arableadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈarəbl/, U.S.

/ˈɛrəb(ə)l/

Forms:

α. Middle English– arable, 1500s arabull, 1500s–1600s areable, 1500s–1600s arrable; Scottish pre-1700 arabil, pre-1700 arabill, pre-1700 arrabill, pre-1700 arrable, pre-1700 1700s– arable.

β. Scottish pre-1700 arrible.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French arable; Latin arābilis.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French arable, arrable, adjective (c1155 in Old French; French arable ; the use as noun is apparently not paralleled in French), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin arābilis capable of being ploughed (Pliny), in post-classical Latin also as noun, denoting arable land (13th cent. in a British source) < arāre to plough (see aration n.) + -bilis -ble suffix. Compare Spanish arable (second half of the 15th cent.), Italian arabile (a1334). Compare later earable adj.With the β. forms compare -ible suffix.

A. adj.

1. Of land: capable of being ploughed, suitable or used for growing crops. Cf. earable adj. Contrasted with pasturable.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [adjective] > broken > arable

arablec1400

earablea1450

labourable1481

ploughable1570

tillable1571

c1400 Femina (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 53 (MED) Box palmer & mapyl þt wexyþ manye tymes in lond arable.

1493 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 294/1 Landis nocht arable nor lawborable.

1542 Conveyance in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 398 Foure selyons of lande arrable conteynyng two acres.

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 36 Land arable.

1673 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Royal Burgh of Lanark (1893) 195 Wpon any arrible ground.

1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xx. 356 Unnumber'd acres arable and green.

1755 J. Ismay in Yorks. Notes & Queries (1888) 1 208 Some sour marshy grounds are made arable by spading the turf from the surface and then burning it in heaps.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. II. 367/2 England... Of the land 13 millions of acres are inclosed, 11 arable; 6¼ waste in England, 1½ in Wales, 14½ in Scotland.

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. ii. 15 Half the arable estate, as a rule, lay in fallow.

1931 A. D. Hall Soil (ed. 4) ix. 331 For arable land the best preparation is to sow a crop of blue lupins, to be turned in and supply a stock of nitrogen and humus for succeeding crops.

1980 M. Shoard Theft of Countryside ii. vii. 74 By the nineteenth century the [Yorkshire] Wolds were almost entirely arable.

2008 New Yorker 10 Nov. 45/3 As much as thirty per cent of Mexico's arable land is suspected of being under cultivation for clandestine crops.

2. Concerned with the growing of crops; growing, or suitable for cultivation, on ploughed land.

ΚΠ

1689 J. F. Golden Fleece Revived 4 Our present time suffers in the abundance of Corn and Grain thereby produced, that our Arable Farms, instead of bringing in Rent, scarcely defrays the Charge of Agriculture.

1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming xxxvii. 305 On his Skill and Labour greatly depends the Success of all the arable Crops.

1811 ‘D. Blair’ Universal Preceptor iii. 14 Of the forty millions [sc. acres] of cultivated land, twelve millions are employed in arable farming; twenty millions, in grazing cattle; two millions, in woods and hedge rows.

1897 C. S. Morris Amer. Educator I. 279/1 In the valleys of the Alps..the climate inclines them to prefer pasture to arable husbandry.

1937 S. F. Armstrong Brit. Grasses (ed. 3) xv. 298 After a few years the improved grass may be ploughed up and the accumulated fertility ‘cashed’ by corn and other arable crops.

1998 New Scientist 17 Jan. 18/1 Once-common arable weeds such as the corncockle are now extinct in the wild.

2005 S. Cherry in R. Bean Harvest (Research Interviews) 124 The arable and cereal farmers get grants they don't need, and the pig and poultry men have never got a penny.

B. n.

Arable land.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land

earthlandeOE

falloweOE

acreOE

hide and gaine1347

furrowc1380

teamlanda1387

tilthc1460

arablec1475

tilling land1488

flat1513

plough-tilth1516

ploughland1530

tillage1543

plough-ground1551

teamware1567

ploughing ground1625

ploughing land1674

prairie-breaking1845

plough1859

c1475 (?a1440) B. Burgh Distichs of Cato (Rawl. C.48) l. 350 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1905) 115 312 (MED) Iff thou list, my child..to knowe the tilthe and the cultur..summe is arable [v.r. erable] and summe is pasture.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 7 Consisting indifferently of arable, pasture, meadow and woodland.

1637 J. Harrison Exact Surv. Manor Sheffield in S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield (1888) 50 A close of arable called the Conery.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 81 'Tis good for Arable, a Glebe that asks Tough Teams of Oxen.

1728 Stamford Mercury 25 Apr. 136/1 To be Sold..The Manour of Oxen..with a Freehold Estate of 44l 4s per Annum, consisting of Arable, Meadow and Pasture, in Anderby.

