gravitatev.

/ˈɡravɪteɪt/

Etymology: < modern Latin gravitāt-, participial stem of gravitāre , < gravis heavy, gravitās weight, gravity n. Compare 17th cent. French graviter.

†1.

a. intransitive. To exert weight or pressure; to press upon (on); also of heavy bodies, to move or tend to move downward by their own weight. Obsolete.In early natural philosophy, bodies classed as heavy were said to gravitate, and bodies classed as light to levitate, in consequence of their tendency to ‘seek their own place’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [verb (intransitive)] > exert pressure

pressa1400

bear1581

gravitate1644

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > sink > under weight or pressure > tend downwards under its own weight

peisea1500

poise1615

gravitate1644

1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xi. 90 The weights..do not grauitate or weigh so much..when the ayre is thicke and foggy.

1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xvii. 110 The one gravitating, the other pressing with equal force upon the subjacent Mercury.

1661 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. iv. 9 When the lower finger is removed then the Cylinder of Mercury, which before gravitated upon the Finger comes to gravitate upon the restagnant Mercury.

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. ii. 107 By which [experiment] it..appears, that water does gravitate in its own Sphære (as they phrase it).

1678 T. Hobbes Decameron Physiologicum viii. 86 Water does not Gravitate on any part of it self beneath it.

1782 A. Monro Ess. Compar. Anat. (ed. 3) 29 in Monro's Anat. Human Bones (new ed.) The lymph..gravitating upon the inferior part of the ventricles may..elongate and produce them.

1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic vi. ii. 144 In the ancient philosophy..Many things were assumed under that character without a just title [e.g.]..that bodies do not gravitate in their proper place.

1808 J. Bentham Sc. Reform 38 The..burthen of patronage, which, by Right Honourable persons in your Lordship's..station, has always been felt to gravitate with so severe a pressure.

1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 135 As all parts of the atmosphere gravitate, or press upon each other.]

†b. transitive. To weigh down, oppress. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)] > afflict > oppress or afflict

heavyc897

narroweOE

overlayOE

overseamOE

twingea1300

to weigh downa1340

grieve1340

besit1377

oppressc1384

foila1400

thringa1400

empressc1400

enpressc1400

aska1425

press?a1425

peisea1450

straita1464

constraina1500

overhale1531

to grate on or upon1532

wrack1562

surcharge1592

to lie heavy uponc1595

to weigh back, on one side, to the earth1595

to sit on ——1607

to sit upon ——1607

gall1614

bear1645

weight1647

obsess1648

aggrieve1670

swinge1681

lean1736

gravitate1754

weigh1794

1754 P. Hiffernan Hiberniad i. 6 People..condemned to Tracts of Land, and gravitated by an Atmosphere baneful to them.

a. intransitive. To be affected by gravitation; to move or tend to move by the force of gravity towards a body, as the planets of the solar system towards the sun, and bodies near and on the earth towards its centre, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > [verb (intransitive)] > gravitate

gravitate1693

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > move towards by force of gravity

gravitate1693

1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 30 The Sun, Moon and all the Planets do reciprocally gravitate one toward another.

1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 86 That matter is with active Force endu'd, That all its Parts Magnetic Pow'r exert, And to each other gravitate.

1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. i. §47. 99 The Secondary Planets of Jupiter gravitate towards Jupiter..and both the Primary and Secondary Planets gravitate towards the Sun.

1739 E. Carter tr. F. Algarotti Sir I. Newton's Philos. Explain'd II. 46 All Bodies here below gravitate, and if left to themselves descend.

1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 16 As all bodies gravitate towards the earth, so does the earth gravitate towards all bodies.

1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (1849) i. 7 The satellites also gravitate to their primaries.

1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 436 Systems of bodies which gravitate round a central body.

b. To sink or fall by, or as by, gravitation: to tend to reach a low level; to settle down (into a place). literal and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > sink

syec888

besinkc893

asye1024

asinkc1275

sink?a1300

settlec1315

silea1400

droopc1540

recide1628

subsidate1653

squat1687

pitch1751

gravitate1823

1823 T. Chalmers Posthumous Wks. (1849) VI. 410 The soul sinks and gravitates again to the dust of its own kindred earthliness.

1847 A. Helps Friends in Council I. ii. 29 They gravitate into their old way very soon.

1851 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1864) 2nd Ser. xi. 143 The soul gravitates downward beneath its burden.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. I. 142 Thus were the various parties in the vast struggle which was about to commence gravitating into their places.

1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 400 The intestinal contents..had gravitated behind the ascending colon to the region of the cæcum.

c. transitive. To cause to descend or sink by gravitation; spec. in Diamond-mining, to manipulate (the gravel) after washing, so that the heavy stones sink to the bottom (in quot. 1894¹ absol.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > by gravitation

gravitate1894

1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly Aug. 473 These are sufficiently near the shore to be used to dig materials from to be gravitated down to the dam.

