hard-pressedadj.

Brit.

/ˌhɑːdˈprɛst/, U.S.

/ˈˌhɑrdˈprɛst/

Forms: see hard adv. and pressed adj.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adv., pressed adj.¹

Etymology: < hard adv. + pressed adj.¹ With sense 1 compare hard adv. Compounds 1d.

1. That has been pressed so as to become hard or compact; compressed, compacted.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective] > make (more) dense or solid > by compaction or compression

compressedc1374

compacta1398

hard-pressed1562

compacted1598

condensed1606

compress1647

constipated1647

confert1661

clotted1674

noddena1864

tabloid1890

1562 W. Bullein Dial. Sorenes f. xvij^v, in Bulwarke of Defence This will open the pores, and harde pressed matter, whiche causeth the paine.

1678 tr. L. de Gaya Treat. Arms of War iii. iv. 91 Granadoes..are charged with Powder within a finger of the Hole, the rest is filled with hard pressed Tow.

1705 Philos. Trans. Abridg'd 1665–1700 (Royal Soc.) 2 900 The Stomach was Full, even to Distension, of an Hard Substance, which appeared exactly the Same with Hard Press'd Curds.

1834 Atlas 11 May 299/1 The common food of the Affghauns is kooroot, hard pressed salted curds.

1898 Land Mag. Nov. 593 Candidates..had to make one hard-pressed cheese, one blue-veined cheese, one fancy cheese, and also to make butter.

1908 G. Summerss Bird of Bush 132 A lump of hard-pressed snow.

2010 Times (Nexis) 1 Apr. 6 Spenwood, a hard-pressed cheese, inspired by pecorino and made in Berkshire.

a. Subject to great pressure or strain; burdened or harassed with urgent business, excessive demands on one's time, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective] > having difficulty > beset with difficulties

poseletc1390

withstad14..

ystadea1440

mireda1522

hard-set1572

hard-pressed1707

necessitous1711

hard pushed1785

hard-run1834

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [adjective] > encumbering > burdening > burdened > excessively

overpressed1562

overfraught1589

overtaxed1650

hard-pressed1707

overweighted1753

well-taxed1827

1707 C. Cibber Lady's Last Stake Prol. Some other Follies too, our Scenes present Some warn the Fair from Gaming, when extravagant, But when undone you see the dreadful Stake, That flatter'd Hope lets hard-press'd Virtue make.

a1750 A. Hill Northern Star in Wks. (1753) I. 199 Nor, 'till sev'n hundred hard-press'd years were past, The late propitious fortune smil'd at last.

1825 J. S. Mill Speech in Autobiogr. (1924) 282 The Lion, finding himself hard-pressed, called together the aristocracy of the forest.

1891 E. Kinglake Austral. at Home 95 The hard pressed artist is obliged to cut down his price.

1961 New Scientist 16 Mar. 664/3 Hard-pressed managers and engineers can hope to read only a tiny fraction of it.

2013 Daily Tel. 19 Mar. 19/2 The report was light on policy specifics, but urged a greater focus on helping the hard-pressed middle classes.

b. In predicative use: at a loss or in difficulty as regards being able to do something. Frequently in conditional use, as he (also she, etc.) would be hard pressed to ——.

ΚΠ

1747 S. Boyse Hist. Rev. Trans. Europe I. 7 Had she [sc. Poland] join'd in the Confederacy against the Porte, the Ottomans would have been hard pressed to defend themselves.

1781 Mod. Part Universal Hist. XIII. liii. 470 Even the maritime kings..would be hard pressed to raise such a sum by the sale of all they were worth.

1831 Evangelical Mag. 5 Mar. 79/1 Calmly, I must tell you of this, your ingratitude, for which you will be ‘hard pressed’ to find an apology.

1886 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 292 The States and municipalities of the country are always hard pressed to raise money for their current expenditures.

1910 Brick Mar. 193/1 We are rushed with orders and while, of course, we naturally want more, it is keeping us pretty hard pressed to care for the business we already have in hand.

1958 Shakespeare Q. 9 427 Even the compiler of the famous English Dictionary would be hard pressed to meet this optimistic deadline.

1995 S. DeSanto Amer. Standard 108 ‘You know, man, it's kind of funny,’ Joe slowly answered, scratching his head, as if hard pressed to find the words to describe it.

