单词 | girdle |
释义 | girdlen.1 1. a. A belt worn round the waist to secure or confine the garments; also employed as a means of carrying light articles, esp. a weapon or purse.In the general sense now only literary (the colloquial word being belt n.1), but still commonly used for a cord or the like tied round the waist and having the ends hanging down. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > worn around waist girdlec1000 seynta1350 ceintec1386 senturea1400 love-lacec1400 girdinga1425 cinglec1430 seynturec1460 cenglea1492 waist1550 waist-girdle1553 centure1562 zone1608 cummerbund1616 cincture1667 waist-belt1672 centurine1696 faja1841 ceinture1856 crios1899 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 4 Se iohannes witodlice hæfde reaf of olfende hærum & fellenne gyrdel [c1160 Hatton Gosp. gerdel] embe hys lendenu. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3210 Hiss girrdell wass off shepess skinn Abutenn hise lendess. c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 58/150 In stude of is gurdel al-so; with rope he him bond. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 236 Þe gerdel aboue be-tocneþ chastete of bodie. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 64 By hir girdel heeng a purs of lether. 1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 16 My girdyl of ledir barryd with siluir with bokyll and pendaunth. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xlviii. 167 Gyrdelles of chaynes of golde and syluer. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 143 A purse at his girdle, with bullets, and his other necessaries. 1619 Boyle in Lismore Papers (1886) I. 216 I paid my cozen..for an embroydered girdle and Hangers. 1709 R. Steele & J. Addison Tatler No. 147. ⁋ 3 This Cestus was a fine Party-coloured Girdle. 1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour III. 103 The Venetian nobility..wear also a black girdle about four fingers broad, and garnished with plates and buckles of silver. 1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci v. iv. 104 Here, Mother, tie My girdle for me, and bind up this hair. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xx. 330 Her white silk garment was bound by a golden girdle. 1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 5 The combatants at boxing and wrestling matches wear girdles. 1890 Draper's Circular Girdles are being used for all sorts and conditions of dresses for day wear. b. spec. (Ecclesiastical). (See quot. 1866.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > vestments > outer garments > [noun] > alb > girdle worn with tucking-girdle1487 girdle1519 subcingulum1844 1519 in W. L. Nash Churchwardens' Acct. Bk. St. Giles, Reading (1851) 7 For frankensence ed iiij girdles iiijd. 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 49 ij vestementes..a girdell a fruntall and 3 albes. 1866 J. Purchas & F. G. Lee Directorium Anglicanum (ed. 3) 354 Girdle, the cord that girds the alb, usually made of white cotton about three yards long. c. In various phrases and proverbial sayings. girdle of chastity = chastity belt n.; girdle of Venus: see Venus n.1 9.Many of these refer to the practice of wearing keys hung at one's girdle. (to have, hold) under one's girdle: in subjection, under one's control. † ne'er an M by your girdle? = Haven't you the politeness to say ‘Master’? † to give up the girdle: to confess oneself beaten. † to turn one's girdle: ? to find harmless outlet for one's anger (see Schmidt and the commentators). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > offer no resistance [verb (intransitive)] > give in descend?a1400 to give up the girdlea1400 submita1525 to give over1530 subscribe1560 yield1576 come1607 to give in1616 to give the stoop1623 buckle1642 incumb1656 to knock under board, under (the) table1692 capitulate1714 to strike underc1730 knuckle down1735 cave1844 to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860 incline1866 to give (it) best1878 give way1879 to roll over1919 society > authority > subjection > in or into subjection [phrase] > under control > under the rule or control of under the yardc1275 under the wandc1400 (to have, hold) under one's girdle1541 a1400–50 Alexander 181 Bot gefe þaim vp þe girdill vs gaynes noȝt ellis. a1400–50 Alexander 758 And oþir recouyre me þi rewme or reche vp þe girdill. 1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 203/2 If hee bee in Rome, and hath all Princes neckes vnder hys gyrdell. a1550 in R. Dyboski Songs, Carols & Other Misc. Poems (1908) 129 All the keis hange not bi on mannis girdill. a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. iii. sig. E.ij Neare an M by your girdle? 