| 释义 |
hatcheln. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch hekele (Dutch hekel ), Middle Low German hekele , Middle High German hachele , hechele (German Hechel ) < the Germanic base of hack v.1 + the Germanic base of -el suffix1. Compare Old Swedish häkla (Swedish häckla), Danish hegle (in early modern Danish also as hægel), all < Middle Low German.With the β. forms compare earlier hackle n.2 and see discussion at that entry. historical in later use. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > [noun] > heckling > implement for α. c1300 (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 59 (MED) With a sadel to the midside, Fol of scharpe pikes schote, Alse an hechele [c1330 Auch. hechel] onne to ride. ?c1335 in W. Heuser (1904) 157 Ich makid on of ȝou sit opon a hechil. a1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 41 Metaxa, an hechel. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 595/12 Mataxa, an hychele. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 190 (MED) More accordyth to a lechurere a Styfe-stafe than a Swerde, and an hechil than an chelde or a boklere. 1530 J. Palsgrave 231/1 Hetchell for flaxe, serancq, serant. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán ii. 261 Spindles, reeles, distaffes, and hitchels for flaxe. 1656 T. Blount Hichel. 1714 E. Freke (2001) 187 I leave in the upper garrett..i fine flax hichell. 1869 H. B. Stowe xlii. 530 She don' know no more 'bout religion than an old hetchel. 1900 J. de F. Shelton xvii. 143 Mops were made of corn-husks bound to a handle, the husks having been drawn through a hetchel which shredded them. 1907 J. N. Fradenburgh I. 42 The hetchel and swingle, producing a soft and pliable mass twisted into a head of flax ready to be spun and woven. 2001 L. Ulrich viii. 283 A rippling comb and a hetchel looked much alike. Compoundsa1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 41 Metaxarius, an hechel maker. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 595/14 Mataxarius, an hychelmaker. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. 4 Kembed with hetchell teeth of yron. 1721–2 in J. H. Temple & G. Sheldon (1875) 160 To making 36 hatchel teeth 0 3 0. 1798 tr. C. H. Spiess x. 149 One of these Italian hatchel-men had said once to his father, we were very stupid people. 1833 New Ser. 1 350 A small hatchel or comb is made to pass into the roving between the drawing-rollers and the hatchel-belt. 1883 22 Aug. 202/1 He needs from time to time to regulate its [sc. the flax's] passage through the hatchel teeth. 1981 C. Kroll viii. 36 The short hatchel combings, or ‘tow’, were used for rougher cloth and work clothes. 2012 (Nexis) 14 July (Neighbor section) 1 Activities will include flax breaking, hatchel demonstrations, carding, rolling and spinning wool. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hatchelv.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: hatchel n. Etymology: < hatchel n. Compare Middle Dutch, Dutch hekelen , Middle Low German hekelen , Middle German hecheln , hacheln (German hecheln ), and also ( < Middle Low German) Old Swedish häkla (Swedish häckla ), Danish hegle (in early modern Danish also as hægle ), all in sense ‘to prepare (flax, hemp, etc.) with a hackle’. Compare heckle v. and later hackle v.2 With sense 2 compare heckle v. 3. 1. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing flax, hemp, or jute > treat or process flax, hemp, or jute [verb (transitive)] > heckle α. a1325 (Cambr.) (1929) 427 A la serence [glossed] hechele. c1400 (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 35 (MED) Et puis tauntost serencez..And after a non ryȝt to ecchele. a1425 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (Pierpont Morgan) xvii. xcvii [Flax] is knokked and bett..ribbed and hecchelid [1535 hekled] and sponne. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 595/11 Mataxo, to hychele. 1530 J. Palsgrave 583/2 I hetchyll, je cerance. 1571 sig. Dd.iiiv Serancer du lin, Too hetchell flaxe. 1652 W. Blith xli. 255 Hetchelling and dressing it up. 1698 J. Savage II. v. 201 Flax ready hitchell'd by the Peasants. 1737 9 To fit Tier to the Distaffs, reel Yarn, Swingle, or hitchell Hemp or Flax, weave, &c. 1834 18 Jan. 26/2 Some knicknack in the way of a machine for shelling corn, hetchelling flax, or, for ought I know, manufacturing wooden nutmegs. 1920 C. Barrus vii. 101 Before the flax could be used, it had to be hetchelled, or combed out on a board set full of sharp teeth. 1998 55 8 Workers ‘carded’ wool and cotton, ‘combed’ worsted, ‘broke’, ‘hackled’, or ‘hetcheled’ flax. 1716 R. Neve ii. vi. 169 Lend me your Teeth to hitchel a T——d, and you shall have the Tow for your Pains. 1823 J. F. Cooper II. viii. 113 Oh! off with you, old Hector, or I'll hatchel your hide with my ramrod when I get ye. 1845 S. Judd i. xiii. 100 The clouds hung low, and their floating skirts seemed to be pierced and hetchelled by the trees. 1908 Apr. 441/2 The constant chatter of the swallows..as they interweave here and there a straw or a bit of hair or a stray ravelling that has been hatchelled by the scurrying winter winds. the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being harassed > harass [verb (transitive)] 1800 20 Oct. They have..hatchelled them with prosecutions, fines, and imprisonments. 1878 Sept. 576 She'll hetchel the old woman mortally, I be afraid. 1906 C. H. Parkhurst 18 Mercilessly hetchelled by some prosecuting attorney. Derivatives 1573 Inventory of Anne Langton 21 May in G. J. Piccope (1861) III. 62 xx knokes of hatchelled lyne. 1651 J. Ogilby xl. 50 Mean while fine threads are Spun of hatcheld Flax. 1838 C. Mathews 46 What a contempt must I have for my humanity..when I see a part of it strung up yonder like a bunch of foul garlic or hetchelled flax! 1884 XII. 295 One parcel of Hatcheled Dutch Hemp. 1914 21 Nov. 46/1 Instead of the hatcheled flax for the winter's spinning, we have so much warm cotton that its very redundance is an embarrassment to us. 1979 tr. in J. Neusner III. 86 They do not cover up the blood..with hatcheled flax or..with metal shavings. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1300v.a1325 |
