grumadj.

/ɡrʌm/

Forms: Also 1700s groom.

Etymology: First recorded in the 17th cent., when it appears suddenly in very frequent use; it was probably a new formation due to blended reminiscence of words like grim, glum, gruff, grumble. Compare Danish grum cruel.

a. Of persons, and their aspect and mode of speaking: Gloomy, morose, surly; = glum adj. 1.

ΘΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective]

ungladc888

wearyc888

drearyc1000

dreary-moodOE

heavyc1000

unmerryOE

droopy?c1225

mournc1275

sada1300

languishinga1325

amayedc1330

matec1330

unlightc1330

unblissful1340

lowa1382

mishappyc1390

dullc1393

elengely1393

droopinga1400

heavy-hearteda1400

joylessa1400

sytefula1400

mornifc1400

tristy?c1400

lightless?1406

heartlessa1413

tristc1420

amatec1425

languoring?c1425

mirthlessc1430

heavisome1435

darkc1440

gloomingc1440

comfortlessc1460

amateda1470

chermatc1475

tristfula1492

lustless?1507

dolorous1513

ruthful1513

downcast1521

deject1528

heartsicka1529

lumpisha1535

coolc1540

dowlyc1540

glum1547

discouraged1548

uncheerfulc1555

dumpish1560

out of heart1565

sadded1566

amoped1573

tristive1578

desolated1580

dejected1581

à la mort1586

delightless1589

afflicted1590

gladless1590

groanful1590

gloomya1593

muddy1592

sitheful1592

cloudy1594

leaden-hearted1596

disconsolated1598

clum1599

life-weary1599

spiritless1600

dusky1602

chop-fallen1604

flat1604

disanimated1605

jaw-fallen1605

moped1606

chap-fallen1608

decheerful1608

uncheerful1612

lacklustrea1616

pulled1616

dumpya1618

depressed1621

head-hung1632

grum1640

downa1644

dispirited1647

down-at-mouth1649

down in (rarely of) the mouth1649

unhearted1650

sunlessa1658

sadful1658

unlightened1659

chagrin1665

saddened1665

damp1667

moping1674

desponding1688

tristitious1694

unenjoying1697

unraised1697

unheartya1699

unked1698

despondent1699

dismal1705

unjoyful1709

unrejoiced1714

dreara1717

disheartened1720

mumpish1721

unrejoicing1726

downhearted1742

out of spirits1745

chagrineda1754

low-spirited1753

sombrea1767

black-blooded1771

glumpy1780

oorie1787

sombrous1789

morose1791

Novemberish1793

glumpish1800

mopeful1800

die-away1802

blue-devilish1804

blue-devilled1807

malagrugrous1818

down in the hip1826

yonderly1828

sunshineless1831

downfaced1832

broody1851

in a (or the) trough1856

blue-devilly1871

drooped1873

glummy1884

pippy1886

humpy1889

pipped1914

lousy1933

pissed1943

crappy1956

doomy1961

bummed1970

the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [adjective]

moodyc1300

distemprec1374

melancholiana1393

solein1399

darkc1440

gloomingc1440

girning1447

melancholyc1450

tetrical1528

tetric1533

distemperate1548

morose1565

sullen1570

stunt1581

humorous1590

gloomya1593

muddy1592

clum1599

dortya1605

humoursome1607

distempereda1616

musty1620

grum1640

agelastic1666

fusty1668

purdy1668

ill-humoured1693

gurly1721

mumpish1721

sunking1724

tetricous1727

sumphish1728

stunkard1737

sulky1744

muggard1746

farouche1765

sombrea1767

glumpy1780

glumpish1800

tiffy1810

splenitive1815

stuffy1825

liverish1828

troglodytish1866

glummy1884

humpy1889

scowly1951

1640 Ld. Kynalmeaky in Lismore Papers (1888) 2nd Ser. IV. 146 The King replyed nothing but Look'd very grum.

1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon iii. ix. 465 Retaining a kind of a grum reservedness in the rest of his Actions.

1704 London Gaz. No. 4030/4 There is lately come to Colchester..a tall Man,..grum countenance.

1735 H. Fielding Old Man taught Wisdom 33 Oh dear Papa! don't look so grum.

1767 T. Bridges Homer Travestie (ed. 2) I. ii. 54 He silence broke, And with so grum an accent spoke, Those people that the circle stood in, Fancy'd his mouth was full of pudding.

