heliotropen.

/ˈhiːlɪəʊtrəʊp/

/ˈhɛlɪəʊtrəʊp/

Forms: α. Old English eliotropus, Middle English elitropium, elitropius, eliotropia, 1500s helytropium, heliotropion, heliotropius, 1500s–1600s heliotropium; see also heliotropian n. β. 1500s– heliotrope.

Etymology: Formerly in Latin form hēliotropium, etc., < Greek ἡλιοτρόπιον (also ἡλιοτρόπος) a plant which turns its flowers and leaves to the sun, heliotrope; also a green stone streaked with red, bloodstone, and a kind of sundial; < ἥλιος sun + -τροπος turning, τρέπειν to turn. In current form, < French héliotrope (16th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter).

a. A name given to plants of which the flowers turn so as to follow the sun; in early times applied to the sunflower, marigold, etc.; now, a plant of the genus Heliotropium (N.O. Ehretiaceæ or Boraginaceæ), comprising herbs or shrubs with small clustered purple flowers; esp. H. Peruvianum, commonly cultivated for its fragrance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Boraginaceae (bugloss and allies) > [noun] > heliotropes

heliotropec1000

sunflower1562

turnsole1578

heliotropian1590

sun-seeker1847

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > names applied to various flowers

heliotropec1000

flower jaunette1423

helichrysum1551

sunflower1562

Armeria1578

hyacinth1578

pimpernel1578

vaccin1589

heliochryse1593

purple1604

sunflower1622

mayflower1626

starflower1629

bluebottle1648

pink1731

trumpet-flower1732

fly-wort1753

witches' thimbles1820

honey plant1824

black-eyed Susan1836

shell-flower1845

pincushion1847

pincushion flower1856

nightingale1862

garland-flower1866

paper-white1880

α.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 254 Ðeos wyrt þe man eliotropus and oðrum naman sigilhweorfa nemneð.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. liv. 946 Elitropium is a drye herbe and..he beriþ and torneþ þe lef aboute wiþ þe moeuynge of þe sonne.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 45 Siklyik ther is ane eirb callit helytropium the quhilk the vulgaris callis soucye, it hes the leyuis appin as lang as the soune is in our hemispere and it closis the leuyis quhen the soune passis vndir our orizon.

1604 B. Jonson His Pt. Royall Entertainem. 170 Her Chaplet [was] of Heliotropium, or Turnsole.

β. a1626 F. Bacon Wks. (1857) III. 832 Flowers of heliotrope.a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) II. 32 The Heliotrope may live with the last Sun.1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 73 in Sylva Star-wort, Heliotrop, French Mary-gold.1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 89 The French or Peruvian heliotrope.1861 G. J. Whyte-Melville Good for Nothing II. 169 The sweet heliotrope exhaled her dying fragrance ere she sank to decay.attributive.1676 A. Marvell Mr. Smirke sig. J As the Heliotrope Flower that keeps its ground, but wrests its Neck in turning after the warm Sun.

b. figurative. (Also attributive)

ΚΠ

1605 B. Jonson Sejanus iv. i. 426 Good Heliotrope! Is this your honest man? Let him be yours so still. He is my Knaue.

1669 Addr. Hopeful Young Gentry 99 With free expansions, and heliotrope conversions to that Eternal light.

1746 J. Hervey Refl. Flower-garden 94 in Medit. among Tombs Let us all be Heliotropes (if I may use the Expression) to the Sun of Righteousness.

c. Applied, with qualifying words, to other plants, as false heliotrope n. (or summer heliotrope) Tournefortia heliotropioides. winter heliotrope n. Nardosmia (Petasites, or Tussilago) fragrans.

ΚΠ

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 777 Nardosmia, a name under which the Winter Heliotrope..and some allied Northern species of Tussilago, have been separated generically.

