gwinev.

Brit.

/ɡwʌɪn/, U.S.

/ɡwaɪn/, Caribbean English

/ɡwain/

Forms: English regional 1600s (southern) 1800s– gwine, 1800s gwoan (Lancashire), 1800s gwyn (Sussex), 1800s– guin (Nottinghamshire), 1800s– guining (Warwickshire), 1800s– gwain, 1800s– gwaine, 1800s– gwainin (Worcestershire), 1800s– gwaning (Oxfordshire), 1800s– gwaying (Herefordshire), 1800s– gwyin (Herefordshire), 1800s– gwyne, 1900s– gween (Sussex), 1900s– gwoing (west midlands); U.S. regional 1700s–1800s guine, 1700s–1800s gwyne, 1800s gwain, 1800s gwyin', 1800s– gwine, 1900s– gwan, 1900s– gwi (in African-American usage), 1900s– gwi' (in African-American usage); Caribbean 1900s– gwen, 1900s– gwine.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English going , go v.

Etymology: Representing a regional pronunciation of going, present participle of go v.The English regional (west midland) forms guining, gwainin, gwaning show double marking of the ending, apparently as a result of hypercorrection.

English regional (southern) (now rare), U.S. regional, and Caribbean.

1. As present participle: going. In progressive constructions sometimes with zero auxiliary.

ΚΠ

1661 A. Brome Songs & Other Poems 142 They had been better paid'um down Their vorty hundred thousand pown, And zo zet [1664 a zet] 'um gwine.

1787 in N. E. Eliason Tarheel Talk (1956) 311 Going—guine.

1795 B. Dearborn Columbian Gram. 114 But as he was gwyne there, he was blow'd off the coast ten days.

1823 Knight's Q. Mag. 1 300 Oi say, sirree, where be'st the gwain?

1829 S. Kirkham Eng. Gram. (ed. 10) 207/1 Whar you gwine?

1831 R. Lower Tom Cladpole's Jurney xlii. 14 He said he must be gwyn.

1845 W. T. Thompson Major Jones' Chron. Pineville 107 You ought to be gwine home.

1854 Harper's Mag. Dec. 18/2 I think den, I gwine right straight down below.

1873 M. Smith Progress 191 Be you gwaning up the road, Mary?

1896 Longman's Mag. Dec. 155 As I wur gwine up street, zo I looked in.

1908 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 117. 200/1 Vocal Quartettes... I'se Gwine Back to Dixie (coon song).

1928 Cent. Mag. May 17/1 I'm gwine down to de river.

1940 R. Ellison Afternoon in R. Ellison Flying Home & Other Stories (1996) 36 An' I asked him where's he gwine.

1950 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xiv. 34 Whar you gwine?

2005 Oxf. American Fall 78/1 I aint gwine back widout her.

2. In progressive constructions used to express a future action: going to (see go v. 51a).

a. Followed by to-infinitive: going to.

(a) With zero auxiliary (gwine to).

ΚΠ

1833 Amer. Turf Reg. June 535 Don't know, Mas Minot, sep you gwine to win to-morrow.

1867 ‘O. Optic’ Watch & Wait 115 'Pose you see de nigger hunter, wid tree, four dozen bloodhounds: wha—wha—what you gwine to do den?

1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 152 The poor negro who meets it..is doomed... Experienced negroes say when they look at him: ‘He gwine to die; he seed the moonack.’

1893 M. A. Owen Old Rabbit ix. 127 He sent her wuhd by 'er own lil buddy (brother) dat he gwine ter come arter 'er de Sunday a-follerin'.

1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 60 I adwise unner fo' bodder yo' head about wah kine of a hat yo' gwine fine dere fer fit ober dem horn you gwine ter fine yo'sef fitted out wid.

1980 M. Thelwell Harder they Come (1988) iii. 81 Everah t'ing gwine to be in de ol' way as 'cording to the elders.

(b) With auxiliary be (be gwine to).

ΚΠ

1840 W. G. Simms Border Beagles I. viii. 132 Some of the larks below cried out as if they were gwine to lick me.

1875 F. Kilvert Diary 16 Jan. (1944) 277 Please, Sir, we'm gwine to play at blindman's buff.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) I baint gwain to wear none o' your papern shoes, and catch me death way the rheumatic.

