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单词 gate
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gaten.1

Brit. /ɡeɪt/, U.S. /ɡeɪt/
Forms: α. Old English geat, get (Northumbrian gæt, geat(t), Middle English ȝeat, (Middle English giate), Middle English–1500s ȝet, Middle English ȝat(t)e, Middle English, 1500s–1800s dialect yat(t)e, Middle English–1500s yhate, yhet, ȝett, Middle English–1500s yet(e, 1600s–1800s dialect yeat(t, 1500s– Scottish yett. β. (Old English plural gatu), Middle English–1500s gat, (Middle English gatte, Middle English gaytt, 1500s gaat), Middle English– gate.
Etymology: Old English geat strong neuter, corresponds formally to Old Frisian gat , jet , hole, opening, Old Saxon gat eye of a needle (Low German and Dutch gat gap, hole, breach), Old Norse gat (see gat n.1) < Old Germanic type *gatom. The word is wanting in Gothic and High German.The ulterior etymology is obscure. Some scholars refer the word to the root of get v., supposing the etymological sense to be either ‘receptacle’ (hence ‘cavity’, ‘hole’, ‘opening’) or ‘means of reaching’ (hence ‘way of access’). It is however very uncertain whether it is allied either to get v. or to gate n.2 The original Old English declension was gæt, gætes, gæte in the singular, and gatu, -a, -um in the plural, according to the phonetic law by which a became æ except when a back vowel followed in the next syllable. Subsequently the g (= ɣ) before æ became palatalized, and the influence of the palatal g caused the change of æ into ea. Hence the stem assumed the two forms geat- and gat-, which are respectively represented by the α and β types in the later language. In late Old English the functional distinction between the two types was already disappearing through the operation of analogy, so that we find such forms as gates, gate (singular) and geatu, geatum (plural); in Mercian the forms geatu, -um (with guttural) are earlier, being due not to analogy but to the phonetic laws of the dialect. In Middle English the α forms are universal in northern and in north- and west-midland writers, and also prevailed in the s.w. (Robert of Gloucester, the South-Eng. Legendary, etc.); the manuscripts of Chaucer have gate in some passages and ȝate in others. Since the 16th cent. gate has been the sole form in literary English; dialectally the forms with y remain in northern and north-midland districts, so far as they have not been displaced by the influence of the literary language; occasionally they are found surviving elsewhere, as in North Devon and at Banbury (Ellis Phonol. Eng. Dialects).
1. An opening in a wall, made for the purpose of entrance and exit, and capable of being closed by a movable barrier, the existence of which is usually implied; said with reference to a city or other enclosure, or the enclosure-wall of a large building, formerly also to the bulding itself, where door or doors is now commonly employed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening which may be passed through > gate or gateway
gate778
gate-stead1610
port of entry1714
gateway1782
α.
778 Charter in Birch Cartul. Saxon. I. 315 Et eodem septo to hadfeld geate. et eodem septo to baggan gete.
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iii. ix. [xi.] 184 Ond heo sona þæt geat þæs mynstres ontynde.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) vii. 13 Gangað inn þurh þæt nearwe geat.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 141 He com among his disciples þer þe ȝeten were ilokene.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 311 Þe oðer beo eauer inne. Ne wiðute þe ȝete ne ga ha wið ute leaue.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 4296 Þe lyoun goþ to play wiþ-outen þe ȝat In pais wiþ-outen vilanie.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin iv. 78 We driven the remenaunt in at the yates.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 5964, in Wks. (1931) I I stude, naikit att ȝour ȝett.
1592 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 98 Kepinge the yate of the church yeord open.
1695 A. de la Pryme Diary 29 Dec. (1870) i. 77 You may go through this yate, and along the field side.
1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 21 He steeks the faul yeat softly tui.
1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxv, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 507 Across and re-across, backards and forruts, out o' ae yett and in at anither.
1865 G. MacDonald Alec Forbes III. 14 He's oot at the back yett and awa'!
β. 971 Blickl. Hom. 241 Hi betyndon þære ceastre gatu.a1175 Cott. Hom. 231 Gief he fend were me sceolden anon eter [= at the] gat ȝemete mid gode repples.c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 183 With grete duble cheynes drauhen ouer þe gate.1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xiii. 47 And whan the peuple was plener come the porter vnpynnede the gate.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 188/2 Gate, or ȝate (P. yate), porta.1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 9v I made a square wall..with a great gate, for the bringing in of my cariages.a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iii. ii. 262 Brutus and Cassius Are rid like Madmen through the Gates of Rome. View more context for this quotation1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon ii. vi. 244 The Ladies Coach so stopt the Gate, that the Duke's could not possibly pass.1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 157 You see here is a Gate, and..we make them pay Toll?1749 T. Nugent Grand Tour IV. 67 The gate of S. Martin was built in the year 1674, after the same model as that of S. Denis, with three overtures, one great one, fifty feet high, and as many broad in the middle, with a little portal on each side.1861 M. Pattison in Westm. Rev. Apr. 415 The gates were closed at nine o'clock, and on no pretext opened after that hour.
2. In Biblical phraseology, after Hebrew; elliptical for gate(s of the city as a place of judicial assembly.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > place where court is held > [noun] > city-gate
gatec825
c825 Vesp. Psalter lxviii. 13 [lxix. 12] Ða ðe setun in gete.
c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) cxxvi. 6 [cxxvii. 5] Þonne he on gaton greteð his grame feondas.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xxii. 7 Knyȝtes shul sette ther setes in the ȝate.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ruth iv. i Boos wente vp to ye gate, and sate him downe there.
1656 J. Harrington Common-wealth of Oceana 191 Her Husband is known (by his Robes) in the Gates, when he siteth amongst the Senators of the Land.
1837 T. P. Thompson Lett. Representative 2nd Ser. 30 O for one hour of old Oliver, to talk with the royal miscreant in the gate!
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 194 The gate is the well-known place of concourse where judgment was given.
1865 J. Fergusson Hist. Archit. I. i. ii. iv. 175 Nor can it be doubted that this [ruin at Persepolis] is one of those buildings so frequently mentioned in the Bible as a ‘gate’, not the door of a city or buildings, but a gate of justice.
3. Phrases.
a. at the gate: figurative, close at hand.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > near by [phrase]
nigh handlOE
of (also from, in) nigh?c1225
at the gate1340
near at handa1400
nearhanda1400
nigh at handa1400
nigh byc1460
nearbyc1480
on the doorstep1957
on the (or one's) doorstep1957
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2000 For when þe dede es at þe yhate, Þan es he warned over late.
b. the gate(s of heaven, gates of hell, gates of paradise, where the word may originally have been apprehended in a material sense. Also the gate(s of death, used to denote a near approach to death (cf. death's gate n. at death n. Compounds 3c).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [noun] > entrance to
the gate(s of heavenc1000
heaven gatec1225
pearly gatesa1618
the world > the supernatural > deity > hell > [noun] > entrance to
hell-doorOE
hell gateOE
gates of hellc1000
hell-mouthOE
mouthOE
the world > life > death > [noun] > point of
death's gateOE
the gate(s of death1340
lasta1382
(in) the article (formerly also articles) of death1483
death's door1515
the valley of the shadow of death1535
(one's) last gasp1564
death door1601
extremity1602
on one's last legs1614
verge1750
the Great (Continental) Divide1908
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 18 Ofer þisne stan ic timbrige mine cyricean and helle gatu [c1160 Hatton Gosp. gate] ne magon ongen þa.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 41 He him sceawede haȝe treon eisliche beorninde et-foren helle ȝete.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 105 Þe giate of paradis is opened to-genes hem.
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2127 Þou ert he Þat fra þe yhates of dede liftes me.
1382 J. Wyclif Psalms cvi[i]. 18 And they neȝheden to the ȝatis of deth [L. portas mortis].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3783 Open him thoght þe ȝate of heuen.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) viii. 29 Þai er þe entreez and þe ȝ ates of hell.
