hingen.
/hɪndʒ/ I. A movable joint, and related uses.
1.
a. The movable joint or mechanism by which a gate or door is hung upon the side-post, so as to be opened or shut by being turned upon it.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hinge > for gate or door
harrec725
hingec1380
vardle1525
harrow1528
engine1552
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of door > [noun] > door fittings > hinge
harrec725
door-band1379
hingec1380
gemew1396
banda1400
gemel1536
gimbal1588
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2181 So harde he bot..þat þe henges boþe barste & þe stapel þar-with out sprong.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. xxvi. 14 As a dore is turned in his heeng; so a sloȝ man in his litle bed.
1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 323 To the iren mongyr for neyles, hokes, and henges, iiij.s. viij.d.
1494–5 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 15 Gilbarto Smyth pro pare de hyngis et hukys xviijd.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie H 436 The Hing [1580 Hinge], or hingell of a gate, ye hooke wheron a dore hangeth.
1592 R. Greene Thirde Pt. Conny-catching sig. C He getteth the doore off the hindges.
c1616 R. C. Certaine Poems in Times' Whistle (1871) 120 Even as the hinges doe the dore vpholde.
1634 in Harper's Mag. (1884) Dec. 12/2 To flinge up alle doores out of hendges.
1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck iii. 47 On brazen hinges, turn'd the silver doors.
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 103 The door upon its hinges groans.
b. The similar mechanism to provide for the turning or moving in a quarter or half revolution of a lid, valve, etc., or of two movable parts upon each other.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hinge
hinglec1325
gemew1396
charnel1488
hirst1513
gimmerc1520
vardle1525
gemel1536
hinge1562
gimmal1605
1562 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 131 She had lost the key of a chest, & desired hym to pull out the nayles of the hindges.
a1602 W. Perkins Cases of Consc. (1619) 144 The frame of a great amphitheater, the two parts whereof were supported onely by two hinges.
1715 Lady M. W. Montagu Basset-table 43 This snuff-box—on the hinge see brilliants shine.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 266 The hinge of the valve [of a pump].
1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour iii. 45 Guards for the face..attached to the cap on each side by hinges to give free movement.
c. Of bellows: see quot. 1852.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > forging equipment > bellows > parts of
tew-iron1399
rock-staff1561
basis1669
twire-pipe1674
rocker1678
tewel1678
wind-hole1688
wind-sucker1688
rostrum1706
muzzle1726
tuyere1781
stirrup1843
hinge1852
tue1883
1852 tr. J. J. Seidel Organ & its Constr. 37 The other ends of the bellows (where they open widest), called the hinges, are provided with double or triple leathering.
d. In Philately: see quot. 1883.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > hobby > collecting stamps > [noun] > stamp hinge or paper for displaying stamp
mount1882
hinge1883
stamp hinge1905
1883 Stamp-Collecting & Exchange 8/2 There is only one really satisfactory process for mounting postage labels, viz., the now almost universal hinge-system. This consists of a piece of thin paper a little smaller than the stamp itself, and affixed to the album with a drop of gum, or, if the hinge be already prepared for adhesion,..no inconvenience or trouble will be experienced.
1892 Stamp Collector Apr. 33 In the earlier days of stamp collecting, before such things as gummed hinges were offered to the collecting public.
1967 Exchange & Mart 20 July 19/4 (advt.) Stamps stay put without stamp hinges, in our brand new plastic stamp album.
1971 D. Potter Brit. Elizabethan Stamps xv. 163 At the turn of the century, hinges were monstrous things, designed for their sticking power.
e. transferred. Something resembling a hinge in position or shape.
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1902 D. G. Hogarth Nearer East 43 This hollow Spine between Ararat and Bingiol may be called the hinge of the west Asian relief.
2. A natural movable joint: spec. (a) that of a bivalve shell; (b) the cardo or basal part of the maxilla in insects.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves > parts of
beard1649
hinge1704
cardo1725
palpus1803
disc1810
ligament1816
palp1835
tooth1847
hinge-tooth1851
beak1854
curtain1854
talon1854
resilium1895
hinge-ligament1909
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > head > mouth-parts or trophi > basal part of maxilla
hinge1704
1704 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 24 1566 This Shell is sometimes near 2 inches long, the hing of which is 1 and ¼.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 12 The Bivalve, consisting of two pieces, united by a hinge, like an oyster.
