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单词 girdle
释义

girdlen.1

/ˈɡəːd(ə)l/
Forms: Old English gyrdel, Middle English, 1500s gerdell(e, Middle English girrdell, Middle English gurdel, (Middle English gurdil), Middle English girdel, girdul, Middle English girdil, Middle English–1500s gir-, gyrdel(l(e, gyrdill(e, gyrdyl(l(e, Middle English–1600s gyrdle, 1500s girddel, girthell, guyrdell, Middle English– girdle.
Etymology: Old English gyrdel ( < gyrdan to gird v.1: see -le suffix) = Middle Dutch gurdel , gordel (Dutch gordel ), Old High German gurtil (masculine), gurtila (feminine) (Middle High German and modern German gürtel ), Old Norse gyrðill (Old Swedish giordel , Swedish gördel ); the Old English gyrdels (= Old Saxon gurdisl ), < the same grade of the root with a different suffix (see -els suffix), is found earlier than gyrdel, but did not survive into Middle English.
1.
a. A belt worn round the waist to secure or confine the garments; also employed as a means of carrying light articles, esp. a weapon or purse.In the general sense now only literary (the colloquial word being belt n.1), but still commonly used for a cord or the like tied round the waist and having the ends hanging down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > worn around waist
girdlec1000
seynta1350
ceintec1386
senturea1400
love-lacec1400
girdinga1425
cinglec1430
seynturec1460
cenglea1492
waist1550
waist-girdle1553
centure1562
zone1608
cummerbund1616
cincture1667
waist-belt1672
centurine1696
faja1841
ceinture1856
crios1899
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 4 Se iohannes witodlice hæfde reaf of olfende hærum & fellenne gyrdel [c1160 Hatton Gosp. gerdel] embe hys lendenu.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3210 Hiss girrdell wass off shepess skinn Abutenn hise lendess.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 58/150 In stude of is gurdel al-so; with rope he him bond.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 236 Þe gerdel aboue be-tocneþ chastete of bodie.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 64 By hir girdel heeng a purs of lether.
1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 16 My girdyl of ledir barryd with siluir with bokyll and pendaunth.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xlviii. 167 Gyrdelles of chaynes of golde and syluer.
1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 143 A purse at his girdle, with bullets, and his other necessaries.
1619 Boyle in Lismore Papers (1886) I. 216 I paid my cozen..for an embroydered girdle and Hangers.
1709 R. Steele & J. Addison Tatler No. 147. ⁋ 3 This Cestus was a fine Party-coloured Girdle.
1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 103 The Venetian nobility..wear also a black girdle about four fingers broad, and garnished with plates and buckles of silver.
1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci v. iv. 104 Here, Mother, tie My girdle for me, and bind up this hair.
1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xx. 330 Her white silk garment was bound by a golden girdle.
1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 5 The combatants at boxing and wrestling matches wear girdles.
1890 Draper's Circular Girdles are being used for all sorts and conditions of dresses for day wear.
b. spec. (Ecclesiastical). (See quot. 1866.)
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [noun] > alb > girdle worn with
tucking-girdle1487
girdle1519
subcingulum1844
1519 in W. L. Nash Churchwardens' Acct. Bk. St. Giles, Reading (1851) 7 For frankensence ed iiij girdles iiijd.
1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 49 ij vestementes..a girdell a fruntall and 3 albes.
1866 J. Purchas & F. G. Lee Directorium Anglicanum (ed. 3) 354 Girdle, the cord that girds the alb, usually made of white cotton about three yards long.
c. In various phrases and proverbial sayings. girdle of chastity = chastity belt n.; girdle of Venus: see Venus n.1 9.Many of these refer to the practice of wearing keys hung at one's girdle. (to have, hold) under one's girdle: in subjection, under one's control. † ne'er an M by your girdle? = Haven't you the politeness to say ‘Master’? † to give up the girdle: to confess oneself beaten. † to turn one's girdle: ? to find harmless outlet for one's anger (see Schmidt and the commentators).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > offer no resistance [verb (intransitive)] > give in
descend?a1400
to give up the girdlea1400
submita1525
to give over1530
subscribe1560
yield1576
come1607
to give in1616
to give the stoop1623
buckle1642
incumb1656
to knock under board, under (the) table1692
capitulate1714
to strike underc1730
knuckle down1735
cave1844
to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860
incline1866
to give (it) best1878
give way1879
