gownsmann.

Brit.

/ˈɡaʊnzmən/, U.S.

/ˈɡaʊnzmən/

Forms: Also 1500s–1700s gownman.

Etymology: < gown n. + man n.¹; compare craft(s)man, draught(s)man, sword(s)man, etc.

†1. (Used to translate Latin togātus.) An adult Roman; a Roman as distinguished from one of another nation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > ancient Romans > [noun] > native or inhabitant of ancient Rome

RomaneOE

RomewareeOE

Romanera1450

gownsman1579

Romulist1594

Romanist1927

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 573 He called Lucullus, Xerxes the gownman, as if he would haue sayd, Xerxes the Romane.

1579–80 T. North tr. Plutarch Lives (1676) 959 Four years after that, he became a Gownman, though he were but young.

2. One wearing the gown, or ‘dress of peace’ (cf. gown n. 3 and Latin togātus); a civilian, in contradistinction to a soldier.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > peace > civilian life > [noun] > a civilian

gownsman1612

citizena1616

mohair1785

civilian1794

pékin1827

cit1833

mufti1833

non-militant1840

civvy1915

shore-loafer1916

1612 J. Boys Autumne Part 168 Then we shall be no longer souldiers in armour, but gowne men in long white robes, hauing palmes in our hands.

1643 G. Wither Campo-Musæ 15 The Gownman, must a Swordman, learne to be.

1699 T. Cockman tr. Cicero Offices i. xxiii. 77 The Publick receives as much Benefit from Gownsmen..as it doth from Soldiers.

1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth II. 253 Let the politick Gown-man, Tread the Mazes of the State.

1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) IV. lx. 516 The soldiery..were more desirous of serving under a young prince of spirit and vivacity than under a committee of talking gown-men.

a1797 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1812) V. 648 It was rather a military spirit, than that of the gownman.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. ix. 485 Military men are seldom disposed to take counsel with gownsmen on military matters.

3. One who wears a gown as an indication of his office, profession, or standing.

a. A member of the legal profession; a lawyer, barrister, or judge.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun]

lawyer1377

man of lawc1405

practiserc1450

jurist1481

lawman1535

practitioner1576

man of the long coat1579

(a gentleman) toward the law1592

gownsman1627

law-driver1640

long-robe man1654

green bag1699

flycatcher1708

homme d'affaires1717

jet1728

law-solicitor1738

shark1806

blue bag1817

law-person1819

law-gentleman1837

maître1883

lip1929

1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) iii. 155 To play the Gowneman now He had forgot.

1673 F. Kirkman Unlucky Citizen 174 Instead of Gown-men pleading at the Bar, they found Sword-men fighting at the Barriers.

a1735 Ld. Lansdowne Beauty & Law in Poems 35 Was't a vain promise and a gownman's lie?

1858 A. Polson Law & Lawyers 60 He was a legal monk, a cloistered gownsman.

b. A member of the clerical profession; a clergyman. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > [noun]

God's maneOE

priestOE

clerkc1050

secularc1290

vicary1303

minister1340

divinec1380

man of Godc1384

kirkmana1400

man of the churchc1400

cockc1405

Ecclesiastc1405

spiritual1441

ministrator1450

abbé1530

reverend1547

churchman1549

tippet-captain?1550

tippet knight1551

tippet man1551

public minister1564

reading minister1572

clergyman1577

clerk1577

padre1584

minstrel1586

spiritual1600

cleric1623

cassock1628

Levite1640

gownsman1641

teaching elder1642

ecclesiastic1651

religionist1651

crape1682

crape-gown-man1682

man in black1692

soul driver1699

secularist1716

autem jet1737

liturge1737

officiant1740

snub-devil1785

soul doctor1785

officiator1801

umfundisi1825

crape-man1826

clerical1837

God-man1842

Pfarrer1844

liturgist1848

white-choker1851

rook1859

shovel hat1859

sky pilot1865

ecclesiastical1883

joss-pidgin-man1886

josser1887

sin-shiftera1912

sin-buster1931

parch1944

1641 J. Shirley Cardinal (1652) ii. iii. 20 But let the purple Gownman place his engins I' th' dark that wounds me.

a1693 M. Bruce Good News in Evil Times (1708) 24 You will not haunt the companie of Betrayers of Him, call them Gown-men, or call them Kirk-men as they will.

1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 95 Lory Take care of this Reverend Gown-man in the next Room a little.