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Summer Heliotrope.

d. A shade of purple like that of the flowers of the heliotrope. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [noun] > other purples

amarant1690

plum colour1714

mulberry colour1776

plum1873

Babylonian1882

heliotrope1882

mulberry1882

helio1894

aubergine1895

orchid1923

1882 World 21 June 18/1 A white cotton with violet sprig and bonnet of heliotrope.

1886 Truth XXI It is lined with heliotrope satin.

1887 Daily News 5 July 5/5 A costume of that peculiar mauve known as heliotrope.

e. A scent imitating that of the heliotrope.

ΚΠ

1865 Public Opinion 7 Jan. 20 Many scents, however, are imitations—heliotrope, for instance, having no relation to that flower.

2. Mineralogy. A green variety of quartz, with spots or veins of red jasper; also called bloodstone n.; anciently credited with various ‘virtues’, as that of stanching blood, rendering the wearer invisible, etc. (As to the origin of the name see quot. 1601 at α. .)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > jasper > blood-stone

heliotropea1393

sawsykyllec1425

sanguinary1465

bloodstone1504

elutropia1567

stanch-blood1567

heliotropian1638

sanguine stone1728

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > cryptocrystalline quartz > chalcedony > blood-stone

heliotropea1393

sawsykyllec1425

sanguinary1465

stanch-blood1567

sanguine stone1728

α.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 848 (MED) Fyve Stones mo..Jaspis and Elitropius.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xl. 846 Eliotropia is a precious stone and is grene and is yspronge wiþ þe [emended in ed. to red] dropis and veynes of colour of blood.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 627 The pretious stone Heliotropium..is a deepe green in maner of a leeke..garnished with veins of bloud: the reason of the name Heliotropium is this, For that if it be throwne into a pale of water, it changeth the raies of the Sun by way of reuerberation into a bloudie colour..Magitians..say, that if a man carrie it about him..he shall goe inuisible.

β. a1450 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 33 (MED) Elyotrope is a stone of swiche kynde, þat yef a man put hit in a vessell ful of water ayeins þe sonne she shal make þe sonne smered.1587 A. Golding tr. Solinus Worthie Work xxxix. sig. S.ij^v The precious stone called Helitrope.1740 Earl of Sandwich tr. A. A. Barba Metals, Mines & Min. (ed. 2) 120 The Heliotrope in his fine green Substance hath Veins of the purest Blood.1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision I. xxiv. 104 Nor hope had they of crevice where to hide, Or heliotrope to charm them out of view.1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 215 Chrysoprase, Heliotrope, and Jasper are forms of silica either amorphous, translucent, or opaque.

3. An ancient kind of sun-dial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > [noun] > sundial

chilindrec1386

dialc1425

sundial1555

clocka1562

cylinder1593

horoscope1623

compass-dial1632

moon dial1664

ring dial1667

heliotrope1669

pole-dial1669

sciatheric1682

spot dial1687

polar dial1688

sun clock1737

meridian ring1839

solarium1842

journey-ring1877

scratch dial1914

1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I i. vii. 36 Phenicians..communicated the knowledge of the Heliotrope taken from Ahaz's dial.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Heliotrope, Heliotropium, among the antients, an instrument or machine, for shewing when the sun arrived at the tropics and the æquinoctial line.

1789 G. White Let. in Nat. Hist. Selborne 244 Two heliotropes; the one for the winter, the other for the summer solstice.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Heliotrope..The ancient Greek polos or heliotrophion was a basin in the middle of which was a perpendicular staff or finger, whose shadow indicated on lines the twelve parts of the day.

4. An apparatus with a movable mirror for reflecting the rays of the sun, used for signalling and other purposes, esp. in geodesic operations: cf. heliograph n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > heliography > [noun] > apparatus

heliotrope1822

heliograph1877

helio1893

1822 Gentleman's Mag. ii. 358 The inventor of the Heliotrope..had full proof of the great advantage to be derived from it.