1903 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (1991) II. 695/2 There's gwine to be trouble here right soon.

1942 L. Bennett Jamaica Dial. Verses 25 I was gwine to sen' pure orellia bush, As yuh wanted so-soh greens.

2000 W. Self How Dead Live (2001) vi. 138 Yeah, I can summon up the past. Howdy-doody past! Yo Main Street USA! I gwyne to talk with yo'—hairball.

b. Followed by bare infinitive.

(a) With zero auxiliary (functioning as a simple modal auxiliary); cf. go v. 51a(b).

ΚΠ

1845 W. G. Simms Wigwam & Cabin 1st Ser. 168 How you gwine fix 'em?

1856 K. E. R. Pickard Kidnapped & Ransomed (ed. 3) xiii. 116 Bless my life! if dar aint Mass'r! Hi! we all's so glad see Missus, we done forget Mass'r gwine come too!

1894 K. Chopin Gentleman of Bayou Têche 295 Stan' 'side f'om dat i'on-boa'd w'ilse I gwine take yo' photygraph.

1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 27 Yo' gwine gimme de money fo' git de butter?

1969 ‘J. Morris’ Fever Grass ii. 19 One day police gwine hol' you.

1995 K. Martin Dream xvi. 230 When you gwine do dat? Mebe neber.

(b) With auxiliary be (be gwine).

ΚΠ

1854 M. Langdon Ida May v. 56 Us house servants was gwine be put up at auction.

1875 Scribner's Monthly June 240 I'se pow'ful skeered; but neversomeless I ain't gwine run away.

1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 56 An' moresomober , w'en I git t'rou', you is gwine see dat you is better so order yo' conduct' een dis life, dat dere ain' no chance atall ob yo' gittin' dere in de life ter come.

