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单词 genioglossus
释义

genioglossusn.

Brit. /ˌdʒiːnɪə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒsəs/, /dʒᵻˌnʌɪəˈɡlɒsəs/, U.S. /ˌdʒiniəˈɡlɑsəs/, /ˌdʒinioʊˈɡlɑsəs/, /dʒəˌnaɪəˈɡlɑsəs/
Inflections: Plural genioglossi.
Forms: 1600s geneioglossus, 1600s geneoglossus, 1600s genuoglossus, 1600s genyoglossus, 1600s– genioglossus.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin genioglossus, geneoglossus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin genioglossus (1597 or earlier; also geneoglossus (1615 or earlier)) < ancient Greek γένειον chin (see genio- comb. form) + γλῶσσα tongue (see gloss n.1), with alteration of the ending after classical Latin mūsculus muscle n.
Anatomy and Zoology.
A flat, fan-shaped muscle that originates from the superior genial tubercle and inserts onto the undersurface of the tongue and onto the hyoglossal ligament, acting mainly to extend or protrude the tongue. Frequently attributive, esp. in genioglossus muscle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > muscles of mouth or lips
genioglossus1615
myloglossus1657
mylohyoideus1657
geniogloss1661
styloglossum1671
orbicularis1681
styloglossus1728
risorius1746
palatopharyngeus1749
orbicularis oris1754
hyoglossus1811
palatoglossus1828
mylohyoid muscle1838
mylohyoid1844
stylohyoid1897
genioglossals1900
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια x. xviii. 762 The third paire [of muscles of the tongue] are called Genuoglossi or the chin-tongue Muscles.
1657 N. Culpeper & W. Rand tr. J. Riolan Sure Guide v. xvi. 222 The Tongue is forced forward by the Muscle Genyoglossus [L. Genioglosso], which growing out of the inner side of the Chin, is terminated to the Tongues Root.
1778 Anat. Dialogues 81 The genioglossus arises from the forepart of the lower jaw internally, and is inserted broad into the under part of the root of the tongue.
1849–52 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 1133/2 The genioglossus..is of a radiated or fan-shape, and is placed vertically in immediate contact with its fellow of the opposite side.
1989 Jrnl. Zool. 219 171/2 Smith..listed three possible mechanisms of anterior tongue movement in lizards: 1) whole-tongue movement caused by activity of the genioglossus muscles [etc.].
2009 M. Friedman et al. Sleep Apnea & Snoring xlviii. 301/1 Genioglossus advancement is a surgical procedure which places the genioglossus muscle under tension, thus restricting the collapse of the tongue into the airway.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1615
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