harbourharborn.1
/ˈhɑːbə/, U.S. /ˈhɑrbər/ 1. Shelter, lodging, entertainment: sojourn, abode.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > [noun]
harbourc1150
gesteningc1200
wickingc1275
guestinga1300
harbourya1300
harbergery1303
hostela1325
harbergagec1386
housinga1400
easement?a1425
lodging1454
hostryingec1470
harbourage1570
hospitage1611
accommodationa1616
commodation1725
lodgement1805
up-putting1815
hutmenta1857
up-put1866
mudhif1888
α.
β. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 6153 Of herber grete nede I had, Yhe herbed me with hert glad.c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 2940 Whi wil thou her thi herber tane?a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ecclus. xxix. 31 To seke herbore [v.r. herberow] fro hous in to hous.1552 Ordre Hospital S. Bartholomewes sig. Ejv For the herboure and succour of the dere members of Christes body.a1563 J. Bale Brefe Comedy Iohan Baptystes in Harleian Misc. (1744) I. 105 Helpe alwayes the poore, with herbour, foode, and aparell.?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 13 To take herboour.γ. c1410 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ (1510) vi. C iv She..asked harborowe in dyvers places.a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 260 What crystyn man axithe harburrow here?1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Rom. xii. f. xxxiiiiv Lette them haue harbroughe.c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) ii. i. 70 Those cursed exactions of diet and herborowe.1598 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 115 Whoesoever..shall lodge or gyve harborough to any rouges. [Cf. Market Harborough.]δ. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. xxv. 115 Whan I was a straunger and nedy of harboure.1606 No-body & Some-body sig. B4 Nobody takes them in, prouides them harbor.1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant iii. i. 36 All I desire of you is but harbour for a minute.1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 148 Our great Want..was Harbor and good Company. View more context for this quotation1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 204 They serve for the Harbour..of various Animals.1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. ii. 397 Give harbour in thy breast on no acount To after-grudge or enmity.1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles i. xxvii. 34 To harbour safe, and friendly cheer, That gives us rightful claim.c1150 Homily in Kluge Leseb. 72 Na synderlice onoðren herbyrȝe.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 69 Þe node habbeð ȝiuen heom red, Mid hereberȝe and mid fode.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1392 If ghe migte taken Herberge for hire frendes sake[n].
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Wisd. xviii. 4 Withoute hurting of good herberewe [a1425 L.V. herbore].
c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋957 Neede of cloþing and herberwe [v.rr. herborugh, harborowe, herboruhe].
c1440 York Myst. xiv. 6 Graunt vs gode herborow þis nyght.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. ix They..praid the lord of the castel of herburgh.
1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 12 If any personne..geue any herborowe moneye or lodgeynge to any beggers.
1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. iii. f. 18 That Alexander shoulde fynde no herborow [v.r. herberowe] there.
1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 166 Frendly voutsave him herburrouh.
2. † b. The ‘house’, mansion, or position of the sun or a planet in the zodiac. Obsolete.
a. A place of shelter or sojourn; lodgings, quarters, resting-place; place of entertainment, inn; place of refuge, asylum. Obsolete exc. dialect. cold harbour: a place of shelter from the weather for wayfarers, constructed by the wayside. Hence, a frequent name of a locality, and as a compound, Cold Harbour Lane.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > a place of refuge
havenc1225
infleeinga1300
leinda1300
harbourc1300
reseta1325
harbouryc1325
refutec1350
asylec1384
receipta1393
refugec1405
port salut?1407
recept1423
porta1425
receptaclec1425
place (etc.) of refuge?a1439
retreat1481
port haven1509
stelling-place1513
refugie1515
retraict1550
safe haven1555
havening place1563
sanctuarya1568
safe harbour1569
sheepfold1579
subterfuge1593
arka1616
lopeholt1616
latebra1626
asylum1642
creep-hole1646
harbourage1651
reverticle1656
creeping-hole1665
a port in a (also the) storm1714
receptory1856
padded cell1876
funk-hole1900
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > [noun] > lodging-place > temporary
harbourc1300
sojourna1375
restinga1382
resting placea1382
sojourninga1400
diversoryc1410
deversaryc1485
inn1529
roost1607
peregrination1610
roosting place1643
harbourage1651
séjour1769
pied-à-terre1823
hoochie1952
α.
β. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 448 With-in his awen moder body, Whar his herber with-in was dight.c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 523 Dyuerse ostries or herbouris forto logge the more multitude.γ. ?c1475 Sqr. lowe Degre 179 Yf ye may no harbroughe se, Than must ye lodge under a tre.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 169 Herberge, an harborowe.1579 T. Twyne tr. Petrarch Phisicke against Fortune i. v. 6 a Thy harborow or Inne, or rather thy pryson.1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxvi. xli. 616 That the legions from out of their winter harboroughs, should there meete together.δ. 1483 Cath. Angl. 174/2 An Harbar, hospicium.1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Siiv/1 Harboure, hospitium.1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A4 Faire harbour that them seemes, so in they entred ar.1642 D. Rogers Naaman 462 They will capitulate for their honour to go out of their harbour, with their pikes traild..and in array.1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 110. ¶2 Ivy and Eldar-Bushes, the Harbours of several solitary Birds.1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. Harbour, shelter, lodging.c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 742 Þore were Of here herboru herborwed þere.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 406 Holicherche, þat he [r] berwe is and goddes hous to saue.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 765 I seigh noght this yeer so murye a compaignye Atones in this herberwe [v.rr. herborowe, harborowe, herberw, herburhe] as is now.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxvii. 539 Thei fonde nether house ne herberowe.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 230/2 Herboroghe, logis.
a1637 B. Jonson Timber 201 in Wks. (1640) III When hee went out of New-gate into the Cart, tooke order to have his Armes set up in his last Herborough.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > [noun] > Zodiac > house
towerc1374
housea1393
mansionc1395
anglea1398
harbourc1405
palacec1425
cardinal point1585
synod house1589
dodecatemory1603
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 327 To ech of hem his tyme and his sesoun As thyn herberwe [v.rr. herborwe, harborowe, hebour] chaungeth lowe or heighe.
c. The covert or place of retreat of wild animals.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter > of a wild animal
cabin1377
closet1576
harbour1576
fort1653
cell1735
1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 5 Terrars..driue them out of their hollow harbours.
1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. 310 Hee dreames of..a Bucke lodged, or a Hart in harbor.
1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire 74 They resort to those places as to their harboroughs or couerts.
1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. i. 209 When you intend to find out the Harbour or Layer of a Hart.
1884 R. Jefferies Red Deer vi. 103 The stag..When he has settled himself down he is said to be ‘in harbour’.
d. figurative.
ΚΠ
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark iv. f. 35 Fynde any quietnesse, or sure harborowe.
1591 R. Wilmot Tancred & Gismund v. ii. sig. G4 Ah pleasant harborough of my hearts thought!
1674 D. Brevint Saul & Samuel 268 These saving Harbers.
a1807 W. Wordsworth Prelude (1959) i. 2 In what Vale Shall be my harbour?
3.
a. A place of shelter for ships; spec. where they may lie close to and sheltered by the shore or by works extended from it; a haven, a port.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > harbour or port > [noun]
hithec725
havenOE
port1340
stationa1382
harbourc1405
haveningc1425
piera1552
harbourage1850
α.
β. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias I j b The Ports, Herbours, and Riuers, where he tooke in fresh water.γ. a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Fourth Bk. Aeneas (1554) iv. sig. Aivv Wyth Syrtes, the vnfriendlye harbroughe.1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 350v A byght or bay as thowgh it were a harborowe.1578 W. Bourne Inuentions 11 They must cheyne their Hauen or harborrow.1600 in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 88 They put into the foresayde Harborough.1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. ii. vii. §7. 357 A Harborow of great capacitie, being in former times but an open Bay.δ. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias lxii. 126 b Their harbour or hauen is verie good.1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 119 They were not able to put into the harbour.1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 140 A Station safe for Ships, when Tempests roar, A silent Harbour, and a cover'd Shoar. View more context for this quotation1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 23 Some of the men of war, then in the harbour.a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 178 Like a wreck that is drifting to harbour, I come to thee, Lady, at last.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14411 Sexisce men..seileden to londe. and herberȝe token..bi-ȝeonde þere Humbre.]