1894 Graphic 4 Aug. 129/2 [In diamond-digging] there is the gravitating machine, which has the same effect on the gravel as gravitating by hand.

3. transferred and figurative (intransitive) To move or tend to move towards a certain point or object as a natural goal or destination; to be strongly attracted (to some centre of influence).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)]

wryc888

driveOE

drawc1175

rine?c1225

soundc1374

tendc1374

lean1398

clinea1400

movec1450

turnc1450

recline?a1475

covet1520

intend?1521

extenda1533

decline?1541

bow1562

bend1567

follow1572

inflecta1575

incline1584

warpa1592

to draw near1597

squint1599

nod1600

propend1605

looka1616

verge1664

gravitate1673

set1778

slant1850

trend1863

tilt1967

1673 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd ii. 187 A Lecture..upon the Centers of Knowledge and Ignorance, and how and when they Gravitate and Levitate.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. vii. 73 The market price..is..continually gravitating..towards the natural price.

1777 E. Burke Let. to C. J. Fox in Wks. IX. 154 We must gravitate towards them, if we would keep in the same system, or expect that they should approach towards us.

1837 Sir R. Peel in Croker Papers 5 July (1884) II A King..is the centre towards which all business gravitates.

1865 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (new ed.) VIII. lxvi. 245 Rome..was the place to which the imperial pilgrimages gravitated.

1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 VI. lxv. 295 The Irish no longer, as of old, gravitated to Scotland.

1875 C. Merivale Gen. Hist. Rome lxxiv. 616 The common feeling of mankind was slowly gravitating towards the new religion.

Derivatives

ˈgravitated adj.

ΚΠ

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Gravitated, weighed, poised.

1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) II. 469 The lungs were of a pale grey, without any marks of gravitated blood.

ˈgravitater n. a workman who ‘gravitates’.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > one who washes or dresses ore