to roll over1919
society > authority > subjection > in or into subjection [phrase] > under control > under the rule or control of
under the yardc1275
under the wandc1400
(to have, hold) under one's girdle1541
a1400–50 Alexander 181 Bot gefe þaim vp þe girdill vs gaynes noȝt ellis.
a1400–50 Alexander 758 And oþir recouyre me þi rewme or reche vp þe girdill.
1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 203/2 If hee bee in Rome, and hath all Princes neckes vnder hys gyrdell.
a1550 in R. Dyboski Songs, Carols & Other Misc. Poems (1908) 129 All the keis hange not bi on mannis girdill.
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. iii. sig. E.ij Neare an M by your girdle?
1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Andria i. i, in Terence in Eng. 11 Iwis it is not long hence I must liue after an others pleasure, with my head vnder anothers girdle.
1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. I4 I know you are as good a man..as was ere girt in a girdle.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 141 Prince I thinke he be angry indeed. Claud. If he be, he knowes how to turne his girdle . View more context for this quotation
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate Pref. sig. ¶¶v In whose opinions they onely haue the keyes of Art at their girdles.
1660 R. Burney Κέρδιστον Δῶρον 80 He is curst in his Mothers Belly that would over-top such Princes, and bring their heads under his Girdle.
1668 S. Pepys Diary 14 Feb. (1976) IX. 71 Thereby [by allowing £70,000 a year for ‘intelligence’] Cromwell carried the secret of all the princes of Europ at his girdle.
1706 Fowler in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 20 Jan. (O.H.S.) I. 166 He depended upon none, and..would not be under any one's Girdle.
1802 F. W. Blagdon tr. P. S. Pallas Trav. Southern Provinces Russ. Empire I. 399 Their girls..are provided with laced stays, or a broad girdle made of untanned leather: this singular coat of mail is among the common people tightly sewed round the waist, but in the higher classes it is fastened with silver hooks, so that they are obliged to wear it till their wedding-night... Besides the girdle of chastity above mentioned there is another circumstance which contributes to preserve the elegant shape of the girls: they are sparingly nourished.
1858 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem (1859) II. lxxvii. 31 A leader who carries half the Scottish Church under his girdle.
d. = corset n. 2; spec. a corset, usually elasticated, that does not extend above the waist. Originally U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > girdle
under-girdle?1533
girdle1925
panty girdle1941
shapewear1977
1925 Eaton's News Weekly 24 Oct. 19 Brassiere of rayon jersey silk and girdle of mercerized cotton and silk brocade with panels of elastic.
1928 Delineator Mar. 109 (advt.) Girdle.
1932 Daily Mail 3 Oct. 10/1 A two-way stretch elastic girdle.
1942 D. Powell Time to be Born (1943) xi. 266 Go out and get yourself a girdle.
1957 H. Roosenburg Walls came tumbling Down 14 The girdle certainly didn't support her kidneys; it flapped..loosely around her.
1963 Punch 20 Mar. 426/3 His elevation from girdle ads to the glossies.
2.
a. The part of the body round which the girdle is fastened; only in phrases beneath (also above, up to, etc.) the girdle. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > [noun] > middle of trunk or waist
middleeOE
mideOE
girdlec1275
rondelc1300
girdlesteadc1330
waistc1386
belt steadc1540
girding-place1601
midriff1823
beltline1892
midsection1956
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 664 Þe merminnen þat beoð deor of muchele ginnen. wifmen hit þunchet fuliwis bi-neoðe þon gurdle [c1300 Otho gurdel] hit þuncheð fisc.
13.. K. Alis. 6449 Eren they haveth an ellen long, That byneothe theo gurdel hit hongith.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Biv A persone setyng in the trone of god, which from the gyrdell downwarde was al lyke fyer.
1624 Ld. Keeper J. Williams in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 203 And allreadye up to the gyrdle in his grave.
1632 T. E. Lawes Womens Rights 315 It was greater shame to strike vnder the girdle than it is now.
1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 75 It was a favourable and merry Conceit of a Cardinal of Rome, that there was no Law beneath the Girdle.
a1734 R. North Lives of Norths (1826) I. 124 This great man..married his own servant maid and then for excuse, said there was no wisdom below the girdle.
b. transferred and figurative.
ΚΠ
1607 ‘W. S.’ Puritaine iii. 38 Ere the day Be spent to th' Girdle, thou shalt be set free.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xi. 291 The atmosphere cleared, and showed the mountains clothed to their girdles with snow.
