glycosiden.

Brit.

/ˈɡlʌɪkə(ʊ)sʌɪd/, U.S.

/ˈɡlaɪkəˌsaɪd/,

/ˈɡlaɪkoʊˌsaɪd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: glycose n., -ide suffix.

Etymology: < glycose n. + -ide suffix, after French glycoside (C.-G. Lehmann 1855, in Compt. rend. hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 41 664). Compare earlier glucoside n.Quot. 1862 refers to a French paper of 1860. Compare German Glycosid (1855; now usually Glykosid).

Chemistry.

Any compound which can be broken down into a simple sugar (often glucose) and another compound (cf. glucoside n.); (in later use) spec. a compound in which a sugar molecule is joined to another molecule, typically an alcohol or phenol, by means of a linkage between hydroxyl groups on each component (cf. glycosidic adj.).The terms glucoside and glycoside have overlapped for much of their history, but glucoside now usually denotes a compound of this type in which the sugar is glucose. Compare the sense development of glucose and glycose.Many drugs and poisons derived from plants are glycosides.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > [noun] > glycosides

glucoside1855

glycoside1862

riboside1914

1862 Proc. 10th Ann. Meeting Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc. 138 Glucosides. Kosman [sic], and after him Bouchardat, remind of the inadmissibility of the administration of free acids, emulsin, &c., when glycosides, or the drugs containing them, are prescribed.

1878 Chem. News 2 Aug. 60/1 The glycosides and colouring matters of quercitron and of Persian berries are very near to each other.

1904 Encycl. Americana VIII. at Glycosides Those glycosides which split into sugar and some other body are known as glucosides.

1930 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 52 1681 The word glycoside is used in the generic sense to include glucoside-like derivatives of any of the aldoses or ketoses; the term glucoside is limited to the glycosides of the particular sugar glucose.

1961 New Scientist 7 Dec. 639/3 The active principles of digitalis are glycosides (such as Digitoxin and Digoxin).

1965 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) i. 21 The enzyme emulsin decomposes amygdalin, the glycoside of bitter almonds, into glucose, benzaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid.

2014 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 17 Mar. Stevia is pretty good... The leaves are 30 times or so sweeter than refined sugar, with the sweetness derived from glycosides.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	glycoside
释义	glycosiden. Brit. /ˈɡlʌɪkə(ʊ)sʌɪd/, U.S. /ˈɡlaɪkəˌsaɪd/, /ˈɡlaɪkoʊˌsaɪd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: glycose n., -ide suffix. Etymology: < glycose n. + -ide suffix, after French glycoside (C.-G. Lehmann 1855, in Compt. rend. hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 41 664). Compare earlier glucoside n.Quot. 1862 refers to a French paper of 1860. Compare German Glycosid (1855; now usually Glykosid). Chemistry. Any compound which can be broken down into a simple sugar (often glucose) and another compound (cf. glucoside n.); (in later use) spec. a compound in which a sugar molecule is joined to another molecule, typically an alcohol or phenol, by means of a linkage between hydroxyl groups on each component (cf. glycosidic adj.).The terms glucoside and glycoside have overlapped for much of their history, but glucoside now usually denotes a compound of this type in which the sugar is glucose. Compare the sense development of glucose and glycose.Many drugs and poisons derived from plants are glycosides. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > [noun] > glycosides glucoside1855 glycoside1862 riboside1914 1862 Proc. 10th Ann. Meeting Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc. 138 Glucosides. Kosman [sic], and after him Bouchardat, remind of the inadmissibility of the administration of free acids, emulsin, &c., when glycosides, or the drugs containing them, are prescribed. 1878 Chem. News 2 Aug. 60/1 The glycosides and colouring matters of quercitron and of Persian berries are very near to each other. 1904 Encycl. Americana VIII. at Glycosides Those glycosides which split into sugar and some other body are known as glucosides. 1930 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 52 1681 The word glycoside is used in the generic sense to include glucoside-like derivatives of any of the aldoses or ketoses; the term glucoside is limited to the glycosides of the particular sugar glucose. 1961 New Scientist 7 Dec. 639/3 The active principles of digitalis are glycosides (such as Digitoxin and Digoxin). 1965 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) i. 21 The enzyme emulsin decomposes amygdalin, the glycoside of bitter almonds, into glucose, benzaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid. 2014 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 17 Mar. Stevia is pretty good... The leaves are 30 times or so sweeter than refined sugar, with the sweetness derived from glycosides. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1862
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