hierarchyn.

Brit.

/ˈhʌɪ(ə)rɑːki/, U.S.

/ˈhaɪ(ə)ˌrɑrki/

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s ierarchie, ierarchy(e, gerarchie, gerarchy(e, Middle English iherarchye, Middle English–1500s jerarchy(e, (1500s Scottish cherarchy, ierarche). β. 1500s–1600s hierarchie, 1600s– hierarchy.

Etymology: Middle English, < Old French ier- , jerarchie (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), gerarchie (15th cent. in Littré) = Italian gerarchia , < late Latin ierarchia for hierarchia , < Greek ἱεραρχία the power or rule of a ἱεράρχης (hierarch adj. and n.), episcopate. The initial Greek ι-, treated consonantally in late Latin, gave j, g, in the Romanic languages, and so in Middle English The later β forms, like modern French hiérarchie, are directly < Latin hierarchia.

a. Each of the three divisions of angels, every one comprising three orders, in the system of Dionysius the Areopagite: see note s.v. cherub n. Also, the collective body of angels, the angelic host.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > angel > [noun] > race of or collectively

angelkindc1175

baronage1340

hierarchyc1380

host or hosts of heaven1382

angelity1652

the world > the supernatural > deity > angel > [noun] > order of

orderc1225

hierarchyc1380

princehooda1425

choir1641

the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [noun] > hierarchy of

hierarchyc1380

α.

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 338 Þer ben þree ierarchies.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 24 b/1 Saint denys in the booke of gerarchye of holy angellis in the vii chapytre saith.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 253 a/1 Me semed y^t all the Jerarchyes lyft her up.

1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) ii. vii. 33 The hyghest Ierarchye of angels conteynyth thre ordres Seraphin, Cherubyn and Trones.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 164 And as the blisful soune of cherarchy The fowlis song throw confort of the licht.

1528 D. Lindsay Dreme 524 Thir ordouris nyne thay ar full plesandlye Deuydit in to Ierarcheis three.

β. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Aij^v Ministres, whom..he hath constituted to be in diuers degrees called hierarches.1574 T. Newton in tr. G. Gratarolo Direct. Health Magistrates & Studentes Ep. 10 The Lord..conduct you to the ioyes of his glorious hierarchie.1591 R. Greene Maidens Dreame lii I'll place his ghost among the hierarchies.a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 255. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 192 So sang the Hierarchies . a1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 3 in Wks. (1721) II. Thy Boundless Glories in Eternal Light, Angelick Hierarchies to Hymn excite.1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 515 A subordinate order in the heavenly Hierarchy.

b. transferred of other beings: see quots.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > [noun] > hierarchy of

hierarchy1398

the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun] > hierarchy of

hierarchya1656

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) ii. vii. 33 Saynt Denys spekyth of thre Iherarchyes, the fyrste is aboue heuen and stondeth in thre persones [i.e. the Trinity], the second in heuen and stondeth in holy angels. The thyrde vnder heuen and stondyth in prelates.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 274 Trina celi, The thre ierarchyes of heuen, the sonne, the starres, the mone.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) iii. iii. 148 [Lucifer]..ceaseth not still to oppose his Hierarchy to the Celestiall.

1820 J. Keats Ode to Psyche in Lamia & Other Poems 118 Loveliest vision far Of all Olympus' faded hierarchy!

a. Rule or dominion in holy things; priestly rule or government; a system of ecclesiastical rule.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > rule of any class or persons > [noun] > of ecclesiastics

hierarchy1563

hierocracy1794

parsonarchy1830

hierarchism1846

society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > hierarchy > [noun]

hierarchy1563

hierocracy1794

priestdom1799

theocracy1825

hierarchism1846

1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1403/2 Hee speaketh of the Ecclesiasticall Hierarchie or regiment.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 216 The principall stayes and proude pillers of this Ierarchy.

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 509 To reforme Hierarchy by Anarchy, a Remedy worse then the Disease.

1673 H. Hickman Hist. Quinq-articularis 369 Vehement maintainers of Hierarchy and Ceremonies.

1848 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy Past & Present I. ii. i. 116 An unlimited centralisation of ecclesiastical hierarchy.

1851 H. Martineau Introd. Hist. Peace (1877) III. iv. x. 75 A scheme of a hierarchy which might easily become a despotism.

†b. gen. Rule, dominion. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > [noun]

onwaldeOE

wissingc1000

governc1300

shield1338

governaila1382

governancec1384

hierarchy1390

regimenta1393

rulea1393

rulec1405

governationc1410

leadingc1430

governmentc1450

gubernance1455

domination1490

moderation1526

governancy1540

ditiona1552

ruledom1553

rectory1572

sway1586

diocese1596

raj1857

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 145 All the londe aboute, Which stant under his [the king's] gerarchie.