3. transferred uses of 1.
a. That which surrounds, as a girdle does the body; †a zone. †the girdle of the world; the ecliptic, the equator. Also of immaterial surroundings.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > [noun] > defined or limited portion of space > a particular extent or region > distinguished by some quality or condition
reignc1405
girdle1559
zone1822
nether region1830
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > [noun] > that which surrounds > encircling band or ring
sengilbondc1479
colletc1530
verge1573
engirdling1598
zone1605
girdlea1616
belting1676
belt1753
the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > equator
burning line1484
burnt line1555
equinox1579
equinoctial1584
line1588
equatora1613
the girdle of the world1626
palaeoequator1960
c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 260 We hataþ on leden quinque zonas, ðæt synd fif gyrdlas.
1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 63 Five..zones..we may aptly call them equidistant places, or Girdles.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) Prol. 19 Suppose within the Girdle of these Walls Are now confin'd two mightie Monarchies. View more context for this quotation
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §398 The Great Brizes, which the Motion of the Aire in great Circles, (such as are vnder the Girdle of the World) produceth.
1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 416 The Rhiphean Mountains encompass them..which..they call the Girdle of their Land.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 59 Five Girdles bind the Skies, the torrid Zone Glows with the passing and repassing Sun. View more context for this quotation
c1700 J. Lawson in Harper's Mag. (1883) Feb. 419/1 A delicious country..placed in that girdle of the world which affords wine, oil, fruit.
1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 20 The billows roll, From the world's girdle to the frozen pole.
1781 W. Cowper Charity 86 Trade is the golden girdle of the globe.
1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt xvii. 219 The horizon was bounded by a girdle of forests.
1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. viii. 146 The quick, smart patter of hammers sounds incessantly, in one encircling girdle of din.
1875 C. Merivale Gen. Hist. Rome i. 5 The Palatine hill..the first nucleus of the Roman Empire, lay in the centre of a girdle of eminences.
1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. vi. xxiii. 415 Among good and holy men love would still be the girdle of perfectness.
b. to put (also make, cast) a girdle (round) about: to go round, make the circuit of (the earth). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > cause to move in circle or curve [verb (transitive)] > move in circle round something
umgoa1300
compassc1384
gyrec1420
environ?a1425
circuitc1550
revolve1559
circle1582
to put (also make, cast) a girdle (round) about1600
encirclea1616
encompass1640
whirla1657
circulate1685
gird1688
circumgyrate1868
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 175 Ile put a girdle, round about the earth, in forty minutes. View more context for this quotation
1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C2v About the world My trauailes make a girdle.
1621 T. Middleton Sunne in Aries sig. Bv Sir Francis Drake..did cast a Girdle about the world.
c1626 Dick of Devonshire (1955) 873 They would have thought themselves as famous as their Countryman that putt a girdle round about ye world.
c. That which confines or binds in; a restraint, limit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > that which
fetterOE
shackle?c1225
cagec1300
chainc1374
to cut a large thong of another man's leatherc1380
corda1382
gablea1555
obligation1582
hamper1613
tethera1628
girdlea1630
confiner1654
trammela1657
cramp1719
swathe1864
tie1868
lockstep1963
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free action > that which
fetterOE
shackle?c1225
cagec1300
chainc1374
to cut a large thong of another man's leatherc1380
corda1382
gablea1555
obligation1582
manacle1587
hamper1613
tethera1628
girdlea1630
confiner1654
trammela1657
cramp1719
swathe1864
tie1868
a1630 Faithful Friends (1975) iv. iv. 2674 To all thy thoughts, thy wishes and thyne actions no power shall put a girdle.
1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 38 The sixt Persecution..[was] limited..to a short time, (for it was precinct with a triennial girdle).
1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 53 But suppose it any way possible to limit sinne, to put a girdle about that Chaos.
1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism vi. 193 The iron girdle of a solemn and irrevocable oath.
4. spec.
a. A kind of seaweed, Laminaria saccharina.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > algae > seaweed > [noun] > kelp and allies > sugar-wrack or sea-belt