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 405 To rekene wel his tydes His stremys..His herberwe and his moone, his lodemenage.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions Pref. 11 Thei..digged out herborowes, where their shippes might ride saulfe fro the storme.
b. An airship shed or hangar.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > airfield or airport > [noun] > hangar > for balloon or airship
balloon shed1895
harbour1909
1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 659/2 Work in connection with the other Zeppelin air-ships is so far advanced that as soon as the halls, or harbours, as they are called, are ready it will only be necessary to put the parts together.
1912 C. B. Hayward Pract. Aeronautics 36 To the only two airship sheds or ‘harbors’ exceeding 400 feet in length..no less than nine had been added [in France].
c. (See quot. 1948.)
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > [noun] > encamping > space occupied by equipment and stores
park1683
artillery park1708
tankodrome1917
harbour1935
1935 Jrnl. Royal United Service Inst. Nov. 747 The aeroplane cannot hit a moving tank with a bomb, but when the tanks harbour, the aircraft will make every effort to locate and bomb them... The bombing of tanks in harbour will cause immediate dispersion.
1948 E. Partridge et al. Dict. Forces' Slang 91 Harbour, halting place for the night for guns and tanks. Also a verb.
4. Glass-making. A large shallow trough-like box with handles or wheels used for holding the mixed ingredients or ‘batch’ and conveying them to the pot for fusion.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > glass-making equipment > [noun] > other equipment
ladle1483
frache1662
paddle1662
strocals1662
basin1728
setting-board1825
cuvette1832
sabre1832
fly-frame1835
chair1845
snapdragon1869
sand-blast1871
parallelometer1887
chevalet1890
harbour1891
hearth1898
frigger1923
drawbar1926
1891 Sale Catal. Glass Wks. Stourbridge Seven mixing harbours.
1897 Correspondent Each harbour of separate mixture is placed around the furnace before each pot for the purpose of filling.
Compounds
C1. General attributive. (In sense 3.)
harbour-admiral n.
ΚΠ
1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer I. iv. 117 The Gladiator, the flag-ship of the harbour-admiral.
harbour-bar n.
ΚΠ
1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere vi, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 39 We drifted o'er the Harbour-bar.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Sailor Boy 2 He rose at dawn and, fired with hope, Shot o'er the seething harbour-bar.
harbour-buoy n.
ΚΠ
1842 Ld. Tennyson Audley Court in Poems (new ed.) II. 46 The bay was oily calm; the harbour-buoy With one green sparkle ever and anon Dipt by itself.
harbour-duty n.
harbour-light n.
ΚΠ
1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 371 A Harbour-Light will be established.
harbour-room n.
ΚΠ
1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece V. ii. xliv. 333 To provide harbour-room at once safe and adequate.
harbour-town n.
ΚΠ
1616 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliad ii, in Whole Wks. Homer 28 Helos harbor-towne, that Neptune beats vpon.
C2.
harbour-due n. a charge for the use of a harbour (usually in plural).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > shipping dues > [noun]
lastinglOE
lastage1205
anchorage1405
strandage1419
plankage1424
quayage1440
lowage1457
measurage1460
perch money1466
perching1483
keel-toll?1499
wharf-gelt1505
sand-gelt1527
wharfage1535
soundage1562
towage1562
groundage1567
bankage1587
rowage1589
shore-silver1589
pilotage1591
dayage1592
ballastage1594
rivage1598
pieragec1599
shore-mail1603
lightage1606
shorage1611
port charge1638
light money1663
port due1663
water-bailage1669
mensuragea1676
mooragea1676
keelage1679
shore-due1692
harbour-due1718
lockage1722
magazinage1736
jettage?1737
light duty1752
tide-duty1769
port duty1776
dockage1788
light due1793
canalage1812
posting-dues1838
warpage1863
winch1864
postage1868
flag-dues1892
berthage1893
shore-levy-
1718 Bridlington Pier Act All such tools, harbour-dues, or other dues.
1874 H. Fawcett Man. Polit. Econ. (ed. 4) iv. vii. 590 A harbour due is..paid for the accommodation obtained by shipping.
harbour-gasket n.
ΚΠ
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Harbour-gaskets, broad, but short and well-blacked gaskets..for showing off a well-furled sail in port.
harbour-log n.