1851 T. Wright & G. F. Richardson Introd. Geol. (new ed.) viii. 242 The hinge is the point of the dorsal margin at which bivalve shells are united.
1862 C. Darwin On Var. Contrivances Orchids Fertilised iii. 99 So flexible..is the hinge that the weight of..a fly..depresses the distal portion.
3. transferred. The axis of the earth; the two poles about which the earth revolves, and, by extension, the four cardinal points. See cardinal adj. 6.
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the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > pole > axis
hingea1300
a1300 Cursor Mundi 22754 He to brin sal se..bath land and see and all thinges, þat ani werlds hald wit hinges.
c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme lxxxix. 32 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 132 The heau'n, the Earth..The vnseene hinge of North and South sustaineth.
1605 B. Jonson Sejanus v. i. 394 Shake off the loos'ned Globe from her long henge . View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xii, in Poems 7 The Creator..the well-ballanc't world on hinges hung.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 412 The winds..rush'd abroad From the four hinges of the world. View more context for this quotation
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 53 The prime Hinge whereon the whole frame of Nature moves.
1697 T. Creech tr. Manilius Five Bks. ii. xxxiii. 80 Observe the four fixt Hinges of the Sky.
4. figurative. That on which something is conceived to hang or be supported and to turn; a pivot, prop.
a. generally.
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the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] > that which or one who supports
crutchc900
upholda1066
uptakinga1300
arma1382
postc1387
staff1390
sustainerc1390
undersetterc1400
potent?a1439
buttressa1450
supportalc1450
comfort1455
supporta1456
studa1500
poge1525
underpropper1532
shore1534
staya1542
prop1562
stoopa1572
underprop1579
sustentation1585
rest1590
underpinning1590
supportance1597
sustinent1603
lean1610
reliance1613
hingea1616
columna1620
spar1630
gable end1788
lifeboat1832
standback1915
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 370 That the probation, beare no hinge, nor loope, To hang a doubt on. View more context for this quotation
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iii. i. 121 Perturbations..are..causes of melancholy, turning it out of the hinges of his health.
1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. vi. 97 We usually call Reward and Punishment the two Hinges upon which all Government turns.
1781 W. Cowper Truth 207 Say, on what hinge does his obedience move?
1884 W. E. Gladstone in Standard 29 Feb. 2/5 Because the borough franchise as it exists in England..is the hinge of the whole Bill.
b. The cardinal point of a discussion or controversy (cf. cardinal adj. 3); the central principle of a thesis.
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the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > [noun] > essential part
pointc1385
pithc1425
issue1553
extract1570
catch1600
hinge1638
punctuma1680
resa1732
jet1748
gist1820
bottom line1830
just it1862
crux1888
1638 W. Chillingworth Relig. Protestants i. iv. §53. 221 The hinge whereon your whole discourse turnes.
1687 R. L'Estrange Answer to Let. to Dissenter 8 The Roman Catholique-infallibility, and the Dissenters liberty are the Two Hinges of the Controversie here in Debate.
1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xvi. 111 This is not the hinge on which the debate turns.
1853 J. B. Marsden Hist. Early Puritans (ed. 2) 224 The nature of the sacraments..was the hinge of the whole controversy with Rome.
c. A turning-point, critical point, crisis.
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the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [noun] > critical point or crisis
point?c1225
conjuncture1619
crise1643
juncture1656
crisis1659
hinge1775
cross-road1795
the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > circumstance or circumstances > [noun] > juncture or critical point
timeeOE
point?c1225
state of time (also times)1534
pass1560
conjuncture1619
juncture1656
hinge1775
cross-road1795
contingency1803
1775 E. Burke Corr. (1844) II. 50 The hinge between war and peace is, indeed, a dangerous juncture to ministers.
1886 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David VII. Ps. cxxix. 4 Here is the hinge of the condition; this makes the turning point of Israel's distress.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid i, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 102 I tremble when Juno welcomes the guest; Ne'er, at the hinge of an hour so great, will she slumber or rest.
II. Senses relating to the heart and other bodily organs.
5. dialect. The ‘pluck’ (heart, liver, and lungs) of a beast. Also henge, hange.