2010 Jewish Chron. 15 Oct. 34/4 There will be finer drama at the ENO this season, but for sheer musical pleasure..you will be hard-pressed to beat Radamisto.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hard-pressed
释义	hard-pressedadj. Brit. /ˌhɑːdˈprɛst/, U.S. /ˈˌhɑrdˈprɛst/ Forms: see hard adv. and pressed adj.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adv., pressed adj.¹ Etymology: < hard adv. + pressed adj.¹ With sense 1 compare hard adv. Compounds 1d. 1. That has been pressed so as to become hard or compact; compressed, compacted. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective] > make (more) dense or solid > by compaction or compression compressedc1374 compacta1398 hard-pressed1562 compacted1598 condensed1606 compress1647 constipated1647 confert1661 clotted1674 noddena1864 tabloid1890 1562 W. Bullein Dial. Sorenes f. xvij^v, in Bulwarke of Defence This will open the pores, and harde pressed matter, whiche causeth the paine. 1678 tr. L. de Gaya Treat. Arms of War iii. iv. 91 Granadoes..are charged with Powder within a finger of the Hole, the rest is filled with hard pressed Tow. 1705 Philos. Trans. Abridg'd 1665–1700 (Royal Soc.) 2 900 The Stomach was Full, even to Distension, of an Hard Substance, which appeared exactly the Same with Hard Press'd Curds. 1834 Atlas 11 May 299/1 The common food of the Affghauns is kooroot, hard pressed salted curds. 1898 Land Mag. Nov. 593 Candidates..had to make one hard-pressed cheese, one blue-veined cheese, one fancy cheese, and also to make butter. 1908 G. Summerss Bird of Bush 132 A lump of hard-pressed snow. 2010 Times (Nexis) 1 Apr. 6 Spenwood, a hard-pressed cheese, inspired by pecorino and made in Berkshire. 2. a. Subject to great pressure or strain; burdened or harassed with urgent business, excessive demands on one's time, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective] > having difficulty > beset with difficulties poseletc1390 withstad14.. ystadea1440 mireda1522 hard-set1572 hard-pressed1707 necessitous1711 hard pushed1785 hard-run1834 the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [adjective] > encumbering > burdening > burdened > excessively overpressed1562 overfraught1589 overtaxed1650 hard-pressed1707 overweighted1753 well-taxed1827 1707 C. Cibber Lady's Last Stake Prol. Some other Follies too, our Scenes present Some warn the Fair from Gaming, when extravagant, But when undone you see the dreadful Stake, That flatter'd Hope lets hard-press'd Virtue make. a1750 A. Hill Northern Star in Wks. (1753) I. 199 Nor, 'till sev'n hundred hard-press'd years were past, The late propitious fortune smil'd at last. 1825 J. S. Mill Speech in Autobiogr. (1924) 282 The Lion, finding himself hard-pressed, called together the aristocracy of the forest. 1891 E. Kinglake Austral. at Home 95 The hard pressed artist is obliged to cut down his price. 1961 New Scientist 16 Mar. 664/3 Hard-pressed managers and engineers can hope to read only a tiny fraction of it. 2013 Daily Tel. 19 Mar. 19/2 The report was light on policy specifics, but urged a greater focus on helping the hard-pressed middle classes. b. In predicative use: at a loss or in difficulty as regards being able to do something. Frequently in conditional use, as he (also she, etc.) would be hard pressed to ——. ΚΠ 1747 S. Boyse Hist. Rev. Trans. Europe I. 7 Had she [sc. Poland] join'd in the Confederacy against the Porte, the Ottomans would have been hard pressed to defend themselves. 1781 Mod. Part Universal Hist. XIII. liii. 470 Even the maritime kings..would be hard pressed to raise such a sum by the sale of all they were worth. 1831 Evangelical Mag. 5 Mar. 79/1 Calmly, I must tell you of this, your ingratitude, for which you will be ‘hard pressed’ to find an apology. 1886 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 292 The States and municipalities of the country are always hard pressed to raise money for their current expenditures. 1910 Brick Mar. 193/1 We are rushed with orders and while, of course, we naturally want more, it is keeping us pretty hard pressed to care for the business we already have in hand. 1958 Shakespeare Q. 9 427 Even the compiler of the famous English Dictionary would be hard pressed to meet this optimistic deadline. 1995 S. DeSanto Amer. Standard 108 ‘You know, man, it's kind of funny,’ Joe slowly answered, scratching his head, as if hard pressed to find the words to describe it. 2010 Jewish Chron. 15 Oct. 34/4 There will be finer drama at the ENO this season, but for sheer musical pleasure..you will be hard-pressed to beat Radamisto. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1562
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