson Voy. ‘Challenger’ I. i. 14 The Microscopes are secured to the table by brass holdfasts like those in common use on carpenters' benches.

b. Botany. An organ for superficial attachment developed by some algae and fungi.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of

pileus1760

hat1775

rind1788

spherule1796

Rhizomorpha1802

stipe1821

peridium1823

umbo1836

ambrosia1840

holdfast1841

rhizomorph1848

peridiole1857

trama1857

pileole1858

pileolus1858

byssus1866

rhabdus1866

conidiophore1874

appressorium1897

1841 W. H. Harvey Man. Brit. Algæ p. xiv Most Algæ are, at some period of their growth, found attached to other substances by means of a root, or at least a hold-fast.

1895 G. Murray Introd. Study Seaweeds 23 The sculpturing of outward form reaches its highest point in the differentiation..of a root-like holdfast.

1902 Science Jan. 59/2 Kelp hold-fasts, of which none grow in the immediate vicinity, were taken in abundance by the dredge.

1930 H. M. Fitzpatrick Lower Fungi: Phycomycetes iii. 45 In the typical epibiotic species (Rhizidiaceæ) the germ tube of the cytospore acts as a holdfast.

1931 L. Newton Handbk. Brit. Seaweeds p. vi One of the main factors affecting the distribution of algæ is the securing of a suitable holdfast.

1962 C. J. Alexopoulos Introd. Mycol. (ed. 2) x. 213 The basal part of the hypha [of members of the order Eccrinales] is in the form of a disc-like holdfast by means of which the fungus is attached to the host.

1966 F. H. Brightman Oxf. Bk. Flowerless Plants 6/2 The holdfast is disc-shaped, but root-like structures also develop from the base of the stalk.

1971 Where July 202/2 They are the lovely coloured seaweeds or algae, with their interestingly-named parts: the ‘holdfast’ which forms the root, and the ‘thallus’ or fronds which make up the body.

Derivatives

ˈholdfastness n. tenacity, persistency.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > perseverance or persistence > [noun]

beleaving1340

continuationc1374

improbityc1380

perseveringc1380

perseverancec1384

continuancec1405

perseverationa1500

patience1517

constancea1533

importunity1533

persistence1546

persisting1576

going-on1578

persistency1600

constancy1623

stickle1652

rubbing shift1675

doggedness1824

stick-to-itiveness1859

persistiveness1864

holdfastness1869

continuativeness1881

stick-to-itness1881

1869 S. Bowles Our New West 466 A healthy copartnership of American enterprise and enthusiasm, and English solidity and holdfastness.