girdle1548
sea-belt1548
sea-girdle1548
sea-wand1841
laminaria1848
sea-tape1861
sea-staff1865
sugar-wrack1882
1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. C.iij Cingulum..maye be named in englishe, fysshers gyrdle or sea gyrdel.
1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. K ivv Ther is a certayne kynde of sewrake with a brode leafe, of a grene color, to the whyche sum geue the name of a leeke, other call this gyrdell.
b. Anatomy. Applied to various parts in the structure of animal bodies; in modern use chiefly of the bony supports for the upper and lower limbs, which in Vertebrata are respectively called the shoulder girdle (also pectoral girdle) and pelvic girdle (also hip girdle).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > [noun]
girdle1601
limb-girdle1870
1601 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 296 The cheife clerke of the kitchen hath for his fee all the girdles of fresh sturgeon spent within the house.
1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. iii. i. 86 Vnder the region of the navell, lies the girdle or upper part of the kall.
1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 352 The last is very like our English Hedge Snail, but without Girdles, and has a small Navel.
1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 109 As a powerful bony girdle, it [the pelvis] affords articulation to the abdominal extremities.
1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. iv. 138 When a leech is impregnated, an enlargement takes place around the sexual apertures, which has received the name of the girdle or clitellum.
1883 H. N. Martin & W. A. Moale Handbk. Vertebr. Dissect. ii. 119 The Shoulder Girdle is made up of a coracoid, clavicle, and scapula on each side.
1883 H. N. Martin & W. A. Moale Handbk. Vertebr. Dissect. ii. 122 The Pelvic Girdle is composed of the ilium, ischium, and os pubis on each side.
1891 Science (N.Y.) 21 Aug. 107/2 The fins, girdles, gill arches, scales, and membrane bones are all imperfectly developed or wanting [in eels].
c. The line or rim dividing the two faces of a brilliant (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [noun] > cut in specific style > line dividing surfaces
girdle1819
1819 A. Rees Cycl. XVI Girdle, among Jewellers, the line which encompasses the stone parallel to the horizon; or which determines the greatest horizontal expansion of the stones.
1861 Macmillan's Mag. 3 184/2 The rim where the setting takes hold, or, as we have described it, the junction of the bases of the pyramids, is called the girdle.
1883 A. H. Church Precious Stones iii. 21 The ‘girdle’ or edge bounding the widest part of the stone, divides the crown from the base, and is concealed in part..by the mounting or setting.
d. Architecture. (See quot. 1842.)
ΚΠ
1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. at Ceinture The Cincture, or Girdle of a Pillar.
1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) at Cincture The word, in its original, French, signifies girdle.
1842 G. W. Francis Dict. Arts Girdle, a small circular band around the shaft of a column.
e. Mining. A stratum or bed of stone or other substance occurring irregularly. Cf. band n.2 12.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > obstruction or fault
rider1653
fore-stone1668
jamb1721
septuma1728
horse1778
fault1796
heave1802
girdle1819
burnt stuff1852
swine back1883
white horse1886
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > stratum by constitution > girdle-bed
girdle1819
girdle-bed1880
1819 A. Rees Cycl. XVI Girdle, in Mining, is the name used in Cumberland, and some other counties, to denote the uncertain strata, or chance beds, of stone or different substances that are met with in some districts.
1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Girdles, in mining, are beds from about three inches to two feet or more in thickness; but the term is usually applied to beds varying from three inches to nine or ten inches thick.
f. Botany.
ΚΠ
1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 368 When the growth is normal..the three segments which form a cycle always become arranged into a disc transverse to the stem, their outer surfaces thus forming an annular zone or girdle.
1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 381 The border of tracheides of each leaf is expanded into a low wing, which runs to meet that of the opposite leaf, and unites with it to form a transverse girdle.
g. A belt or ring made round the trunk of a tree by the removal of the bark (cf. girdle v. 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > removing bark from trees > removing circle of bark
ring1700
girdling1792
ringing1816
girdle1825
notch-ringing1884
ringbarking1938
