armourarmorn.

Brit.

/ˈɑːmə/, U.S.

/ˈɑrmər/

Forms: Middle English aarmer, Middle English aarmour, Middle English aremure, Middle English armeure, Middle English armewres (plural), Middle English armowr, Middle English armowre, Middle English armvre, Middle English armwr, Middle English harmor, Middle English 1600s armere, Middle English–1500s armore, Middle English–1500s armur, Middle English–1500s 1800s armure, Middle English–1600s armeur, Middle English–1600s armoure, Middle English–1700s armer, Middle English– armor (now chiefly U.S.), Middle English– armour; Scottish pre-1700 airmor, pre-1700 airmour, pre-1700 armeur, pre-1700 armor, pre-1700 armore, pre-1700 armoure, pre-1700 armowr, pre-1700 armure, pre-1700 armwre, pre-1700 1700s– armour.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French armour.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman armour, armoure, armur, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French armeure, armure, Anglo-Norman and Middle French armeur (French armure ) each of the defensive pieces, or all of them, which protect the body of a combatant against injury by his or her adversary (1130), military equipment, arms (1196), an offensive weapon (c1200), mental or spiritual defence or protection, also a means of such protection (1226), heraldic insignia or devices (c1236), battle (13th cent.), the protective or defensive outer layer or covering of an animal or a plant (13th cent. in an isolated attestation, and subsequently from 1611, with reference to animals; 1501 with reference to plants), in Anglo-Norman also feats of arms, warfare (13th or 14th cent. in an apparently isolated attestation) < classical Latin armātūra armature n. Compare post-classical Latin armura (from 1306 in British sources). Compare later armature n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.In sense 2c after French armure (1825 in the passage translated in quot. 1838, or earlier, in this sense). In sense 12 after German Panzerung (1909 in this sense: A. Penck, in Geograph. Zeitschr. 15 551), lit. ‘armour’. In the following quot., glossed by N.E.D. (1885) as ‘for armer or armourer’, the meaning is uncertain and could also be sense 1:1629 tr. S. Pelegromius Descr. S'hertogenbosh 38 We brought also in the Towne many armours, and a Serjeant of theirs.

I. Military equipment and related senses.

†1. The whole apparatus of war collectively; military equipment, both offensive and defensive; arms, weaponry. Also occasionally as a count noun (in plural). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > [noun]

gearc1275

armourc1300

armsc1325

armingc1330

ordnancea1393

armourer?c1400

artilleryc1405

habiliments1422

artry1447

armaturea1460

apparamenta1464

atour1480

munitionc1515

furnishments1559

furniture1569

equipage1579

ammunition?1588

magazine1588

victuals1653

war1667

armament1668

contraband1753

stuff1883

c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) 955 Other armure nadde he none, for holi churche to fiȝte.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3769 (MED) Gailier greiþed were neuer gomes seie, of alle maner armure þat to werre longed.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) 1 Kings xx. 40 Jonathas ȝaf hise armeris [L. arma] to the child.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 152 This herd þe kyng, and stuffid þe Tour with vitaile and armour.

1566 T. Becon New Postil i. f. 72 But here is no princely prouision, no armour, no riches, no waightyng men, no appointyng of offices.

1601 J. Melville in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 269 We being fyve w^tin burd and haiffing twa pistolets wt thrie swordes and they na armour they war fean to let ws be.

1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 476 The armours of the vanquisht were not consumed with fire.

1761 D. Dumaresque in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 485 Their armour for war is a bow and arrows.

1769 J. Brown Dict. Holy Bible II. 508/1 Spear, or halberd, seems to have been anciently a common piece of warlike armour.

a. Defensive covering for the whole body worn when fighting; spec. = mail n.³ 2a. Cf. arms n. 4a. Now chiefly historical.suit of armour: see suit n. 25.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun]

here-weedsOE

weedOE

here-scrudc1275

armourc1325

armsc1325

armingc1330

armouryc1330

harnessc1330

warnementa1400

fighting-wisec1400

gome-graithc1420

graithc1420

armaturea1460

habiliment1470

furniture1569

proof1583

harnessment1610

pewter1622

equipage1633

pamphract1934

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 8195 He & his armure were þoru out hot.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ii. l. 155 May non Armure hit lette.

c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) l. 680 (MED) Armour also oute of yrne and stele, She forged firste the body to defende.

?c1500 Killing of Children (Digby) l. 352 Harneysed in armour of plate and maile.

a1594 J. White in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1600) III. 293 My armour almost eaten through with rust.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iii. vii. 1 I haue the best armour in the world.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 209 Arms on Armour clashing.

1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. iii. 407 Beside each Chief his Azure Armour lay.

1880 B. Disraeli Endymion II. xxiii. 237 Prince Florestan, in a suit of blue damascened armour.

1923 Times 12 Nov. 17/3 He is in complete armour, and she in a rich gown, as they lie side by side.

2010 P. R. Coss Found. Gentry Life ix. 181 Stained glass at Carlton Scroop..portrays Sir John de Newmarch as a kneeling figure in armour.

b. As a count noun: a complete set of pieces of defensive covering for the whole body; a suit of armour. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > suit of armour

armoura1425

furniture1569

suit?1586

panopliaa1612

panoplya1637

a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 931 (MED) Somme weore perced in armures Þoruȝ scheldis and þoruȝ armes.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. cclxxviii/1 He had..armours ynowe for to garnysshe with seuen thousand men.

1569 Tract in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 75 Rich and costly armours, guilt and engrauen.

a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 140 Furnished with about sixty or seventy armours for horse.

1681 Arraignm.,Tryal & Condemnation S. Colledge 38 Did he discourse anything to you about Arms..Yes, he did, I had an Armour from him.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) A compleat Armor antiently consisted of a Cask or Helm, a Gorget, Cuirasse, Gantelets, Tasses, Brassets, Cuisses, and Covers for the Legs.

1821 L. Hunt Indicator 21 Mar. 188 That god-smith Vulcan, who having taken his wife, yet was presently appeased, and entreated to make an armour for a husband of hers.

2006 C. Gravett Tudor Knight 20 When men of rank wanted to take part in tournaments, they might require armours for several types of contest.

c. The metal protective sheathing or cladding of a warship, fortification, military vehicle, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for vehicle, ship, etc. > [noun]

arming1424

armour1838

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > sheathing > armour-plating

belting1567

armour plate1683

belt1822

armour1838

armour plating1860

cuirass1860

belt armour1866

water-line armour1884

glacis plate1889

1838 J. A. Dahlgren tr. H. J. Paixhans Acct. Exper. French Navy Trial Bomb Cannon 41 In 1809 I made a trial of the kind, and proposed that iron armour [Fr. les armures en fer] be used jointly with bomb guns.

1855 W. M. Gwin (D.A.E.) (title) Report [of] the Committee on Naval Affairs, who were instructed to inquire into the expediency of using submarine armors in the United States navy.

1861 in Official Rec. Union & Confederate Navies (U.S.) (1896) 1st Ser. IV. 222 This addition would nearly treble the strength of the armor.