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 56 Þe ȝats of helle schal not be miȝty aȝen þe.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. vi. 61 And now is here none otheregate, Bot Godys howse and heuens yate.
1662 Bk. Com. Prayer Collect Easter Even, That through the grave, and gate of death, we may pass to our joyful resurrection.
1678 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 50 Lord Rochester hath bin att the gates of death.
1775 J. Wesley Let. 28 July (1931) VI. 166 Last month I was at the gates of death. But it pleased God just then to rebuke the fever.
1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. iii, in Lamia & Other Poems 198 Most like the struggle at the gate of death.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 4 To each alike of the countless orthodox sects his name is the symbol for the prevailing of the gates of hell.
1916 W. M. Clow Evangel of Strait Gate xv. 173 These young men..have gone down not only to the horror of the battlefield but to the gates of death as they made the supreme sacrifice.
†c. the gate (of the great Turk): the Turkish court or government; the Porte. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > [noun] > the Turkish government
Portec1440
the gate of the great Turk1572
to come a gate?a1600
1572 W. Malim tr. N. Martinengo True Rep. Famagosta f. 14v (margin) The gate of the great Turke, is as much to say, as Constantinople: the which they call in the Turkishe language, Stanboll.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. cxxi. 97 b Followe the court of the great Lord (which they call the gate).
4. transferred. An entrance into a country through mountains; a mountain-pass. Also plural. Cf. Greek πύλη, Latin porta.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun] > through hills or difficult ground
portc1275
pacec1330
close?a1400
destrayt1481
gate1601
gut1615
passc1650
defile1685
ghat1698
mountain pass1707
bealach1794
ca1795
poort1834
Passover1839
droke1848
gateway1884
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 121 They tooke it that those gates of Caucasus whereof we spake before, were the Caspian gates.
1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. xvi. 83 A strait, narrow Passage, and, as it were, a Gate, or Inlet into the Countrey.
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 393 The Easterns, as well as the Greeks and Latins, used the word ‘gate’ or ‘doors’ of the mountain-passes, which gave an access to a land, but which might be held against an enemy.
1877 C. D. Warner Levant xii. 175 We dashed down the gate of a magnificent cañon.
5. figurative.
a. A means of entrance or exit; said e.g. of the five senses. Phrase to open a gate for (also to open a gate to): to provide facility or opportunity for. the ivory gate, the gate of horn: (in Greek legend) those through which false and true dreams respectively come forth. Cf. door n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > [noun] > means of entrance
doorc825
gatec1175
coming ina1398
ingressc1420
entress1481
indraughta1626
gateway1842
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit
outgangOE
gatec1175
outletc1275
outgoinga1387
water gatea1393
ish14..
issuec1400
outgatec1485
ushing1489
outway1571
egress1660
utterance1662
débouché1760
debouch1813
gateway1842
outgo1869
outfall1883
outcome1885
the world > action or operation > easiness > find no difficulty in [verb (transitive)] > make easy or easier > facilitate the progress of
unloukOE
to open a gate for1548
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > dream > [noun] > mythological portal of
horny gate (also port)1605
the gate of horn1831
the ivory gate1870
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 127 Hwet beoð þas .vii. ȝeate? Ðet beoð ure eȝan and ure neose and ure muð and ure earan.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 29 And thus min eye is made the gate, Through which the deinties of my thought Of lust ben to min herte brought.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10146 Þat mari, þat was þe gat [Trin. Cambr., Gött. ȝate; c1460 Laud yate] of vr merci.
c1416 T. Hoccleve Poems (1892) 62 Benigne lige Lord! o hauene and yate Of our confort.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 274 Þise arn þe wyndowys of þe body, & þe gatys of þe soule.
1493 Chastysing Goddes Chyldern (de Worde) ii. sig. Aij/1 The yate of grace is opened to al that aske thenne to entree.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBiiv The hearyng, the touchyng, the tastynge, and the smellyng: whiche with the syght be as fyue gates, by the whiche the ennemy sendeth in..[his] messages..to the soule.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxxxvij Although the gate of a conquest were opened, yet it was shut agayn.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 105 For thee ile locke vp all the gates of Loue. View more context for this quotation
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 690 Auria had done nothing but wisely and politickly, in..opening a gate for a long war.
1623 W. Drummond Cypresse Groue in Flowres of Sion 46 What sweete contentments doth the Soule enjoy by the senses? They are the Gates and Windowes of its Knowledge.
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 98 The Fauoring too much of good Intentions, which openeth the Gate to Conceits and Nouelties.
1737 R. Glover Leonidas i. 153 To guard the gates of Greece, which open stand.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. 9 The Bosphorus and the Hellespont may be considered as the two gates of Constantinople.
1831 T. B. Macaulay Hampden in Ess. (1880) 204 Then he [sc. Laud] dreamed that he turned Papist; of all his dreams the only one, we suspect, which came through the gate of horn.
1866 B. Taylor Wayside Dream in Poems 74 The gates of Slumber fold.
1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. Apol. Let it suffice me that my murmuring rhyme Beats with light wing against the ivory gate.
b. to get the gate, to be dismissed, rejected or jilted; so to give (someone) the gate. slang (originally and chiefly U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > be sent away or dismissed
to go to Hong Kong1849
go1858
to go hang1881
to take a walk1888
to get the gate1918
the mind > emotion > love > a lover > be someone's sweetheart [verb (intransitive)] > be rejected or jilted
to get (also take) the mitten1840
to get the gate1918
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss > unceremoniously
to send packingc1450
trussa1500
to go (send, etc.) away with a flea in one's ear1577
to set packing1577
pack1589
ship1594
to send away with a fly in one's ear1606
to give a packing penny to1609
to pack off1693
to cut (also slip) the painter1699
to send about one's business1728
trundle1794
to send to the right about (also rightabouts)1816
bundle1823
to give the bucket to1863
shake1872
to give (a person) the finger1874
to give (a person) the pushc1886
to give (someone or something) the chuck1888
to give (someone) the gate1918
to get the (big) bird1924
to tie a can to (or on)1926
to give (a person) (his or her) running shoes1938
to give (someone) the Lonsdale1958
1918 Diary 26 Mar. in Wine, Women & War (1926) 52 Col. Y—— slated to get the gate.
1918 H. C. Witwer From Baseball to Boches iv. 143 ‘I wanna speak to you in private, Jeanne,’ I says to her. ‘Give this hick the gate!’
1922 S. Lewis Babbitt viii. 119 If any of us were to indulge in it here, he'd get the gate so fast it would make his head swim.
1930 P. G. Wodehouse Very Good, Jeeves x. 263 I don't believe there's a female in the world who could see Uncle George fairly often in those waistcoats without feeling that it was due to her better self to give him the gate.
1951 Sat. Evening Post 8 Dec. 44/1 There's no reason why he should be fired..or given the gate.
1971 ‘E. Fenwick’ Impeccable People viii. 47 She billed you for an extra month because Monnie gave her the gate.
c. The mouth. slang.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun]
moutheOE
billa1000
munc1400
mussa1529
mouc1540
gan1567
gob1568
bouche1582
oven1593
taster1596
Pipe Office1609
neba1616
gab1681
gam1724
mouthpiece1738
potato-trap1785
potato-jaw1791
fly-trapc1795
trap1796
mouthie1801
mug1820
gin-trap1824
rattletrap1824
box1830
mouf1836
bread trap1838
puss1844
tater-trap1846
gash1852
kissing trap1854
shop1855
north and south1858
mooey1859
kisser1860
gingerbread-trap1864
bazoo1877
bake1893
tattie-trap1894
yap1900
smush1930
gate1937
cakehole1943
motormouth1976
pie hole1983
geggie1985
1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 318/1
1955 P. Wildeblood Against Law 98 Eats sweets... Unwraps them as slowly as he can, and then pops them into his gate, all gloating like.