ΚΠ
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Harbour-log, that part of the log-book which..relates only to transactions while the ship is in port.
harbour-master n. an officer who has charge of a harbour, and of the mooring of ships, etc. therein; hence harbour-mastership.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > harbour or port > harbour-master > [noun]
havener1313
port-mastera1593
shore-master1619
port warden1784
harbour-master1884
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > harbour or port > harbour-master > [noun] > office of
harbour-mastership1884
1884 G. Allen Philistia I. 37 The honourable sinecure of a harbour-mastership.
harbour seal n. North American the common seal, Phoca vitulina, found along the shores of northern oceans.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Pinnipedia (seal, sea lion, or walrus) > [noun] > family Phocidae > genus phoca > phoca vitulina (common seal)
sealc893
sea-calfa1387
sea-dog1598
soile1602
harbour seal1766
doter1770
ranger1771
1766 J. Banks Diary Oct. in A. M. Lysaght J. Banks in Newfoundland & Labrador (1971) ii. 145 They [sc. the fishermen] divide them [sc. the seals] into five sorts which they call Square Phipper Hooded Seal Heart or houke Bedlamer and harbour seal, which last stays in the Countrey all the year.
1832 J. McGregor Brit. Amer. I. iii. 107 The harbour seal (phoca vitulina)..does not seem to be migratory.
1883 Official Catal. Internat. Fisheries Exhib. (ed. 4) 191 Cast of Harbour Seal.
1958 A. W. Cameron Canad. Mammals 55 Apart from the grey seal, the harbour seal is the only member of the tribe that ordinarily spends the summer in southern Canada.
1964 E. P. Walker et al. Mammals of World II. 1302 (caption) Hair or harbor seals (Phoca vitulina).
harbour-side n.
ΚΠ
1947 J. G. Crowther & R. Whiddington Sci. at War 180 Larger explosive charges can be used, and their effects registered by electrical recording on the harbour-side.
1962 Daily Tel. 11 Aug. 14/5 It was then decided to take Coweslip, still low in the water, to the nearby harbourside home of Mr. B. A. L.
1969 Jane's Freight Containers 1968–9 56/2 D & F Harborside Terminal.
harbour stow n. furling in a body (cf. furling n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > [noun] > furling > specific manner of
skin1804
furling1836
harbour stow1886
1886 R. Brown Spunyarn & Spindrift xxv. 311 Every rope in its place and hauled taut, every sail neatly furled in a harbour-stow.
1924 R. Clements Gipsy of Horn v. 98 A ‘harbour stow’ we gave them, rolling the canvas into a neat skin as though it were covered with a jacket and passing the gaskets at regular intervals like seizings.
harbourward adv. towards the harbour.
harbour-watch n. (see quot. 1867).
ΚΠ
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Harbour-watch, a division or subdivision of the watch kept on night-duty, when the ship rides at single anchor.
harbour-stowed adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > [adjective] > furled in specific manner
harbour-stowed1924
1924 J. Masefield Sard Harker 24 She was in lovely order; yards squared, harbour-stowed.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
† harbourn.2
Obsolete.
a. A grass-plot, a green = arbour n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [noun] > lawn or grass-plot
grassOE
arbourc1380
harbour1505
green plot1566
grass plot1599
grass work1664
platband1725
lawn1733
garden lawn1771
short-grass1826
pelouse1853
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [noun] > arbour
arboura1375
leveselc1386
harbour1505
summer house1519
bower1523
summer hall1583
arbory1588
pergola?1664
arborage1697
amphitheatre1715
tonnelle1861
bower eaves-
1505 Will of Morys Huntyngdon (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/14) f. 239 My body to be buried in our lady Harbar of the Cathedrall Church of Hereford.
1573 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 234 My bodye to be buried within ye arbour on the north side off the churche of Richmonde.]
1804–20 Hereford Cathedral, Sexton's Bk. of Fees For Ground in the Cathedral Lady Harbour, or Cloister, 4s. 6d.
b. A bower or retreat covered with climbing shrubs and plants.
ΚΠ
1563 T. Hill Arte Gardening (1593) 161 You may make a couer ouer them like to an harbour.
?1593 G. Fletcher Licia xxvi. 27 Where loving Wood-bine, doth the Harbour binde.