1870 in Eng. Mech. 7 Jan. 396/2 A belt of armour..to protect broadside guns.

1883 Times 27 Aug. 3/5 Three balls penetrated the armour of the Bayard.

1962 Mariner's Mirror 48 295 She..was termed a central citadel ship, her armour being concentrated in the centre.

2001 Guardian 11 Oct. (Online section) 20/6 The new armour made Soviet tanks virtually immune to Nato's anti-tank weapons.

d. Armoured vehicles collectively.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > military vehicles > [noun] > armed or armoured > armoured vehicles collectively

armour1942

1942 Daily Tel. 3 Sept. 6/6 Breaking up his armour into comparatively small groups of..tanks, he began ‘swanning about’, feeling..for them [sc. British tanks].

1968 M. Richler Year at Arabian Nights Hotel in Tamarack Rev. Spring 9 Israeli armour had gone into action. A fierce tank battle was in progress.

2005 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 Apr. 41/2 Within it a clutter of tan American armor and, among the humvees and blast barriers and tank traps, a sudden burst of movement.

3. figurative. Mental or spiritual defence or protection; a quality, trait, characteristic, etc., which provides this. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence

hornc825

shieldc1200

warranta1272

bergha1325

armour1340

hedge1340

defencec1350

bucklerc1380

protectiona1382

safety1399

targea1400

suretyc1405

wall1412

pavise?a1439

fencec1440

safeguard?c1500

pale?a1525

waretack1542

muniment1546

shrouda1561

bulwark1577

countermure1581

ward1582

prevention1584

armourya1586

fortificationa1586

securitya1586

penthouse1589

palladium1600

guard1609

subtectacle1609

tutament1609

umbrella1609

bastion1615

screena1616

amulet1621

alexikakon1635

breastwork1643

security1643

protectionary1653

sepiment1660

back1680

shadower1691

aegis1760

inoculation1761

buoya1770

propugnaculum1773

panoply1789

armament1793

fascine1793

protective1827

beaver1838

face shield1842

vaccine1861

zariba1885

wolf-platform1906

firebreak1959

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 203 Þet is þe armure þet þe dyeuel dret mest.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. xiii. 12 Be we clothid with the armeris [L. arma] of liȝt.

?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 65 Sixe armours þe apostle rehersiþ þan armyn þe soule.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xiii. 12 Let vs put on the Armoure of lyght. [So subseq. vers.]

1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 37 Put on the whole armor of God.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §55. 124 To perfect vertue..there is required a..compleat armour, that whilst we lye at close ward against one vice we lye [not] open to the vennie of another.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 491 And also arme With spiritual Armour .

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 114. ⁋7 Putting on unnecessary Armour against improbable Blows of Fortune.

1792 R. Burns Let. 6 Dec. (1985) II. 165 I pick up favorite quotations, & store them in my mind as ready armour.

1822 Ld. Byron Werner i. i. 664 Suspicion is a heavy armour.

2007 K. Sathyanarayana Power Humor Workplace ii. 66 Your guidance will be valued by everyone and the armor of Humor will shield you from any attack.

†4. The use of arms; warfare, fighting, active hostilities; = arms n. 3b Cf. to take up (also take, rise up in) armour at Phrases 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > [noun]

campOE

winOE

armoura1387

battlea1400

cocka1400

poynyec1425

combattery1524

hostility1531

combattencie1586

conflict1611

armed conflict1834

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 41 Þe Romaynes hadde i-meoved noon armour [L. arma] wiþ oute Italy.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 8^v For he moste be tauȝt al þe nombre of armure [L. armaturae numeros omnes].

1526 Bp. J. Clerk To Wolsey in MS Cott. Calig. D ix. 104 For a suspention off armeur.

1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) vi. xxxii. 141 She armour still pursu'd.

1602 W. Warner Epitome Hist. Eng. in Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) 384 Insurrections, and ciuill armor.

5. The protective or defensive outer layer or covering of an animal or (occasionally) a plant. Formerly also (in abstract sense): †natural protection or defence (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering

armoura1398

crust1615

armature1653

mail1713

shell1774

buckler1828

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxii. 1211 Pikes hileþ him [sc. the urchin] as þe here doþ oþer bestes and been his wepene and armure.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Hh2 The firmnesse of hides is for the armour of the body against extremities of heate or cold.

1647 A. Cowley Request in Mistress vi Piercing the armour of their [sc. fishes'] Scales.

1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. at Pubes Linneus's original word was Pubescentia, and he explained it to mean the armour of a plant, by which it is defended from external injuries: thus comprehending Thorns and Prickles.

1814 Monthly Mag. 38 148 Thy burnish'd armure speck with glossier jet.

1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 165 In these colossal armadillos the trunk-armour was in one immovable piece.

1934 E. Olson Thing of Sorrow 10 Creature without wings Or fur or beetle's armour.

1978 Copeia No. 2. 372/2 Westphal does not go much beyond a detailed description of these few fossils, [and] a brief comparison of their armour to that of turtles.

2009 P. Forbes Dazzled & Deceived xiv. 219 The stickleback uses armour rather than camouflage as its defence.

II. In heraldry.

6. Heraldic insignia or devices; = arms n. 5. Also: a coat of arms.In later use only in coat-armour n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > [noun] > armorial bearings or coat of arms > tabard

armour?a1425

coat of arms1490

midlag1824

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > [noun]

arming1446

coat-armour1486

arms1489

armory1525

armour1548

blazonrya1649

emblazonry1667

emblazoning1820

scutcheonry1827

?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 52 In þe armour of Iesu Crist þei don þe fendis werkis.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxiij To colouren or hiden in any maner tho, armures.

1683 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) I. 264 A pair of pistolls, and an armour made of silk.

c1689 in J. Y. Akerman Moneys Secret Services Charles II & James II (1851) 43 For a suite of silk armour 31 li.

III. Something that gives protection.

†7. Nautical. A strip of cloth fixed to an exposed part of a ship to protect the crew. Only in top-armour n. at top n.¹ and adj. Compounds 2b(b). Cf. arming n.¹ 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > mast > platform at top of mast > embattled platform on warship > armour on

armour1466

top-armour1485

top-arming1486

top-armsc1599

1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 351 Blanket for sheldes for toppe armore of the kervelle, xiiij.d.

a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301) Topparmors are the clothes which are tied aboute the Tops of the mastes for shewe and also for to hide menn in the Fight.

1906 J. Masefield On Spanish Main xvi. 294 They rigged what was called a top-arming, or top armour, a strip of cloth like the ‘war girdle’ of the Norse longships, across the unprotected space.

†8. Magnetism. Material used as the keeper of a magnet; (as a count noun) = keeper n. 6b. Cf. armature n. 4a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > armature

armour1613

armature1747

keeper1837

1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies xxiv. 88 The superficies of the Magnet about the pole is flatted and made plaine, hauing armour applied to it.

1731 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 333 Touched on the soft Armour of a Magnet.