1963 ‘A. Garve’ Sea Monks iii. 85 Macey pointed the gun at him... ‘You keep your gate shut, big boy.’
1966 B. Naughton Alfie viii. 54 Shut your big ugly gate at once.
d. [See quot. 1937, but perhaps a shortening of alligator.] A person, esp. a jazz-musician; = cat n.1 2c; frequently used as a form of address. U.S. slang.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > [noun] > jazz musician
jazzbo1917
jazzer1917
jazzist1917
jazz musician1917
jazz player1917
jazzman1919
syncopator1926
cat1932
gate1937
jitterbug1937
1937 L. Armstrong Swing that Music vii. 77 When I was a kid..they started calling me ‘Gate-mouth’... I started calling the other boys ‘Gate’ too... Then I got used to saying it and when I got into Kid Ory's band when the boys were all swinging good and hot, I would sing out, ‘Swing it, Gate’..and now ‘Gate’ is a word swing players use when they call out to one another in their own language.
1939 Collier's 8 Apr. 33/3 You've handicapped your tunes with stuff no gate wants to play.
1952 B. Ulanov Hist. Jazz in Amer. xxv. 351 (Gloss.) Gate, once (and occasionally used after the swing era) synonymous with jazz musician.
6.
a. The barrier itself; a framework of wood or iron either consisting of bars, gratings, etc., or with a solid face, turning on pivots or hinges, or sliding in a groove, and used either in a pair or singly. For five-, six-bar(red gate see five adj. and n. Compounds 1, six adj. and n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > gate
gatec1000
corner-gate1611
c1000 Ælfric Judges xvi. 3 Samson..genam þa burg~gatu and g ebær on his hricge mid þam postum.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7185 Sampson, þat was selcuth wight..bar þe yates o þe tun, And laid þam on a hei dun.
1543 in T. Wright Churchwardens' Accts. Ludlow (1869) 13 ij. hasp for the same yatt.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets lxv. sig. E2v Rocks impregnable are not so stoute, Nor gates of steele so strong but time decayes. View more context for this quotation
1735 W. Somervile Chace ii. 164 They strain to lead the Field, top the barr'd Gate, O'er the deep Ditch exulting Bound.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 45 We made up to an iron gate, through which my companion told me we were to pass.
1805 G. M'Indoe Million of Potatoes 151 The laird look'd ower the yett.
1820 W. Scott Monastery III. viii. 195 It would be an unco task to mend the yetts.
1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) vii. 61 An immense pair of gates, with an immense pair of lion-headed knockers on them.
b. A contrivance for stopping or regulating the passage of water. Cf. floodgate n., lock gate n., sluice-gate n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > gate, lock, or sluice
hatchOE
clowa1250
lock1261
water lock1261
sluice1340
water gate1390
sewer-gate1402
spay1415
floodgatec1440
shuttlec1440
spayer1450
gate1496
falling gate1524
spoye1528
gote1531
penstock1542
ventil1570
drawgate1587
flood-hatch1587
turnpike1623
slaker1664
lock gate1677
hatchway1705
flash1768
turnpike-lock1771
sluice-gate1781
pound-lock1783
stop-gate1790
buck gate1791
slacker1797
aboiteau1802
koker1814
guard-lock1815
falling sluice1819
lasher1840
fender1847
tailgate1875
weir-hatch1875
wicket1875
1496 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 153 The Costes and Expences of makyng the Gates of the Dokke aforsaid.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 275 This Canal..passes..Hills by the Help of Sluices and Gates.
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Gate, the valve which admits the water to the bucket of the Water-wheel.
c. spec. A starting-gate.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [noun] > starting or finishing mark > starting mark
score1513
starting place1570
goal1589
barrier1600
lists1601
starting post1631
scratch1772
starting line1812
mark1887
start line1908
gate1928
mobile1969
1928 Daily Mail 25 July 14/1 Drift has hitherto been a disappointment. She is bad at the gate.
1963 Sunday Mirror (Sydney) 20 Jan. 43/1 Gili.. was actually the first to hit the ground when the gates opened.
d. Cricket. The space between the bat and the batter's body; (formerly also) the wicket.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > space between bat and body
gate1851
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > equipment > [noun] > wicket
wicket1662
stick1829
timber1840
gate1851
castle1959
1851 W. Bolland Cricket Notes v. 108 His ‘Gates’ fell as flat as my hand.
1851 W. Bolland Cricket Notes v. 109 Upon the earliest appearance of the game in Ireland, the people applied the word Gate instead of Wicket.
1958 Times 17 Dec. 3/1 He [sc. the batsman] is on his way back to the pavilion bowled through the ‘gate’.
1966 E. R. Dexter Ted Dexter Declares ii. 22 If you're out, bowled through the gate.
e. A numbered entrance to the apron of an airport.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > airfield or airport > [noun] > airport > gate
arrival gate1948
gate1956
1956 J. Stroud Famous Airports of World v. 70 Each building will have one or two of these ‘fingers’ [sc. finger-like walkways] and each of these will have eight or more gates leading to the aircraft.
1969 J. Elliot Duel i. iv. 79 We're called at gate two; we might as well go over.
1971 F. Raphael Who were you with Last Night? 168 We were standing around like passengers who've had their flight called but haven't been told which gate number.
7. Payment at a toll-gate.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun] > paid at toll gate
gate1812
pike1837
péage1973
1812 P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 46 Coal..5s. 6d. a cart-load, free of gates and everything.
8. technical.
a. Locksmithing. One of the apertures in the tumblers for the passage of the stub.
ΚΠ
1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 958.
b. A frame in which a saw or set of saws is stretched to prevent buckling. U.S.
ΚΠ
1815 D. Drake Nat. & Statist. View Cincinnati iii. 145 The engine drives four saws in separate gates.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. III. at Sash-saw A mill-saw strained in a gate, or sash, as it is sometimes called, from the resemblance of its stiles and rails to the frame of a window-sash.
c. Lace Manufacturing. (See quot. 1839.)
ΚΠ
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 733 The term gauge, in the lace manufacture, means the number of gates, slits, or interstices, in one inch of the bolt-bar or comb.
d. An arrangement of slots, usually in the shape of the letter H, through which the lever of a gear-box is moved to engage different gears. Frequently attributive and in other combinations.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > cog or gear > which allows change of speed or direction > parts of
reversing lever1822
reverse lever1839
change-speed1881
reverse1882
Johnson bar1884
gate1906
synchromesh1929
hot shift1971
preselector1979
1906 Westm. Gaz. 23 Jan. 4/2 The advantage of the gate change is..its simplicity and certainty.
1906 Daily Chron. 14 Nov. 9/3 The ‘gate’ system of gear changing.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 28 May 4/2 The two motions that an ordinary gate-quadrant necessitates.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 14 Nov. 15/2 Four speeds operated through a gate.
1928 Daily Express 11 Oct. 1/2 The gear lever can be shifted through the gate at will according to the road and traffic.
1956 C. Monday Centre Lathe Work i. 29 A yoke holds B and C in contact, and is extended to form an operating handle which fits into a gate on the outside of the gearbox.
1957 S. Moss In Track of Speed xi. 137 I fumbled the five speed gear box until I got used to it. The reason for this was that the gate change was back to front to what was usual.
1967 A. Diment Dolly Dolly Spy i. 8 Only put the throttles through the gate in a dire emergency.
e. The mechanism in a cinematographic camera or projector that holds each frame momentarily behind the lens.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > projection > [noun] > apparatus for projecting films > parts of
sprocket1879
projection lens1894
cut-off1906
gate1909
claw1911
take-up1915
douser1917
sound gate1931
sound head1931
pull-down1933
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > filming equipment > [noun] > camera > parts of
sprocket1879
film magazine1906
gate1909
claw1911
take-up1915
pull-down1933
lens turret1951
turret1951
squeeze lens1957
1909 Statutory Rules & Orders 12 The film gate shall be of massive construction and provided with ample heat radiating surface.