1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Andria i. i, in Terence in Eng. 11 Iwis it is not long hence I must liue after an others pleasure, with my head vnder anothers girdle. 1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. I4 I know you are as good a man..as was ere girt in a girdle. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 141 Prince I thinke he be angry indeed. Claud. If he be, he knowes how to turne his girdle . View more context for this quotation 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate Pref. sig. ¶¶v In whose opinions they onely haue the keyes of Art at their girdles. 1660 R. Burney Κέρδιστον Δῶρον 80 He is curst in his Mothers Belly that would over-top such Princes, and bring their heads under his Girdle. 1668 S. Pepys Diary 14 Feb. (1976) IX. 71 Thereby [by allowing £70,000 a year for ‘intelligence’] Cromwell carried the secret of all the princes of Europ at his girdle. 1706 Fowler in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 20 Jan. (O.H.S.) I. 166 He depended upon none, and..would not be under any one's Girdle. 1802 F. W. Blagdon tr. P. S. Pallas Trav. Southern Provinces Russ. Empire I. 399 Their girls..are provided with laced stays, or a broad girdle made of untanned leather: this singular coat of mail is among the common people tightly sewed round the waist, but in the higher classes it is fastened with silver hooks, so that they are obliged to wear it till their wedding-night... Besides the girdle of chastity above mentioned there is another circumstance which contributes to preserve the elegant shape of the girls: they are sparingly nourished. 1858 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem (1859) II. lxxvii. 31 A leader who carries half the Scottish Church under his girdle. d. = corset n. 2; spec. a corset, usually elasticated, that does not extend above the waist. Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > girdle under-girdle?1533 girdle1925 panty girdle1941 shapewear1977 1925 Eaton's News Weekly 24 Oct. 19 Brassiere of rayon jersey silk and girdle of mercerized cotton and silk brocade with panels of elastic. 1928 Delineator Mar. 109 (advt.) Girdle. 1932 Daily Mail 3 Oct. 10/1 A two-way stretch elastic girdle. 1942 D. Powell Time to be Born (1943) xi. 266 Go out and get yourself a girdle. 1957 H. Roosenburg Walls came tumbling Down 14 The girdle certainly didn't support her kidneys; it flapped..loosely around her. 1963 Punch 20 Mar. 426/3 His elevation from girdle ads to the glossies. a. The part of the body round which the girdle is fastened; only in phrases beneath (also above, up to, etc.) the girdle. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > [noun] > middle of trunk or waist middleeOE mideOE girdlec1275 rondelc1300 girdlesteadc1330 waistc1386 belt steadc1540 girding-place1601 midriff1823 beltline1892 midsection1956 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 664 Þe merminnen þat beoð deor of muchele ginnen. wifmen hit þunchet fuliwis bi-neoðe þon gurdle [c1300 Otho gurdel] hit þuncheð fisc. 13.. K. Alis. 6449 Eren they haveth an ellen long, That byneothe theo gurdel hit hongith. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Biv A persone setyng in the trone of god, which from the gyrdell downwarde was al lyke fyer. 1624 Ld. Keeper J. Williams in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 203 And allreadye up to the gyrdle in his grave. 1632 T. E. Lawes Womens Rights 315 It was greater shame to strike vnder the girdle than it is now. 1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 75 It was a favourable and merry Conceit of a Cardinal of Rome, that there was no Law beneath the Girdle. a1734 R. North Lives of Norths (1826) I. 124 This great man..married his own servant maid and then for excuse, said there was no wisdom below the girdle. b. transferred and figurative. ΚΠ 1607 ‘W. S.’ Puritaine iii. 38 Ere the day Be spent to th' Girdle, thou shalt be set free. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xi. 291 The atmosphere cleared, and showed the mountains clothed to their girdles with snow. 3. transferred uses of 1. a. That which surrounds, as a girdle does the body; †a zone. †the girdle of the world; the ecliptic, the equator. Also of immaterial surroundings. ΘΚΠ the world > space > [noun] > defined or limited portion of space > a particular extent or region > distinguished by some quality or condition reignc1405 girdle1559 zone1822 nether region1830 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > [noun] > that which surrounds > encircling band or ring sengilbondc1479 colletc1530 verge1573 engirdling1598 zone1605 girdlea1616 belting1676 belt1753 the world > the earth > geodetic references > [noun] > latitude > equator burning line1484 burnt line1555 equinox1579 equinoctial1584 line1588 equatora1613 the girdle of the world1626 palaeoequator1960 c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 260 We hataþ on leden quinque zonas, ðæt synd fif gyrdlas. 