1835 R. Wallace tr. L. A. J. Quetelet Facts, Laws & Phenomena Nat. Philos. 221 The most convenient thickness to give to the armour can only be known by experience.

1908 Canad. Patent 115,191 3 The cylinder is made of soft iron and serves as an armor for the electro magnet.

9. slang. A condom or similar contraceptive device. Now rare (archaic).armor is a proprietary name for condoms in the United States.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [noun] > a contraceptive > condom

condom?1706

armour1708

machine1749

protective1827

French letter?1844

sheath1861

French safe1868

letterc1890

rubber1913

Durex1932

prophylactic1934

raincoat1934

male condom1938

Trojan1951

safety1952

safe1959

Frenchy1963

scumbag1967

internal condom1969

franger1975

dicksack1996

1708 Almonds for Parrots (new ed.) 5 Achilles Armour cannot match with thine. Thine makes the Knight invulnerable still; And Condon triumph's o'er Apollo's Skill.

1728 W. Kennett in W. Pattison Cupid's Metamorph. 309 His ill-foreboding Fears deny him Rest, And fancy'd Poxes vex his tortur'd Bones! Too late convinc'd of Armour's sovereign Use.

1762 J. Boswell Jrnl. 25 Nov. in London Jrnl. (1950) 49 I picked up a girl in the Strand; went into a court with intention to enjoy her in armour.

1828 S. F. Gray Suppl. Pharmacopœia (ed. 4) ii. 135 Condoms, Armour, Baudruches, Redingotes Anglaises.

1980 E. Jong Fanny ii. iii. 192 I'faith, they gets 'em a special cheap Rate when they enjoy in Armor, but none o' the Swains like an armor'd Cock as well as a bare 'un.

10. A diver's protective watertight covering.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > movement in or on water > [noun] > underwater swimming > equipment

armour1721

lifeline1808

shot line1884

plumper line1896

shot rope1909

aqualung1950

scuba1952

snorkel1953

weight belt1955

umbilical pipe1968

1721 Philos. Trans. Abridg'd 1700–20 (Royal Soc.) 1 i. v. 420 The water..presses with so much Force on all the junctures, where the Armour is made tight with Leather, Skins, or such like, that if there be the least Defect in any of them, the whole engine will instantly fill with water.

1832 Edinb. Encycl. VII. 616/2 These pipes supplied the diver with air, whilst the armour..allowed his chest to dilate upon inspiration.

1869 Eng. Mech. 1 Oct. 39/1 The best armours now in use are those made of rubber and canvas..The use of this bell has been superseded by the submarine armour.

1928 Pop. Sci. Nov. 47/2 A diver in the new deep-sea armor, being hauled from the water.

2012 C. Veit Raising Missouri ix. 146 The weight of the armor would help, but resurfacing was usually facilitated by heaving up the signal line as the diver climbed rung by rung.

11. Civil Engineering. A revetment, usually constructed from large rocks or concrete blocks, which protects a shoreline, breakwater, etc., from erosion by the sea.

ΚΠ

1904 Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers 52 203 The gravel, unless very coarse, will seek a flatter slope by running into, and possibly through, the armor.

1961 A. DeF. Quinn Design & Constr. Ports & Marine Struct. iv. 176 Armor made with fitted blocks results in a structure which acts differently than that made with pell-mell blocks.

1987 New Yorker 23 Feb. 86/2 Nettles asked Dugie how long he thought the new armor would last. Dugie said, ‘Two high waters’.

1991 J. S. Scott Penguin Dict. Civil Engin. 17/2 The top layer (main armour) has the largest blocks, often weighing 25 tons or more, while those below it are progressively smaller.

12. Geology. A surface layer of coarser particles overlying a layer of finer particles, caused by selective erosion in a desert or (now esp.) on a river bed.

ΚΠ

1914 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 46 301 Such an armor is naturally best developed upon the high hamadas which are preeminently areas of removal rather than of deposition of débris.

1963 Proc. Fed. Inter-Agency Sedimentation Conf. 470/2 These characteristics of bed armor below Fort Rendall indicate that perhaps further degradation might be encouraged by disturbing this surface layer.

2005 M. J. Kirkby in J. Holden Introd. Physical Geogr. & Environment xi. 266/1 The coarse armour progressively begins to protect the soil by reducing detachment rates, increasing infiltration and providing an increased resistance to flow.

Phrases

P1. to take up (also take, rise up in) armour and variants: to take up arms, to prepare to fight; (also) to make war. Now historical and rare.

ΚΠ

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 275 (MED) Nynus kyng of Assiriens..bare out armour [?a1475 anon. tr. gedrede an hoste; L. arma foris extulit].

1570 Homelie against Disobedience i. sig. Biv Subiectes..who..take armor wickedly,..to break the publike peace.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 57/1 in Chron. I To keepe them from rising vp in armor against him.

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. iii. viii. 43 (note) The Iewes beganne..to take armour agaynst the Romaynes.

a1632 T. Taylor God's Judgem. (1642) i. i. vii. 15 So..foolish hardy as to take up armour.

1746 Mem. Life Lord Lovat 46 The Major it seems was able to persuade him to quit the Frock, to take up Armour and the broad Sword.

2013 J. Peakman Pleasure's All Mine v. 154 She had dressed as a man when she took up armour in order to fight.

P2. to call (also blow, command) to armour = to call to arms at arms n. Phrases 1i. rare.

ΚΠ

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 242 (MED) Thanne kyng Eualach Comanded Anon His Men to Armure.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 124/1 in Chron. I Caused the Trumpet to blowe to armor.

2007 L. Delacruz Absalom ii. vi. 88 Yes, let the shofar's sound be loud. Call to armor from North and South.

P3. armour of proof: see proof n. 9a.

Compounds

armour-fish n. any of various extant or fossil fishes having the body partly protected by bony scales or plates. [In quot. 1747 apparently after Chinese †zhòujiă yú, denoting an unidentified kind of fish ( < †zhòujiă full armour, lit. ‘helmet-armour’ + yú fish).] In quot. 1748, probably a catfish of the family Doradidae.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Scorpaeniformes (scorpion-fish) > [noun] > member of family Agonidae (poacher)

poggea1672

armour-fish1747

pluck1808

sea-poacher1811

poacher1961

1747 New Gen. Coll. Voy. & Trav. IV. 316/1 One is called Cho-kya-yu, that is the Armour-Fish, because its Back, Belly, and Sides, are covered with sharp Scales, placed in strait Rows.

1748 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 45 170 Cataphractus Americanus, the Armour-Fish..less than a Foot in length, and four Inches broad.

1883 Amer. Naturalist 17 481 These ‘armor-fish’ [i.e. armoured catfishes] remind one of the old Devonian and Carboniferous ganoids.

1952 W. J. Miller Introd. Hist. Geol. (ed. 6) 536 Ostracoderms (e.g., armor fishes, now wholly extinct) are among the very simplest of vertebrates.

armour glass n. toughened sheet glass; cf. armoured adj. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > toughened glass

wire glass1894

armour glass1907

safety glass1912

armour plate1914

triplex1923

1907 4th Internat. Congr. Master Spinners' & Manufacturers' Assoc. 288 (table) If there is a waste-cotton store situated in the works or in the buildings communicating with the latter even if by iron doors or armour-glass.