1915 B. E. Jones Cinematogr. Bk. i. 6 The radio of speed at which the film passes the gate will be found to be 50 ft. in one minute.
1915 B. E. Jones Cinematogr. Bk. iii. 14 The function of the gate is to keep the film flat and steady during exposure.
1951 G. H. Sewell Amateur Film-making (ed. 2) iii. 22 The camera is an instrument whose function is to hold a supply of film, feed this to a position behind the lens known as the ‘gate’ of the instrument, move it intermittently past this gate, [etc.].
f. Electronics. An electrical signal that is used to trigger or control the passage of other signals in a circuit; a gate pulse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > signal > [noun] > controlling other signals
gate pulse1945
gate1946
1946 Jrnl. Appl. Physics 17 954/1 The ideal system would be to have an infinitesimal gate come right at the maximum of the rectified pulse.
1947 H. B. Abajian in J. S. Hall Radar Aids to Navig. iii. vii. 205 The timing circuits of the system..provide a rectangular pulse, called a ‘gate’, coincident in time with the desired signal to switch on a normally cutoff section of the receiver.
1959 J. F. Rider & F. D. Uslan Encycl. Cathode-Ray Oscilloscopes (ed. 2) vii. 50/2 The control of the negative gate is such that for recurrent sweeps it is periodically applied to the pentode, where it causes a longer period of tube nonconduction as compared to tube conduction.
g. Electronics. A circuit with one output and a number of inputs, the output signal of which is determined by the combination of signals applied to the inputs.
ΚΠ
1946 Electronics May 144/3 It is with the gate circuit, or switching unit, that the present discussion deals... The gate shown was simply substituted for the existing gate of the chronograph.
1948 Electronics Sept. 114/3 A gate is essentially a device having two inputs and one output... Logically the gate detects the AND concept.
1964 C. Dent Quantity Surv. by Computer iii. 23 Multiplication and division are carried out in a similar manner, circuits employing such devices as ‘gates’..and ‘flip-flops’, being used to control and hold the binary digits.
h. Electronics. The material in a unipolar transistor forming the electrodes to which the input signal is applied, corresponding to the grid of a thermionic valve.
ΚΠ
1952 W. Shockley in Proc. IRE 40 1368/1 The principles of operation of the unipolar transistor are substantially different from those of the bipolar types. For this reason, it seems appropriate to consider choosing a new set of names for the three terminals... The choice selected is ‘source’.., ‘drain’.., and ‘gate’ for the control electrodes that modulate the channel. One reason for selecting ‘gate’..is that the subscript ‘g’ is reminiscent of ‘grid’ and the analogy is close between the two.
1959 J. N. Shive Semiconductor Devices xiii. 237 The gates act like the control grid wires in that the voltage applied to the gates determines the width of the channel through which source-to-drain current may flow.
1970 D. F. Shaw Introd. Electronics (ed. 2) xii. 304 In normal operation the gate [of a field effect transistor] must always be reverse biassed with respect to source and drain.
9. University slang. plural. Perhaps: the hour fixed for return to college. ? Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1856 ‘C. Bede’ Tales College Life i. 19 That's the ticket! that will just land me in time for Gates.
10.
a. The total number of persons entering by payment at the gates, to see an athletic contest, football match, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > beholder or spectator > at sport > collectively
gate1888
gallery1891
kop1966
1888 Leeds Evening Express 10 Jan. Large football ‘gates’ are not an unusual thing in Yorkshire.
1890 Whitby Gaz. 24 Jan. 3/1 At the Hull match played on Saturday the gate was not half so large.
1894 Times 15 Sept. 6/4 They..can rely on gates of 10,000 or more at every important match they play.
b. The amount of money thus received; = gate-money n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > takings or receipts > types of
gate-money1820
box office1870
gate1891
gate receipts1914
skim money1973
1891 Daily Tel. 21 Mar. 3/2 The leading clubs are now..dependent for revenue on the ‘gates’ at the matches.
1894 Times 23 Mar. 10/2 The Middlesex executive determined to give the Whit Monday ‘gate’ to the famous Notts wicket-keeper.
11. Short for Billingsgate n., Newgate n., etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [noun] > in Britain > London > parts of
vintrya1456
steelyard1474
tower hillc1480
city1556
Bow-bell1600
row1607
gate1723
east end1742
Mayfair1754
garden1763
warren1769
west?1789
the Borough1797
west end1807
Holy Land1821
Belgravia1848
Tyburnia1848
Mesopotamia1850
South Kensington1862
Dockland1904
South Ken1933
Fitzrovia1958
square mile1966
1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 52 The Collyer Masters generally Sell their Coals at the Gate [? Billingsgate] as they call it.
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 255/2 Of very ready sale are ‘fish got from the gate’ (stolen from Billingsgate).
1877 W. H. Thomson Five Years' Penal Servitude i. 5 The ‘steel’, a slang name of the large metropolitan prisons, as the ‘gate’ is for Newgate.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
gate-bolt n.
ΚΠ
1845 R. Browning How they brought Good News in Bells & Pomegranates No. VII: Dramatic Romances & Lyrics i. 3 ‘Good speed!’ cried the watch, as the gate-bolts undrew.
gate-opener n.
ΚΠ
1826 T. Moore Mem. (1854) V. 94 I..was gate-opener to the party all the way.
gate-toll n.
ΚΠ
1892 Daily News 6 Apr. 5/4 They are known as ‘through’ or ‘gate’ tolls.
gate-tower n.
ΚΠ
1842 A. T. de Vere Song of Faith 191 And gate-towers, mouldering where the stream moans by.
1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. III. 285 Every..gate-tower in Oxford follows Wykeham's in the absence of angle-turrets..with the sole exception of Christ Church.
gate-wright n.
ΚΠ
1816 T. Parker Ess. Turnpike Gate 20 The gate-wright having planed and prepared the scantlings.
b.
† gatewise adv. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. xii. 315/1 A third stone somewhat of lesse quantitie laid gate-wise ouerthwart on their toppes.
C2.
gate-alms n. alms given by monks at the gate of a monastery.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [noun] > charitableness or alms-giving > that which is given in charity
almsOE
almosec1330
charity1362
almousc1390
pittancea1425
common dole1463
goodc1475
almoignc1480
God's penny1550
sportula1606
basket-dole1618
trencher-fee1652
basket-alms1660
sedekah1839
poke-out1874
handout1882
gate-alms1896
1896 T. Blashill Sutton-in-Holderness 56 Considerable gifts that had been settled on the monastery for the gate-alms.
gate-bill n. (at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge) a record of the times at which a man returns to college (or lodgings) after hours; also, the weekly account of fines charged against a man for staying out late.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > educational administration > university administration > [noun] > accounts
buttery book1583
battel1706
gate-bill1803
society > education > educational administration > university administration > [noun] > confinement to college grounds > record of
gate-bill1803
1803 Gradus ad Cantab. (1824) 128 To avoid gate-bills he will be out at night as late as he pleases..climb over the College walls, and fee his Gyp well.
1853 ‘C. Bede’ Adventures Mr. Verdant Green xi. 104 Our freshman became aware of the mysteries of a gate-bill.
gate-boot n. (see quot. 1877 and cf. boot n.1 5b).