1932 Amer. Speech 7 178 By de time a'-wee was gwine tek de 'tart again, me foot get soak.

2001 N. Samuda-Smith in L. Ross & Y. Brissett Whispers in Walls 136 Errol felt like him face was gwine bruk inna one million likkle piece.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gwine
释义	gwinev. Brit. /ɡwʌɪn/, U.S. /ɡwaɪn/, Caribbean English /ɡwain/ Forms: English regional 1600s (southern) 1800s– gwine, 1800s gwoan (Lancashire), 1800s gwyn (Sussex), 1800s– guin (Nottinghamshire), 1800s– guining (Warwickshire), 1800s– gwain, 1800s– gwaine, 1800s– gwainin (Worcestershire), 1800s– gwaning (Oxfordshire), 1800s– gwaying (Herefordshire), 1800s– gwyin (Herefordshire), 1800s– gwyne, 1900s– gween (Sussex), 1900s– gwoing (west midlands); U.S. regional 1700s–1800s guine, 1700s–1800s gwyne, 1800s gwain, 1800s gwyin', 1800s– gwine, 1900s– gwan, 1900s– gwi (in African-American usage), 1900s– gwi' (in African-American usage); Caribbean 1900s– gwen, 1900s– gwine. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English going , go v. Etymology: Representing a regional pronunciation of going, present participle of go v.The English regional (west midland) forms guining, gwainin, gwaning show double marking of the ending, apparently as a result of hypercorrection. English regional (southern) (now rare), U.S. regional, and Caribbean. 1. As present participle: going. In progressive constructions sometimes with zero auxiliary. ΚΠ 1661 A. Brome Songs & Other Poems 142 They had been better paid'um down Their vorty hundred thousand pown, And zo zet [1664 a zet] 'um gwine. 1787 in N. E. Eliason Tarheel Talk (1956) 311 Going—guine. 1795 B. Dearborn Columbian Gram. 114 But as he was gwyne there, he was blow'd off the coast ten days. 1823 Knight's Q. Mag. 1 300 Oi say, sirree, where be'st the gwain? 1829 S. Kirkham Eng. Gram. (ed. 10) 207/1 Whar you gwine? 1831 R. Lower Tom Cladpole's Jurney xlii. 14 He said he must be gwyn. 1845 W. T. Thompson Major Jones' Chron. Pineville 107 You ought to be gwine home. 1854 Harper's Mag. Dec. 18/2 I think den, I gwine right straight down below. 1873 M. Smith Progress 191 Be you gwaning up the road, Mary? 1896 Longman's Mag. Dec. 155 As I wur gwine up street, zo I looked in. 1908 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 117. 200/1 Vocal Quartettes... I'se Gwine Back to Dixie (coon song). 1928 Cent. Mag. May 17/1 I'm gwine down to de river. 1940 R. Ellison Afternoon in R. Ellison Flying Home & Other Stories (1996) 36 An' I asked him where's he gwine. 1950 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xiv. 34 Whar you gwine? 2005 Oxf. American Fall 78/1 I aint gwine back widout her. 2. In progressive constructions used to express a future action: going to (see go v. 51a). a. Followed by to-infinitive: going to. (a) With zero auxiliary (gwine to). ΚΠ 1833 Amer. Turf Reg. June 535 Don't know, Mas Minot, sep you gwine to win to-morrow. 1867 ‘O. Optic’ Watch & Wait 115 'Pose you see de nigger hunter, wid tree, four dozen bloodhounds: wha—wha—what you gwine to do den? 1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 152 The poor negro who meets it..is doomed... Experienced negroes say when they look at him: ‘He gwine to die; he seed the moonack.’ 1893 M. A. Owen Old Rabbit ix. 127 He sent her wuhd by 'er own lil buddy (brother) dat he gwine ter come arter 'er de Sunday a-follerin'. 1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 60 I adwise unner fo' bodder yo' head about wah kine of a hat yo' gwine fine dere fer fit ober dem horn you gwine ter fine yo'sef fitted out wid. 1980 M. Thelwell Harder they Come (1988) iii. 81 Everah t'ing gwine to be in de ol' way as 'cording to the elders. (b) With auxiliary be (be gwine to). ΚΠ 1840 W. G. Simms Border Beagles I. viii. 132 Some of the larks below cried out as if they were gwine to lick me. 1875 F. Kilvert Diary 16 Jan. (1944) 277 Please, Sir, we'm gwine to play at blindman's buff. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) I baint gwain to wear none o' your papern shoes, and catch me death way the rheumatic. 1903 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (1991) II. 695/2 There's gwine to be trouble here right soon. 1942 L. Bennett Jamaica Dial. Verses 25 I was gwine to sen' pure orellia bush, As yuh wanted so-soh greens. 2000 W. Self How Dead Live (2001) vi. 138 Yeah, I can summon up the past. Howdy-doody past! Yo Main Street USA! I gwyne to talk with yo'—hairball. b. Followed by bare infinitive. (a) With zero auxiliary (functioning as a simple modal auxiliary); cf. go v. 51a(b). ΚΠ 1845 W. G. Simms Wigwam & Cabin 1st Ser. 168 How you gwine fix 'em? 1856 K. E. R. Pickard Kidnapped & Ransomed (ed. 3) xiii. 116 Bless my life! if dar aint Mass'r! Hi! we all's so glad see Missus, we done forget Mass'r gwine come too! 1894 K. Chopin Gentleman of Bayou Têche 295 Stan' 'side f'om dat i'on-boa'd w'ilse I gwine take yo' photygraph. 1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 27 Yo' gwine gimme de money fo' git de butter? 1969 ‘J. Morris’ Fever Grass ii. 19 One day police gwine hol' you. 1995 K. Martin Dream xvi. 230 When you gwine do dat? Mebe neber. (b) With auxiliary be (be gwine). ΚΠ 1854 M. Langdon Ida May v. 56 Us house servants was gwine be put up at auction. 1875 Scribner's Monthly June 240 I'se pow'ful skeered; but neversomeless I ain't gwine run away. 1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 56 An' moresomober , w'en I git t'rou', you is gwine see dat you is better so order yo' conduct' een dis life, dat dere ain' no chance atall ob yo' gittin' dere in de life ter come. 1932 Amer. Speech 7 178 By de time a'-wee was gwine tek de 'tart again, me foot get soak. 2001 N. Samuda-Smith in L. Ross & Y. Brissett Whispers in Walls 136 Errol felt like him face was gwine bruk inna one million likkle piece. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1661
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