hereticn.adj.

/ˈhɛrɪtɪk/

Forms: Middle English eretik(e, Middle English–1500s heretyk(e, Middle English–1600s heretike, 1500s–1600s heretique, hereticke, 1500s–1700s heretick, 1600s– heretic; also Middle English heretyc, eretyke, Middle English–1500s herretyk, herytik(e, heretyck(e, erytyke, 1500s eretycke, erytycke, heretyque, herytyke, herytycke, hæretik, hæretick(e, 1600s hæretique.

Etymology: < French hérétique (14th cent.) < ecclesiastical Latin haereticus , < Greek αἱρετικός able to choose, < αἱρεῖσθαι to choose; subsequently in ecclesiastical writers (after ἅρεσις ) heretical, heretic. Old French had the popularly formed herege , also herite (see erege n., erite n.). To French derivation is due the position of the stress, as differing from words immediately from Greek or Latin such as aˈscetic, theoˈretic: compare ˈcatholic.

A. n.

1. One who maintains theological or religious opinions at variance with the ‘catholic’ or orthodox doctrine of the Christian Church, or, by extension, that of any church or religious system, considered as orthodox. Also transferred with reference to non-Christian religions.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > [noun] > person

dwalec1175

eritec1175

hereticc1330

bugger1340

erege1340

misbelieverc1438

buggeressc1450

bougeron1532

earwig1541

stray1600

male-fidian1659

Zindiq1667

Zendiciana1833

heresy-monger1872

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 320 Þe kyng said & did crie, þe pape was heretike.

a1340 R. Rolle Psalter x. 1 Heretikes & fals breþer.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xvi. 73 If I be ane heretyc..þan es all heresy þat here es writen.

1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 11 Thys yere was..an erytyke brentte in Smythfelde for eryse.

1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 71 Gif ȝe heirfor haldis ws Catholikis to be hæretikis.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 8 Heretikes they call vs by the same right that they call themselues Catholikes, both being wrong.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 251 The Persian Religion at this day varies not from the Turks in any particle of the Alcoran; and yet they account one the other Hereticks.

1725 I. Watts Logick i. iv. §8 When a papist uses the word heretics, he generally means the protestants.

a1856 H. Miller Testimony of Rocks (1857) ix. 357 Every form of faith has its heretics.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §8. 430 The League rejected Henry's claims as those of a heretic.

2. By extension, One who maintains opinions upon any subject at variance with those generally received or considered authoritative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > school of thought > [noun] > adherence to accepted beliefs > deviance from > one who deviates

heretic1600

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. i. 219 Thou wast euer an obstinate heretique in the despight of Beauty.

c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. vii. §8 My antagonist..began that I was becum an heretik, and the doctour spering how, ansuered that I denyed quho to be spelled with a w, but with qu.

B. adj. = heretical adj.

rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > [adjective]

dwal-kennedc1175

misbelievedc1225

dwalea1325

misbelievingc1330

land-leaping1377

hereticc1384

heretical1532

sinistral1542

sinistrous1562

unsound1597

pseudo-religious1672

Manichaeistic1924

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Titus iii. 10 Schonye thou a man heretyk [a1425 L.V. eretik], aftir oon and the secunde coreccioun.

1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors 2 That our said Sovereigne Lord the King..and whole Commonaltie of the realme of England..were heretique.

1682 J. Dryden Religio Laici Pref. sig. a4^v That they may be dispens'd with in their Obedience to an Heretick Prince.

1839 Morn. Herald. in Spirit Metrop. Conservative Press (1840) II. 391 He must consider it heretic and sinful to ‘search the Scriptures’.

1860 J. L. Motley Hist. United Netherlands II. x. 63 To deprive the heretic Queen..both of throne and life.

Compounds

Objective, as heretic-burning, heretic-hunting, heretic-taker.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > search for heresy > [noun]

heretic-hunting1570

heresy-hunting1882

heresy-hunt1894

society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > search for heresy > [noun] > person engaged in

heretic-taker1570

heresy-hunter1765

heresy-ferret1814

heresimach1824

society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > search for heresy > [noun] > burning

auto1563

heretic-burning1570

act of faith1600

Bonnering1613

auto-da-fé1697

act1709

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1736/1 Phasher was..the chiefe hereticke taker.

1895 J. J. Raven Hist. Suffolk 163 Gardiner and Bonner..were heretic-hunting and heretic-burning.

Derivatives

† hereticly adv. (also heretykely) Obsolete as a heretic.