ΚΠ
1716 in E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (at cited word) To have, perceive, and take..sufficient houseboot, hedge~boot..Gateboot, and Stakeboot.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Gateboot, the right of cutting wood for making gates.
gate-chamber n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 959/1 Gate-chamber (Hydraulic Engineering), a recess in the side wall of a canal-lock, which receives the opened gate, so that it shall not project into the lock-chamber.
gate-cheek n. = cheek n. 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > gate > gate-post
postela1225
gate-cheek1513
gatepost1522
shaft1522
post1662
pier1665
impost1730
clapping-post1792
hanging-post1792
heel post1802
hanging-stile1823
stay1869
shutting posta1877
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. xi. 52 Strang ȝet~cheikis of weirfayr and battale Straik dovne.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 28 He lodgis in Androw Hammiltouns at the yet cheik.
gate circuit n. = sense 8g.
ΚΠ
1945 Electronics Dec. 135/1 The timing circuit is controlled by the counter and its associated gate circuit.
gate city n. U.S. a city placed at the entrance to a district; spec. (with capital initials) applied to Atlanta, Keokuk, Kansas City, etc.
ΚΠ
1859 Ladies' Repository 19 51/2 Keokuk, Iowa, is the ‘Gate City’—a translation, I believe, of its Indian name.
1865 Atlanta Daily Intelligencer 1 Oct. 2/1 Atlanta, the ‘Gate City’ of the South.
1871 S. de Vere Americanisms (1872) 663 Keokuk, in Iowa,..is..poetically called Gate City, since here opens to navigation the largest river of the Union.
1887 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 8 May 9/16 He enters the new South through the gate city. Louisville is to the South what Chicago is to the Northwest.
1894 Congr. Rec. 8384/2 In the front, where..the enterprising citizens of Atlanta have put that beautiful ‘gate city’ of the South.
1909 ‘O. Henry’ Roads of Destiny xxi. 348 In the Gate City of the South the Confederate Veterans were reuniting.
gate-fine n. (at a university) a fine imposed for failing to be within the College gates by a certain hour.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > for breach of college rules
sconce1650
gate-fine1898
gate-money1961
1898 Chambers's Dict. 377/2 Gate-fine, the fine imposed for disobedience to such orders.
gatefold n. ‘a folded insert (as a map) in a book or other publication larger in some dimension than the page’ (1961 Webster); (also) a similar piece of folded paper or other material.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > leaves or pages of book > [noun] > page > large page folded to fit book
throw-out1953
fold-out1961
gatefold1963
1963 Nation 4 May 18/1 They were even less real than the gatefold girls in ‘Playboy’.
1963 ‘E. McBain’ Ten Plus One (1964) ii. 19 There were seventy dollars in cash in the wallet... Carella found the photographs in the gatefold.
1965 Spectator 5 Mar. 308/3 The Consumer Council's eight-page gatefold leaflet on ‘How to say “No” to a doorstep salesman’.
1968 Punch 6 Mar. 325/2 I don't think we are in danger of seeing a Modigliani in the gatefold pin-up section of Playboy.
gate-head n. = gateway n.1
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > a barrier > [noun] > gate > frame in which gate is hung
gate-head1718
gateway1782
1718 F. Hutchinson Hist. Ess. conc. Witchcraft viii. 115 That Cart was set fast in a Gate-head, though it did not touch the Posts.
gate-hook n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Thimble, the boll of a gate-hook on which the gate turns. Staff.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 959/1 Gate-hook, a gate-hook is that part of a gate-hinge which is driven into the post and sustains the leaf attached to the gate.
gate-leg adj. designating a table with a leg or legs set in a gate-like frame which may be swung back to allow the leaves to be shut down.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [adjective] > type of table
piecrust table1902
gate-leg1905
tile-top1907
tile-topped1931
flip-top1956
1905 A. Hayden Chats on Old Furnit. 25 Gate-leg table. This term is self-explanatory. The legs of this class of table open like a gate. They belong to Jacobean days and are sometimes spoken of as Cromwellian tables.
1924 ‘J. Sutherland’ Circle of Stars viii. 64 An oak gate-leg table holding books and flowers.
1962 Williamsburg Reproductions Catal. 6/2 Among the most admired furnishings in the Governor's Palace is the oval gate-leg table in the supper room.
gate-legged adj. = gate-leg adj.
ΚΠ
1903 Connoisseur V. xix (advt.) Oak gate-legged table.
1919 W. Deeping Second Youth iii. 28 A gate-legged table in the hall.
1971 D. Francis Bonecrack i. 13 The furniture..consisted of an uninspiring three piece suite.., a gate-legged table, a standard lamp.
gate-lodge n. a lodge (lodge n. 3) at the gate of the grounds belonging to a mansion, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house in specific situation > lodgehouse or gatehouse
gatehousec1380
porter's lodge1471
lodge1504
gate-room1702
gate-lodge1922
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvii. [Ithaca] 665 A baronial hall with gatelodge and carriage drive.
1938 L. MacNeice Earth Compels 8 A Yorkshire terrier ran in and out by the gate-lodge.
gate-man n. (also gates-man) a gatekeeper, esp. at level crossings on railways.
ΚΠ
1796 M. Robinson Angelina I. 32 ‘Here's health and prosperity to all’, said the old gate-man.
1870 Daily News 19 Dec. Notwithstanding the efforts of the gate-man, the fellow succeeded in getting his horse and cart upon the line.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 27 Dec. 4/1 The gate-men..do not open their gates until the train has completely stopped.
gate-meeting n. a race or athletic meeting to which admission is given on payment at the gate.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > athletics > [noun] > meeting
gate-meeting1881
1881 Daily News 14 July 5/3 Few of these athletes care to compete at gate-meetings.
gate-money n. (a) money paid at the gates for admission to an athletic meeting, etc.; also transferred; (b) money charged on a gate-bill.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > takings or receipts > types of
gate-money1820
box office1870
gate1891
gate receipts1914
skim money1973
society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > for breach of college rules
sconce1650
gate-fine1898
gate-money1961
1820 Sporting Mag. 6 190 Some demur took place respecting the division of what is termed the gate money.
1887 Times 20 Sept. 9 We do not know exactly what control those who pocket the gate-money have over the performers.
1889 G. B. Shaw in Star 17 May 4/2 A host of strangers who never did and never will contribute a farthing to the gate money upon which music depends for her living.
1920 Hibbert Jrnl. July 715 Now that paintings may only be seen behind barriers by paying gate-money, there is ‘no demand for that sort of thing’.
1961 E. Williams George xix. 302 After..9.20 nobody's allowed out, and if we are out already, on our battels—our bills—we're charged gate-money, so much every half-hour, mounting till 12.20.
gate-net n. a net hung loosely across a gateway, for the purpose of catching hares driven at night; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > equipment > trap or snare > [noun] > net > net for rabbits or hares
purse net1388
hay1389
hay-netc1440
gate-net1605
flan1801
field net1814
purse1893
1605–6 Act 3 James I c. 13 §4 in Statutes of Realm (1963) IV. ii. 1089 Such Guns Bowes Crosbowes Buckstalles or Engine, Hayes Gatenets Pursnets Ferrets and Conny Dogges.
1892 Athenæum 4 June 723/2 He was..engaged in night poaching for hares with lurchers and gate-nets.
1892 Autobiog. Eng. Gamekeeper (J. Wilkins) 239 They poked their gate net stick into the ditch, and I felt it scrape over my legs.
gate-netting n. (also present participle).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting specific animals > [noun] > hares
hare-coursing1840
gate-netting1892
1892 Autobiog. Eng. Gamekeeper (J. Wilkins) 222 A great dodge in poaching used to be gate netting. A hare on the prowl, started off a field when feeding, generally makes for the gate-run—that is to say, leaves the field by means of the gate—and, for this reason, one of the oldest methods of poaching is gate snaring or netting.