1897 Harper's Mag. Apr. 724 The Belgians..combining the vivacity and quick wit of the Latin races with a sturdy energy and holdfastness.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	holdfast
释义	holdfastadj.n. Brit. /ˈhəʊl(d)fɑːst/, /ˈhəʊl(d)fast/, U.S. /ˈhoʊl(d)ˌfæst/ Etymology: < hold fast: see hold v. 2 + fast adv. and int. A. adj. 1. That holds fast (literal and figurative); having a firm hold or grasp; persistent. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > perseverance or persistence > [adjective] unwearyc893 unwearieda1240 perseverant1340 continuing1393 persevering?a1425 importunate1477 infatigable?1510 unfatigablec1550 persisting1552 unweariable1561 holdfast1567 indefatigable1586 patient1590 faintless1593 untired1597 untired1600 assidual1605 unrelenting1606 persistive1609 unwearyinga1614 hard1615 indefesse1621 constant1639 assiduous1660 dogged1700 unremitting1730 inexhaustible1762 unremitted1774 untiring1823 persistent1830 sleuth1864 tug-like1890 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > [adjective] fastOE sickera1400 branded1535 holdfast1567 firm1600 defixed1652 tight1687 anchored1789 well-reeved1812 hardfast1878 hand-tight1881 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 57 The Pine tree is called holdfast or pitchie tre. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. E2 In his hold-fast foot the weak mouse panteth. View more context for this quotation 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 8 With hold-fast armes of euer-lasting loue. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket ii. ii. 104 Only the golden Leopard printed in it Such hold-fast claws. †2. Tenacious of what one has. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > [adjective] > having quality of retaining > keeping or maintaining persistently holdfast1564 fast1611 tenacious1640 1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Catech. & Other Pieces (1844) 399 So hold fast and wedded to the world, that whatsoever they can get, they so hoard it up. B. n. 1. The action or fact of holding fast; firm or sure grasp. literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > [noun] > firmness of hold > grip or grasp > firm or secure grasp or hold handfast?1548 holdfast1578 cincha1910 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lviii. 84 The Strawberrie..creepeth alongst the ground, and taketh roote and holdefast. 1628 W. Prynne Vnlouelinesse of Louelockes 7 They serue..but to giue the Deuill holdfast, to draw vs by them into Hell. 1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 119 The Nature of Ground as to the hold-fast of Anchors. 1862 C. A. Johns Brit. Birds (1874) 29 Secure of its holdfast, it allows its victim no chance of escape. 2. Something to which one may hold fast or which affords a secure hold or support. (In some of the figurative uses perhaps to be referred to sense B. 4) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports > (a) handhold stayc1515 holdfast1566 hand rest1819 handlebar1844 handhold1845 grasp-hold1851 grab bar1959 1566 T. Stapleton Returne Vntruthes Jewelles Replie i. 8 We will trie farder what sure holdefast he hath to staie him self thereon. 1688 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes iv. 187 Nature..has furnished the several sorts of teeth with holdfasts, suitable to the stress..they may be put to. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §121 We should then have lost the rock as a Holdfast, and Buttress against the great South-west seas. 1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling vi. 202 The sedge and alder being great holdfasts. 3. One that holds fast: †a. A stingy or hard-fisted person; a miser. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person nithinga1225 chinch?a1300 nigc1300 chincher1333 shut-purse1340 niggardc1384 haynec1386 nigona1400 pinchera1425 pinchpenny?c1425 pynepenya1450 pelt1511 chincherda1529 churl1535 pinchbeck1538 carl?1542 penny-father1549 nipfarthing1566 nipper?1573 holdfast1576 pinchpence1577 pinch fistc1580 pinchfart1592 shit-sticks1598 clunchfist1606 puckfist1606 sharp-nose1611 spare-good1611 crib1622 hog grubber?1626 dry-fist1633 clusterfist1652 niggardling1654 frummer1659 scrat1699 sting-hum1699 nipcheese1785 pincha1825 screw1825 wire-drawer1828 close-fist1861 penny-pincher1875 nip-skin1876 parer1887 pinch-plum1892 cheapskate1899 meanie1902 tightwad1906 stinge1914 penny-peeler1925 mean1938 stiff1967 1576 A. Fleming tr. P. Manutius in Panoplie Epist. 320 I may sooner wring Hercules his clubbe perforce out of his fist, then get mine owne monie out of the hands of this injurious holdfast. 1660 tr. M. Amyraut Treat. conc. Relig. i. v. 60 A great Miser and hold-fast. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Hold-fast..is also commonly taken for a griping covetous Wretch. b. As name for a dog that holds tenaciously. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [noun] > defined by actions or habitat port-dogOE port-houndOE cochour14.. water dogc1400 sheep-biter1548 holdfast1600 devil dog1642 land-dog1665 junkyard dog1936 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. iii. 48 Holdfast is the only dog. 1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 197. ⁋3 When I envied the finery of any of my neighbours, [my mother] told me that ‘Brag was a good dog, but Holdfast was a better’. 