vanner1671

buddler1747

cobber1778

jigger1778

jigman1849

puddler1855

buddle-boy1860

spaller1884

tozer1885

stamps-man1891

gravitater1894

1894 Graphic 4 Aug. 129/2 [Diamond-digging] Then the washing begins. A bucketful of gravel is put into a fine-mesh sieve,..and a ‘nigger’ takes it,..shaking it so as to wash the gravel. He then passes it to the ‘gravitater’..the gravitater, by dexterous manipulation, causing all the heavy stones to sink to the bottom and come together in the centre.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	gravitate
释义	gravitateadj. Etymology: < Latin gravit-ās + -ate suffix².Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈgravitate. Endowed with gravity.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1827 S. T. Coleridge Notes & Lect. on Shakespeare (1849) II. 157 The particles themselves must have an interior and gravitate being. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019). gravitatev. /ˈɡravɪteɪt/ Etymology: < modern Latin gravitāt-, participial stem of gravitāre , < gravis heavy, gravitās weight, gravity n. Compare 17th cent. French graviter. †1. a. intransitive. To exert weight or pressure; to press upon (on); also of heavy bodies, to move or tend to move downward by their own weight. Obsolete.In early natural philosophy, bodies classed as heavy were said to gravitate, and bodies classed as light to levitate, in consequence of their tendency to ‘seek their own place’. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > force > [verb (intransitive)] > exert pressure pressa1400 bear1581 gravitate1644 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > sink > under weight or pressure > tend downwards under its own weight peisea1500 poise1615 gravitate1644 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xi. 90 The weights..do not grauitate or weigh so much..when the ayre is thicke and foggy. 1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xvii. 110 The one gravitating, the other pressing with equal force upon the subjacent Mercury. 1661 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) i. iv. 9 When the lower finger is removed then the Cylinder of Mercury, which before gravitated upon the Finger comes to gravitate upon the restagnant Mercury. 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. ii. 107 By which [experiment] it..appears, that water does gravitate in its own Sphære (as they phrase it). 1678 T. Hobbes Decameron Physiologicum viii. 86 Water does not Gravitate on any part of it self beneath it. 1782 A. Monro Ess. Compar. Anat. (ed. 3) 29 in Monro's Anat. Human Bones (new ed.) The lymph..gravitating upon the inferior part of the ventricles may..elongate and produce them. 1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic vi. ii. 144 In the ancient philosophy..Many things were assumed under that character without a just title [e.g.]..that bodies do not gravitate in their proper place. 1808 J. Bentham Sc. Reform 38 The..burthen of patronage, which, by Right Honourable persons in your Lordship's..station, has always been felt to gravitate with so severe a pressure. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 135 As all parts of the atmosphere gravitate, or press upon each other.] †b. transitive. To weigh down, oppress. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)] > afflict > oppress or afflict heavyc897 narroweOE overlayOE overseamOE twingea1300 to weigh downa1340 grieve1340 besit1377 oppressc1384 foila1400 thringa1400 empressc1400 enpressc1400 aska1425 press?a1425 peisea1450 straita1464 constraina1500 overhale1531 to grate on or upon1532 wrack1562 surcharge1592 to lie heavy uponc1595 to weigh back, on one side, to the earth1595 to sit on ——1607 to sit upon ——1607 gall1614 bear1645 weight1647 obsess1648 aggrieve1670 swinge1681 lean1736 gravitate1754 weigh1794 1754 P. Hiffernan Hiberniad i. 6 People..condemned to Tracts of Land, and gravitated by an Atmosphere baneful to them. 2. a. intransitive. To be affected by gravitation; to move or tend to move by the force of gravity towards a body, as the planets of the solar system towards the sun, and bodies near and on the earth towards its centre, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > [verb (intransitive)] > gravitate gravitate1693 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > move towards by force of gravity gravitate1693 1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 30 The Sun, Moon and all the Planets do reciprocally gravitate one toward another. 1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 86 That matter is with active Force endu'd, That all its Parts Magnetic Pow'r exert, And to each other gravitate. 1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. i. §47. 99 The Secondary Planets of Jupiter gravitate towards Jupiter..and both the Primary and Secondary Planets gravitate towards the Sun. 1739 E. Carter tr. F. Algarotti Sir I. Newton's Philos. Explain'd II. 46 All Bodies here below gravitate, and if left to themselves descend. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 16 As all bodies gravitate towards the earth, so does the earth gravitate towards all bodies. 1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. (1849) i. 7 The satellites also gravitate to their primaries. 1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 436 Systems of bodies which gravitate round a central body. b. To sink or fall by, or as by, gravitation: to tend to reach a low level; to settle down (into a place). literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > sink syec888 besinkc893 asye1024 asinkc1275 sink?a1300 settlec1315 silea1400 droopc1540 recide1628 subsidate1653 squat1687 pitch1751 gravitate1823 1823 T. Chalmers Posthumous Wks. (1849) VI. 410 The soul sinks and gravitates again to the dust of its own kindred earthliness. 1847 A. Helps Friends in Council I. ii. 29 They gravitate into their old way very soon. 1851 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1864) 2nd Ser. xi. 143 The soul gravitates downward beneath its burden. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. I. 142 Thus were the various parties in the vast struggle which was about to commence gravitating into their places. 1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 400 The intestinal contents..had gravitated behind the ascending colon to the region of the cæcum. c. transitive. To cause to descend or sink by gravitation; spec. in Diamond-mining, to manipulate (the gravel) after washing, so that the heavy stones sink to the bottom (in quot. 1894¹ absol.). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > by gravitation gravitate1894 1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly Aug. 473 These are sufficiently near the shore to be used to dig materials from to be gravitated down to the dam. 1894 Graphic 4 Aug. 129/2 [In diamond-digging] there is the gravitating machine, which has the same effect on the gravel as gravitating by hand. 3. transferred and figurative (intransitive) To move or tend to move towards a certain point or object as a natural goal or destination; to be strongly attracted (to some centre of influence). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)] wryc888 driveOE drawc1175 rine?c1225 soundc1374 tendc1374 lean1398 clinea1400 movec1450 turnc1450 recline?a1475 covet1520 intend?1521 extenda1533 decline?1541 bow1562 bend1567 follow1572 inflecta1575 incline1584 warpa1592 to draw near1597 squint1599 nod1600 propend1605 looka1616 verge1664 gravitate1673 set1778 slant1850 trend1863 tilt1967 1673 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd ii. 187 A Lecture..upon the Centers of Knowledge and Ignorance, and how and when they Gravitate and Levitate. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. vii. 73 The market price..is..continually gravitating..towards the natural price. View more context for this quotation 1777 E. Burke Let. to C. J. Fox in Wks. IX. 154 We must gravitate towards them, if we would keep in the same system, or expect that they should approach towards us. 1837 Sir R. Peel in Croker Papers 5 July (1884) II A King..is the centre towards which all business gravitates. 1865 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (new ed.) VIII. lxvi. 245 Rome..was the place to which the imperial pilgrimages gravitated. 1870 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 VI. lxv. 295 The Irish no longer, as of old, gravitated to Scotland. 1875 C. Merivale Gen. Hist. Rome lxxiv. 616 The common feeling of mankind was slowly gravitating towards the new religion. Derivatives ˈgravitated adj. ΚΠ 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Gravitated, weighed, poised. 1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) II. 469 The lungs were of a pale grey, without any marks of gravitated blood. ˈgravitater n. a workman who ‘gravitates’. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > one who washes or dresses ore vanner1671 buddler1747 cobber1778 jigger1778 jigman1849 puddler1855 buddle-boy1860 spaller1884 tozer1885 stamps-man1891 gravitater1894 1894 Graphic 4 Aug. 129/2 [Diamond-digging] Then the washing begins. A bucketful of gravel is put into a fine-mesh sieve,..and a ‘nigger’ takes it,..shaking it so as to wash the gravel. He then passes it to the ‘gravitater’..the gravitater, by dexterous manipulation, causing all the heavy stones to sink to the bottom and come together in the centre. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1827v.1644
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gravitateadj.

gravitatev.

Derivatives