1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 63 Five..zones..we may aptly call them equidistant places, or Girdles. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) Prol. 19 Suppose within the Girdle of these Walls Are now confin'd two mightie Monarchies. View more context for this quotation 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §398 The Great Brizes, which the Motion of the Aire in great Circles, (such as are vnder the Girdle of the World) produceth. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 416 The Rhiphean Mountains encompass them..which..they call the Girdle of their Land. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 59 Five Girdles bind the Skies, the torrid Zone Glows with the passing and repassing Sun. View more context for this quotation c1700 J. Lawson in Harper's Mag. (1883) Feb. 419/1 A delicious country..placed in that girdle of the world which affords wine, oil, fruit. 1781 W. Cowper Expostulation 20 The billows roll, From the world's girdle to the frozen pole. 1781 W. Cowper Charity 86 Trade is the golden girdle of the globe. 1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt xvii. 219 The horizon was bounded by a girdle of forests. 1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. viii. 146 The quick, smart patter of hammers sounds incessantly, in one encircling girdle of din. 1875 C. Merivale Gen. Hist. Rome i. 5 The Palatine hill..the first nucleus of the Roman Empire, lay in the centre of a girdle of eminences. 1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. vi. xxiii. 415 Among good and holy men love would still be the girdle of perfectness. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > cause to move in circle or curve [verb (transitive)] > move in circle round something umgoa1300 compassc1384 gyrec1420 environ?a1425 circuitc1550 revolve1559 circle1582 to put (also make, cast) a girdle (round) about1600 encirclea1616 encompass1640 whirla1657 circulate1685 gird1688 circumgyrate1868 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 175 Ile put a girdle, round about the earth, in forty minutes. View more context for this quotation 1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C2v About the world My trauailes make a girdle. 1621 T. Middleton Sunne in Aries sig. Bv Sir Francis Drake..did cast a Girdle about the world. c1626 Dick of Devonshire (1955) 873 They would have thought themselves as famous as their Countryman that putt a girdle round about ye world. c. That which confines or binds in; a restraint, limit. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > that which fetterOE shackle?c1225 cagec1300 chainc1374 to cut a large thong of another man's leatherc1380 corda1382 gablea1555 obligation1582 hamper1613 tethera1628 girdlea1630 confiner1654 trammela1657 cramp1719 swathe1864 tie1868 lockstep1963 society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free action > that which fetterOE shackle?c1225 cagec1300 chainc1374 to cut a large thong of another man's leatherc1380 corda1382 gablea1555 obligation1582 manacle1587 hamper1613 tethera1628 girdlea1630 confiner1654 trammela1657 cramp1719 swathe1864 tie1868 a1630 Faithful Friends (1975) iv. iv. 2674 To all thy thoughts, thy wishes and thyne actions no power shall put a girdle. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 38 The sixt Persecution..[was] limited..to a short time, (for it was precinct with a triennial girdle). 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 53 But suppose it any way possible to limit sinne, to put a girdle about that Chaos. 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism vi. 193 The iron girdle of a solemn and irrevocable oath. 4. spec. a. A kind of seaweed, Laminaria saccharina. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > algae > seaweed > [noun] > kelp and allies > sugar-wrack or sea-belt girdle1548 sea-belt1548 sea-girdle1548 sea-wand1841 laminaria1848 sea-tape1861 sea-staff1865 sugar-wrack1882 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. C.iij Cingulum..maye be named in englishe, fysshers gyrdle or sea gyrdel. 