ΚΠ

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 90 Foure persons of the Anabaptistes heretykely bare fagottes the same daye at Paules Crosse.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	heretic
释义	hereticn.adj. /ˈhɛrɪtɪk/ Forms: Middle English eretik(e, Middle English–1500s heretyk(e, Middle English–1600s heretike, 1500s–1600s heretique, hereticke, 1500s–1700s heretick, 1600s– heretic; also Middle English heretyc, eretyke, Middle English–1500s herretyk, herytik(e, heretyck(e, erytyke, 1500s eretycke, erytycke, heretyque, herytyke, herytycke, hæretik, hæretick(e, 1600s hæretique. Etymology: < French hérétique (14th cent.) < ecclesiastical Latin haereticus , < Greek αἱρετικός able to choose, < αἱρεῖσθαι to choose; subsequently in ecclesiastical writers (after ἅρεσις ) heretical, heretic. Old French had the popularly formed herege , also herite (see erege n., erite n.). To French derivation is due the position of the stress, as differing from words immediately from Greek or Latin such as aˈscetic, theoˈretic: compare ˈcatholic. A. n. 1. One who maintains theological or religious opinions at variance with the ‘catholic’ or orthodox doctrine of the Christian Church, or, by extension, that of any church or religious system, considered as orthodox. Also transferred with reference to non-Christian religions. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > [noun] > person dwalec1175 eritec1175 hereticc1330 bugger1340 erege1340 misbelieverc1438 buggeressc1450 bougeron1532 earwig1541 stray1600 male-fidian1659 Zindiq1667 Zendiciana1833 heresy-monger1872 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 320 Þe kyng said & did crie, þe pape was heretike. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter x. 1 Heretikes & fals breþer. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xvi. 73 If I be ane heretyc..þan es all heresy þat here es writen. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 11 Thys yere was..an erytyke brentte in Smythfelde for eryse. 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 71 Gif ȝe heirfor haldis ws Catholikis to be hæretikis. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 8 Heretikes they call vs by the same right that they call themselues Catholikes, both being wrong. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 251 The Persian Religion at this day varies not from the Turks in any particle of the Alcoran; and yet they account one the other Hereticks. 1725 I. Watts Logick i. iv. §8 When a papist uses the word heretics, he generally means the protestants. a1856 H. Miller Testimony of Rocks (1857) ix. 357 Every form of faith has its heretics. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §8. 430 The League rejected Henry's claims as those of a heretic. 2. By extension, One who maintains opinions upon any subject at variance with those generally received or considered authoritative. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > school of thought > [noun] > adherence to accepted beliefs > deviance from > one who deviates heretic1600 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. i. 219 Thou wast euer an obstinate heretique in the despight of Beauty. View more context for this quotation c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. vii. §8 My antagonist..began that I was becum an heretik, and the doctour spering how, ansuered that I denyed quho to be spelled with a w, but with qu. B. adj. = heretical adj. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > [adjective] dwal-kennedc1175 misbelievedc1225 dwalea1325 misbelievingc1330 land-leaping1377 hereticc1384 heretical1532 sinistral1542 sinistrous1562 unsound1597 pseudo-religious1672 Manichaeistic1924 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Titus iii. 10 Schonye thou a man heretyk [a1425 L.V. eretik], aftir oon and the secunde coreccioun. 1606 True Relation Proc. at Arraignm. Late Traitors 2 That our said Sovereigne Lord the King..and whole Commonaltie of the realme of England..were heretique. 1682 J. Dryden Religio Laici Pref. sig. a4^v That they may be dispens'd with in their Obedience to an Heretick Prince. 1839 Morn. Herald. in Spirit Metrop. Conservative Press (1840) II. 391 He must consider it heretic and sinful to ‘search the Scriptures’. 1860 J. L. Motley Hist. United Netherlands II. x. 63 To deprive the heretic Queen..both of throne and life. Compounds Objective, as heretic-burning, heretic-hunting, heretic-taker. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > search for heresy > [noun] heretic-hunting1570 heresy-hunting1882 heresy-hunt1894 society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > search for heresy > [noun] > person engaged in heretic-taker1570 heresy-hunter1765 heresy-ferret1814 heresimach1824 society > faith > aspects of faith > heresy > search for heresy > [noun] > burning auto1563 heretic-burning1570 act of faith1600 Bonnering1613 auto-da-fé1697 act1709 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1736/1 Phasher was..the chiefe hereticke taker. 1895 J. J. Raven Hist. Suffolk 163 Gardiner and Bonner..were heretic-hunting and heretic-burning. Derivatives † hereticly adv. (also heretykely) Obsolete as a heretic. ΚΠ c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 90 Foure persons of the Anabaptistes heretykely bare fagottes the same daye at Paules Crosse. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.adj.c1330
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