1892 Autobiog. Eng. Gamekeeper (J. Wilkins) 224 They do not stop to touch the gate netting.
1892 Autobiog. Eng. Gamekeeper (J. Wilkins) 250 When we caught two men gate netting at Gravel-Pits field.
gate-penny n. ‘a tribute paid by the customary tenants for leave to pass through one or more of their lord's gates’ (Cassell).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun]
through-toll1228
passagea1325
pedagea1382
peage1448
podagea1450
passage money1474
thorough toll1567
toll traverse1567
rahdar1623
rahdari1627
gate-penny1693
rahdarage1698
passage-gelt1712
traverse1754
likin1862
1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 691 He ends this Treatise with an Enumeration of the Quit-rents formerly paid out of the Weald, as Gavel-swine, Scot-ale, Pannage, Gate-penny.
gate pulse n. Electronics a pulse that allows a gate circuit to pass a signal; = sense 8f.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > signal > [noun] > controlling other signals
gate pulse1945
gate1946
1945 Electronics Dec. 136/2 Upon firing the first round, the final trigger circuit shifts its state of equilibrium, initiating a negative gate pulse.
1948 Woodward & Williams in J. A. Pierce et al. Loran ii. vii. 227 The gate-pulse mixer is a double-triode coincidence mixer.
gate receipts n. = gate-money n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > takings or receipts > types of
gate-money1820
box office1870
gate1891
gate receipts1914
skim money1973
1914 G. V. Hobart Boobs v. 80 He..proceeded to cover the gate receipts with eager mitts.
1959 Daily Tel. 27 June 1/7 He now expected the crowd to reach 35,000 and gate receipts £178,500.
† gate-room n. Obsolete a lodge at the gate of an estate.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > house in specific situation > lodgehouse or gatehouse
gatehousec1380
porter's lodge1471
lodge1504
gate-room1702
gate-lodge1922
1702 London Gaz. No. 3825/4 Two Copy-hold Estates, with a good House, Garden, and..Gate-rooms.
gate-saw n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 959/2 Gate-saw, a mill-saw which is strained in a gate or sash to prevent buckling.
1879 Lumberman's Gaz. 15 Oct. This was an improvement over the gate saw, almost as great as was the gate.
† gate-stang n. Obsolete (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bonde, the yate-stang, or beame thats pulled vp, when a mill is to be set agate.
gate-stead n. a gate-way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening which may be passed through > gate or gateway
gate778
gate-stead1610
port of entry1714
gateway1782
1610 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1884) I. 201 For not making a sufficient Yate stead being a common way in a place called Hurwood Yate.
1891 J. C. Atkinson Forty Years Moorland Parish 65 (note) A brig-stone is a kind of rough conduit for water across a gate-stead.
gate-table n. a gate-leg table.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > table with leaf or flap
folded table1504
leaf table1570
Pembroke1778
fly-table1785
flap table1833
Sutherland table1879
gate-table1904
1904 Daily Chron. 4 Feb. 8/1 Choose a gate table in preference to any other, since after meals are over it is but a small matter to fold this and place it at one side.
1906 Mag. Fine Arts Apr. 443 Spiral-legged Gate-table.
gate-valve n. a valve in which a sliding part controls the extent of the aperture.
ΚΠ
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 394/2 Jenkin's gate valve has a disk of compressible packing held to its seat by a wedge-shaped follower.
1958 Engineering 11 Apr. 469/1 Hydraulically-actuated wedge gate valves..have successfully met the rigorous specification.
gate-vein n. the Vena portae (obsolete exc. figurative).
ΚΠ
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 99 The vpper branches which wee call the roots of the Gate-veine..are disseminated through the hollow part of the Liuer.
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 161 Hee could not endure to haue Trade sicke, nor any obstruction to continue in the Gate-vaine which disperseth that bloud.
1840 R. Browning Sordello i. 264 He, Gate-vein of this heart's blood of Lombardy..is thine.
gate-wheel n. a wheel operating the gates protecting a level crossing.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > gate > wheel to operate
gate-wheel1903
1903 Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engineers 32 620 In all cases where the gates and signals are worked from one point the gate-wheel is interlocked with the signal levers.
gate-works n. fortifications at the gate of a town, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [noun] > works at gate
gate-works1808
1808 W. Scott Marmion vi. xi. 318 Gate-works, and walls, were strongly manned.

Draft additions September 2013

Science Fiction. A portal or device through which a being, spaceship, etc., may be (instantaneously) transported to another point in space or time, or into another dimension.
ΚΠ
1931 J. Williamson in Wonder Stories May 1408/1 The purple circle that came in front of the plane looked just like that... We have seen the gate to our world opened again.
1948 J. Blish in Planet Stories Fall 77/2 Each of the gates seems to open upon one single specific instant.
1995 A. Thomson Color of Distance (1999) xxxi. 453 There's not much to do up here except keep the ship ticking over until the supply ship comes through the gate.
2006 N. Asher Polity Agent Prol. 14 Shutting down such a link resulted in all the absorbed energy exploding from one gate..in the form of a blast wave of subatomic particles forced from the quantum foam.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

gaten.2

Brit. /ɡeɪt/, U.S. /ɡeɪt/, Scottish English /ɡet/
Forms: α. Middle English– gate, (Middle English gatt(e, gat). β. Middle English–1600s gaite, gayte, Middle English, 1700s Scottish get(e, 1700s Scottish gaet, 1800s dialect geeat. See also gait n.1
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse gata.
Etymology: < Old Norse gata, weak feminine (Swedish gata, Danish gade) = Old High German gaz̧z̧a (Middle High German gaz̧z̧e, modern German gasse lane, whence early modern Dutch gasse, now dialect gas), Gothic gatwô < Old Germanic *gatwôn-. As to the ulterior etymology nothing has been ascertained. Connection with the root of get v. has been supposed for this as for gate n.1; some have assumed a root *ghad meaning ‘to go’, on the ground of the Old Irish dia n-gaidh he went. The spelling gait (gayte ) first appears in the 15th cent., but was almost confined to Scots and northern writers until the beginning of the 17th cent. It remains in the only sense of the word which is current in literary English: see gait n.1 (A supposed example of this spelling has been found in the Cotton MS. of the Cursor Mundi, line 15278; but this is probably a mistake: see gate n.3)
Now only Scottish and northern dialect.
I. A way.
1.
a. A way, road, or path.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > [noun]
streetOE
wayOE
gatec1175
roda1231
roddin1502
fare1509
highpad1567
pad1567
road1581
chimin1613
ribbon1923
α.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 12749 An off þa tweȝȝenn. Þatt comenn till þe laferrd crist Þær he bi gate ȝede.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1801 On þe gate we mette of þyne stronge þeues seuene.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8960 Þar þis tre lai in hir gatt.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 5820 Þai lete þair oxen in þe gate A while standdand rest.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) v. 425 Thay maid ane mine undir the erde, to mak ane gate be quhilk thay micht cum to the castell of Veos.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A4v Wisedome warnes, whilest foot is in the gate, To stay the steppe.
β. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Fox, Wolf, & Cadger l. 2173 in Poems (1981) 83 Quhair he in lenth lay streikit in the gait.1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 83 Quhat freik befoir thame in thair gait tha fand, Tha gart him lig rycht law vponn the land.1573 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlii. 982 A lytill Eist the bra, Quhair that our gaittis partit in twa.
b. figurative.
ΚΠ
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 395 Of alle my Ioy þe hyȝe gate Hit is in grounde of alle my blysse.
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 378 For greid of geir, and warldly graith, On baith the gaitis he grundis his fayth.
c. (to find, lose, ask, etc. one's) way.
ΚΠ
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 35 That he be right ware..That he mistake not his gate.
c1440 Bone Flor. 149 Evyr Speryng ther gatys gane Unto the Cyte of Rome.
1763 ‘T. Bobbin’ Toy-shop (new ed.) 30 I mawkint, an lost meh Gete ogen snap.