1932 Jrnl. Soc. Glass Technol. 16 478 Armour Glass..similar to that made by Messrs. Pilkington Bros. in this country.

2012 West Austral. (Perth) (Nexis) 3 Mar. (MOD section) 19 The consoles were tuned to suit the best available curved armour glass.

armour joint n. rare a joint in a suit of armour.

ΚΠ

1856 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 124/2 Thou sayest well. How oft a random shaft Striketh King Truth betwixt the armour joints!

1999 D. R. Ross On Trail William Wallace (2001) viii. 72 The riders being thrown by the rearing mounts, to be stabbed through eye-slits or armour joints.

armour-making n. the action of making or manufacturing armour.

ΚΠ

1616 B. Jonson Mercury Vindicated in Wks. I. 1005 The whole houshold of 'hem are become Alchymists (since their trade of armour-making fail'd them).

1885 E. S. Farrow Mil. Encycl. II. 742/1 Rivets are of most essential importance in armor making, and in building iron ships.

1995 Atlanta Jrnl. & Constit. (Nexis) 1 June g11 He got his start in medieval stage combat and armor-making eight years ago with a summer job as a squire in a Renaissance Festival Joust.

armour penetration n. the potential or power of a missile or bullet to penetrate armour; the extent to which this occurs.

ΚΠ

1869 Illustr. London News 18 Sept. 286/1 The light..guns not possessing armour penetration are not included in this number.

1942 Pop. Sci. Monthly Dec. 130 Originally the 2'/2-in. gun had a muzzle velocity of 2,000 feet a second and an armor penetration of 2'/2 in. at 1,000 yards.

2000 White Dwarf May 32/3 Since the weapons do not provide any additional armour penetration, they are far better against lightly armoured opponents.

armour-piercing adj. designed to pierce armour, esp. (in later use, of a shell, etc.) designed to penetrate the armour-plating of a ship, tank, etc., before exploding.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [adjective] > types of bullet or shell

armour-piercinga1686

rifled1797

high-velocity1854

smooth-bore1859

subcalibre1863

whistling1864

full-metal-jacketed1896

full-metal-jacket1898

pipsqueak1916

a1686 J. Rawlet tr. Seneca in Poetick Misc. (1687) 115 The Sword..made Of well-wrought steel, an Armour-piercing Blade.

1897 Daily News 19 July 9/5 Their 12-inch armour-piercing shot.

1940 R. W. B. Clarke Britain's Blockade 17 Armour plate of high resistance power and armour-piercing bombs of great penetrating power.

2003 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 7 Apr. b2/4 10 warheads..each send out 4 armor-piercing weapons that scan the battlefield..for armored vehicles or troops to attack.

armour-proof adj. protected or impenetrable by or as by armour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > safe or invulnerable > specific

pistol-proof1590

sword-proofa1593

fireproof1610

plot proofa1616

shot-free1616

stick-free1632

armour-proof1635

water-free1642

sting-free1644

iron-free1670

bomb-proof1702

ball-proof1759

bear-proof1840

bullet-proof1856

dingo-proof1873

aseismic1884

tamperproof1886

radioresistant1922

tamper-resistant1978

1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells i. 3 Able me in thy quarrell to oppose, And lend me Armor-proofe t' encounter those Who striue t' eclipse thy glory all they can.

1664 H. More Apol. in Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 561 They that believe all things alike..shall be armour-proof.

1789 J. Johnston Serm. Pract. Subj. viii. 187 Our divine Master is armour-proof against the heaviest trials, and the strongest temptations.

1887 W. J. Beal Grasses N. Amer. I. xvi. 381 These weevils are armor proof against water.

1917 L. Hayward Way Hearts Go ix. 228 He was armor-proof..against the more or less sarcastic tone that Roger could not keep quite out of his voice.

2005 G. Rottman & S. Noon World War II Infantry Anti-Tank Tactics 53 Armour-proof terrain included dense forest, swampland, deep mud, [etc.].

† armour shelf n. Obsolete a wide shelf extending below the waterline of an armoured ship, supporting the edge of the armour plating.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > sheathing > armour-plating > shelf supporting

armour shelf1865

shelf-plate1869

1865 Mechanic's Mag. 1 Jan. 5/1 Blocks of wood..were placed vertically against the side of the vessel, with their broad ends resting on the armour shelf.

1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 35 The next, in frame up to her armour-shelf, is an iron-clad of 10,000 tons, building for Her Majesty's Navy.

1915 W. Hovgaard Struct. Design Warships x. 194 The first strake below the armor shelf forms the boundary of the bottom plating.

armour work n. (a) defensive covering or structure; (b) the action or process of making or repairing arms or armour.

ΚΠ

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 2 [The Flea's] head, body, and limbs also, be all of blackish armourwork.

1898 Marine Engin. Dec. 354/2 Hitherto the armour work at Parkhead has been undertaken by a 4,000-ton press.

1977 F. Herbert Dosadi Exper. 123 The door..was dimly visible beyond the armorwork of the gate.

2005 M. L. Levigne Heir of Faxinor vi. 61 And you shall have one [sc. a sword]. Brick is renowned for his armor work.

Derivatives

ˈarmour-wise adv. in the style of armour; with regard to armour.

ΚΠ

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. D3 A felow..had bent a couple of yron dripping pans armour-wise, to fence his backe and his belly.