1794 T. J. Mathias Pursuits of Lit.: Pt. I 12 Levite gownsmen hugg'd their ignorance.

1821 J. Baillie Columbus in Metrical Legends xl A mission'd gownsman o'er the sea Was sent.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xvi. 627 A gownsman who pushed himself into a battle..strongly excited William's spleen.

c. A member of a university; often opposed to townsman. gownsman of the foundation = foundationer n.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > member of university > [noun]

suppost1522

supposit1532

man1573

academic1581

catercap1588

black gown1616

square cap1642

academical1656

academician1665

gownsman1665

sleeve1752

Academe1861

1665 M. Nedham Medela Medicinæ 249 The idle sort of Gownmen, lazing in their Studies over the Pagan Books of Institutions.

c1670 T. Hobbes Dial. Com. Laws (1840) 144 Books which are commonly read by gownmen.

1688 T. Smith in J. R. Bloxham Magdalen Coll. & James II (1886) (modernized text) 243 Gownsmen of the Foundation.

1721 N. Amhurst Terræ-filius 18 Jan. The traiterous Gown-men proceeded gradually from one Corruption to another.

1750 W. Dodd Poems (1767) 38 The bevy bright of gownsmen blythe.

1791 ‘G. Gambado’ Ann. Horsemanship vii. 33 My dear Miss S—— will perhaps ride away with some other Gownsman.

1823 C. Lamb in London Mag. May 535/2 The distance between the gownsmen and the townsmen..is carried to an excess.

1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 277 The townsmen soon discovered that the gownsmen were gainers by the new plan.

†d. A member of a municipal corporation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > local government body > [noun] > member of local government council > town-councillor

portman1346–7

commoner1384

burgessc1390

common-councilmana1637

councilman1659

corporator1670

gownsman1675

counsel-house-man1697

town councillor1731

1675 T. Otway Alcibiades i. ii. 7 Heavy Gown-men clad in formal Furrs.

1681 London Gaz. No. 1656/2 The Mayor and Aldermen..together with the Common Councel, and all the Gown men of that Corporation, to the number of about fourscore.