1825 J. Lorain Nature in Pract. Husb. 63 All of them eventually die, provided the girdle be carefully cut through the sap into the heart-wood of the tree.
1896 P. A. Bruce Econ. Hist. Virginia I. 150 The method employed by the Indians for the removal of the forest..consists in running a girdle around the trunks of the largest trees by cutting away the bark..the object of this being to intercept the flow of the sap.
1897 L. H. Bailey Princ. Fruit-growing 289 Fig. 45 shows a deposit of woody matter above a girdle caused by a label wire.
5. pin and girdle: a swindling game, ‘prick the garter’ (see garter n. 5, 7).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > fast and loose > [noun]
fast and loose1578
pin and girdle1710
garter1826
strap-game1847
trick of (also o') (the) loop1886
1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 209 'Tis astonishing that a young gentleman, bred five or six years in our own universities, shou'd..be drawn in..by those common known cheats of the pin and girdle.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
girdle-bell n.
ΚΠ
1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama xiv. 149 The sweet music of their girdle-bells.
girdle-belt n.
ΚΠ
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 478 Nor did his [sc. Euryalus'] Eyes less longingly behold The Girdle-Belt, with Nails of burnish'd Gold.
girdle-buckle n.
ΚΠ
1790 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 207/1 A girdle-buckle about the bigness of a crown-piece was also dug up.
girdle-compass n.
ΚΠ
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Girdle compasse, or in the compasse, or wyth the compasse of a gyrdle, zotim [? read zonatim].
girdle-maker n.
ΚΠ
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 686/20 Hic corrigiarius, gyrdil-maker.
b.
girdle-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 521 The ulcer [of the stomach] is..occasionally, if of very long-standing, girdle-shaped.
C2.
girdle-bed n. (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > stratum by constitution > girdle-bed
girdle1819
girdle-bed1880
1880 C. T. Clough in Geol. Mag. 443 Girdle Beds.—Alternations of thin sandstones and sandy shales.
girdle-bone n. (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1871 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Vertebrated Animals 175 The Frog's skull is characterised by the development of a very singular cartilage bone, called by Cuvier the os en ceinture or girdle-bone.
girdle-glass n. Obsolete a mirror carried at the girdle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > mirror > [noun] > looking-glass
looking-glass1526
Venice glass1527
tooting-glassc1560
seeing-glass1565
girdle-glassa1652
Venice looking-glass1655
considering-glass1660
peeper1673
long glass1680
table glass1688
dressing glass1697
keeking-glassa1724
toilet glass1729
long mirror1793
swing-glass1809
hand glass1832
cheval-glass1836
psyche1838
tire-glass1844
tiring-glass1844
driving mirror1907
wing mirror1925
swing mirror1930
vanity mirror1959
a1652 R. Brome New Acad. iv. ii. 85 in Five New Playes (1659) How his [sc. the man's] pocket-combe..and her [sc. the woman's] Girdle-glasse, To order her black pashes, came together.
girdle-hanger n. (see hanger n.2 4b).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > sword-belt > attachments
hanger1599
carriage1603
frog1700
girdle-hanger1921
1921 Brit. Mus. Return 66 Anglo-Saxon iron girdle-hanger from Cliffe, near Rochester.
1923 C. Fox Archaeol. Cambr. Region vi. 271 Girdle hangers. The simplest forms are a close copy in bronze of the housewife's keys of iron (a Roman type), the possession of which they doubtless symbolized.
girdle-pains n. = girdle-sensation n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > pinching or pressure
pinchinga1413
tension1541
wringing1606
tensity1658
girdle-sensation1885
girdle-pains1897
1897 M. L. Hughes Mediterranean Fever iii. 122 Mental irritability and sleeplessness are combined with..girdle-pains [etc.].
girdle-sensation n. (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > pinching or pressure
pinchinga1413
tension1541
wringing1606
tensity1658
girdle-sensation1885
girdle-pains1897
1885 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Girdle-sensation, the feeling of having a string or a broad band tied round the body or one of the limbs.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 977 It was followed by atrophy of the muscles, impairment of vision..girdle sensation [etc.].
girdle-wheel n. (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > spinning > spinning wheel > types of
wool-wheel1630
girdle-wheel1688
high wheel1836
tow-wheel1900
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 287/1 The Girdle Wheel is a [Spinning] Wheel so little that a Gentle-woman may hang it at her Girdle..and Spin with it, though she be walking about.