1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Ombrage, shade, harbor, or bower to rest vnder.
1762 Gentleman's Mag. May 222/1 A gravel walk..with a covered harbour at each end of it.
a1790 T. Warton Poet. Wks. (1802) II. 194 An avenue so cool and dim Shall to an harbour, at the end, In spite of gout, entice a friend.
Derivatives
ˈharboured adj. = arboured adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [adjective] > having grass plot
harboured1615
lawned1960
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 136 We rid in shallow cradles, two on a Camell: harboured aboue, and couered with linnen.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
harbourn.3
= arbor n.1
ΚΠ
1797 Monthly Mag. 3 222 Effected by a jagged wheel, fixed on the barrel harbour.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
harbourharborv.
/ˈhɑːbə/, U.S. /ˈhɑrbər/ I. transitive.† 1. † 2. To quarter (soldiers or retainers); to assign lodgings to, to billet; reflexive to take up quarters, encamp. Also absol. Obsolete.
a. To provide a lodging or lodging-place for; to shelter from the weather or the night; to lodge, entertain. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > providing with dwelling > [verb (transitive)] > provide with temporary accommodation
innOE
harbourc1150
gestena1300
guestc1330
hostelc1330
receivec1384
sojourn1390
harbry14..
shroudc1450
bestow1577
accommodate1592
board1600
quarter1603
stow1607
to put up1635
billet1637
lodge1741
room1840
to fix (a person) up1889
summer-board1889
shack1927
α.
β. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds x. 32 Symound, that is named Petre; this is herborid in the hous of Symound coriour.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15494 To spek o iesu þar he was herberd in þat tun.c1400 Isumbras 524 Bot mete ne drynke couthe he gete none, Ne house to herbere hyme inne.a1510 G. Douglas King Hart ii. 264 Ȝe sall nocht herbere me and Eis at anes.1609 J. Skene tr. Stat. Robert I in Regiam Majestatem 20 Na man be herbered or lodged in the houses or granges.γ. c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 1252 To harbergh the nedy wagring.a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 262 I wold harburrow the full fayne.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 579/1 I intende to harborowe folkes no more.1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis ii. f. 2 Tethis whoo dooth harbrowgh mee within her sourges wyde.1587 Sivqila in Polimanteia (1881) Introd. 18 To al them that harborough such a guest.δ. c1440 Bone Flor. 1971 He harberde hym far therfro All behynde men..Hys sekenes was so felle.1557 Ord. Hospitalls E ij Those [children] that are harboured in the Howse.a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. iii. 92 She harbors you as her kinsman. View more context for this quotationfigurative.1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 1 Which would willingly harbour themselues, vnder the roofe..of the Church of England.1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 459 The anguish of my Soul, that suffers not Mine eie to harbour sleep. View more context for this quotationc1150 Homily in Kluge Leseb. 73 Swa swa leofne gyst heo hire husede and innlice herebyreȝode.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 23 Þu..fedest wreche men and herebureȝest and scrudest.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 260/146 To hereborewi Miseise men.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 130 Ine zuo poure house yherberȝed.
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 201 Cloþe..and herberwe hem.
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 317 Þere he schal be hereberowid.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. vii. 235 Ich was yherborwed with an hep of chapmen.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 236/1 Herberwyn [v.rr. herbergwyn, herborowen] or receyvyn to hereboroghe.
1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 12 To lodge and herberough any persone..of charitee or almes.
1542 R. Taverner Epist. & Gospelles (new ed.) f. cxxviv We haue not hymselfe now..to herbrough him.
c1580 Merye Hist. Mylner Abyngton (new ed.) sig. A.ivv Herberowe vs to night.
b. absol. To show hospitality.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > hospitality > show hospitality [verb (intransitive)]
harbour1534
entertain1693
society > leisure > social event > hospitality > show hospitality to [verb (transitive)]
gestena1300
lodgec1325
cherishc1330
guestc1330
to give cheera1393
harbry14..
callc1430
uptakea1470
recueil1477
host1485
entertain1490
to set forth1526
harbour1534
retainc1540
treata1578
water1742
sport1826
have1868
hospitize1895
1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) Rom. xii. 13 Diligently to harboure [1535 Coverdale Be glad to harbarow. 1539 (Great Bible), Be readie to harboure.]