3. concrete. The collective body of ecclesiastical rulers; an organized body of priests or clergy in successive orders or grades.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > hierarchy of

hierarchy1620

society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > hierarchy > [noun] > supporter > collective

hierarchy1620

hierocracy1828

1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent vii. 591 Others placed this Hierarchie in Orders onely, alleadging Dionysius, who in naming the Hierarkes, maketh mention of none but of Deacons, Priests, and Bishops.

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 148 in Justice Vindicated The Pope and all the English Hierarchy conspire with Stephen against Maud.

1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) lxxx. xiii They once rever'd the Hierarchy, And bless'd the Mitre's sacred Power.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xiii. 230 When the hierarchy is afraid of science and education..there is nothing left but to quit.

4. A body of persons or things ranked in grades, orders, or classes, one above another; spec. in Natural Science and Logic, a system or series of terms of successive rank (as classes, orders, genera, species, etc.), used in classification.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > [noun] > quality of being systematic > systematic arrangement > a system or scheme > specific types of system

hierarchy1644

algebra1663

network1839

closed system1896

open system1939

1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) 20 There is a certain scale of duties, there is a certain Hierarchy of upper and lower commands.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. 36 Those who, in the Imperial hierarchy, were distinguished by the title of Respectable, formed an intermediate class between the illustrious præfects and the honourable magistrates of the provinces.

1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. ii. 96 All the world knows how difficult it is..to transfer any person from one social hierarchy into his exact place in another.

1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic iv. 69 We have in each case a hierarchy of Concepts.

1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost xiii. 375 There is a Hierarchy of Being, and God is the Lord of all; and this Hierarchy of Being is also a Hierarchy of Intelligence.

1932 Von Wiese & Becker Systematic Sociol. 355 Whenever persons join or otherwise enter into a plurality pattern they almost invariably take their places in an implicit or explicit hierarchy, and consciously or unconsciously expect the fact that there are ranks above and below them.

1947 Soc. Research XIV. 165 This hierarchy, like any other, is a social order in which human relations are determined by the degree of authority exercised by one group over another.

1961 G. G. Simpson Princ. Animal Taxon. i. 13 A hierarchy is a systematic framework for zoological classification with a sequence of classes (or sets) at different levels in which each class except the lowest includes one or more subordinate classes.