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. K ivv Ther is a certayne kynde of sewrake with a brode leafe, of a grene color, to the whyche sum geue the name of a leeke, other call this gyrdell. b. Anatomy. Applied to various parts in the structure of animal bodies; in modern use chiefly of the bony supports for the upper and lower limbs, which in Vertebrata are respectively called the shoulder girdle (also pectoral girdle) and pelvic girdle (also hip girdle). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > [noun] girdle1601 limb-girdle1870 1601 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 296 The cheife clerke of the kitchen hath for his fee all the girdles of fresh sturgeon spent within the house. 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. iii. i. 86 Vnder the region of the navell, lies the girdle or upper part of the kall. 1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 352 The last is very like our English Hedge Snail, but without Girdles, and has a small Navel. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 109 As a powerful bony girdle, it [the pelvis] affords articulation to the abdominal extremities. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. iv. 138 When a leech is impregnated, an enlargement takes place around the sexual apertures, which has received the name of the girdle or clitellum. 1883 H. N. Martin & W. A. Moale Handbk. Vertebr. Dissect. ii. 119 The Shoulder Girdle is made up of a coracoid, clavicle, and scapula on each side. 1883 H. N. Martin & W. A. Moale Handbk. Vertebr. Dissect. ii. 122 The Pelvic Girdle is composed of the ilium, ischium, and os pubis on each side. 1891 Science (N.Y.) 21 Aug. 107/2 The fins, girdles, gill arches, scales, and membrane bones are all imperfectly developed or wanting [in eels]. c. The line or rim dividing the two faces of a brilliant (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [noun] > cut in specific style > line dividing surfaces girdle1819 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XVI Girdle, among Jewellers, the line which encompasses the stone parallel to the horizon; or which determines the greatest horizontal expansion of the stones. 1861 Macmillan's Mag. 3 184/2 The rim where the setting takes hold, or, as we have described it, the junction of the bases of the pyramids, is called the girdle. 1883 A. H. Church Precious Stones iii. 21 The ‘girdle’ or edge bounding the widest part of the stone, divides the crown from the base, and is concealed in part..by the mounting or setting. d. Architecture. (See quot. 1842.) ΚΠ 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. at Ceinture The Cincture, or Girdle of a Pillar. 1738 E. Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) at Cincture The word, in its original, French, signifies girdle. 1842 G. W. Francis Dict. Arts Girdle, a small circular band around the shaft of a column. e. Mining. A stratum or bed of stone or other substance occurring irregularly. Cf. band n.2 12. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > obstruction or fault rider1653 fore-stone1668 jamb1721 septuma1728 horse1778 fault1796 heave1802 girdle1819 burnt stuff1852 swine back1883 white horse1886 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > stratum by constitution > girdle-bed girdle1819 girdle-bed1880 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XVI Girdle, in Mining, is the name used in Cumberland, and some other counties, to denote the uncertain strata, or chance beds, of stone or different substances that are met with in some districts. 1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Girdles, in mining, are beds from about three inches to two feet or more in thickness; but the term is usually applied to beds varying from three inches to nine or ten inches thick. f. Botany. ΚΠ 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 368 When the growth is normal..the three segments which form a cycle always become arranged into a disc transverse to the stem, their outer surfaces thus forming an annular zone or girdle. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 381 The border of tracheides of each leaf is expanded into a low wing, which runs to meet that of the opposite leaf, and unites with it to form a transverse girdle. g. A belt or ring made round the trunk of a tree by the removal of the bark (cf. girdle v. 2). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > removing bark from trees > removing circle of bark ring1700 girdling1792 ringing1816 girdle1825 notch-ringing1884 ringbarking1938 1825 J. Lorain Nature in Pract. Husb. 63 All of them eventually die, provided the girdle be carefully cut through the sap into the heart-wood of the tree. 1896 P. A. Bruce Econ. Hist. Virginia I. 150 The method employed by the Indians for the removal of the forest..consists in running a girdle around the trunks of the largest trees by cutting away the bark..the object of this being to intercept the flow of the sap. 1897 L. H. Bailey Princ. Fruit-growing 289 Fig. 45 shows a deposit of woody matter above a girdle caused by a label wire. 5. pin and girdle: a swindling game, ‘prick the garter’ (see garter n. 5, 7). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > fast and loose > [noun] fast and loose1578 pin and girdle1710 garter1826 strap-game1847 trick of (also o') (the) loop1886 1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 209 'Tis astonishing that a young gentleman, bred five or six years in our own universities, shou'd..be drawn in..by those common known cheats of the pin and girdle. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. girdle-bell n. ΚΠ 1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama xiv. 149 The sweet music of their girdle-bells. girdle-belt n. ΚΠ 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 478 Nor did his [sc. Euryalus'] Eyes less longingly behold The Girdle-Belt, with Nails of burnish'd Gold. girdle-buckle n. ΚΠ 1790 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 207/1 A girdle-buckle about the bigness of a crown-piece was also dug up. girdle-compass n. ΚΠ 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Girdle compasse, or in the compasse, or wyth the compasse of a gyrdle, zotim [? read zonatim]. girdle-maker n. ΚΠ 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 686/20 Hic corrigiarius, gyrdil-maker. b. girdle-shaped adj. ΚΠ 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 521 The ulcer [of the stomach] is..occasionally, if of very long-standing, girdle-shaped. C2. girdle-bed n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > stratum by constitution > girdle-bed girdle1819 girdle-bed1880 1880 C. T. Clough in Geol. Mag. 443 Girdle Beds.—Alternations of thin sandstones and sandy shales. girdle-bone n. (see quots.). ΚΠ 1871 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Vertebrated Animals 175 The Frog's skull is characterised by the development of a very singular cartilage bone, called by Cuvier the os en ceinture or girdle-bone. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > mirror > [noun] > looking-glass looking-glass1526 Venice glass1527 tooting-glassc1560 seeing-glass1565 girdle-glassa1652 Venice looking-glass1655 considering-glass1660 peeper1673 long glass1680 table glass1688 dressing glass1697 keeking-glassa1724 toilet glass1729 long mirror1793 swing-glass1809 hand glass1832 cheval-glass1836 psyche1838 tire-glass1844 tiring-glass1844 driving mirror1907 wing mirror1925 swing mirror1930 vanity mirror1959 a1652 R. Brome New Acad. iv. ii. 85 in Five New Playes (1659) How his [sc. the man's] pocket-combe..and her [sc. the woman's] Girdle-glasse, To order her black pashes, came together. girdle-hanger n. (see hanger n.2 4b). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > sword > [noun] > sword-belt > attachments hanger1599 carriage1603 frog1700 girdle-hanger1921 1921 Brit. Mus. Return 66 Anglo-Saxon iron girdle-hanger from Cliffe, near Rochester. 1923 C. Fox Archaeol. Cambr. Region vi. 271 Girdle hangers. The simplest forms are a close copy in bronze of the housewife's keys of iron (a Roman type), the possession of which they doubtless symbolized. girdle-pains n. = girdle-sensation n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > pinching or pressure pinchinga1413 tension1541 wringing1606 tensity1658 girdle-sensation1885 girdle-pains1897 1897 M. L. Hughes Mediterranean Fever iii. 122 Mental irritability and sleeplessness are combined with..girdle-pains [etc.]. girdle-sensation n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > pinching or pressure pinchinga1413 tension1541 wringing1606 tensity1658 girdle-sensation1885 girdle-pains1897 1885 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Girdle-sensation, the feeling of having a string or a broad band tied round the body or one of the limbs. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 977 It was followed by atrophy of the muscles, impairment of vision..girdle sensation [etc.]. girdle-wheel n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > spinning > spinning wheel > types of wool-wheel1630 girdle-wheel1688 high wheel1836 tow-wheel1900 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 287/1 The Girdle Wheel is a [Spinning] Wheel so little that a Gentle-woman may hang it at her Girdle..and Spin with it, though she be walking about. Derivatives girdle-like adj. ΚΠ 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 June 1/3 It has a smart bodice, with..a girdle-like arrangement of cord in front. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). girdlen.2 northern and Scottish. a. A circular plate of iron which is suspended over the fire and upon which cakes are baked or toasted. (Cf. griddle n.). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking vessel or pot > [noun] > griddle baking iron1352 griddle1352 girdlea1400 griddle-iron1843 tawac1843 yetling1866 spider1875 a1400 Burgh Laws cxvi, in Sc. Stat. I Alsua he sall hafe..a brasyn pot a pan a rostyng yrne a girdill [etc.]. 1477 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 408 A gyrdil, a bakbrede, a brewyne fat. 1533 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 451 Ane kamery stok, ane girdill, ane baik bread. 1563 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 169 A gyrdle, a brandrett. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 95 Thay make breid aftir casting it vpon the girdle. 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 106 Oatmeal..which girdles hot bakes And turns to bannocks, and to oat cakes. 1708 S. Molyneux in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 26 39 A large Girdle about 20 Pounds Weight..was found lying on the Floor. 1859 J. C. Atkinson Walks & Talks Two Schoolboys (1892) 343 Bilberry jam, and flaky cakes hot from the girdle. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xx. 196 We lay on the bare top of a rock, like scones upon a girdle. b. Phrase. like a hen on a het (hot) girdle: indicating a state of great uneasiness or discomfort. ΚΠ 1787 R. Burns Let. 1 June (2001) I. 120 It's true, she's..tipper-taipers when she taks the gate first like..a hen on a het girdle. 1814 W. Scott Waverley III. xxiii. 351 The Baillie..had all this while shifted from one foot to another with great impatience, ‘like a hen’, as he afterwards said, ‘upon a het girdle’. View more context for this quotation 1849 C. Brontë Shirley III. viii. 181 His gait..emulated that of a hen treading a hot girdle.] Compounds General attributive. girdle-cake n. (cf. griddle-cake n. at griddle n. Compounds 2.) ΚΠ 1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 11 Aunt Ester spoil'd the gurdle ceakes. 1857 C. M. Yonge Cameos xliv, in Monthly Packet Nov. 453 Each man had..a plate of metal, on which he could bake his girdle-cakes. 1885 J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 49 We had a girdle cake for tea. girdle-maker n. ΚΠ 1599 Charter Jas. VI The girdelmakers inhabitants within the bruch of Culross. 1833 T. Carlyle in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 135/2 She was the daughter of a Girdle-maker. girdle-making adj. ΚΠ 1885 D. Beveridge Culross & Tulliallan II. xix. 93 The girdlemaking monopoly. girdle-smith n. ΚΠ 1661 Culross Town Rec. Patrick Sands girdle-smythe. Derivatives ˈgirdleful n. as much as a girdle can hold. ΚΠ 1895 J. Wood in Sc. Antiquary 10 76 The goodwife was baking, and had a girdleful of bannocks on the fire. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). girdlev. 1. a. transitive. To surround with a girdle. Also to girdle about, in, round. (Chiefly transferred and figurative.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] befong971 beclipc1000 begoc1000 belieOE bestandc1000 to go about ——OE umbegangc1200 behema1250 befallc1275 berunc1275 girdc1290 bihalvena1300 umlapa1300 umlaya1300 umlouka1300 umbegoc1300 belayc1320 halsea1340 enclose1340 umbelapa1350 embracec1360 betrendc1374 circlec1374 umbecasta1375 to give about1382 environa1393 umbeclipa1395 compassa1400 encircle?a1400 enourle?a1400 umbegivea1400 umbeseta1400 umbeliec1400 umbetighc1400 enroundc1420 measurec1425 umbsteadc1450 adviron?1473 purprise1481 umbeviron1489 belta1500 girtha1500 overgirda1500 engirt15.. envirea1513 round?a1513 brace1513 umbereach1513 becompass1520 circuea1533 girtc1540 umbsetc1540 circule1553 encompass1555 circulate?a1560 ingyre1568 to do about1571 engird1573 circumdate1578 succinge1578 employ1579 circuate1581 girdle1582 wheel1582 circumgyre1583 enring1589 ringa1592 embail1593 enfold1596 invier1596 stem1596 circumcingle1599 ingert1599 engirdle1602 circulize1603 circumscribe1605 begirt1608 to go round1610 enwheela1616 surround1616 shingle1621 encirculize1624 circumviron1632 beround1643 orba1644 circumference1646 becircle1648 incircuitc1650 circumcinge1657 circumtend1684 besiege1686 cincture1789 zone1795 cravat1814 encincture1820 circumvent1824 begirdle1837 perambulate1863 cordon1891 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > belt or girdle girdc950 begirdc1000 belta1400 girdle1582 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias xv. 39 Silke..even such wherewith he was accustomed to girdle himselfe. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres vi. 184 There is set down..how many shot will girdle or impale the battell of pikes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. i. 2 O thou Wall That girdles in those Wolues, diue in the earth, And fence not Athens. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iv. iii. 20 Spurre to the rescue of the Noble Talbot, Who now is girdled with a waste of Iron, And hem'd about with grim destruction. View more context for this quotation 1635 W. Barriffe Mil. Discipline ciii. 286 The Hollow Square Girdled with shot, is a Figure to be used at such times of necessity. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 196 Wooden Pipes..are ferriled and girdled with Iron. a1782 W. Cowper Heroism 6 No thunders shook with deep intestine sound The blooming groves that girdled her around. 1808 W. Scott Marmion ii. ix. 86 The tide did now its flood-mark gain, And girdled in the Saint's domain. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. xi. 199 The bright and velvet lawn closely girdling the grey base of the mansion. 1858 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 10 May in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) iv. 212 Far in the distance, the blue hills that girdle in the Campagna of Rome. 1871 F. W. Farrar Witness of Hist. ii. 55 Let us mark how the hills that girdle them are scattered with the ruined enginery of assaults. 1888 A. Meynell in Art Jrnl. LI. 139/2 A tea-gown, waistless, and girdled low down. b. To travel round. Cf. girdle n.1 3b. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > make circuit of viron1382 compassc1384 umbecastc1400 circuea1450 circuitc1550 circle1582 circum-pass1588 round1591 surround1638 encompass1640 circumvent1840 circuitize1846 to make or go the circuit ofa1876 girdle1901 orbit1946 1901 F. H. Burnett Making of Marchioness ii. vi. 180 Agatha Norman, at present joyously girdling the globe with her bridegroom. 2. a. To cut through the bark of a tree in a circle extending round the trunk, or to remove a certain breadth of bark in a similar circle, either for the purpose of killing the tree or for that of rendering it more fruitful; sometimes in passive of injuries caused accidentally, e.g., by a tight wire or by the gnawing of rabbits. Also with round. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [verb (transitive)] > remove ring of bark girdle1662 ring1800 belt1812 ringbark1823 1662 J. Winthrop Acct. making Tar & Pitch New Eng. in T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. (1756) I. 101 Several trials have been made..by girdling the tree (as they call it) cutting off some of the bark round, and a little into the wood of the tree, about six feet from the ground. 1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 65 in W. Stork Acct. E. Florida (ed. 2) There still remain..great trees girdled round to kill them, which are now very sound, tho' above 60 years since they were cut. 1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 211 If the trees were girdled and left to die standing, the timber would be much superior to any which is cut whilst alive. a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) II. 459 They accordingly cut down some trees, and girdle others. 1871 H. Macmillan True Vine (1872) v. 212 The barren branch is girdled or ringed—that is, a narrow strip of its bark is removed all round the branch. 1897 L. H. Bailey Princ. Fruit-growing 288 Trees which are girdled should have the injured parts pared down to live tissue. b. Surgery. (See quot. 1883.) ΚΠ 1883 B. G. Wilder & S. H. Gage Anat. Technol. 197 When the skin, especially of a limb, is divided by an incision encircling the part, the latter is said to be girdled. Derivatives ˈgirdled adj. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [adjective] > having ring of bark removed girdleda1817 ringed1820 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > fastened in specific way > belted, girdled, or pulled in succinct1604 girdleda1817 girt1870 tie-belted1976 a1817 T. Dwight Trav. New-Eng. & N.-Y. (1821) II. 126 There is a sufficient number of girdled trees standing..to give the new settlements a disagreeable appearance. 1883 E. P. Roe in Harper's Mag. Dec. 56/1 Girdled trees soon made it evident that rabbits were the depredators. 1888 [see sense 1a]. 1940 E. S. Gardner Case of Silent Partner xii. 196 Her tightly girdled, snappily dressed figure. 1961 A. Smith East-Enders vii. 119 Women with plucked eyebrows and men with girdled waists. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2020). < n.1c1000n.2a1400v.1582 |
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