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > take up quarters [verb (reflexive)]
harbourc1330
society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > take up quarters [verb (intransitive)] > assign quarters
harbourc1330
society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > quarter (troops) [verb (transitive)] > on someone
harbourc1330
cess1612
lay1612
quarter1649
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 149 Nouþer cite ne burgh myght þei in herberd be.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1626 Alle þe genge of grece was gayli resseyued, & herbarwed hastely.
a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 427 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 312 The marshalle shalle herber alle men in fere.
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. cii. 83 They comen..in grete companyes and lodged and herburghed hem in the countrey al aboute where they wold.
a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 32 Within the kinges gates no man shall harborow or assigne but this chamberlayn or usher.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cclvi. 381 They..layde siege about Monsac, and harbored themselfe, as though they wolde nat go thence in a moneth.
1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. 90 [We] were..harboured in a green plot of ground resembling a meadow.
3. † b. Of a place, etc.: To afford accommodation or room for; to contain, hold. Obsolete.
a. To give shelter to, to shelter. Formerly often in a good sense: to keep in safety or security, to protect; now mostly dyslogistic, as to conceal or give covert to noxious animals or vermin; to give secret or clandestine entertainment to noxious persons or offenders against the laws. Also absol.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter > specifically a person, esp. fugitive
receiptc1300
resetc1300
harbour?a1366
receivec1384
harbry14..
recept1472
receive1533
α.
β. 1420 Surtees Misc. (1888) 17 Yt lette noght William Selby to herber hys tymber apon the same walle.1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij b Ye shall say thus: An hert Herbourghith.c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xxix/2 Yf any freman..suffer ony wares or marchaundises..to be kepte or herbowryd in his house.γ. 1579 J. Stubbs Discouerie Gaping Gulf sig. B6v To harbarough the persecuted Christians in your owne kingdome.δ. c1460 How Marchande dyd Wyfe betray 148 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. I. 201 Y swere..Y wylle neuyr harbur the kyngys felone.1472 Presentm. Juries in Surtees Misc. (1888) 25 Oone panyermaker..harbers suspect persones in his hous.1576 A. Fleming tr. Isocrates in Panoplie Epist. 180 Ignoraunt what lewdnes lurketh, and what heynousnesse is harboured in the deedes they go about.1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. xviii. 108 Traitours, which harboured themselues in the bogs and woods.1659 D. Pell Πελαγος 106 (note) I would have Captains to say that our ships shal harbour no such Sailors.1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 44 These Woods harbour vast numbers of Monkeys.1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 131. ¶5 He wishes Sir Roger does not harbour a Jesuit in his House.1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry i. vi. 12 Dung harbours insects.1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 641 After the conviction of the rebels whom she had harboured.1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. III. 780 Cocoa-nut fibre..does not harbour vermin.1898 N.E.D. at Harbour Mod. Newsp. A tobacconist was fined £100 for harboring smuggled tobacco.figurative.1650 T. Hubbert Pilula 15 It is a dangerous thing to harbor a Traytor within your brest.1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. x. 173 What religion can it be that harbours such a villain?1842 H. Rogers Ess. I. i. 33 Harbouring every vagrant story that may ask shelter in his pages.?a1366 Romaunt Rose 491 The gardin was not daungerous To herberwe briddes many oon.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxii. 320 Ordeyne þe an hous, peers, to herberghen in thi cornes.
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. cxxv. 66 This scauberk is cleped humilitee..in whiche thow shuldest thi swerd herberwe.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i. xx The swalowe..herberowed her in the plowgh mans hows.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)]
holdc1000
takec1175
keep1340
harbour1362
containa1382
comprehend1393
comprise1483
carry1517
house1542
refrain1542
to fetch in1565
enharbour1596
inhold1614
reserve1614
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. ii. 40 Bote þer nas halle ne hous þat miht herborwe þe peple.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) v. iii. 106 The mydle moder beclyppyth the brayne and herboryth and holdeth togyders the veynes of the brayne.
c1440 York Myst. xv. 125 It [a horn spoon] will herbar fourty pese.