1883 T. Hardy in Longman's Mag. July 258 A group of these honest fellows in the arable.

1928 J. Galsworthy Swan Song ii. ix, in Mod. Comedy (1929) 668 I mean to work the arable for all it's worth.

2004 Field Sept. 28 (advt.) Off-lying isolation yard. Arable and woodland. Potential for a shoot.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	arable
释义	arableadj.n. Brit. /ˈarəbl/, U.S. /ˈɛrəb(ə)l/ Forms: α. Middle English– arable, 1500s arabull, 1500s–1600s areable, 1500s–1600s arrable; Scottish pre-1700 arabil, pre-1700 arabill, pre-1700 arrabill, pre-1700 arrable, pre-1700 1700s– arable. β. Scottish pre-1700 arrible. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French arable; Latin arābilis. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French arable, arrable, adjective (c1155 in Old French; French arable ; the use as noun is apparently not paralleled in French), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin arābilis capable of being ploughed (Pliny), in post-classical Latin also as noun, denoting arable land (13th cent. in a British source) < arāre to plough (see aration n.) + -bilis -ble suffix. Compare Spanish arable (second half of the 15th cent.), Italian arabile (a1334). Compare later earable adj.With the β. forms compare -ible suffix. A. adj. 1. Of land: capable of being ploughed, suitable or used for growing crops. Cf. earable adj. Contrasted with pasturable. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [adjective] > broken > arable arablec1400 earablea1450 labourable1481 ploughable1570 tillable1571 c1400 Femina (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 53 (MED) Box palmer & mapyl þt wexyþ manye tymes in lond arable. 1493 in Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1839) I. 294/1 Landis nocht arable nor lawborable. 1542 Conveyance in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 398 Foure selyons of lande arrable conteynyng two acres. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 36 Land arable. 1673 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Royal Burgh of Lanark (1893) 195 Wpon any arrible ground. 1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xx. 356 Unnumber'd acres arable and green. 1755 J. Ismay in Yorks. Notes & Queries (1888) 1 208 Some sour marshy grounds are made arable by spading the turf from the surface and then burning it in heaps. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. II. 367/2 England... Of the land 13 millions of acres are inclosed, 11 arable; 6¼ waste in England, 1½ in Wales, 14½ in Scotland. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. ii. 15 Half the arable estate, as a rule, lay in fallow. 1931 A. D. Hall Soil (ed. 4) ix. 331 For arable land the best preparation is to sow a crop of blue lupins, to be turned in and supply a stock of nitrogen and humus for succeeding crops. 1980 M. Shoard Theft of Countryside ii. vii. 74 By the nineteenth century the [Yorkshire] Wolds were almost entirely arable. 2008 New Yorker 10 Nov. 45/3 As much as thirty per cent of Mexico's arable land is suspected of being under cultivation for clandestine crops. 2. Concerned with the growing of crops; growing, or suitable for cultivation, on ploughed land. ΚΠ 1689 J. F. Golden Fleece Revived 4 Our present time suffers in the abundance of Corn and Grain thereby produced, that our Arable Farms, instead of bringing in Rent, scarcely defrays the Charge of Agriculture. 1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming xxxvii. 305 On his Skill and Labour greatly depends the Success of all the arable Crops. 1811 ‘D. Blair’ Universal Preceptor iii. 14 Of the forty millions [sc. acres] of cultivated land, twelve millions are employed in arable farming; twenty millions, in grazing cattle; two millions, in woods and hedge rows. 1897 C. S. Morris Amer. Educator I. 279/1 In the valleys of the Alps..the climate inclines them to prefer pasture to arable husbandry. 1937 S. F. Armstrong Brit. Grasses (ed. 3) xv. 298 After a few years the improved grass may be ploughed up and the accumulated fertility ‘cashed’ by corn and other arable crops. 1998 New Scientist 17 Jan. 18/1 Once-common arable weeds such as the corncockle are now extinct in the wild. 2005 S. Cherry in R. Bean Harvest (Research Interviews) 124 The arable and cereal farmers get grants they don't need, and the pig and poultry men have never got a penny. B. n. Arable land. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [noun] > broken land > arable or ploughed land earthlandeOE falloweOE acreOE hide and gaine1347 furrowc1380 teamlanda1387 tilthc1460 arablec1475 tilling land1488 flat1513 plough-tilth1516 ploughland1530 tillage1543 plough-ground1551 teamware1567 ploughing ground1625 ploughing land1674 prairie-breaking1845 plough1859 c1475 (?a1440) B. Burgh Distichs of Cato (Rawl. C.48) l. 350 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1905) 115 312 (MED) Iff thou list, my child..to knowe the tilthe and the cultur..summe is arable [v.r. erable] and summe is pasture. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 7 Consisting indifferently of arable, pasture, meadow and woodland. 1637 J. Harrison Exact Surv. Manor Sheffield in S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield (1888) 50 A close of arable called the Conery. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 81 'Tis good for Arable, a Glebe that asks Tough Teams of Oxen. View more context for this quotation 1728 Stamford Mercury 25 Apr. 136/1 To be Sold..The Manour of Oxen..with a Freehold Estate of 44l 4s per Annum, consisting of Arable, Meadow and Pasture, in Anderby. 1883 T. Hardy in Longman's Mag. July 258 A group of these honest fellows in the arable. 1928 J. Galsworthy Swan Song ii. ix, in Mod. Comedy (1929) 668 I mean to work the arable for all it's worth. 2004 Field Sept. 28 (advt.) Off-lying isolation yard. Arable and woodland. Potential for a shoot. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.c1400
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