1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 145 Of all signals, the heliotrope—a movable mirror, placed so as to be directed by a telescope—is the most perfect.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	heliotrope
释义	heliotropen. /ˈhiːlɪəʊtrəʊp//ˈhɛlɪəʊtrəʊp/ Forms: α. Old English eliotropus, Middle English elitropium, elitropius, eliotropia, 1500s helytropium, heliotropion, heliotropius, 1500s–1600s heliotropium; see also heliotropian n. β. 1500s– heliotrope. Etymology: Formerly in Latin form hēliotropium, etc., < Greek ἡλιοτρόπιον (also ἡλιοτρόπος) a plant which turns its flowers and leaves to the sun, heliotrope; also a green stone streaked with red, bloodstone, and a kind of sundial; < ἥλιος sun + -τροπος turning, τρέπειν to turn. In current form, < French héliotrope (16th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter). 1. a. A name given to plants of which the flowers turn so as to follow the sun; in early times applied to the sunflower, marigold, etc.; now, a plant of the genus Heliotropium (N.O. Ehretiaceæ or Boraginaceæ), comprising herbs or shrubs with small clustered purple flowers; esp. H. Peruvianum, commonly cultivated for its fragrance. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Boraginaceae (bugloss and allies) > [noun] > heliotropes heliotropec1000 sunflower1562 turnsole1578 heliotropian1590 sun-seeker1847 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > names applied to various flowers heliotropec1000 flower jaunette1423 helichrysum1551 sunflower1562 Armeria1578 hyacinth1578 pimpernel1578 vaccin1589 heliochryse1593 purple1604 sunflower1622 mayflower1626 starflower1629 bluebottle1648 pink1731 trumpet-flower1732 fly-wort1753 witches' thimbles1820 honey plant1824 black-eyed Susan1836 shell-flower1845 pincushion1847 pincushion flower1856 nightingale1862 garland-flower1866 paper-white1880 α. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 254 Ðeos wyrt þe man eliotropus and oðrum naman sigilhweorfa nemneð. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. liv. 946 Elitropium is a drye herbe and..he beriþ and torneþ þe lef aboute wiþ þe moeuynge of þe sonne. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 45 Siklyik ther is ane eirb callit helytropium the quhilk the vulgaris callis soucye, it hes the leyuis appin as lang as the soune is in our hemispere and it closis the leuyis quhen the soune passis vndir our orizon. 1604 B. Jonson His Pt. Royall Entertainem. 170 Her Chaplet [was] of Heliotropium, or Turnsole. β. a1626 F. Bacon Wks. (1857) III. 832 Flowers of heliotrope.a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) II. 32 The Heliotrope may live with the last Sun.1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 73 in Sylva Star-wort, Heliotrop, French Mary-gold.1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 89 The French or Peruvian heliotrope.1861 G. J. Whyte-Melville Good for Nothing II. 169 The sweet heliotrope exhaled her dying fragrance ere she sank to decay.attributive.1676 A. Marvell Mr. Smirke sig. J As the Heliotrope Flower that keeps its ground, but wrests its Neck in turning after the warm Sun. b. figurative. (Also attributive) ΚΠ 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus iv. i. 426 Good Heliotrope! Is this your honest man? Let him be yours so still. He is my Knaue. View more context for this quotation 1669 Addr. Hopeful Young Gentry 99 With free expansions, and heliotrope conversions to that Eternal light. 1746 J. Hervey Refl. Flower-garden 94 in Medit. among Tombs Let us all be Heliotropes (if I may use the Expression) to the Sun of Righteousness. c. Applied, with qualifying words, to other plants, as false heliotrope n. (or summer heliotrope) Tournefortia heliotropioides. winter heliotrope n. Nardosmia (Petasites, or Tussilago) fragrans. ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 777 Nardosmia, a name under which the Winter Heliotrope..and some allied Northern species of Tussilago, have been separated generically. 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Summer Heliotrope. d. A shade of purple like that of the flowers of the heliotrope. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [noun] > other purples amarant1690 plum colour1714 mulberry colour1776 plum1873 Babylonian1882 heliotrope1882 mulberry1882 helio1894 aubergine1895 orchid1923 1882 World 21 June 18/1 A white cotton with violet sprig and bonnet of heliotrope. 