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. ix. 131 That there is but one God, and that The Ayre, The Heauen, the Sea, the Earth, and Hell..were harbered in his breast from all eternitie.
1667 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities (ed. 2) The specifick actions of a Body that harbours subordinate Forms.
1680 R. Boyle Exper. & Notes Prodvcibleness Chymicall Princ. v. 240 in Sceptical Chymist (new ed.) The Aeriall particles, that are wont to be harboured in the Pores of that liquor.
4.
a. figurative. To entertain within the breast; to cherish privately; to indulge. Now usually in reference to evil thoughts or designs.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > emotional attitude > hold, entertain, or cherish (a feeling) [verb (transitive)]
haveOE
takec1175
feelc1225
makec1225
hoard1340
cherishc1385
harbour1393
nourisha1522
nurse1567
lodge1583
carry1586
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. viii. 258 In þyn hole herte to herberghwen alle treuthe.
1576 A. Fleming tr. Erasmus in Panoplie Epist. 337 O heart appointed even from thy creation to harbour kindenesse.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 Such festred rancoure doo Sayncts celestial harbour?
1601 F. Godwin Catal. Bishops of Eng. 353 The citizens..harboring their old grudge.
1602 S. Rowlands Tis Merrie 20 I know that beauteous wenches are enclinde, To harbour hansome men within their minde.
1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. iii. 109 They will be tempted to harbour suspicions.
1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 240 Hearts..that harbour at this hour, That love of Christ and all its quick'ning pow'r.
1840 W. Irving Oliver Goldsmith I. 19 It was impossible for him to harbour resentment.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 70 He believed them to harbour the worst designs.
b. In passive. Of a devil or evil spirit: to be lodged in or take possession of (a person).
ΚΠ
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 143 Seuen awergede gostes ware on hire ȝeherbereȝede.
5. To shelter (a ship) in a haven or harbour.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > berth, moor, or anchor (a ship) [verb (transitive)] > bring into harbour or port
harbour1555
porta1625
haven1631
hovel1891
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. i. f. 2 Naturall hauens, of capacitie to harborowe greate nauies of shippes.
1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 232 A faire haven, where the ships of Alger are safely harboured.
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island xii. lii. 171 Harbour my fleshly bark safe in thy wounded side.
1693 London Gaz. No. 2849/4 Directions..how to Harbour a Ship in the same with Safety.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid iv, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 202 I..Harboured his vessels, saved from death his mariner band.
6. To trace (a stag) to his ‘harbour’ or lair. Also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [verb (transitive)] > hunt deer > other deer-hunting actions
strikea1400
rechasea1450
harbour1531
lodge1575
blanch1592
fresh find1811
withe1839
flag1884
yarda1891
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xviii. sig. Jvii A few nombre of houndes, onely to harborowe, or rouse, the game.
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxix. 239 We Herbor and Unherbor a Harte..we lodge & rowse a Bucke.
a1637 B. Jonson Sad Shepherd i. ii. 9 in Wks. (1640) III Here's Little Iohn hath harbord you a Deere. View more context for this quotation
1736 Compl. Family-piece ii. i. 209 In Harbouring the Hart, the Huntsman or Harbinger must..put his Hound before him, and beat the Outside of the Springs or Thickets.
1886 Wood in Good Words 690 A..tigress had been tracked..and at last ‘harboured’, as Stag-hunters say, in a small thicket.
1892 H. G. Hutchinson Fairway Island 6 I can harbour a stag against any man on Exmoor.
II. intransitive.figurative.1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. 105 b But nowe this plague..doth not onely herberoughe emonge temporall men.a1593 C. Marlowe Edward II (1594) sig. I4v Thinke not a thought so villanous Can harbor in a man of noble birth.1595 Blanchardine & Eglantine liv. 207 Neither sleepe nor quiet could harber in her head.1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion ii. 33 Scare any of us (answered he) ever suffer such a thought to harbour in our minds.1760 W. Law Spirit of Prayer ii. 161 No vice can harbor in you.1796 Hist. Ned Evans I. 266 If envy could have harboured in such a breast as Sophia's.