Derivatives

girdle-like adj.
ΚΠ
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 June 1/3 It has a smart bodice, with..a girdle-like arrangement of cord in front.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

girdlen.2

Brit. /ˈɡəːd(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈɡərd(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈɡɪrd(ə)l/
Forms: 1500s girdil(e, -ill, ( kyrdill), gyrdle, 1500s– girdle, (1800s dialect gurdle).
Etymology: variant of griddle n. by metathesis of r.
northern and Scottish.
a. A circular plate of iron which is suspended over the fire and upon which cakes are baked or toasted. (Cf. griddle n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > griddle
baking iron1352
griddle1352
girdlea1400
griddle-iron1843
tawac1843
yetling1866
spider1875
a1400 Burgh Laws cxvi, in Sc. Stat. I Alsua he sall hafe..a brasyn pot a pan a rostyng yrne a girdill [etc.].
1477 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 408 A gyrdil, a bakbrede, a brewyne fat.
1533 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 451 Ane kamery stok, ane girdill, ane baik bread.
1563 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 169 A gyrdle, a brandrett.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 95 Thay make breid aftir casting it vpon the girdle.
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 106 Oatmeal..which girdles hot bakes And turns to bannocks, and to oat cakes.
1708 S. Molyneux in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 26 39 A large Girdle about 20 Pounds Weight..was found lying on the Floor.
1859 J. C. Atkinson Walks & Talks Two Schoolboys (1892) 343 Bilberry jam, and flaky cakes hot from the girdle.
1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xx. 196 We lay on the bare top of a rock, like scones upon a girdle.
b. Phrase. like a hen on a het (hot) girdle: indicating a state of great uneasiness or discomfort.
ΚΠ
1787 R. Burns Let. 1 June (2001) I. 120 It's true, she's..tipper-taipers when she taks the gate first like..a hen on a het girdle.
1814 W. Scott Waverley III. xxiii. 351 The Baillie..had all this while shifted from one foot to another with great impatience, ‘like a hen’, as he afterwards said, ‘upon a het girdle’. View more context for this quotation
1849 C. Brontë Shirley III. viii. 181 His gait..emulated that of a hen treading a hot girdle.]

Compounds

General attributive.
girdle-cake n. (cf. griddle-cake n. at griddle n. Compounds 2.)
ΚΠ
1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 11 Aunt Ester spoil'd the gurdle ceakes.
1857 C. M. Yonge Cameos xliv, in Monthly Packet Nov. 453 Each man had..a plate of metal, on which he could bake his girdle-cakes.
1885 J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 49 We had a girdle cake for tea.
girdle-maker n.
ΚΠ
1599 Charter Jas. VI The girdelmakers inhabitants within the bruch of Culross.
1833 T. Carlyle in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 135/2 She was the daughter of a Girdle-maker.
girdle-making adj.
ΚΠ
1885 D. Beveridge Culross & Tulliallan II. xix. 93 The girdlemaking monopoly.
girdle-smith n.
ΚΠ
1661 Culross Town Rec. Patrick Sands girdle-smythe.

Derivatives

ˈgirdleful n. as much as a girdle can hold.
ΚΠ
1895 J. Wood in Sc. Antiquary 10 76 The goodwife was baking, and had a girdleful of bannocks on the fire.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

girdlev.