1886 Truth XXI It is lined with heliotrope satin. 1887 Daily News 5 July 5/5 A costume of that peculiar mauve known as heliotrope. e. A scent imitating that of the heliotrope. ΚΠ 1865 Public Opinion 7 Jan. 20 Many scents, however, are imitations—heliotrope, for instance, having no relation to that flower. 2. Mineralogy. A green variety of quartz, with spots or veins of red jasper; also called bloodstone n.; anciently credited with various ‘virtues’, as that of stanching blood, rendering the wearer invisible, etc. (As to the origin of the name see quot. 1601 at α. .) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > jasper > blood-stone heliotropea1393 sawsykyllec1425 sanguinary1465 bloodstone1504 elutropia1567 stanch-blood1567 heliotropian1638 sanguine stone1728 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > cryptocrystalline quartz > chalcedony > blood-stone heliotropea1393 sawsykyllec1425 sanguinary1465 stanch-blood1567 sanguine stone1728 α. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 848 (MED) Fyve Stones mo..Jaspis and Elitropius. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xl. 846 Eliotropia is a precious stone and is grene and is yspronge wiþ þe [emended in ed. to red] dropis and veynes of colour of blood. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 627 The pretious stone Heliotropium..is a deepe green in maner of a leeke..garnished with veins of bloud: the reason of the name Heliotropium is this, For that if it be throwne into a pale of water, it changeth the raies of the Sun by way of reuerberation into a bloudie colour..Magitians..say, that if a man carrie it about him..he shall goe inuisible. β. a1450 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 33 (MED) Elyotrope is a stone of swiche kynde, þat yef a man put hit in a vessell ful of water ayeins þe sonne she shal make þe sonne smered.1587 A. Golding tr. Solinus Worthie Work xxxix. sig. S.ij^v The precious stone called Helitrope.1740 Earl of Sandwich tr. A. A. Barba Metals, Mines & Min. (ed. 2) 120 The Heliotrope in his fine green Substance hath Veins of the purest Blood.1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision I. xxiv. 104 Nor hope had they of crevice where to hide, Or heliotrope to charm them out of view.1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 215 Chrysoprase, Heliotrope, and Jasper are forms of silica either amorphous, translucent, or opaque. 3. An ancient kind of sun-dial. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > [noun] > sundial chilindrec1386 dialc1425 sundial1555 clocka1562 cylinder1593 horoscope1623 compass-dial1632 moon dial1664 ring dial1667 heliotrope1669 pole-dial1669 sciatheric1682 spot dial1687 polar dial1688 sun clock1737 meridian ring1839 solarium1842 journey-ring1877 scratch dial1914 1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I i. vii. 36 Phenicians..communicated the knowledge of the Heliotrope taken from Ahaz's dial. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Heliotrope, Heliotropium, among the antients, an instrument or machine, for shewing when the sun arrived at the tropics and the æquinoctial line. 1789 G. White Let. in Nat. Hist. Selborne 244 Two heliotropes; the one for the winter, the other for the summer solstice. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Heliotrope..The ancient Greek polos or heliotrophion was a basin in the middle of which was a perpendicular staff or finger, whose shadow indicated on lines the twelve parts of the day. 4. An apparatus with a movable mirror for reflecting the rays of the sun, used for signalling and other purposes, esp. in geodesic operations: cf. heliograph n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > heliography > [noun] > apparatus heliotrope1822 heliograph1877 helio1893 1822 Gentleman's Mag. ii. 358 The inventor of the Heliotrope..had full proof of the great advantage to be derived from it. 1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 145 Of all signals, the heliotrope—a movable mirror, placed so as to be directed by a telescope—is the most perfect. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1000
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