7. To shelter oneself, lodge, take shelter; to encamp; later, often with some notion of lurking or concealment. archaic or Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > [verb (intransitive)]
liec1000
harbourc1200
sojournc1290
layc1300
sojourc1330
to make, take (up) one's lodging1362
pilgrimagea1382
bield?a1400
lodgec1400
tarryc1400
to make (one's) residence1433
harbingec1475
harbry1513
stay1554
roost?1555
embower1591
quarter1591
leaguer1596
allodge1601
tenta1616
visit1626
billet1628
to lie abroad1650
tabernacle1653
sojourney1657
canton1697
stop1797
to shake down1858
to hole up1875
perendinate1886
shack1935
cotch1950
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > take or seek refuge [verb (intransitive)] > take shelter
harbourc1200
shelter1602
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 87 Ȝif he mai þer-inne herberȝen.
1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 10290 Lete hym herber yn hys hous.
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. pr. vi. 53 Wont to sleen hys gestes þat herburghden in hys hous.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 5251 Thar herborghede þe king & ys barouns, Wyþ-oute tentes oþer pauyllouns.
c1400 Rowland & O. 745 Vnder a Mountayne þey herberde þan Besyde a reuer.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin viii. 125 Ye sholde not fynde an house in-to herberowe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iv. viii. 78 Now for this Night, let's harbor here in Yorke. View more context for this quotation
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. x. 448 Others say that the Robbers themselves harbour'd here.
a1763 W. Shenstone Oeconomy i, in Wks. Verse & Prose (1764) I. 287 Beneath one common roof Thou ne'er shalt harbour.
1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 59 Where the Dove and Olive-Bough Once hung, a Poet harbours now.
1807 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) ii. 200 I was suspicious that possibly some party of Indians might be harboring round.
8. Of an animal: To have its retreat or resort; spec. said of a stag.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > inhabit [verb (intransitive)]
harbour1599
reside1640
1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. M8 It is a Seafish..It harboureth some time about the shore.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 862 Penguin..cannot flie,..feeds on fish and grasse, and harbors in berries.
1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iii. xiv. 176 You shall say that a Hart Harboureth.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 338 Here the bellowing Harts are said to harbour..the belling Roes to bed.
1790 Coll. Voy. round World V. x. 1681 The place where the turtle were known to harbour.
1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius iii. 46 In the woody parts wild boars frequently harboured.
9.
a. Of a ship (or its crew): To take shelter or come to anchor in a haven or harbour. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > berth, moor, or anchor [verb (intransitive)] > come into harbour
havenc1384
harbry1513
harbour1582
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 47 Wee saulflye dyd harbor in hauen.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 207 To shew what Coast thy sluggish care Might'st easilest harbour in. View more context for this quotation
a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) iii. 331/2 He might have Harbour'd in Falmouth.
1718 S. Sewall Diary 12 May (1973) II. 895 Wind was Contrary that was forc't to harbour at Marblehead.
1842 R. Browning Waring in Bells & Pomegranates No. III: Dramatic Lyrics 11/2 We were sailing by Triest, Where a day or two we harboured.
b. Of tanks, military forces, etc.: to shelter; to halt for the night. Cf. senses 7, 9.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > take up quarters [verb (intransitive)] > encamp
camp1543
encamp1579
leaguer1629
laager1879
harbour1935
1935 Jrnl. Royal United Service Inst. Nov. 747 The aeroplane cannot hit a moving tank with a bomb, but when the tanks harbour, the aircraft will make every effort to locate and bomb them... The bombing of tanks in harbour will cause immediate dispersion.
1948 E. Partridge et al. Dict. Forces' Slang 91 Harbour, halting place for the night for guns and tanks. Also a verb.
1956 W. Slim Defeat into Victory 498 That night our leading troops harboured two hundred and forty miles from Rangoon.
Derivatives
ˈharboured adj.
ΚΠ
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Wisd. v. 15 An herborid man of a dai, that passith forth.
1833 W. Wordsworth Warning 44 Harboured ships, whose pride is on the sea.
1835 I. Taylor Spiritual Despotism viii. 361 A harboured grudge and exasperation.
ˈharbouring adj.
ΚΠ
1743 J. Davidson tr. Virgil Æneid viii. 267 Calling his vanquished Sons into his Azure Bosom and harbouring streams.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.1c1150
n.21505
n.31797
v.c1150