1875 R. Browning Aristophanes' Apol. 240 That which himself went wearing armour-wise.

2004 T. Poulos Extreme War (2007) 345 Armor-wise, some of the world's most thinly-armored tanks were Russian.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	armour
释义	armourarmorn. Brit. /ˈɑːmə/, U.S. /ˈɑrmər/ Forms: Middle English aarmer, Middle English aarmour, Middle English aremure, Middle English armeure, Middle English armewres (plural), Middle English armowr, Middle English armowre, Middle English armvre, Middle English armwr, Middle English harmor, Middle English 1600s armere, Middle English–1500s armore, Middle English–1500s armur, Middle English–1500s 1800s armure, Middle English–1600s armeur, Middle English–1600s armoure, Middle English–1700s armer, Middle English– armor (now chiefly U.S.), Middle English– armour; Scottish pre-1700 airmor, pre-1700 airmour, pre-1700 armeur, pre-1700 armor, pre-1700 armore, pre-1700 armoure, pre-1700 armowr, pre-1700 armure, pre-1700 armwre, pre-1700 1700s– armour. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French armour. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman armour, armoure, armur, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French armeure, armure, Anglo-Norman and Middle French armeur (French armure ) each of the defensive pieces, or all of them, which protect the body of a combatant against injury by his or her adversary (1130), military equipment, arms (1196), an offensive weapon (c1200), mental or spiritual defence or protection, also a means of such protection (1226), heraldic insignia or devices (c1236), battle (13th cent.), the protective or defensive outer layer or covering of an animal or a plant (13th cent. in an isolated attestation, and subsequently from 1611, with reference to animals; 1501 with reference to plants), in Anglo-Norman also feats of arms, warfare (13th or 14th cent. in an apparently isolated attestation) < classical Latin armātūra armature n. Compare post-classical Latin armura (from 1306 in British sources). Compare later armature n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.In sense 2c after French armure (1825 in the passage translated in quot. 1838, or earlier, in this sense). In sense 12 after German Panzerung (1909 in this sense: A. Penck, in Geograph. Zeitschr. 15 551), lit. ‘armour’. In the following quot., glossed by N.E.D. (1885) as ‘for armer or armourer’, the meaning is uncertain and could also be sense 1:1629 tr. S. Pelegromius Descr. S'hertogenbosh 38 We brought also in the Towne many armours, and a Serjeant of theirs. I. Military equipment and related senses. †1. The whole apparatus of war collectively; military equipment, both offensive and defensive; arms, weaponry. Also occasionally as a count noun (in plural). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > [noun] gearc1275 armourc1300 armsc1325 armingc1330 ordnancea1393 armourer?c1400 artilleryc1405 habiliments1422 artry1447 armaturea1460 apparamenta1464 atour1480 munitionc1515 furnishments1559 furniture1569 equipage1579 ammunition?1588 magazine1588 victuals1653 war1667 armament1668 contraband1753 stuff1883 c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) 955 Other armure nadde he none, for holi churche to fiȝte. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3769 (MED) Gailier greiþed were neuer gomes seie, of alle maner armure þat to werre longed. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) 1 Kings xx. 40 Jonathas ȝaf hise armeris [L. arma] to the child. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 152 This herd þe kyng, and stuffid þe Tour with vitaile and armour. 1566 T. Becon New Postil i. f. 72 But here is no princely prouision, no armour, no riches, no waightyng men, no appointyng of offices. 1601 J. Melville in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 269 We being fyve w^tin burd and haiffing twa pistolets wt thrie swordes and they na armour they war fean to let ws be. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 476 The armours of the vanquisht were not consumed with fire. 1761 D. Dumaresque in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 485 Their armour for war is a bow and arrows. 1769 J. Brown Dict. Holy Bible II. 508/1 Spear, or halberd, seems to have been anciently a common piece of warlike armour. 2. a. Defensive covering for the whole body worn when fighting; spec. = mail n.³ 2a. Cf. arms n. 4a. Now chiefly historical.suit of armour: see suit n. 25. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] here-weedsOE weedOE here-scrudc1275 armourc1325 armsc1325 armingc1330 armouryc1330 harnessc1330 warnementa1400 fighting-wisec1400 gome-graithc1420 graithc1420 armaturea1460 habiliment1470 furniture1569 proof1583 harnessment1610 pewter1622 equipage1633 pamphract1934 c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 8195 He & his armure were þoru out hot. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. ii. l. 155 May non Armure hit lette. c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) l. 680 (MED) Armour also oute of yrne and stele, She forged firste the body to defende. ?c1500 Killing of Children (Digby) l. 352 Harneysed in armour of plate and maile. a1594 J. White in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1600) III. 293 My armour almost eaten through with rust. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iii. vii. 1 I haue the best armour in the world. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 209 Arms on Armour clashing. View more context for this quotation 1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. iii. 407 Beside each Chief his Azure Armour lay. 1880 B. Disraeli Endymion II. xxiii. 237 Prince Florestan, in a suit of blue damascened armour. 1923 Times 12 Nov. 17/3 He is in complete armour, and she in a rich gown, as they lie side by side. 2010 P. R. Coss Found. Gentry Life ix. 181 Stained glass at Carlton Scroop..portrays Sir John de Newmarch as a kneeling figure in armour. b. As a count noun: a complete set of pieces of defensive covering for the whole body; a suit of armour. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > suit of armour armoura1425 furniture1569 suit?1586 panopliaa1612 panoplya1637 a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 931 (MED) Somme weore perced in armures Þoruȝ scheldis and þoruȝ armes. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. cclxxviii/1 He had..armours ynowe for to garnysshe with seuen thousand men. 1569 Tract in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 75 Rich and costly armours, guilt and engrauen. a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 140 Furnished with about sixty or seventy armours for horse. 1681 Arraignm.,Tryal & Condemnation S. Colledge 38 Did he discourse anything to you about Arms..Yes, he did, I had an Armour from him. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) A compleat Armor antiently consisted of a Cask or Helm, a Gorget, Cuirasse, Gantelets, Tasses, Brassets, Cuisses, and Covers for the Legs. 1821 L. Hunt Indicator 21 Mar. 188 That god-smith Vulcan, who having taken his wife, yet was presently appeased, and entreated to make an armour for a husband of hers. 2006 C. Gravett Tudor Knight 20 When men of rank wanted to take part in tournaments, they might require armours for several types of contest. c. The metal protective sheathing or cladding of a warship, fortification, military vehicle, etc. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for vehicle, ship, etc. > [noun] arming1424 armour1838 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > sheathing > armour-plating belting1567 armour plate1683 belt1822 armour1838 armour plating1860 cuirass1860 belt armour1866 water-line armour1884 glacis plate1889 1838 J. A. Dahlgren tr. H. J. Paixhans Acct. Exper. French Navy Trial Bomb Cannon 41 In 1809 I made a trial of the kind, and proposed that iron armour [Fr. les armures en fer] be used jointly with bomb guns. 1855 W. M. Gwin (D.A.E.) (title) Report [of] the Committee on Naval Affairs, who were instructed to inquire into the expediency of using submarine armors in the United States navy. 1861 in Official Rec. Union & Confederate Navies (U.S.) (1896) 1st Ser. IV. 222 This addition would nearly treble the strength of the armor. 