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单词 britten
释义

brittenv.

Brit. /ˈbrɪtn/, U.S. /ˈbrɪtn/, /ˈbrɪdn/
Forms:

α. Old English britnian, Old English brynodan (plural past indicative, transmission error), Old English brytnian, Middle English breten, Middle English bretin, Middle English bretn- (inflected form), Middle English bretten, Middle English bretton, Middle English brettyn, Middle English bretyn, Middle English briten, Middle English britn- (inflected form), Middle English brittene, Middle English brittn- (inflected form), Middle English britton (in a late copy), Middle English brittun, Middle English brittyn, Middle English brityn, Middle English bruten, Middle English brutn- (inflected form), Middle English bruttene, Middle English bryton (in a late copy), Middle English brytten, Middle English bryttyn, Middle English brytyn, Middle English (1600s– English regional (northern)) britten, 1800s– britt'n (English regional (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 bretyn, pre-1700 brittyn, pre-1700 britynnit (past tense), pre-1700 brytn- (inflected form), pre-1700 bryttin.

β. late Middle English birten, late Middle English byrten, late Middle English byrttyn; Scottish pre-1700 barnit (past tense, transmission error), pre-1700 bartyn, pre-1700 bertn- (inflected form), pre-1700 bertyn.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: < the Germanic base of brit v.1 + the Germanic base of -en suffix5. Compare Old Icelandic brotna to burst, break. Compare also Old English brytta someone who dispenses (gifts), lord, prince, Old Icelandic bryti steward (both n -stems). With the sense development compare brit v.1 Compare brittle adj.In Old English the prefixed form gebrytnian to distribute, apportion (compare y- prefix) is also attested.
Now rare. Perhaps Obsolete (English regional (northern) in later use).
1. transitive. To deal out, apportion; to distribute, dispense. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)]
britteneOE
to-dealeOE
dealOE
britOE
setc1275
dispensec1374
dispendc1375
to-seta1387
dispone1429
disposec1430
sparple1435
demean1439
distributea1464
distribue1477
issuec1484
communy1530
to deal out1535
impart1545
disperse1555
retail1576
digest1578
deliver1626
to hand out1648
to dispose of1676
dispensate1701
dole1701
to give out1710
sling1860
to give away1889
to pass out1926
dish1934
eOE (Kentish) Charter: Oswulf & Beornðryð to Christ Church, Canterbury (Sawyer 1188) in F. E. Harmer Sel. Eng. Hist. Docs. 9th & 10th Cent. (1914) 2 Ond ðas forecuędenan suęsenda all agefe mon ðęm reogolwarde & he brytnię swæ higum maest red sie.
OE Beowulf 2383 Hæfdon hy forhealden..þone selestan sæcyninga þara ðe..in Swiorice sinc brytnade.
OE Harley Gloss. (1966) 137 Dispertiens, brytniende.
2. transitive. To divide. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)]
to-shedc888
to-dealeOE
dealc950
twemea1023
to-doOE
to-shiftc1122
brittenc1175
sunderc1230
depart1297
parta1300
twain15..
dividec1380
minisha1382
dressc1410
dissever1417
sever1435
quarterc1440
distinct1526
videc1540
disperse1548
several1570
separate1581
dirempt1587
distinguish1609
piecemeal1611
discrete1624
dispart1629
slit1645
parcel1652
canton1653
tripartite1653
split1707
carve1711
scind1869
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14178 Þiss werelld..iss dæledd. & brittnedd inn till daless þre.
3.
a. transitive. To cut into pieces; to kill, slay, butcher. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)]
swevec725
quelmeOE
slayc893
quelleOE
of-falleOE
ofslayeOE
aquellc950
ayeteeOE
spillc950
beliveOE
to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE
fordoa1000
forfarea1000
asweveOE
drepeOE
forleseOE
martyrOE
to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE
bringc1175
off-quellc1175
quenchc1175
forswelta1225
adeadc1225
to bring of daysc1225
to do to deathc1225
to draw (a person) to deathc1225
murder?c1225
aslayc1275
forferec1275
to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275
martyrc1300
strangle1303
destroya1325
misdoa1325
killc1330
tailc1330
to take the life of (also fro)c1330
enda1340
to kill to (into, unto) death1362
brittena1375
deadc1374
to ding to deathc1380
mortifya1382
perisha1387
to dight to death1393
colea1400
fella1400
kill out (away, down, up)a1400
to slay up or downa1400
swelta1400
voida1400
deliverc1400
starvec1425
jugylc1440
morta1450
to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480
to put offc1485
to-slaya1500
to make away with1502
to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503
rida1513
to put downa1525
to hang out of the way1528
dispatch?1529
strikea1535
occidea1538
to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540
to fling to deathc1540
extinct1548
to make out of the way1551
to fet offa1556
to cut offc1565
to make away?1566
occise1575
spoil1578
senda1586
to put away1588
exanimate1593
unmortalize1593
speed1594
unlive1594
execute1597
dislive1598
extinguish1598
to lay along1599
to make hence1605
conclude1606
kill off1607
disanimate1609
feeze1609
to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611
to kill dead1615
transporta1616
spatch1616
to take off1619
mactate1623
to make meat of1632
to turn up1642
inanimate1647
pop1649
enecate1657
cadaverate1658
expedite1678
to make dog's meat of1679
to make mincemeat of1709
sluice1749
finisha1753
royna1770
still1778
do1780
deaden1807
deathifyc1810
to lay out1829
cool1833
to use up1833
puckeroo1840
to rub out1840
cadaverize1841
to put under the sod1847
suicide1852
outkill1860
