hapaadv.adj.n.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːpə/, U.S.

/ˈhɑpə/,

/ˈhæpə/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Hawaiian. Partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: Hawaiian hapa ; hapa haole adj.; hapa haole n.; Hawaiian hapa haole.

Etymology: As adverb < Hawaiian hapa half (see hapa haole n.), after English half- comb. form; compare e.g. Hawaiian hapa Hawai’i half Hawaiian. As adjective short for hapa haole adj. (a corresponding use of Hawaiian hapa is apparently after English). As noun apparently short for hapa haole n. or its etymon Hawaiian hapa haole (with use with reference to cross-bred pigs in sense C. 1 compare Hawaiian haole type of white pig, specific use of haole white: see haole n.). Compare similar uses of Hawaiian hapa, although it is unclear whether they predate the English noun uses.

Chiefly U.S. (originally regional (Hawaii)).

A. adv.

In descriptions of a person's nationality or origin: half, partly.

ΚΠ

1937 Roaming in Hawaii 279 ‘I'm hapa-Hawaiian, hapa-sailor,’ proudly announces a fourteen-year-old boy with a glint of red in his hair.

1951 J. Jones From Here to Eternity xvi. 224 Best of all, the hapa-Portagee girls with their hot smoking, cat clawing sexiness.

1996 Third Force 31 Oct. 26 Written by Kiana Davenport, a hapa-Hawaiian writer.

2004 M. H. Kingston Fifth Bk. Peace 314 ‘Are you hapa Chinese?’ He said, ‘It's possible. I could be Chinese. I was adopted.’

B. adj.

Of or designating a person of mixed race, esp. a person who is partially of East Asian, South-East Asian, or Pacific Islander descent.

ΚΠ

1973 Aiken (S. Carolina) Standard 5 Dec. 16 b/4 These growing half-bloods [sc. children of American soldiers and Korean women] have banded together and formed a fraternity of their own called the Hapa Club. Hapa is a Hawaiian word for half-blood.

1989 N.Y. Times 24 Sept. i. 22/1 A 22-year-old graduate student who once called herself ‘half-Japanese and half-white’, now uses the Hawaiian word for ‘half’, saying simply, ‘I'm hapa’.

1995 L. Yamanaka Wild Meat & Bully Burgers 217 Everybody wants a hapa girlfriend or boyfriend. Everybody wants a part Hawaiian person.

2010 M. P. Johnston in K. L. Nadal Filipino Amer. Psychol. 212 Claiming a Hapa identity was empowering because it felt like I finally had a term that fit who I truly was. When I was with a group of other Hapa people, I didn't have to..answer the ‘what are you?’ question.

C. n.

1. U.S. regional (Hawaii). A hybrid or cross-bred pig. rare.

ΚΠ

1985 J. R. K. Clark Beaches of Big Island 152/2 The progeny of the cross breeding, the ‘hapas’, still roam the backlands of Waimanu and are said to be among the biggest wild pigs in the Hawaiian Islands.

2. A person of mixed race, esp. a person who is partially of East Asian, South-East Asian, or Pacific Islander descent.

ΚΠ

1987 H. Irwin Kim/Kimi vii. 118 My mother is not Japanese. My father was disowned for marrying her. As Ernie says, I'm a Hapa.

1997 Asianweek 20 Feb. 4 Following the abolition of anti-miscegenation laws in the 1960s, we outmarried to whites at such a rapid rate that some academics theorized that by the turn of the century Asian America would be comprised mostly of hapas.

1998 Yolk 31 Mar. 26 A 40-year-old Japanese/African American Hapa.

2004 B. Y. Thompson in L. T. Vo et al. Asian-Amer. Women 340 She was also a hapa—mixed Hawaiian, Filipina, and white.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hapa
释义	hapaadv.adj.n. Brit. /ˈhɑːpə/, U.S. /ˈhɑpə/, /ˈhæpə/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Hawaiian. Partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: Hawaiian hapa ; hapa haole adj.; hapa haole n.; Hawaiian hapa haole. Etymology: As adverb < Hawaiian hapa half (see hapa haole n.), after English half- comb. form; compare e.g. Hawaiian hapa Hawai’i half Hawaiian. As adjective short for hapa haole adj. (a corresponding use of Hawaiian hapa is apparently after English). As noun apparently short for hapa haole n. or its etymon Hawaiian hapa haole (with use with reference to cross-bred pigs in sense C. 1 compare Hawaiian haole type of white pig, specific use of haole white: see haole n.). Compare similar uses of Hawaiian hapa, although it is unclear whether they predate the English noun uses. Chiefly U.S. (originally regional (Hawaii)). A. adv. In descriptions of a person's nationality or origin: half, partly. ΚΠ 1937 Roaming in Hawaii 279 ‘I'm hapa-Hawaiian, hapa-sailor,’ proudly announces a fourteen-year-old boy with a glint of red in his hair. 1951 J. Jones From Here to Eternity xvi. 224 Best of all, the hapa-Portagee girls with their hot smoking, cat clawing sexiness. 1996 Third Force 31 Oct. 26 Written by Kiana Davenport, a hapa-Hawaiian writer. 2004 M. H. Kingston Fifth Bk. Peace 314 ‘Are you hapa Chinese?’ He said, ‘It's possible. I could be Chinese. I was adopted.’ B. adj. Of or designating a person of mixed race, esp. a person who is partially of East Asian, South-East Asian, or Pacific Islander descent. ΚΠ 1973 Aiken (S. Carolina) Standard 5 Dec. 16 b/4 These growing half-bloods [sc. children of American soldiers and Korean women] have banded together and formed a fraternity of their own called the Hapa Club. Hapa is a Hawaiian word for half-blood. 1989 N.Y. Times 24 Sept. i. 22/1 A 22-year-old graduate student who once called herself ‘half-Japanese and half-white’, now uses the Hawaiian word for ‘half’, saying simply, ‘I'm hapa’. 1995 L. Yamanaka Wild Meat & Bully Burgers 217 Everybody wants a hapa girlfriend or boyfriend. Everybody wants a part Hawaiian person. 2010 M. P. Johnston in K. L. Nadal Filipino Amer. Psychol. 212 Claiming a Hapa identity was empowering because it felt like I finally had a term that fit who I truly was. When I was with a group of other Hapa people, I didn't have to..answer the ‘what are you?’ question. C. n. 1. U.S. regional (Hawaii). A hybrid or cross-bred pig. rare. ΚΠ 1985 J. R. K. Clark Beaches of Big Island 152/2 The progeny of the cross breeding, the ‘hapas’, still roam the backlands of Waimanu and are said to be among the biggest wild pigs in the Hawaiian Islands. 2. A person of mixed race, esp. a person who is partially of East Asian, South-East Asian, or Pacific Islander descent. ΚΠ 1987 H. Irwin Kim/Kimi vii. 118 My mother is not Japanese. My father was disowned for marrying her. As Ernie says, I'm a Hapa. 1997 Asianweek 20 Feb. 4 Following the abolition of anti-miscegenation laws in the 1960s, we outmarried to whites at such a rapid rate that some academics theorized that by the turn of the century Asian America would be comprised mostly of hapas. 1998 Yolk 31 Mar. 26 A 40-year-old Japanese/African American Hapa. 2004 B. Y. Thompson in L. T. Vo et al. Asian-Amer. Women 340 She was also a hapa—mixed Hawaiian, Filipina, and white. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.adj.n.1937
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