1870 in Eng. Mech. 7 Jan. 396/2 A belt of armour..to protect broadside guns. 1883 Times 27 Aug. 3/5 Three balls penetrated the armour of the Bayard. 1962 Mariner's Mirror 48 295 She..was termed a central citadel ship, her armour being concentrated in the centre. 2001 Guardian 11 Oct. (Online section) 20/6 The new armour made Soviet tanks virtually immune to Nato's anti-tank weapons. d. Armoured vehicles collectively. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > military vehicles > [noun] > armed or armoured > armoured vehicles collectively armour1942 1942 Daily Tel. 3 Sept. 6/6 Breaking up his armour into comparatively small groups of..tanks, he began ‘swanning about’, feeling..for them [sc. British tanks]. 1968 M. Richler Year at Arabian Nights Hotel in Tamarack Rev. Spring 9 Israeli armour had gone into action. A fierce tank battle was in progress. 2005 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 Apr. 41/2 Within it a clutter of tan American armor and, among the humvees and blast barriers and tank traps, a sudden burst of movement. 3. figurative. Mental or spiritual defence or protection; a quality, trait, characteristic, etc., which provides this. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence hornc825 shieldc1200 warranta1272 bergha1325 armour1340 hedge1340 defencec1350 bucklerc1380 protectiona1382 safety1399 targea1400 suretyc1405 wall1412 pavise?a1439 fencec1440 safeguard?c1500 pale?a1525 waretack1542 muniment1546 shrouda1561 bulwark1577 countermure1581 ward1582 prevention1584 armourya1586 fortificationa1586 securitya1586 penthouse1589 palladium1600 guard1609 subtectacle1609 tutament1609 umbrella1609 bastion1615 screena1616 amulet1621 alexikakon1635 breastwork1643 security1643 protectionary1653 sepiment1660 back1680 shadower1691 aegis1760 inoculation1761 buoya1770 propugnaculum1773 panoply1789 armament1793 fascine1793 protective1827 beaver1838 face shield1842 vaccine1861 zariba1885 wolf-platform1906 firebreak1959 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 203 Þet is þe armure þet þe dyeuel dret mest. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. xiii. 12 Be we clothid with the armeris [L. arma] of liȝt. ?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 65 Sixe armours þe apostle rehersiþ þan armyn þe soule. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xiii. 12 Let vs put on the Armoure of lyght. [So subseq. vers.] 1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 37 Put on the whole armor of God. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §55. 124 To perfect vertue..there is required a..compleat armour, that whilst we lye at close ward against one vice we lye [not] open to the vennie of another. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 491 And also arme With spiritual Armour . View more context for this quotation 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 114. ⁋7 Putting on unnecessary Armour against improbable Blows of Fortune. 1792 R. Burns Let. 6 Dec. (1985) II. 165 I pick up favorite quotations, & store them in my mind as ready armour. 1822 Ld. Byron Werner i. i. 664 Suspicion is a heavy armour. 2007 K. Sathyanarayana Power Humor Workplace ii. 66 Your guidance will be valued by everyone and the armor of Humor will shield you from any attack. †4. The use of arms; warfare, fighting, active hostilities; = arms n. 3b Cf. to take up (also take, rise up in) armour at Phrases 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > [noun] campOE winOE armoura1387 battlea1400 cocka1400 poynyec1425 combattery1524 hostility1531 combattencie1586 conflict1611 armed conflict1834 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 41 Þe Romaynes hadde i-meoved noon armour [L. arma] wiþ oute Italy. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 8^v For he moste be tauȝt al þe nombre of armure [L. armaturae numeros omnes]. 1526 Bp. J. Clerk To Wolsey in MS Cott. Calig. D ix. 104 For a suspention off armeur. 1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) vi. xxxii. 141 She armour still pursu'd. 1602 W. Warner Epitome Hist. Eng. in Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) 384 Insurrections, and ciuill armor. 5. The protective or defensive outer layer or covering of an animal or (occasionally) a plant. Formerly also (in abstract sense): †natural protection or defence (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering armoura1398 crust1615 armature1653 mail1713 shell1774 buckler1828 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxii. 1211 Pikes hileþ him [sc. the urchin] as þe here doþ oþer bestes and been his wepene and armure. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Hh2 The firmnesse of hides is for the armour of the body against extremities of heate or cold. View more context for this quotation 1647 A. Cowley Request in Mistress vi Piercing the armour of their [sc. fishes'] Scales. 1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. at Pubes Linneus's original word was Pubescentia, and he explained it to mean the armour of a plant, by which it is defended from external injuries: thus comprehending Thorns and Prickles. 1814 Monthly Mag. 38 148 Thy burnish'd armure speck with glossier jet. 1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 165 In these colossal armadillos the trunk-armour was in one immovable piece. 1934 E. Olson Thing of Sorrow 10 Creature without wings Or fur or beetle's armour. 1978 Copeia No. 2. 372/2 Westphal does not go much beyond a detailed description of these few fossils, [and] a brief comparison of their armour to that of turtles. 2009 P. Forbes Dazzled & Deceived xiv. 219 The stickleback uses armour rather than camouflage as its defence. II. In heraldry. 6. Heraldic insignia or devices; = arms n. 5. Also: a coat of arms.In later use only in coat-armour n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > [noun] > armorial bearings or coat of arms > tabard armour?a1425 coat of arms1490 midlag1824 society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > [noun] arming1446 coat-armour1486 arms1489 armory1525 armour1548 blazonrya1649 emblazonry1667 emblazoning1820 scutcheonry1827 ?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 52 In þe armour of Iesu Crist þei don þe fendis werkis. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxiij To colouren or hiden in any maner tho, armures. 1683 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) I. 264 A pair of pistolls, and an armour made of silk. c1689 in J. Y. Akerman Moneys Secret Services Charles II & James II (1851) 43 For a suite of silk armour 31 li. III. Something that gives protection. †7. Nautical. A strip of cloth fixed to an exposed part of a ship to protect the crew. Only in top-armour n. at top n.¹ and adj. Compounds 2b(b). Cf. arming n.¹ 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > mast > platform at top of mast > embattled platform on warship > armour on armour1466 top-armour1485 top-arming1486 top-armsc1599 1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 351 Blanket for sheldes for toppe armore of the kervelle, xiiij.d. a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301) Topparmors are the clothes which are tied aboute the Tops of the mastes for shewe and also for to hide menn in the Fight. 1906 J. Masefield On Spanish Main xvi. 294 They rigged what was called a top-arming, or top armour, a strip of cloth like the ‘war girdle’ of the Norse longships, across the unprotected space. †8. Magnetism. Material used as the keeper of a magnet; (as a count noun) = keeper n. 6b. Cf. armature n. 4a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > armature armour1613 armature1747 keeper1837 1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies xxiv. 88 The superficies of the Magnet about the pole is flatted and made plaine, hauing armour applied to it. 1731 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 333 Touched on the soft Armour of a Magnet. 