2. Phrases. to come, gang, go, ride a, the, his, her, etc. gate: see gang v.1 and go v. to take (the) gate: to take the road, go away; to follow a path or course. †to be in gate to: to be on the way to, be bound for. †to give gate to: to give a road to, make way for. †to go to the gate: to get into the current (of destruction), go to wrack. †to grant the gate: to give leave to go. †to hold the gate: to hold on one's way, hence, to prosper. †to put by the gate, to put (lay, etc.) out of the gate: to put out of the way. this (that) gate: used adverbially = this (that) way, in this (that) direction. some, any gate: somewhere, anywhere.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)]
thinkeOE
bowa1000
seta1000
scritheOE
minlOE
turnc1175
to wend one's wayc1225
ettlec1275
hieldc1275
standc1300
to take (the) gatec1330
bear?c1335
applyc1384
aim?a1400
bend1399
hita1400
straighta1400
bounc1400
intendc1425
purposec1425
appliquec1440
stevenc1440
shape1480
make1488
steera1500
course1555
to make out1558
to make in1575
to make for ——a1593
to make forth1594
plyc1595
trend1618
tour1768
to lie up1779
head1817
loop1898
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (intransitive)] > be destroyed, ruined, or come to an end
losec888
fallOE
forlesea1225
perishc1275
spilla1300
to go to wreche13..
to go to the gatec1330
to go to lostc1374
miscarryc1387
quenchc1390
to bring unto, to fall into, to go, put, or work to wrakea1400
mischieve?a1400
tinea1400
to go to the devilc1405
bursta1450
untwindc1460
to make shipwreck1526
to go to (the) pot1531
to go to wreck (and ruin)a1547
wrake1570
wracka1586
to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587
to lie in the dusta1591
mischief1598
to go (etc.) to rack (and ruin)1599
shipwreck1607
suffera1616
unravel1643
to fall off1684
tip (over) the perch1699
to do away with1769
to go to the dickens1833
collapse1838
to come (also go) a mucker1851
mucker1862
to go up1864
to go to squash1889
to go (to) stramash1910
to go for a burton1941
to meet one's Makera1978
society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > permit [verb (intransitive)] > give leave to go
to grant the gatec1330
society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out
forthfarec888
foundOE
seta1000
to go forthOE
to fare forthc1200
partc1230
to pass forthc1325
to take (the) gatec1330
to take the wayc1330
to take one's waya1375
puta1382
treunt?a1400
movec1400
depart1490
prepare?1518
to set forth1530
to set forward(s)1530
busklea1535
to make out1558
to take forth1568
to set out1583
sally1590
start1591
to go off1600
to put forth1604
to start outa1626
intend1646
to take the road1720
to take one's foot in one's hand1755
to set off1774
to get off1778
to set away1817
to take out1855
to haul out1866
to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873
to hit, split or take the breeze1910
hop1922
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > open by freeing of obstruction > open the way for something
to make waya1200
to give gate toc1330
to open a door to or for1670
to open out1789
society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > be bound for or head for
drawc1275
to-hieldc1275
roama1375
pretend1481
pursue1488
to make forth1508
to be in gate to1548
to make to ——a1568
to make unto ——1593
to be for1606
to set one's face for (from, to, towards)1611
steer1667
head1880
hit1889
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss > put out of the way
to put by the gate1596
to put (lay, etc.) out of the gate1637
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > [noun] > the Turkish government
Portec1440
the gate of the great Turk1572
to come a gate?a1600
α.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2091 Þe duerwe toke þe gate.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6262 In þe see his wand he smat, It claue, and gaue þam redi gat.
c1426 J. Audelay Poems (1931) 13 Þat haþ goon gatis vngayne.
c1440 York Myst. xxx. 230 Here, ye gomes, gose a rome, giffe vs gate, We muste steppe to yone sterne of a-state.
c1440 York Myst. xxx. 446 He graunte hym his gates for to gone.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 577 Ilk man a syndri gat is gane.
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 679 Owt of the watyr he toke the gate.
a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) cv. 39 [Cato] That with his dethe dyd skape out off the gate.
1548 T. Key tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Mark vi. 6–9 in N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. If he did take vitayle, and a good summe of money with him, being in gate to the sandes of Afrike or to summe nation where as there is no gentile entertaynment..of straungers [L. ad Libycas harenas aut inhospitalem gentem profecturus].
1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. ix. f. 22/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I After this confluence, it [sc. the Test] taketh the gate to Kimb bridge.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Epil. Goe, little Calender! thou hast a free passeporte; Goe but a lowly gate amongst the meaner sorte.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 192 The tyran Romack was put by the gate.
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 374 To Londoun Lowrie tuke the geat.
1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1848) cxxxiii. 249 It is only best that ye set yourself apart, as a thing laid up and out of the gate, for Christ alone.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 144 Ilk ane of the rest went a sindrie get.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 297 Monro took get to Strathbogie.
a1693 M. Bruce Good News in Evil Times (1708) 9 Ye will go to the Gate, few or none of you shall be left.
a1693 M. Bruce Soul-confirmation (1709) 22 Hold ay your Shoes on your Feet, and in God's Name I promise you ye shall hade the gate, fail who will.
1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 75 Crashing ice, borne on the roaring speat, Sweeps dams, an' mills, an' brigs, a' to the gate.
a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1846) 55 I truly hate the dirty gate That mony a body taks.
1872 C. Gibbon For King i Come this gate.
1889 J. M. Barrie Window in Thrums xix. 183 A notion 'at I had put it some gait.
1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona i. 12 Ye're no likely to gang far this gate.
β. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 250 Thai left him swa and furth thar gait can gang.1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. cii The king grantit ye gait to schir gawane And prayt to ye grete god to grant him his grace.1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 574 He tuke the gait towart Candalia.1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus iv. f. 61 He is gane ane vther gait.a1637 B. Jonson Sad Shepherd ii. iii. 20 in Wks. (1640) III (False Gelden) gang thy gait And du thy turnes, betimes. View more context for this quotation1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence iii. 99 They went a Gate of their own.1793 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 767 Gae back the gait ye cam again.1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South II. iii. 22 To keep me from going what gait I choose.1855 J. L. Motley Rise Dutch Republic I. ii. v. 445 The man..described himself to Granvelle as one who went his own gait.1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 38 It is now time for us to ‘tak' the gait’ again.
3. Length of way, distance. Chiefly in adverbial phrases. half-gate n. half-way. Obsolete exc. Scottish.
ΚΠ
c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Ciijv Schort gait fra thir Ilis is Iona.
a1586 Peblis to Play in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS (1919) I. 177 Thay had nocht gang half of þe gait quhen the madinis come vpon þame.
1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 325 With earnest eye I can espye, the fruit betwix me and the skye, halfe gaite almaist to hevin.
?1795 H. Macneill Scotland's Scaith 14 Hame's now scarce a mile o' gait.
4. A street. Frequent in street-names of northern and midland towns (e.g. York, Nottingham, Leicester); as Gallowgate, Kirkgate, Micklegate, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > street > [noun]
streetOE
rewa1350
gate1488
gate-row1598
calle1611
drive1799
drag1851
drum1851
plate of meat1857
stem1914
α.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 764 A nothir sone apon the hed strak he Quhill chaftis and cheyk [v.r. cheik] vpon the gait can fle.
1571 in P. F. Tytler Hist. Scotl. (1864) III. 341 (note) He came running down the gate.
1607–8 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1884) I. Will. Kidd of Kirby Moreside for keeping disorder in the towne-gate.
1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. Gate, a street or road.
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Geeat, a course, street or thoroughfare.
β. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 176 The worthi Scottis the gait left at the last.a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 207 Than rynis thow doun the gait with gild of boyis, And all the toun tykis hingand in thy heilis.1570 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 197 The sande pytt in the towne gait at Langnewton.?1590–1 J. Burel Discription Queens Entry Edinb. in Poems sig. L2v All curious pastimes and consaits..Wes to be sene on Edinburgh gaits.1609 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1884) I. 171 The highe wayes throughe the town gayt in Morton upon Swayle, being the Kinges heigh street.1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 330 Gait, street; as west-gait, castle-gait, the town-gait, the gait-door.