/ˈɡəːd(ə)l/
Etymology: < girdle n.1
1.
a. transitive. To surround with a girdle. Also to girdle about, in, round. (Chiefly transferred and figurative.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)]
befong971
beclipc1000
begoc1000
belieOE
bestandc1000
to go about ——OE
umbegangc1200
behema1250
befallc1275
berunc1275
girdc1290
bihalvena1300
umlapa1300
umlaya1300
umlouka1300
umbegoc1300
belayc1320
halsea1340
enclose1340
umbelapa1350
embracec1360
betrendc1374
circlec1374
umbecasta1375
to give about1382
environa1393
umbeclipa1395
compassa1400
encircle?a1400
enourle?a1400
umbegivea1400
umbeseta1400
umbeliec1400
umbetighc1400
enroundc1420
measurec1425
umbsteadc1450
adviron?1473
purprise1481
umbeviron1489
belta1500
girtha1500
overgirda1500
engirt15..
envirea1513
round?a1513
brace1513
umbereach1513
becompass1520
circuea1533
girtc1540
umbsetc1540
circule1553
encompass1555
circulate?a1560
ingyre1568
to do about1571
engird1573
circumdate1578
succinge1578
employ1579
circuate1581
girdle1582
wheel1582
circumgyre1583
enring1589
ringa1592
embail1593
enfold1596
invier1596
stem1596
circumcingle1599
ingert1599
engirdle1602
circulize1603
circumscribe1605
begirt1608
to go round1610
enwheela1616
surround1616
shingle1621
encirculize1624
circumviron1632
beround1643
orba1644
circumference1646
becircle1648
incircuitc1650
circumcinge1657
circumtend1684
besiege1686
cincture1789
zone1795
cravat1814
encincture1820
circumvent1824
begirdle1837
perambulate1863
cordon1891
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > belt or girdle
girdc950
begirdc1000
belta1400
girdle1582
1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias xv. 39 Silke..even such wherewith he was accustomed to girdle himselfe.
1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres vi. 184 There is set down..how many shot will girdle or impale the battell of pikes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. i. 2 O thou Wall That girdles in those Wolues, diue in the earth, And fence not Athens. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iv. iii. 20 Spurre to the rescue of the Noble Talbot, Who now is girdled with a waste of Iron, And hem'd about with grim destruction. View more context for this quotation
1635 W. Barriffe Mil. Discipline ciii. 286 The Hollow Square Girdled with shot, is a Figure to be used at such times of necessity.
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 196 Wooden Pipes..are ferriled and girdled with Iron.
a1782 W. Cowper Heroism 6 No thunders shook with deep intestine sound The blooming groves that girdled her around.
1808 W. Scott Marmion ii. ix. 86 The tide did now its flood-mark gain, And girdled in the Saint's domain.
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. xi. 199 The bright and velvet lawn closely girdling the grey base of the mansion.
1858 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 10 May in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) iv. 212 Far in the distance, the blue hills that girdle in the Campagna of Rome.
1871 F. W. Farrar Witness of Hist. ii. 55 Let us mark how the hills that girdle them are scattered with the ruined enginery of assaults.
1888 A. Meynell in Art Jrnl. LI. 139/2 A tea-gown, waistless, and girdled low down.
b. To travel round. Cf. girdle n.1 3b.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > make circuit of
viron1382
compassc1384
umbecastc1400
circuea1450
circuitc1550
circle1582
circum-pass1588
round1591
surround1638
encompass1640
circumvent1840
circuitize1846
to make or go the circuit ofa1876
girdle1901
orbit1946
1901 F. H. Burnett Making of Marchioness ii. vi. 180 Agatha Norman, at present joyously girdling the globe with her bridegroom.
2.
a. To cut through the bark of a tree in a circle extending round the trunk, or to remove a certain breadth of bark in a similar circle, either for the purpose of killing the tree or for that of rendering it more fruitful; sometimes in passive of injuries caused accidentally, e.g., by a tight wire or by the gnawing of rabbits. Also with round.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [verb (transitive)] > remove ring of bark
girdle1662
ring1800
belt1812
ringbark1823
1662 J. Winthrop Acct. making Tar & Pitch New Eng. in T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) I. 101 Several trials have been made..by girdling the tree (as they call it) cutting off some of the bark round, and a little into the wood of the tree, about six feet from the ground.
1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 65 in W. Stork Acct. E. Florida (ed. 2) There still remain..great trees girdled round to kill them, which are now very sound, tho' above 60 years since they were cut.
1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 211 If the trees were girdled and left to die standing, the timber would be much superior to any which is cut whilst alive.
a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) II. 459 They accordingly cut down some trees, and girdle others.
1871 H. Macmillan True Vine (1872) v. 212 The barren branch is girdled or ringed—that is, a narrow strip of its bark is removed all round the branch.
1897 L. H. Bailey Princ. Fruit-growing 288 Trees which are girdled should have the injured parts pared down to live tissue.
b. Surgery. (See quot. 1883.)
ΚΠ
1883 B. G. Wilder & S. H. Gage Anat. Technol. 197 When the skin, especially of a limb, is divided by an incision encircling the part, the latter is said to be girdled.

Derivatives

ˈgirdled adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [adjective] > having ring of bark removed
girdleda1817
ringed1820
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > fastened in specific way > belted, girdled, or pulled in
succinct1604
girdleda1817
girt1870
tie-belted1976
a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) II. 126 There is a sufficient number of girdled trees standing..to give the new settlements a disagreeable appearance.
1883 E. P. Roe in Harper's Mag. Dec. 56/1 Girdled trees soon made it evident that rabbits were the depredators.
1888 [see sense 1a].
1940 E. S. Gardner Case of Silent Partner xii. 196 Her tightly girdled, snappily dressed figure.
1961 A. Smith East-Enders vii. 119 Women with plucked eyebrows and men with girdled waists.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2020).
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