1835 R. Wallace tr. L. A. J. Quetelet Facts, Laws & Phenomena Nat. Philos. 221 The most convenient thickness to give to the armour can only be known by experience. 1908 Canad. Patent 115,191 3 The cylinder is made of soft iron and serves as an armor for the electro magnet. 9. slang. A condom or similar contraceptive device. Now rare (archaic).armor is a proprietary name for condoms in the United States. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [noun] > a contraceptive > condom condom?1706 armour1708 machine1749 protective1827 French letter?1844 sheath1861 French safe1868 letterc1890 rubber1913 Durex1932 prophylactic1934 raincoat1934 male condom1938 Trojan1951 safety1952 safe1959 Frenchy1963 scumbag1967 internal condom1969 franger1975 dicksack1996 1708 Almonds for Parrots (new ed.) 5 Achilles Armour cannot match with thine. Thine makes the Knight invulnerable still; And Condon triumph's o'er Apollo's Skill. 1728 W. Kennett in W. Pattison Cupid's Metamorph. 309 His ill-foreboding Fears deny him Rest, And fancy'd Poxes vex his tortur'd Bones! Too late convinc'd of Armour's sovereign Use. 1762 J. Boswell Jrnl. 25 Nov. in London Jrnl. (1950) 49 I picked up a girl in the Strand; went into a court with intention to enjoy her in armour. 1828 S. F. Gray Suppl. Pharmacopœia (ed. 4) ii. 135 Condoms, Armour, Baudruches, Redingotes Anglaises. 1980 E. Jong Fanny ii. iii. 192 I'faith, they gets 'em a special cheap Rate when they enjoy in Armor, but none o' the Swains like an armor'd Cock as well as a bare 'un. 10. A diver's protective watertight covering. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > movement in or on water > [noun] > underwater swimming > equipment armour1721 lifeline1808 shot line1884 plumper line1896 shot rope1909 aqualung1950 scuba1952 snorkel1953 weight belt1955 umbilical pipe1968 1721 Philos. Trans. Abridg'd 1700–20 (Royal Soc.) 1 i. v. 420 The water..presses with so much Force on all the junctures, where the Armour is made tight with Leather, Skins, or such like, that if there be the least Defect in any of them, the whole engine will instantly fill with water. 1832 Edinb. Encycl. VII. 616/2 These pipes supplied the diver with air, whilst the armour..allowed his chest to dilate upon inspiration. 1869 Eng. Mech. 1 Oct. 39/1 The best armours now in use are those made of rubber and canvas..The use of this bell has been superseded by the submarine armour. 1928 Pop. Sci. Nov. 47/2 A diver in the new deep-sea armor, being hauled from the water. 2012 C. Veit Raising Missouri ix. 146 The weight of the armor would help, but resurfacing was usually facilitated by heaving up the signal line as the diver climbed rung by rung. 11. Civil Engineering. A revetment, usually constructed from large rocks or concrete blocks, which protects a shoreline, breakwater, etc., from erosion by the sea. ΚΠ 1904 Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers 52 203 The gravel, unless very coarse, will seek a flatter slope by running into, and possibly through, the armor. 1961 A. DeF. Quinn Design & Constr. Ports & Marine Struct. iv. 176 Armor made with fitted blocks results in a structure which acts differently than that made with pell-mell blocks. 1987 New Yorker 23 Feb. 86/2 Nettles asked Dugie how long he thought the new armor would last. Dugie said, ‘Two high waters’. 1991 J. S. Scott Penguin Dict. Civil Engin. 17/2 The top layer (main armour) has the largest blocks, often weighing 25 tons or more, while those below it are progressively smaller. 12. Geology. A surface layer of coarser particles overlying a layer of finer particles, caused by selective erosion in a desert or (now esp.) on a river bed. ΚΠ 1914 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 46 301 Such an armor is naturally best developed upon the high hamadas which are preeminently areas of removal rather than of deposition of débris. 1963 Proc. Fed. Inter-Agency Sedimentation Conf. 470/2 These characteristics of bed armor below Fort Rendall indicate that perhaps further degradation might be encouraged by disturbing this surface layer. 2005 M. J. Kirkby in J. Holden Introd. Physical Geogr. & Environment xi. 266/1 The coarse armour progressively begins to protect the soil by reducing detachment rates, increasing infiltration and providing an increased resistance to flow. Phrases P1. to take up (also take, rise up in) armour and variants: to take up arms, to prepare to fight; (also) to make war. Now historical and rare. ΚΠ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 275 (MED) Nynus kyng of Assiriens..bare out armour [?a1475 anon. tr. gedrede an hoste; L. arma foris extulit]. 1570 Homelie against Disobedience i. sig. Biv Subiectes..who..take armor wickedly,..to break the publike peace. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 57/1 in Chron. I To keepe them from rising vp in armor against him. 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. iii. viii. 43 (note) The Iewes beganne..to take armour agaynst the Romaynes. a1632 T. Taylor God's Judgem. (1642) i. i. vii. 15 So..foolish hardy as to take up armour. 1746 Mem. Life Lord Lovat 46 The Major it seems was able to persuade him to quit the Frock, to take up Armour and the broad Sword. 2013 J. Peakman Pleasure's All Mine v. 154 She had dressed as a man when she took up armour in order to fight. P2. to call (also blow, command) to armour = to call to arms at arms n. Phrases 1i. rare. ΚΠ a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 242 (MED) Thanne kyng Eualach Comanded Anon His Men to Armure. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 124/1 in Chron. I Caused the Trumpet to blowe to armor. 2007 L. Delacruz Absalom ii. vi. 88 Yes, let the shofar's sound be loud. Call to armor from North and South. P3. armour of proof: see proof n. 9a. Compounds armour-fish n. any of various extant or fossil fishes having the body partly protected by bony scales or plates. [In quot. 1747 apparently after Chinese †zhòujiă yú, denoting an unidentified kind of fish ( < †zhòujiă full armour, lit. ‘helmet-armour’ + yú fish).] In quot. 1748, probably a catfish of the family Doradidae. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Scorpaeniformes (scorpion-fish) > [noun] > member of family Agonidae (poacher) poggea1672 armour-fish1747 pluck1808 sea-poacher1811 poacher1961 1747 New Gen. Coll. Voy. & Trav. IV. 316/1 One is called Cho-kya-yu, that is the Armour-Fish, because its Back, Belly, and Sides, are covered with sharp Scales, placed in strait Rows. 1748 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 45 170 Cataphractus Americanus, the Armour-Fish..less than a Foot in length, and four Inches broad. 1883 Amer. Naturalist 17 481 These ‘armor-fish’ [i.e. armoured catfishes] remind one of the old Devonian and Carboniferous ganoids. 1952 W. J. Miller Introd. Hist. Geol. (ed. 6) 536 Ostracoderms (e.g., armor fishes, now wholly extinct) are among the very simplest of vertebrates. armour glass n. toughened sheet glass; cf. armoured adj. 4. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > toughened glass wire glass1894 armour glass1907 safety glass1912 armour plate1914 triplex1923 1907 4th Internat. Congr. Master Spinners' & Manufacturers' Assoc. 288 (table) If there is a waste-cotton store situated in the works or in the buildings communicating with the latter even if by iron doors or armour-glass. 1932 Jrnl. Soc. Glass Technol. 16 478 Armour Glass..similar to that made by Messrs. Pilkington Bros. in this country. 2012 West Austral. (Perth) (Nexis) 3 Mar. (MOD section) 19 The consoles were tuned to suit the best available curved armour glass. armour joint n. rare a joint in a suit of armour. ΚΠ 1856 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 124/2 Thou sayest well. How oft a random shaft Striketh King Truth betwixt the armour joints! 