Great Chamn.

Brit.

/ˌɡreɪt ˈkam/, U.S.

/ˌɡreɪt ˈkæm/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: great adj., cham n.

Etymology: < great adj. + cham n. Compare Great Khan at khan n.¹Apparently coined by Tobias Smollett in a letter to John Wilkes (see quot. 1759), although misprinted great chum in Wilkes's published correspondence (e.g. Eng. Liberty (1769) II. 380). It is in this form that the words appear in the 1st edition of Boswell's Life of Johnson (1791), accompanied by the following reproving footnote: ‘Had Dr. Smollet been bred at an English University, he would have known that a chum is a student who lives with another in a chamber common to them both. A chum of literature is nonsense.’ In the 2nd edition (1793) chum was corrected to Cham , and an apologetic footnote conceded that the mistake was surely not Smollett's: ‘In my first edition this word was printed Chum, as it appears in one of Mr. Wilkes's Miscellanies, and I animadverted on Dr. Smollet's ignorance; for which let me propitiate the manes of that ingenious and benevolent gentleman. Chum was certainly a mistaken reading for Cham, the title of the Sovereign of Tartary, which is well applied to Johnson, the Monarch of Literature.’ In the 3rd edition (1799) an extract from a letter of John Armstrong to Smollett (see quot. a1771) is cited by way of further exculpation of the latter. Nevertheless, a case is sometimes made for retention of the original reading as an extended use of chum n.¹, but this seems very unlikely in the context. Both cham n. and chum n.¹ are used by Smollett elsewhere.

literary.

With the. (A humorous or affectionate name for) the writer, lexicographer, and conversationalist Samuel Johnson (1709–84).

ΚΠ

1759 T. Smollett Let. 16 Mar. in J. Boswell Life Johnson (1791) I. 190 I am again your petitioner, in behalf of that great chum [1793 ed. 2 Cham] of literature, Samuel Johnson.

a1771 J. Armstrong Let. in J. Boswell Life Johnson (1799) I. 310 A letter of yours [sc. Smollett's] asking some trifling favour of him in behalf of somebody, for whom the great Cham of literature, Mr. Johnson, had interested himself.

1832 Anniv. Cal. I. 53 In 1759, was buried at Lichfield, Mrs. Sarah Johnson, the mother of the great Cham in letters.

1833 H. Coleridge Biographia Borealis 323 ‘But the truth is,’ says the great Cham, ‘that morality was never suffered to protect heresy in the days of persecution.’

1898 Critic (N.Y.) 26 Feb. 145/1 Dr. Samuel Johnson..tested the vigor of his mind by attempting to learn a language that he had never studied before..; and the Great Cham was delighted to find that his mental faculties were still unimpaired.

1958 P. Kemp No Colours or Crest vii. 146 I would jerk awake to find myself declaiming one of the magisterial pronouncements of the Great Cham.

1998 J. Barnes England, England (1999) 208 Project Development also provided a bibliophilic stooge, ready with a deferential prompt to spark the Great Cham's wit.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	great cham
释义	Great Chamn. Brit. /ˌɡreɪt ˈkam/, U.S. /ˌɡreɪt ˈkæm/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: great adj., cham n. Etymology: < great adj. + cham n. Compare Great Khan at khan n.¹Apparently coined by Tobias Smollett in a letter to John Wilkes (see quot. 1759), although misprinted great chum in Wilkes's published correspondence (e.g. Eng. Liberty (1769) II. 380). It is in this form that the words appear in the 1st edition of Boswell's Life of Johnson (1791), accompanied by the following reproving footnote: ‘Had Dr. Smollet been bred at an English University, he would have known that a chum is a student who lives with another in a chamber common to them both. A chum of literature is nonsense.’ In the 2nd edition (1793) chum was corrected to Cham , and an apologetic footnote conceded that the mistake was surely not Smollett's: ‘In my first edition this word was printed Chum, as it appears in one of Mr. Wilkes's Miscellanies, and I animadverted on Dr. Smollet's ignorance; for which let me propitiate the manes of that ingenious and benevolent gentleman. Chum was certainly a mistaken reading for Cham, the title of the Sovereign of Tartary, which is well applied to Johnson, the Monarch of Literature.’ In the 3rd edition (1799) an extract from a letter of John Armstrong to Smollett (see quot. a1771) is cited by way of further exculpation of the latter. Nevertheless, a case is sometimes made for retention of the original reading as an extended use of chum n.¹, but this seems very unlikely in the context. Both cham n. and chum n.¹ are used by Smollett elsewhere. literary. With the. (A humorous or affectionate name for) the writer, lexicographer, and conversationalist Samuel Johnson (1709–84). ΚΠ 1759 T. Smollett Let. 16 Mar. in J. Boswell Life Johnson (1791) I. 190 I am again your petitioner, in behalf of that great chum [1793 ed. 2 Cham] of literature, Samuel Johnson. a1771 J. Armstrong Let. in J. Boswell Life Johnson (1799) I. 310 A letter of yours [sc. Smollett's] asking some trifling favour of him in behalf of somebody, for whom the great Cham of literature, Mr. Johnson, had interested himself. 1832 Anniv. Cal. I. 53 In 1759, was buried at Lichfield, Mrs. Sarah Johnson, the mother of the great Cham in letters. 1833 H. Coleridge Biographia Borealis 323 ‘But the truth is,’ says the great Cham, ‘that morality was never suffered to protect heresy in the days of persecution.’ 1898 Critic (N.Y.) 26 Feb. 145/1 Dr. Samuel Johnson..tested the vigor of his mind by attempting to learn a language that he had never studied before..; and the Great Cham was delighted to find that his mental faculties were still unimpaired. 1958 P. Kemp No Colours or Crest vii. 146 I would jerk awake to find myself declaiming one of the magisterial pronouncements of the Great Cham. 1998 J. Barnes England, England (1999) 208 Project Development also provided a bibliophilic stooge, ready with a deferential prompt to spark the Great Cham's wit. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1759
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