1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations I. xviii. 294 Brag is a good dog, but Holdfast is a better. 4. a. Something that holds fast, binds, supports, or keeps together; spec. a staple, hook, clamp, or bolt securing a part of a building or other structure. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hook crotchetc1430 holdfast1575 fimble1597 hooklet1836 the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports staffc1000 hold1042 source1359 legc1380 shorer1393 stabilimenta1398 upholder1398 sustentationa1400 undersetterc1400 bearinga1425 undersettinga1425 suppowellc1430 triclinec1440 sustentaclec1451 supportera1475 sustainerc1475 sustenal1483 stayc1515 buttress1535 underpinning1538 firmament1554 countenance1565 support1570 appuia1573 comfort1577 hypostasis1577 underpropping1586 porter1591 supportation1593 supportance1597 understaya1603 bearer1607 rest1609 upsetter1628 mountinga1630 sustent1664 underlay1683 holdfast1706 abutment1727 suppeditor1728 mount1739 monture1746 bed1793 appoggiatura1833 bracing1849 bench1850 under-pinner1859 bolster-piece1860 sustainer1873 table mount1923 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxii. 196 You may take them out aliue with your holdfasts or clampes. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xiv. xi. 27 The insoluble bond and hold-fast of necessitie, binding the pride of mortall men. a1652 I. Jones Most Notable Antiq. called Stone-Heng (1655) 70 They united..the stones together, by certain ligatures or holdfasts. 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 60 The Hold fast..to keep the work fast upon the Bench whiles you either Saw, Tennant, Mortess, or sometimes Plain upon it. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Hold-fast, an Iron Hook in shape of the Letter S fix'd in a Wall to support it; also a Joyner's Tool. 1783 Philos. Trans. 1782 (Royal Soc.) 72 367 This hip-pole was supported..by an iron-strap, or holdfast. 1803 Trans. Soc. Arts 21 349 The pole..passes through the strong holdfasts in the braces. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 986 Holdfast, a long nail, with a flat short head for securing objects to a wall. 1877 C. W. Thomson Voy. ‘Challenger’ I. i. 14 The Microscopes are secured to the table by brass holdfasts like those in common use on carpenters' benches. b. Botany. An organ for superficial attachment developed by some algae and fungi. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of pileus1760 hat1775 rind1788 spherule1796 Rhizomorpha1802 stipe1821 peridium1823 umbo1836 ambrosia1840 holdfast1841 rhizomorph1848 peridiole1857 trama1857 pileole1858 pileolus1858 byssus1866 rhabdus1866 conidiophore1874 appressorium1897 1841 W. H. Harvey Man. Brit. Algæ p. xiv Most Algæ are, at some period of their growth, found attached to other substances by means of a root, or at least a hold-fast. 1895 G. Murray Introd. Study Seaweeds 23 The sculpturing of outward form reaches its highest point in the differentiation..of a root-like holdfast. 1902 Science Jan. 59/2 Kelp hold-fasts, of which none grow in the immediate vicinity, were taken in abundance by the dredge. 1930 H. M. Fitzpatrick Lower Fungi: Phycomycetes iii. 45 In the typical epibiotic species (Rhizidiaceæ) the germ tube of the cytospore acts as a holdfast. 1931 L. Newton Handbk. Brit. Seaweeds p. vi One of the main factors affecting the distribution of algæ is the securing of a suitable holdfast. 1962 C. J. Alexopoulos Introd. Mycol. (ed. 2) x. 213 The basal part of the hypha [of members of the order Eccrinales] is in the form of a disc-like holdfast by means of which the fungus is attached to the host. 1966 F. H. Brightman Oxf. Bk. Flowerless Plants 6/2 The holdfast is disc-shaped, but root-like structures also develop from the base of the stalk. 1971 Where July 202/2 They are the lovely coloured seaweeds or algae, with their interestingly-named parts: the ‘holdfast’ which forms the root, and the ‘thallus’ or fronds which make up the body. Derivatives ˈholdfastness n. tenacity, persistency. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > perseverance or persistence > [noun] beleaving1340 continuationc1374 improbityc1380 perseveringc1380 perseverancec1384 continuancec1405 perseverationa1500 patience1517 constancea1533 importunity1533 persistence1546 persisting1576 going-on1578 persistency1600 constancy1623 stickle1652 rubbing shift1675 doggedness1824 stick-to-itiveness1859 persistiveness1864 holdfastness1869 continuativeness1881 stick-to-itness1881 1869 S. Bowles Our New West 466 A healthy copartnership of American enterprise and enthusiasm, and English solidity and holdfastness. 1897 Harper's Mag. Apr. 724 The Belgians..combining the vivacity and quick wit of the Latin races with a sturdy energy and holdfastness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1564
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