4. Scottish. = beadsman n. 2b(b). rare.

ΚΠ

1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xv. 138 Our lowland beggars—even the gownsmen themselves, who beg by patent—had a louting, flattering way with them.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gownsman
释义	gownsmann. Brit. /ˈɡaʊnzmən/, U.S. /ˈɡaʊnzmən/ Forms: Also 1500s–1700s gownman. Etymology: < gown n. + man n.¹; compare craft(s)man, draught(s)man, sword(s)man, etc. †1. (Used to translate Latin togātus.) An adult Roman; a Roman as distinguished from one of another nation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > ancient Romans > [noun] > native or inhabitant of ancient Rome RomaneOE RomewareeOE Romanera1450 gownsman1579 Romulist1594 Romanist1927 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 573 He called Lucullus, Xerxes the gownman, as if he would haue sayd, Xerxes the Romane. 1579–80 T. North tr. Plutarch Lives (1676) 959 Four years after that, he became a Gownman, though he were but young. 2. One wearing the gown, or ‘dress of peace’ (cf. gown n. 3 and Latin togātus); a civilian, in contradistinction to a soldier. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > peace > civilian life > [noun] > a civilian gownsman1612 citizena1616 mohair1785 civilian1794 pékin1827 cit1833 mufti1833 non-militant1840 civvy1915 shore-loafer1916 1612 J. Boys Autumne Part 168 Then we shall be no longer souldiers in armour, but gowne men in long white robes, hauing palmes in our hands. 1643 G. Wither Campo-Musæ 15 The Gownman, must a Swordman, learne to be. 1699 T. Cockman tr. Cicero Offices i. xxiii. 77 The Publick receives as much Benefit from Gownsmen..as it doth from Soldiers. 1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth II. 253 Let the politick Gown-man, Tread the Mazes of the State. 1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) IV. lx. 516 The soldiery..were more desirous of serving under a young prince of spirit and vivacity than under a committee of talking gown-men. a1797 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1812) V. 648 It was rather a military spirit, than that of the gownman. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. ix. 485 Military men are seldom disposed to take counsel with gownsmen on military matters. 3. One who wears a gown as an indication of his office, profession, or standing. a. A member of the legal profession; a lawyer, barrister, or judge. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] lawyer1377 man of lawc1405 practiserc1450 jurist1481 lawman1535 practitioner1576 man of the long coat1579 (a gentleman) toward the law1592 gownsman1627 law-driver1640 long-robe man1654 green bag1699 flycatcher1708 homme d'affaires1717 jet1728 law-solicitor1738 shark1806 blue bag1817 law-person1819 law-gentleman1837 maître1883 lip1929 1627 T. May tr. Lucan Pharsalia (new ed.) iii. 155 To play the Gowneman now He had forgot. 1673 F. Kirkman Unlucky Citizen 174 Instead of Gown-men pleading at the Bar, they found Sword-men fighting at the Barriers. a1735 Ld. Lansdowne Beauty & Law in Poems 35 Was't a vain promise and a gownman's lie? 1858 A. Polson Law & Lawyers 60 He was a legal monk, a cloistered gownsman. b. A member of the clerical profession; a clergyman. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > [noun] God's maneOE priestOE clerkc1050 secularc1290 vicary1303 minister1340 divinec1380 man of Godc1384 kirkmana1400 man of the churchc1400 cockc1405 Ecclesiastc1405 spiritual1441 ministrator1450 abbé1530 reverend1547 churchman1549 tippet-captain?1550 tippet knight1551 tippet man1551 public minister1564 reading minister1572 clergyman1577 clerk1577 padre1584 minstrel1586 spiritual1600 cleric1623 cassock1628 Levite1640 gownsman1641 teaching elder1642 ecclesiastic1651 religionist1651 crape1682 crape-gown-man1682 man in black1692 soul driver1699 secularist1716 autem jet1737 liturge1737 officiant1740 snub-devil1785 soul doctor1785 officiator1801 umfundisi1825 crape-man1826 clerical1837 God-man1842 Pfarrer1844 liturgist1848 white-choker1851 rook1859 shovel hat1859 sky pilot1865 ecclesiastical1883 joss-pidgin-man1886 josser1887 sin-shiftera1912 sin-buster1931 parch1944 1641 J. Shirley Cardinal (1652) ii. iii. 20 But let the purple Gownman place his engins I' th' dark that wounds me. a1693 M. Bruce Good News in Evil Times (1708) 24 You will not haunt the companie of Betrayers of Him, call them Gown-men, or call them Kirk-men as they will. 1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 95 Lory Take care of this Reverend Gown-man in the next Room a little. 1794 T. J. Mathias Pursuits of Lit.: Pt. I 12 Levite gownsmen hugg'd their ignorance. 1821 J. Baillie Columbus in Metrical Legends xl A mission'd gownsman o'er the sea Was sent. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xvi. 627 A gownsman who pushed himself into a battle..strongly excited William's spleen. c. A member of a university; often opposed to townsman. gownsman of the foundation = foundationer n. ΘΚΠ society > education > member of university > [noun] suppost1522 supposit1532 man1573 academic1581 catercap1588 black gown1616 square cap1642 academical1656 academician1665 gownsman1665 sleeve1752 Academe1861 1665 M. Nedham Medela Medicinæ 249 The idle sort of Gownmen, lazing in their Studies over the Pagan Books of Institutions. c1670 T. Hobbes Dial. Com. Laws (1840) 144 Books which are commonly read by gownmen. 1688 T. Smith in J. R. Bloxham Magdalen Coll. & James II (1886) (modernized text) 243 Gownsmen of the Foundation. 1721 N. Amhurst Terræ-filius 18 Jan. The traiterous Gown-men proceeded gradually from one Corruption to another. 1750 W. Dodd Poems (1767) 38 The bevy bright of gownsmen blythe. 1791 ‘G. Gambado’ Ann. Horsemanship vii. 33 My dear Miss S—— will perhaps ride away with some other Gownsman. 1823 C. Lamb in London Mag. May 535/2 The distance between the gownsmen and the townsmen..is carried to an excess. 1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 277 The townsmen soon discovered that the gownsmen were gainers by the new plan. †d. A member of a municipal corporation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > local government body > [noun] > member of local government council > town-councillor portman1346–7 commoner1384 burgessc1390 common-councilmana1637 councilman1659 corporator1670 gownsman1675 counsel-house-man1697 town councillor1731 1675 T. Otway Alcibiades i. ii. 7 Heavy Gown-men clad in formal Furrs. 1681 London Gaz. No. 1656/2 The Mayor and Aldermen..together with the Common Councel, and all the Gown men of that Corporation, to the number of about fourscore. 4. Scottish. = beadsman n. 2b(b). rare. ΚΠ 1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xv. 138 Our lowland beggars—even the gownsmen themselves, who beg by patent—had a louting, flattering way with them. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1579
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