1781 Lieut. Archer Let. 30 June in Naval Chron. (1804) 11 284 An old grum fellow of a sailor.

1845 W. E. Frye tr. A. G. Oehlenschlager Gods of North 20 Then thus replied with accent grum The god to heroes dear.

1861 L. L. Noble After Icebergs xiv. 68 Shy and grum at first, but presently talkative enough.

†b. dialect. Of the voice: Gruff, harsh, and deep in tone. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1745 E. Almond in Philos. Trans. 1744–5 (Royal Soc.) 43 250 His Voice, like a Man's, very groom.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	grum
释义	grumadj. /ɡrʌm/ Forms: Also 1700s groom. Etymology: First recorded in the 17th cent., when it appears suddenly in very frequent use; it was probably a new formation due to blended reminiscence of words like grim, glum, gruff, grumble. Compare Danish grum cruel. a. Of persons, and their aspect and mode of speaking: Gloomy, morose, surly; = glum adj. 1. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective] ungladc888 wearyc888 drearyc1000 dreary-moodOE heavyc1000 unmerryOE droopy?c1225 mournc1275 sada1300 languishinga1325 amayedc1330 matec1330 unlightc1330 unblissful1340 lowa1382 mishappyc1390 dullc1393 elengely1393 droopinga1400 heavy-hearteda1400 joylessa1400 sytefula1400 mornifc1400 tristy?c1400 lightless?1406 heartlessa1413 tristc1420 amatec1425 languoring?c1425 mirthlessc1430 heavisome1435 darkc1440 gloomingc1440 comfortlessc1460 amateda1470 chermatc1475 tristfula1492 lustless?1507 dolorous1513 ruthful1513 downcast1521 deject1528 heartsicka1529 lumpisha1535 coolc1540 dowlyc1540 glum1547 discouraged1548 uncheerfulc1555 dumpish1560 out of heart1565 sadded1566 amoped1573 tristive1578 desolated1580 dejected1581 à la mort1586 delightless1589 afflicted1590 gladless1590 groanful1590 gloomya1593 muddy1592 sitheful1592 cloudy1594 leaden-hearted1596 disconsolated1598 clum1599 life-weary1599 spiritless1600 dusky1602 chop-fallen1604 flat1604 disanimated1605 jaw-fallen1605 moped1606 chap-fallen1608 decheerful1608 uncheerful1612 lacklustrea1616 pulled1616 dumpya1618 depressed1621 head-hung1632 grum1640 downa1644 dispirited1647 down-at-mouth1649 down in (rarely of) the mouth1649 unhearted1650 sunlessa1658 sadful1658 unlightened1659 chagrin1665 saddened1665 damp1667 moping1674 desponding1688 tristitious1694 unenjoying1697 unraised1697 unheartya1699 unked1698 despondent1699 dismal1705 unjoyful1709 unrejoiced1714 dreara1717 disheartened1720 mumpish1721 unrejoicing1726 downhearted1742 out of spirits1745 chagrineda1754 low-spirited1753 sombrea1767 black-blooded1771 glumpy1780 oorie1787 sombrous1789 morose1791 Novemberish1793 glumpish1800 mopeful1800 die-away1802 blue-devilish1804 blue-devilled1807 malagrugrous1818 down in the hip1826 yonderly1828 sunshineless1831 downfaced1832 broody1851 in a (or the) trough1856 blue-devilly1871 drooped1873 glummy1884 pippy1886 humpy1889 pipped1914 lousy1933 pissed1943 crappy1956 doomy1961 bummed1970 the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [adjective] moodyc1300 distemprec1374 melancholiana1393 solein1399 darkc1440 gloomingc1440 girning1447 melancholyc1450 tetrical1528 tetric1533 distemperate1548 morose1565 sullen1570 stunt1581 humorous1590 gloomya1593 muddy1592 clum1599 dortya1605 humoursome1607 distempereda1616 musty1620 grum1640 agelastic1666 fusty1668 purdy1668 ill-humoured1693 gurly1721 mumpish1721 sunking1724 tetricous1727 sumphish1728 stunkard1737 sulky1744 muggard1746 farouche1765 sombrea1767 glumpy1780 glumpish1800 tiffy1810 splenitive1815 stuffy1825 liverish1828 troglodytish1866 glummy1884 humpy1889 scowly1951 1640 Ld. Kynalmeaky in Lismore Papers (1888) 2nd Ser. IV. 146 The King replyed nothing but Look'd very grum. 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon iii. ix. 465 Retaining a kind of a grum reservedness in the rest of his Actions. 1704 London Gaz. No. 4030/4 There is lately come to Colchester..a tall Man,..grum countenance. 1735 H. Fielding Old Man taught Wisdom 33 Oh dear Papa! don't look so grum. 1767 T. Bridges Homer Travestie (ed. 2) I. ii. 54 He silence broke, And with so grum an accent spoke, Those people that the circle stood in, Fancy'd his mouth was full of pudding. 1781 Lieut. Archer Let. 30 June in Naval Chron. (1804) 11 284 An old grum fellow of a sailor. 1845 W. E. Frye tr. A. G. Oehlenschlager Gods of North 20 Then thus replied with accent grum The god to heroes dear. 1861 L. L. Noble After Icebergs xiv. 68 Shy and grum at first, but presently talkative enough. †b. dialect. Of the voice: Gruff, harsh, and deep in tone. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1745 E. Almond in Philos. Trans. 1744–5 (Royal Soc.) 43 250 His Voice, like a Man's, very groom. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < adj.1640
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