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the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > pluck, offal, or tripe
tripea1300
numblesc1330
tripea1400
chitterling?c1400
giblet14..
hasletc1400
umbles14..
womb cloutc1400
garbage1422
offala1425
interlardc1440
hinge1469
draught?a1475
mugget1481
paunch1512
purtenance1530
pertinence1535
chawdron1578
menudes1585
humblesa1592
gut?1602
pluck1611
sheep's-pluck1611
fifth quarter1679
trail1764
fry1847
chitling1869
small goods1874
black tripe1937
variety meat1942
1469 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 96 Every sheepe to be brought in whoole, except the hedde and the henge.
1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Hinge, the liver and pluck of a sheep for dog's meat. West.
1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Hanje, or Hange, the head, heart, liver and lights of any animal, called in Somersetshire the purtenance.
1825 J. Britton Beauties Wilts. III. Gloss. Hinge, the heart, liver, and lungs of a sheep or pig.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Hange, the pluck, i.e. the liver, lungs, and heart of any animal. In dressing sheep, the head is usually left attached by the windpipe..this is always called a ‘sheep's head and hange’.
1890 J. D. Robertson Gloss. Words County of Gloucester Hinge, or Inge.
1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Hinge, Henge.
Phrases
off the hinges, †out of (the) hinges: unhinged; out of order; in (or into) disorder, physical or moral. Cf. out of harre at harre n. 3.
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the world > relative properties > order > disorder > in disorder [phrase]
at or on six and sevenOE
out of kinda1375
out of rulea1387
out of tonea1400
out of joint1415
out of nockc1520
out of tracea1529
out of order1530
out of tune1535
out of square1555
out of kilter1582
off the hinges?1608
out of (the) hinges?1608
in, out of gear1814
out of gearing1833
off the rails1848
on the bumc1870
?1608 S. Lennard tr. P. Charron Of Wisdome i. xiv. 62 The wisest and best Poets doe loue sometimes to play the foole, and to leape out of the hindges.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Hallebrené Sad, crest-fallen, heauie-looking, drooping; off the hindges, cleane out of heart.
1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xxx. 103 All businesses here are off the hinges.
1708 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) iv. xix. 80 We are..out of Tune, and off the Hinges.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) at Hinges ‘To be off t' hinges.’ To be out of health.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a.
hinge-band n.
hinge-maker n.
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1725 London Gaz. No. 6388/7 Oliver Wolfe,..Hinge-maker.
hinge-question n.
ΚΠ
1858 Biblical Repertory Jan. 139 These are hinge-questions upon which Mr. Brownson observes a prudent reticency.
b.
hinge-ways adv.
C2.
hinge-area n. Conchology (see quot. 1872).
ΚΠ
1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 200 The beaks of the dorsal and ventral valves are separated from one another by a narrower or wider space, which is termed the ‘hinge-area’.
hinge-bound adj. having the movement of the hinge obstructed.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of door > [adjective]
leaved1560
valved1676
bivalve1677
hinge-bound1842
1842 Mechanics' Mag. 36 303 They [sluice doors] were frequently hinge-bound and clogged up.
hinge-joint n. Anatomy a joint whose movement can only be in one plane (e.g. that of the elbow or knee); a ginglymus (ginglymus n.); double hinge-joint (see quot. 1886).
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the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > types of joint > [noun]
seamc1050
commissure?a1425
arthrodia1565
commissary1577
gomphosis1578
inarticulation1578
suture1578
symphysis1578
synarthrosis1578
adarticulation1615
harmony1615
synchondrosis1615
enarthrosis1634
harmonia1657
mortise-articulation1658
ball and socket1664
synneurosis1676
syssarcosis1676
ginglymus1678
syndesmosis1726
ginglymus1733
hinge-joint1802
screw-joint1810
schindylesis1830
amphiarthrosis1835
pivot joint1848
synosteosis1848
synostosis1848
indigitation1849
screwed-surfaced joint1875
thorough-joint1889
1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. viii. 100 The head rests immediately upon the uppermost part of the vertebræ, and is united to it by a hinge joint; upon which joint the head plays freely forward and backward.