1999 D. R. Ross On Trail William Wallace (2001) viii. 72 The riders being thrown by the rearing mounts, to be stabbed through eye-slits or armour joints. armour-making n. the action of making or manufacturing armour. ΚΠ 1616 B. Jonson Mercury Vindicated in Wks. I. 1005 The whole houshold of 'hem are become Alchymists (since their trade of armour-making fail'd them). 1885 E. S. Farrow Mil. Encycl. II. 742/1 Rivets are of most essential importance in armor making, and in building iron ships. 1995 Atlanta Jrnl. & Constit. (Nexis) 1 June g11 He got his start in medieval stage combat and armor-making eight years ago with a summer job as a squire in a Renaissance Festival Joust. armour penetration n. the potential or power of a missile or bullet to penetrate armour; the extent to which this occurs. ΚΠ 1869 Illustr. London News 18 Sept. 286/1 The light..guns not possessing armour penetration are not included in this number. 1942 Pop. Sci. Monthly Dec. 130 Originally the 2'/2-in. gun had a muzzle velocity of 2,000 feet a second and an armor penetration of 2'/2 in. at 1,000 yards. 2000 White Dwarf May 32/3 Since the weapons do not provide any additional armour penetration, they are far better against lightly armoured opponents. armour-piercing adj. designed to pierce armour, esp. (in later use, of a shell, etc.) designed to penetrate the armour-plating of a ship, tank, etc., before exploding. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [adjective] > types of bullet or shell armour-piercinga1686 rifled1797 high-velocity1854 smooth-bore1859 subcalibre1863 whistling1864 full-metal-jacketed1896 full-metal-jacket1898 pipsqueak1916 a1686 J. Rawlet tr. Seneca in Poetick Misc. (1687) 115 The Sword..made Of well-wrought steel, an Armour-piercing Blade. 1897 Daily News 19 July 9/5 Their 12-inch armour-piercing shot. 1940 R. W. B. Clarke Britain's Blockade 17 Armour plate of high resistance power and armour-piercing bombs of great penetrating power. 2003 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 7 Apr. b2/4 10 warheads..each send out 4 armor-piercing weapons that scan the battlefield..for armored vehicles or troops to attack. armour-proof adj. protected or impenetrable by or as by armour. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > safe or invulnerable > specific pistol-proof1590 sword-proofa1593 fireproof1610 plot proofa1616 shot-free1616 stick-free1632 armour-proof1635 water-free1642 sting-free1644 iron-free1670 bomb-proof1702 ball-proof1759 bear-proof1840 bullet-proof1856 dingo-proof1873 aseismic1884 tamperproof1886 radioresistant1922 tamper-resistant1978 1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells i. 3 Able me in thy quarrell to oppose, And lend me Armor-proofe t' encounter those Who striue t' eclipse thy glory all they can. 1664 H. More Apol. in Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 561 They that believe all things alike..shall be armour-proof. 1789 J. Johnston Serm. Pract. Subj. viii. 187 Our divine Master is armour-proof against the heaviest trials, and the strongest temptations. 1887 W. J. Beal Grasses N. Amer. I. xvi. 381 These weevils are armor proof against water. 1917 L. Hayward Way Hearts Go ix. 228 He was armor-proof..against the more or less sarcastic tone that Roger could not keep quite out of his voice. 2005 G. Rottman & S. Noon World War II Infantry Anti-Tank Tactics 53 Armour-proof terrain included dense forest, swampland, deep mud, [etc.]. † armour shelf n. Obsolete a wide shelf extending below the waterline of an armoured ship, supporting the edge of the armour plating. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > sheathing > armour-plating > shelf supporting armour shelf1865 shelf-plate1869 1865 Mechanic's Mag. 1 Jan. 5/1 Blocks of wood..were placed vertically against the side of the vessel, with their broad ends resting on the armour shelf. 1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 35 The next, in frame up to her armour-shelf, is an iron-clad of 10,000 tons, building for Her Majesty's Navy. 1915 W. Hovgaard Struct. Design Warships x. 194 The first strake below the armor shelf forms the boundary of the bottom plating. armour work n. (a) defensive covering or structure; (b) the action or process of making or repairing arms or armour. ΚΠ 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 2 [The Flea's] head, body, and limbs also, be all of blackish armourwork. 1898 Marine Engin. Dec. 354/2 Hitherto the armour work at Parkhead has been undertaken by a 4,000-ton press. 1977 F. Herbert Dosadi Exper. 123 The door..was dimly visible beyond the armorwork of the gate. 2005 M. L. Levigne Heir of Faxinor vi. 61 And you shall have one [sc. a sword]. Brick is renowned for his armor work. Derivatives ˈarmour-wise adv. in the style of armour; with regard to armour. ΚΠ 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. D3 A felow..had bent a couple of yron dripping pans armour-wise, to fence his backe and his belly. 1875 R. Browning Aristophanes' Apol. 240 That which himself went wearing armour-wise. 2004 T. Poulos Extreme War (2007) 345 Armor-wise, some of the world's most thinly-armored tanks were Russian. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). armourarmorv. Brit. /ˈɑːmə/, U.S. /ˈɑrmər/ Forms: see armour n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: armour n. Etymology: < armour n. Compare earlier armoured adj. 1. transitive. To put armour on; to provide (a soldier, military vehicle, etc.) with a defensive or protective covering. Frequently in passive. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > of armour: protect [verb (transitive)] > clothe with or encase in armc1275 graith1297 enarmc1320 tirec1330 harnessc1380 haspc1400 endossa1500 armour1578 case1582 clothe1590 dight1590 emboss1590 array1809 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > encase or sheathe > with armouring armour1578 1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 159 The Romanis..armour them into all faitis of weir. 1864 Daily Tel. 22 June The Kearsage had been armoured during the night with her chain-cables. 1883 C. H. Spurgeon Illustr. & Medit. 175 Our glorious Leader would never have armed and armoured all his followers. 1922 Instructors Summ. Mil. Articles for Feb. 1922 (Gen. Sevice Schools, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas) 10 Mar. 10 Tank transporters will be provided; these will be lightly armored and made gas proof. 1968 U. K. Le Guin Wizard of Earthsea i. 20 They were armored with bronze helmets and greaves and breastplates of heavy leather. 2004 T. E. Bonsall Lincoln Story x. 185 The vehicle was armored by O'Hara-Hess & Eisenhardt. 2. transitive. figurative and in extended use. ΚΠ 1595 R. Turner Garland of Greene Witte sig. B3^v Calipolis hauing listened to the Syrens song..armouring herselfe with the plated coate of constancie. 1816 J. Jea Coll. Hymns 231 Come to the magazine of grace, There to be armoured, With love, with grace, with perfectness. 1844 Edith Leslie I. ix. 260 The usually black ivy seemed..like scales of fretted silver, armouring the grim giant [sc. a tower]. 1870 Eng. Mech. 11 Mar. 625/3 Cables for submarine use may be afterwards armoured..with wires. 1905 ‘A. Hope’ Servant of Public xx. 296 To Irene Bowdon, even armoured as she was in prejudice, it carried conviction. 1957 A. E. Coppard It's Me, O Lord! ii. 21 It was avouched..that if you rubbed the juice of a lemon on the palm of your hand you were armoured against suffering. 1977 C. Conran M. Guérard's Cuisine Minceur (1981) 129 Armour each truffle by rolling it up in a chicken escalope and encasing each with the salt paste. 2001 J. Gough Juno & Juliet i. iv. 10 We bearded Mrs Flannery in her lair, armoured by our innocence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1300v.1578
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armourarmorn.

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armourarmorv.