to fix1875
to put under1879
corpse1884
stiffen1888
tip1891
to do away with1899
to take out1900
stretch1902
red-light1906
huff1919
to knock rotten1919
skittle1919
liquidate1924
clip1927
to set over1931
creasea1935
ice1941
lose1942
to put to sleep1942
zap1942
hit1955
to take down1967
wax1968
trash1973
ace1975
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1073 Þe douȝti duk..bet a-doun burwes, & brutned moche peple.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8720 God it wit-schild Þat þou [sc. Solomon] britten [1400 Fairf. briten, a1400 Gött. brettyn] sua mi child. Yee giue him all til hir allan!
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 106 He sall..Bryne Bretayn þe brade, and bryttyn thy knyghtys.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iii. l. 400 Sothroun men that bertynit war to dede.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) ii. x. 183 Cruell Pyrrus, Quhilk brytnys the son befor the faderis face.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1971 Drawen as a dog & to dethe broght: Brittonet þi body into bare qwarters.
b. transitive. Hunting. To cut up (a boar or deer). Cf. brittle v.1 Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > cut up deer
brittlea1300
attirec1330
breakc1330
brittenc1400
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > cut up pig or boar
brittenc1400
sidea1450
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1339 Siþen britned þay þe brest and brayden hit in twynne.
c1440 (a1400) Sir Eglamour (Thornton) (1965) 490 To bryttyn [c1450 Calig. byrten] þe bare þay went full tite; Þar wolde no knyves in hym bytte, So hard of hyde was he.
c1475 (?c1425) Avowing of King Arthur (1984) l. 261 Sethun brittuns he þe best As venesun in forest.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 431 Tha bar [t] nit thame lyke ony bludie deir.
c. transitive. English regional (northern). To cut (meat) into pieces. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > dress in specific way
hash1615
to farce together1650
fricassee1657
collarc1670
britten1688
roll1702
ragout1710
French1747
turtlea1756
fricandeau1769
haricot1769
surprise1769
1688 Dictionariolum Islandicum in R. Jonsson Recentissima Antiquissimæ Linguæ Septentrionalis Incunabula 101/1 Brioota, frangere... A. Bor. To britten beef, i.e. to break the bones of beef.
4. transitive. To demolish, destroy; to smash, shatter. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)]
to bring to noughteOE
forspillc893
fordilghec900
to bring to naughtOE
astryea1200
stroyc1200
forferec1275
misdoa1325
destroyc1330
naught1340
dingc1380
beshenda1400
devoida1400
unshapea1400
to wend downa1400
brittenc1400
unloukc1400
perishc1426
defeat1435
unmake1439
lithc1450
spend1481
kill1530
to shend ofc1540
quade1565
to make away1566
discreate1570
wrake1570
wracka1586
unwork1587
gaster1609
defease1621
unbe1624
uncreate1633
destructa1638
naufragate1648
stifle1725
stramash1788
disannul1794
destructify1841
locust1868
to knock out1944
dick1972
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break to pieces, shatter, or burst
to-breakc888
briteOE
to-shenec950
abreakOE
forgnidea1000
to-brytc1000
to-burstc1000
to-driveOE
shiverc1200
to-shiverc1200
to-reavec1225
shiverc1250
debruise1297
to-crack13..
to-frushc1300
to-sliftc1315
chinec1330
littlec1350
dingc1380
bruisea1382
burst1382
rushc1390
shinderc1390
spald?a1400
brittenc1400
pashc1400
forbruise1413
to break, etc. into sherds1426
shattera1450
truncheon1477
scarboyle1502
shonk1508
to-shattera1513
rash1513
shidera1529
grind1535
infringe1543
dishiver1562
rupture1578
splinter1582
tear1582
disshiver1596
upburst1596
to burst up1601
diminish1607
confract1609
to blow (shiver, smash, tear, etc.) to or into atoms1612
dishatter1615
vanquashc1626
beshiver1647
disfrange1778
smash1778
explode1784
bust1806
spell1811
smithereen1878
shard1900
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break down, demolish, or ruin
spillc950
fellOE
to cast downc1230
destroy1297
to turn up?c1335
to throw down1340
to ding downc1380
to break downa1382
subverta1382
underturn1382
to take downc1384
falla1400
to make (a building, etc.) plain (with the earth)a1400
voida1400
brittenc1400
to burst downc1440
to pull downc1450
pluck1481
tumble1487
wreck1510
defacea1513
confound1523
raze1523
arase1530
to beat downc1540
ruinate1548
demolish1560
plane1562
to shovel down1563
race?1567
ruin1585
rape1597
unwall1598
to bluster down16..
raise1603
level1614
debolish1615
unbuilda1616
to make smooth work of1616
slight1640
to knock down1776
squabash1822
collapse1883
to turn over1897
mash1924
rubble1945
to take apart1978
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2 Siþen þe sege..watz sesed at Troye, Þe borȝ brittened & brent to brondez & askez.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 1487 (MED) With brandes of broun stele þey brettened maylez.
a1450 York Plays (1885) 292 (MED) Þus schall I brittyn all youre bones on brede.
a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) l. 2256 (MED) Oure burgh ayayn to be beld þat brytynd is to noght.
5. transitive. English regional (north-western). To beat, thrash. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1897 B. Kirkby in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1898) I. 406/2 [Westmorland] Ah'll britt'n thee thi jacket, thoo gurt slenk.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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v.eOE
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