gendarmen.

/ʒɒnˈdɑːm/

Forms: 1700s gens d'arm, 1800s gendarme; plural 1500s gentzdarmes, (1600s gend'arme), 1800s gend'armes, 1600s–1800s gens d'arm(e)s, gensdarmes, gendarmes.

Etymology: < French gendarme, a singular formed from the plural gens d'armes men of arms; hence a fresh plural gendarmes. Some confusion between these forms is evident in English writers; in modern French the spelling gens d'armes is restricted to the historic sense.

†1. (Chiefly plural) In the older French army, a horseman in full armour, having several others under his command; in later times, a mounted trooper, esp. of the royal companies. Obsolete exc. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > heavy-armed

man-of-armsa1375

man-at-arms1561

gendarmec1565

cuirassier1625

c1565 Disc. Common Weal Eng. (1893) 7 Whether gentzdarmes were necessarye here as in Fraunce.

1608 T. Hudson tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Ivdith v. 84 in J. Sylvester Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) We come not here, my Lord said they, with armes For to resist the chok of thy Gens d'armes.

c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 135 I tooke Coach to see a generall Muster of all the Gens d'Armes about the Citty..in the Bois de Boulogna neere Paris.

1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon ii. vii. 340 The man of the house..was one of the Gend'arme [margin, Or Cuirassiers] of the King's own Troop.

1688 London Gaz. No. 2375/3 The Gendarmes and Light Horse that formed the Camp of Acheres, and were returning to their Quarters, are countermanded.

a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) II. i. 4 This I would by no Means suffer, assuring him that I could bear Fire and Water at least as well as he, or I was not fit to be a Gens d'Arm.

1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. i. 48 The Scots Guard consisted of one hundred gensdarmes and two hundred archers.

a. A soldier, either mounted or on foot (French gendarme à cheval, —— à pied), who is employed in police duties, esp. in France.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > member of national or municipal guard

halberdier1517

partisan1649

stationary1698

milicien1760

gendarme1796

municipal1837

national1843

carabiniere1847

Pasdaran1979

Pasdar1980

1796 H. M. Williams Lett. France (ed. 2) I. vii. 88 I proceeded on my journey haunted by the images of gens d'armes.

1816 W. Scott Paul's Lett. to Kinsfolk 361 The patroles of the modern gens d'armes, or military police.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. i. 10 At this delightful town, we had unlimited parole, not even a gend'arme accompanying us.

1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. 220 A few gendarmes had been sent to protect the fair during the night.

b. figurative. (See quots.)

ΚΠ

1883 Sat. Rev. 17 Feb. 208/2 One of those projecting pieces of rock which are called gendarmes; apparently from their frequently stopping travellers.

1895 Westm. Gaz. 13 Sept. 3/2 The formidable-looking ridge, bristling with innumerable ‘gendarmes’ or rock-towers..was inspected.

c. A policeman. slang.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman

truncheon officer1708

runner1735

horny1753

nibbing-cull1775

nabbing-cull1780

police officer1784

police constable1787

policeman1788

scout1789

nabman1792

nabber1795

pig1811

Bow-street officer1812

nab1813

peeler1816

split1819

grunter1823

robin redbreast1824

bulky1828

raw (or unboiled) lobster1829

Johnny Darm1830

polis1833

crusher1835

constable1839

police1839

agent1841

johndarm1843

blue boy1844

bobby1844

bluebottle1845

copper1846

blue1848

polisman1850

blue coat1851

Johnny1851

PC1851

spot1851

Jack1854

truncheonist1854

fly1857

greycoat1857

cop1859

Cossack1859

slop1859

scuffer1860

nailerc1863

worm1864

Robert1870

reeler1879

minion of the law1882

ginger pop1887

rozzer1888

nark1890

bull1893

grasshopper1893

truncheon-bearer1896

John1898

finger1899

flatty1899

mug1903

John Dunn1904

John Hop1905

gendarme1906

Johnny Hop1908

pavement pounder1908

buttons1911

flat-foot1913

pounder1919

Hop1923

bogy1925

shamus1925

heat1928

fuzz1929

law1929

narker1932

roach1932

jonnop1938

grass1939

roller1940

Babylon1943

walloper1945

cozzer1950

Old Bill1958

cowboy1959

monaych1961

cozzpot1962

policeperson1965

woolly1965

Fed1966

wolly1970

plod1971

roz1971

Smokey Bear1974

bear1975

beast1978

woodentop1981

Five-O1983

dibble1990

Bow-street runner-

1906 H. Green At Actors' Boarding House 204 She'll be cabling the old guy to set the gendarmes on us as we leave the boat.

1931 H. Crane Let. 30 Mar. (1965) 367 I am to sail to Mexico (damn the gendarmes!) next Saturday.

3. attributive in gendarme blue, a colour like that of a French gendarme's uniform; also absol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [noun] > dark blue