1886 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Hinge-joint, double, one in which the articulating surfaces of each bone are concave in one direction and convex in the direction at right angles, as in the carpo-metacarpal joint of the thumb.
hinge-knife n. a clasp knife, opening and shutting with a hinge or joint.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun] > clasp-knife
jockteleg1642
clasp-knife1755
hinge-knife1897
1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 330 Hinge-knives are apt to close on your own fingers.
hinge-ligament n. (see quot. 1909).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves > parts of
beard1649
hinge1704
cardo1725
palpus1803
disc1810
ligament1816
palp1835
tooth1847
hinge-tooth1851
beak1854
curtain1854
talon1854
resilium1895
hinge-ligament1909
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. 589/3 Hinge-ligament, in bivalve mollusks, a tough, uncalcified, elastic membrane which connects the two valves.
1945 E. Step & A. L. Wells Shell Life (new ed.) 56 The hinge-ligament exerts a pulling action which tends to separate the lower edges.
hinge-line n. Conchology (see quot. 1888).
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the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering > other parts of
hinge-line1849
1849 R. I. Murchison Siluria ix. 192 The species have generally a roundish outline, with one valve convex..and the hinge-line straight.
1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 124 Each valve [of the shell] presents a short straight margin, the hinge-line, along which it is united to its fellow.
hinge-pin n. a pin or pintle which fastens together the parts of a hinge.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > pin or peg > on which anything turns
swivel1307
pivot1398
gudgeon1496
turning-pin1591
tampion1611
trunniona1625
pole1633
swipple1691
spill1731
millier1778
turn-pin1862
hinge-pin1881
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hinge > parts of hinge > pin
hookc1325
hinge-pin1881
1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 215 The distance from the face of the breach-action to the hinge-pin has been considerably shortened.
hinge-tooth n. Conchology any one of the teeth or projections on one valve of a bivalve mollusc which fit into corresponding indentations in the other valve.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > bivalves > parts of
beard1649
hinge1704
cardo1725
palpus1803
disc1810
ligament1816
palp1835
tooth1847
hinge-tooth1851
beak1854
curtain1854
talon1854
resilium1895
hinge-ligament1909
1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 57 The genera of bivalves have been characterised by the number and position of their hinge-teeth.
Derivatives
hinge-like adj.
ΚΠ
a1832 J. Bentham Deontology (1834) I. 141 But do they turn on these four hinge-like virtues?
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
hingev.
1. transitive. To bend (anything) as a hinge.
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the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of bending > bend [verb (transitive)] > specific part of body
clitchc1025
foldc1380
flexa1521
clutch1614
hingea1616
stoop1637
cock1698
cower1790
slouch1866
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 212 Be thou a Flatterer now..hindge thy knee. View more context for this quotation
1864 G. A. Sala in Daily Tel. 23 Nov. The wealthiest..city in America bows the neck, and hinges the knee, and crooks to the control of this man.
2. To attach or hang with or as with a hinge.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with hinge
charnel1548
hinge1758
1758–65 O. Goldsmith Eng. Clergy in Misc. Wks. (1895) 293/2 The vulgar..whose behaviour..is totally hinged upon their hopes and fears.
1804 Ann. Rev. & Hist. Lit. 1803 2 365 The laws, which hinge gaming transactions on a mere principle of honor.
1879 M. Pattison Milton vi. 70 Hooker's elaborate sentence..is composed of parts so hinged.
3. intransitive. To hang and turn on, as a door on its post.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)] > depend
depend1413
rest1530
penda1540
stay1549
to consist by1567
consist1588
suspend1608
to roll on ——1707
hinge1719
pivot1872
1719 Spotswood in W. S. Perry Hist. Coll. Amer. Colonial Church: Virginia (1870) I. 206 The law you hinge on.
1795 E. Burke Let. 18 May in Corr. (1969) VIII. 249 Their adversaries endeavourd to give this Colour to the contest, and to make it hinge on this principle.
1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. iii. 75 The point on which the decision must finally hinge.
1886 Bookseller Jan. 4/1 The destinies of the Empire are found to hinge on some Asiatic question.
Derivatives
hinging n. (also attributive)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hinge > attaching with hinge
hinging1825
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 591 Some information on the subject of hinging in general.
1846 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters (ed. 3) I. 105 Peculiar and hinging points on which the rest are based.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2020).
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