graphitizev.
/ˈɡrafɪtʌɪz/ 1. transitive.absolute.1910 Encycl. Brit. XII. 365/1 In graphitizing en masse large lumps of anthracite are treated in the electric furnace.
a. To convert (an allotrope of carbon) into graphite, to make more graphitic.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbon > graphitization [verb (transitive)]
graphitize1899
1899 E. G. Acheson in Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 3rd Ser. 147 485 I have also graphitized some tons of carbon plates, to be used in making dynamo and motor brushes.
1912 W. L. Landis in A. Rogers & A. B. Aubert Industr. Chem. xii. 276 After such a run the granulated coke forming the heating core has been graphitized.
1952 Mineral. Mag. 29 805 Attempts were also made to graphitize diamonds in a carbon arc.
b. To cause the combined carbon in (a ferrous alloy) to form graphite; to convert (a carbon-containing constituent of a ferrous alloy) into graphite and something else.
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1919 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 99 582 Carbon-iron alloys within the range 2·0 to 4·3 per cent. carbon, when..slowly cooled past the eutectic freezing temperature 1130° C., were partially graphitised.
1934 Chem. & Ind. 14 Dec. 1052/2 With the aid of silicon, which breaks down or graphitizes the iron carbide.., the bulk of the carbide can be converted to iron and graphite.
1937 S. Epstein & F. T. Sisco Alloys Iron & Carbon II. x. 369 All the remaining austenite changes to ferrite and cementite; the remaining cementite has, therefore, still to be graphitized.
1960 J. Laing & R. T. Rolfe Man. Foundry Pract. (ed. 3) x. 366 In the manufacture of whiteheart..the white iron is not only graphitised, but the carbon is also very largely removed.
2. intransitive.
a. Of a ferrous alloy: to undergo a change characterized by the conversion of the combined carbon into graphite.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbon > graphitization [verb (intransitive)]
graphitize1919
1919 Bull. Amer. Inst. Mining & Metall. Engineers July 1068 The gray iron..begins to graphitize further at temperatures lower than those at which there is initial graphitization of the white iron.
1920 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 102 293 White pig iron always graphitises when annealed at a temperature above 1000°.
1961 Metals Handbk. (ed. 8) I. 587/3 Many of these steels do not graphitize completely.
b. To change into graphite.
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1968 C. G. Kuper Introd. Theory Superconductivity i. 11 Diamond at room temperature shows no tendency to graphitize.
1970 New Scientist 5 Feb. 252/2 The non-graphitizing type [of carbon] can be induced to graphitize by the use of a catalyst.
Derivatives
ˈgraphitizable adj. convertible into graphite.
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1970 New Scientist 5 Feb. 253/1 A synthetic fibre of the graphitizable type.
ˌgraphitizaˈbility n.
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1951 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 209 207 The graphitizability of a carbon is apparently related to its colloidal or fine-pore structure.
ˈgraphitizing adj. that graphitizes or brings about graphitization; also as n.
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1904 Electrochem. Industry II. 492/2 When carbon is raised to the graphitizing temperature its properties will depend largely on the kind of amorphous carbon used.
1920 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 102 288 This process continues..until the temperature falls below the graphitising range.
1930 Engineering 11 July 58/1 Work carried out on the influence of nickel on cast iron has..demonstrated that nickel is, like silicon, a graphitising agent.
1951 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 209 198 Those non-graphitic carbons which, on heating to temperatures between 1700 and 3000° C, form graphitic carbons will be called graphitizing carbons.
1951 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 209 203 At a certain temperature..there is formed, in a non-graphitizing carbon, a certain proportion of graphitic or graphitizable carbon.
1970 New Scientist 5 Feb. 252/2 With increasing temperatures the structure and properties of graphitizing carbons approach those of graphite.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
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