bicec1430

navy blue1780

marine blue1803

midnight blue1810

Adelaide1831

Oxford blue1842

butcher's blue1851

gros bleu1870

marine1871

gendarme blue1884

navy1884

butcher1892

matelot1927

1884 Girl's Own Paper Jan. 200/2 That shade of blue called ‘Gendarme’.

1891 Daily News 23 Mar. 2/2 One of these [bodices], in gendarme blue, has a vest of cornflower blue.

1895 Daily News 20 Mar. 7/1 A new shade, suggesting gendarme and cornflower, but not precisely either.

Derivatives

genˈdarming n. the discharge of police duties.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1890 Sat. Rev. 13 Sept. 314/1 The German gendarmes should do their gendarming with more gentleness.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	gendarme
释义	gendarmen. /ʒɒnˈdɑːm/ Forms: 1700s gens d'arm, 1800s gendarme; plural 1500s gentzdarmes, (1600s gend'arme), 1800s gend'armes, 1600s–1800s gens d'arm(e)s, gensdarmes, gendarmes. Etymology: < French gendarme, a singular formed from the plural gens d'armes men of arms; hence a fresh plural gendarmes. Some confusion between these forms is evident in English writers; in modern French the spelling gens d'armes is restricted to the historic sense. †1. (Chiefly plural) In the older French army, a horseman in full armour, having several others under his command; in later times, a mounted trooper, esp. of the royal companies. Obsolete exc. Historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > mounted soldier > heavy-armed man-of-armsa1375 man-at-arms1561 gendarmec1565 cuirassier1625 c1565 Disc. Common Weal Eng. (1893) 7 Whether gentzdarmes were necessarye here as in Fraunce. 1608 T. Hudson tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Ivdith v. 84 in J. Sylvester Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) We come not here, my Lord said they, with armes For to resist the chok of thy Gens d'armes. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 135 I tooke Coach to see a generall Muster of all the Gens d'Armes about the Citty..in the Bois de Boulogna neere Paris. 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon ii. vii. 340 The man of the house..was one of the Gend'arme [margin, Or Cuirassiers] of the King's own Troop. 1688 London Gaz. No. 2375/3 The Gendarmes and Light Horse that formed the Camp of Acheres, and were returning to their Quarters, are countermanded. a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) II. i. 4 This I would by no Means suffer, assuring him that I could bear Fire and Water at least as well as he, or I was not fit to be a Gens d'Arm. 1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. i. 48 The Scots Guard consisted of one hundred gensdarmes and two hundred archers. 2. a. A soldier, either mounted or on foot (French gendarme à cheval, —— à pied), who is employed in police duties, esp. in France. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > member of national or municipal guard halberdier1517 partisan1649 stationary1698 milicien1760 gendarme1796 municipal1837 national1843 carabiniere1847 Pasdaran1979 Pasdar1980 1796 H. M. Williams Lett. France (ed. 2) I. vii. 88 I proceeded on my journey haunted by the images of gens d'armes. 1816 W. Scott Paul's Lett. to Kinsfolk 361 The patroles of the modern gens d'armes, or military police. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. i. 10 At this delightful town, we had unlimited parole, not even a gend'arme accompanying us. 1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. 220 A few gendarmes had been sent to protect the fair during the night. b. figurative. (See quots.) ΚΠ 1883 Sat. Rev. 17 Feb. 208/2 One of those projecting pieces of rock which are called gendarmes; apparently from their frequently stopping travellers. 1895 Westm. Gaz. 13 Sept. 3/2 The formidable-looking ridge, bristling with innumerable ‘gendarmes’ or rock-towers..was inspected. c. A policeman. slang. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman truncheon officer1708 runner1735 horny1753 nibbing-cull1775 nabbing-cull1780 police officer1784 police constable1787 policeman1788 scout1789 nabman1792 nabber1795 pig1811 Bow-street officer1812 nab1813 peeler1816 split1819 grunter1823 robin redbreast1824 bulky1828 raw (or unboiled) lobster1829 Johnny Darm1830 polis1833 crusher1835 constable1839 police1839 agent1841 johndarm1843 blue boy1844 bobby1844 bluebottle1845 copper1846 blue1848 polisman1850 blue coat1851 Johnny1851 PC1851 spot1851 Jack1854 truncheonist1854 fly1857 greycoat1857 cop1859 Cossack1859 slop1859 scuffer1860 nailerc1863 worm1864 Robert1870 reeler1879 minion of the law1882 ginger pop1887 rozzer1888 nark1890 bull1893 grasshopper1893 truncheon-bearer1896 John1898 finger1899 flatty1899 mug1903 John Dunn1904 John Hop1905 gendarme1906 Johnny Hop1908 pavement pounder1908 buttons1911 flat-foot1913 pounder1919 Hop1923 bogy1925 shamus1925 heat1928 fuzz1929 law1929 narker1932 roach1932 jonnop1938 grass1939 roller1940 Babylon1943 walloper1945 cozzer1950 Old Bill1958 cowboy1959 monaych1961 cozzpot1962 policeperson1965 woolly1965 Fed1966 wolly1970 plod1971 roz1971 Smokey Bear1974 bear1975 beast1978 woodentop1981 Five-O1983 dibble1990 Bow-street runner- 1906 H. Green At Actors' Boarding House 204 She'll be cabling the old guy to set the gendarmes on us as we leave the boat. 1931 H. Crane Let. 30 Mar. (1965) 367 I am to sail to Mexico (damn the gendarmes!) next Saturday. 3. attributive in gendarme blue, a colour like that of a French gendarme's uniform; also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [noun] > dark blue bicec1430 navy blue1780 marine blue1803 midnight blue1810 Adelaide1831 Oxford blue1842 butcher's blue1851 gros bleu1870 marine1871 gendarme blue1884 navy1884 butcher1892 matelot1927 1884 Girl's Own Paper Jan. 200/2 That shade of blue called ‘Gendarme’. 1891 Daily News 23 Mar. 2/2 One of these [bodices], in gendarme blue, has a vest of cornflower blue. 1895 Daily News 20 Mar. 7/1 A new shade, suggesting gendarme and cornflower, but not precisely either. Derivatives genˈdarming n. the discharge of police duties.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1890 Sat. Rev. 13 Sept. 314/1 The German gendarmes should do their gendarming with more gentleness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.c1565
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