1963 P. H. Davis & V. H. Heywood Princ. Angiosperm Taxon. iii. 75 Before we go on to discuss the taxonomic hierarchy, it will be as well to list the ranks..which are accepted in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	hierarchy
释义	hierarchyn. Brit. /ˈhʌɪ(ə)rɑːki/, U.S. /ˈhaɪ(ə)ˌrɑrki/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s ierarchie, ierarchy(e, gerarchie, gerarchy(e, Middle English iherarchye, Middle English–1500s jerarchy(e, (1500s Scottish cherarchy, ierarche). β. 1500s–1600s hierarchie, 1600s– hierarchy. Etymology: Middle English, < Old French ier- , jerarchie (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), gerarchie (15th cent. in Littré) = Italian gerarchia , < late Latin ierarchia for hierarchia , < Greek ἱεραρχία the power or rule of a ἱεράρχης (hierarch adj. and n.), episcopate. The initial Greek ι-, treated consonantally in late Latin, gave j, g, in the Romanic languages, and so in Middle English The later β forms, like modern French hiérarchie, are directly < Latin hierarchia. 1. a. Each of the three divisions of angels, every one comprising three orders, in the system of Dionysius the Areopagite: see note s.v. cherub n. Also, the collective body of angels, the angelic host. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > angel > [noun] > race of or collectively angelkindc1175 baronage1340 hierarchyc1380 host or hosts of heaven1382 angelity1652 the world > the supernatural > deity > angel > [noun] > order of orderc1225 hierarchyc1380 princehooda1425 choir1641 the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [noun] > hierarchy of hierarchyc1380 α. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 338 Þer ben þree ierarchies. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 24 b/1 Saint denys in the booke of gerarchye of holy angellis in the vii chapytre saith. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 253 a/1 Me semed y^t all the Jerarchyes lyft her up. 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) ii. vii. 33 The hyghest Ierarchye of angels conteynyth thre ordres Seraphin, Cherubyn and Trones. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 164 And as the blisful soune of cherarchy The fowlis song throw confort of the licht. 1528 D. Lindsay Dreme 524 Thir ordouris nyne thay ar full plesandlye Deuydit in to Ierarcheis three. β. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. i. sig. Aij^v Ministres, whom..he hath constituted to be in diuers degrees called hierarches.1574 T. Newton in tr. G. Gratarolo Direct. Health Magistrates & Studentes Ep. 10 The Lord..conduct you to the ioyes of his glorious hierarchie.1591 R. Greene Maidens Dreame lii I'll place his ghost among the hierarchies.a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 255. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 192 So sang the Hierarchies . View more context for this quotationa1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 3 in Wks. (1721) II. Thy Boundless Glories in Eternal Light, Angelick Hierarchies to Hymn excite.1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 515 A subordinate order in the heavenly Hierarchy. b. transferred of other beings: see quots. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > [noun] > hierarchy of hierarchy1398 the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun] > hierarchy of hierarchya1656 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) ii. vii. 33 Saynt Denys spekyth of thre Iherarchyes, the fyrste is aboue heuen and stondeth in thre persones [i.e. the Trinity], the second in heuen and stondeth in holy angels. The thyrde vnder heuen and stondyth in prelates. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 274 Trina celi, The thre ierarchyes of heuen, the sonne, the starres, the mone. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) iii. iii. 148 [Lucifer]..ceaseth not still to oppose his Hierarchy to the Celestiall. 1820 J. Keats Ode to Psyche in Lamia & Other Poems 118 Loveliest vision far Of all Olympus' faded hierarchy! 2. a. Rule or dominion in holy things; priestly rule or government; a system of ecclesiastical rule. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > rule of any class or persons > [noun] > of ecclesiastics hierarchy1563 hierocracy1794 parsonarchy1830 hierarchism1846 society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > hierarchy > [noun] hierarchy1563 hierocracy1794 priestdom1799 theocracy1825 hierarchism1846 1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments 1403/2 Hee speaketh of the Ecclesiasticall Hierarchie or regiment. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 216 The principall stayes and proude pillers of this Ierarchy. 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 509 To reforme Hierarchy by Anarchy, a Remedy worse then the Disease. 1673 H. Hickman Hist. Quinq-articularis 369 Vehement maintainers of Hierarchy and Ceremonies. 1848 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy Past & Present I. ii. i. 116 An unlimited centralisation of ecclesiastical hierarchy. 1851 H. Martineau Introd. Hist. Peace (1877) III. iv. x. 75 A scheme of a hierarchy which might easily become a despotism. †b. gen. Rule, dominion. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > [noun] onwaldeOE wissingc1000 governc1300 shield1338 governaila1382 governancec1384 hierarchy1390 regimenta1393 rulea1393 rulec1405 governationc1410 leadingc1430 governmentc1450 gubernance1455 domination1490 moderation1526 governancy1540 ditiona1552 ruledom1553 rectory1572 sway1586 diocese1596 raj1857 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 145 All the londe aboute, Which stant under his [the king's] gerarchie. 3. concrete. The collective body of ecclesiastical rulers; an organized body of priests or clergy in successive orders or grades. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > [noun] > hierarchy of hierarchy1620 society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > hierarchy > [noun] > supporter > collective hierarchy1620 hierocracy1828 1620 N. Brent tr. P. Sarpi Hist. Councel of Trent vii. 591 Others placed this Hierarchie in Orders onely, alleadging Dionysius, who in naming the Hierarkes, maketh mention of none but of Deacons, Priests, and Bishops. 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 148 in Justice Vindicated The Pope and all the English Hierarchy conspire with Stephen against Maud. 1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) lxxx. xiii They once rever'd the Hierarchy, And bless'd the Mitre's sacred Power. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xiii. 230 When the hierarchy is afraid of science and education..there is nothing left but to quit. 4. A body of persons or things ranked in grades, orders, or classes, one above another; spec. in Natural Science and Logic, a system or series of terms of successive rank (as classes, orders, genera, species, etc.), used in classification. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > [noun] > quality of being systematic > systematic arrangement > a system or scheme > specific types of system hierarchy1644 algebra1663 network1839 closed system1896 open system1939 1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) 20 There is a certain scale of duties, there is a certain Hierarchy of upper and lower commands. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. 36 Those who, in the Imperial hierarchy, were distinguished by the title of Respectable, formed an intermediate class between the illustrious præfects and the honourable magistrates of the provinces. 1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. ii. 96 All the world knows how difficult it is..to transfer any person from one social hierarchy into his exact place in another. 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic iv. 69 We have in each case a hierarchy of Concepts. 1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost xiii. 375 There is a Hierarchy of Being, and God is the Lord of all; and this Hierarchy of Being is also a Hierarchy of Intelligence. 1932 Von Wiese & Becker Systematic Sociol. 355 Whenever persons join or otherwise enter into a plurality pattern they almost invariably take their places in an implicit or explicit hierarchy, and consciously or unconsciously expect the fact that there are ranks above and below them. 1947 Soc. Research XIV. 165 This hierarchy, like any other, is a social order in which human relations are determined by the degree of authority exercised by one group over another. 1961 G. G. Simpson Princ. Animal Taxon. i. 13 A hierarchy is a systematic framework for zoological classification with a sequence of classes (or sets) at different levels in which each class except the lowest includes one or more subordinate classes. 1963 P. H. Davis & V. H. Heywood Princ. Angiosperm Taxon. iii. 75 Before we go on to discuss the taxonomic hierarchy, it will be as well to list the ranks..which are accepted in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1380
随便看	past-saving past-shame past-the-middle-age past-time pasta pasta basica pasta e fagioli pasta fagioli pasta fazool pasta frolla pasta-like pastalike pastance pastas pastcoloured pastcomfort pastcure pastdissecting pastdone pastdue paste paste bodied paste bowl paste brush paste cutter