5. Mining. (See quot. 1881.)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > passage
gate1747
road1770
gangway1778
gateway1786
bolt-hole1839
trumpeting1839
travelling road1851
slope1863
spout-road1882
1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Giijb The Distance between the Nogs is the width of the Gate within the Timber.
1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 47 The miners have driven a gate across under the river.
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 137 Gate..a road or way underground for air, water, or general passage.
II. Act of going.
†6.
a. A going, journey, course. literal and figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun]
forec900
wayOE
farec1000
sitheOE
gangOE
journey?c1225
gatea1300
pilgrimagec1300
voyage1338
wending1340
raik?c1350
turna1400
repairc1425
went1430
reisea1450
progressionc1450
progressa1460
race1513
peregrination1548
travel1559
passance1580
dogtrot1856
trek1895
ulendo1921
society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > [noun]
lodeOE
wayOE
gatea1300
tracea1300
raik?c1350
coursec1380
coursec1380
racec1390
line1426
fairwayc1440
tradec1480
voye1541
tract1555
track1565
career?1614
α.
a1300 E.E. Psalter i. 6 Gate of wicked for-worth sal ai.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xvii. 40 Þou made brade my gatis vndire me.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 241 Peter the apostel parceyued his gate, And..wel hym knewe.
c1450 Bidding Prayer in Lay Folks Mass Bk. 69 We sall pray also for all trewe pilgrams..þat god of his gudenes graunt þame parte of our gode prayers & us of þare gode gates.
a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 201 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 305 To sayntis yf þou þy gate hase hyȝt, Thou schalle fulfylle hit with alle þy myȝt.
a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Bi But they [sc. the serpents] with gate direct to Lacon ran.
c1565 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1728) 42 Coming forward with a great army for the king's support, his gate was overset by Alexander, earl of Crawford.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 102 So graunt the goddes..my shippe and me good gate.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. (1609) xxi. xxxvi. 413 That snow, being once within the gate of so many people and beasts upon it [L. tot hominum jumentorumque incessu], fretted and thawed.
1612 W. Parkes Curtaine-drawer 21 Euen like this Cedar in times gate Ile bring, Both him and such to fatall ruining.
1631 Earl of Manchester Contemplatio Mortis 62 Death..thou art..swifter in thy gate then the Row or Hinde.
†b. Of a bird, esp. a hawk: Flight. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > flight > [noun]
gate1340
voyage1667
volation1755
the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > hawk > flight
gate1340
point1595
train1616
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7076 Als foghel fleghand in þe ayre als wynd, Of whase gate men may na trace fynd.
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 150 Get your hawke to a good gate, aboue the fowle.
1611 G. Markham Countrey Contentm. (1668) i. v. 32 When she [a hawk] is at the height of her gate.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion i. 2 My verse with wings of skill may flie a loftie gate.
1674 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation ii. 117 When a high-flying Hawk, being whistled to, gathers upwards to a great Gate, you must continue her therein.
†c. gate-down: going down, setting (of the sun, etc.). at the gate-down: ready to tumble down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sun > solar movement > [noun] > setting
sunsetOE
going downa1382
downhielda1400
downfalling1422
downgate1440
gate-downc1440
sunsetting1440
going under1490
occasionc1540
going to1581
setting sun1591
set of day1623
earthrise1918
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 188/2 Gate downe, descensus.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 188/2 Gate downe, or downe gate of þe sunne, or any oþer planete, occasus.
c1475 Reg. Crabhouse Nunnery in Norfolk Archaeol. (1892) 11 61 The dortoure..was at so grete mischeef and, at the gate-downe the Prioresse..took it downe for drede of more harmys.
†d. figurative. Proceeding. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun]
progressionc1385
proceeding?c1425
progressc1443
proceedc1450
procession1585
gate1604
procedure1640
foreholda1642
process1642
promotion1649
sailing1827
sledding1839
on-go1870
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 31 We haue heere writ To Norway Vncle of young Fortinbrasse Who impotent and bedred scarcely heares Of this his Nephewes purpose; to suppresse His further gate heerein. View more context for this quotation
7.
a. Manner of going. Obsolete except in specific applications, for which see gait n.1
ΚΠ
a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxiv. ix. 165 in Wks. (1640) III She had a mind as calme, as she was faire; Not tost or troubled with light Lady-aire; But, kept an even gate.
1735 W. Somervile Chace ii. 172 Huntsman! her Gait observe, if in wide Rings She wheel her mazy Way.
†b. Hunting. Length of stride (of a deer) as shown by his footmarks. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > thing hunted or game > [noun] > track
righta1425
view?1516
persue1530
abature1575
blemish1575
foil1575
marks1575
entry1627
gate1677
file1815
stain1832
1677 N. Cox Gentleman's Recreation (ed. 2) i. 17 When Huntsmen..finde a Hart by the Slot, &c. and then minde his step to know whether he is great..,they then say, they know him by his Gate.
1706 in Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.)
8. A right to run or pasturage for a cow, horse, etc.: (a) on a common field, representing a share of the joint ownership in the field; (b) on private ground (let for an annual rent). Also beast-gate, cattle-gate, cow-gate etc. Cf. gang n. 4c (In northern and north-midlands English dialects.)
ΚΠ
α.
1606 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1889) IV. 281 The East Steyner shall go to 10 men att 3 kyne gate a peice att xiiij. li. rent.
1613 Court Rolls of Manor of Hibbaldstow in Archaeol. Jrnl. (1887) 44 285 That none shal lett any gates in the Inges but to those that haue gates of ther awne.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 125 Aboute a weeke afore St Hellen day..wee beginne to inquire and listen after gates for our younge beasts.
1665 MS. Grassmens Bk. St. Giles', Durham Resaved for 2 gates .00. 02. 08.
1769 Atwick Inclos. Act 2 Certain cattle gates, or pasture for cattle there.
1804 Hull Advertiser 4 Feb. 2/3 Six gates or common rights on a common called Wilfholme.
β. 1586 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 207 To my sister Swinburne's children the grasse or gaite of one milke-cowe.1846 Award, Apportionm. Tithes, Carnforth, Lancs. 31 Dec. Four Gaits and one Claw in Bolton Highfield.1887 York Herald 16 Apr. 2/1 The Gaits to be paid for before the animals are taken away.1890 Westmorland Gaz. 8 Nov. 4/2 To be let..Twelve Sheep Gaits on Appletree Fell.
III. Way, manner, method.
9.
a. Way, manner, or method of doing or behaving; a peculiar habit. †at no gate: nowise. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [noun]
wayeOE
costOE
wise971
gatec1175
custc1275
form1297
guise13..
mannerc1300
kindc1330
assizea1375
plighta1393
makea1400
fashionc1400
reason?c1400
method1526
voye1541
how1551
way1563
garb1600
quality1600
mould1603
quomodo1623
modus1648
mode1649
turn1825
road1855
gait1866
methodology1932
stylee1982
the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun]
i-wunec888
wise971
gatec1175
lawc1175
manners?c1225
wone?c1225
usec1325
hauntc1330
use1340
rotec1350
consuetude1382
customancea1393
usancea1393
practicc1395
guisea1400
usagea1400
wonta1400
spacec1400
accustomancec1405
customheada1425
urec1425
wontsomenessc1425
accustomc1440
wonningc1440
practice1502
habitudec1598
habiture1598
habit1605
wonting1665
α.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 12320 Whatt gate he wann eue & adam Þurrh þise þrinne wæpenn.
c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian 825 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 328 Þai var richt besy ay aboute to fynd sum get hyme to grewe.
a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Fox & Wolf l. 697 in Poems (1981) 30 To the tod this gait the volf couth mele.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxii. sig. h.ii Thefte, murthur, robry, were founde at no gate.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 2239 Let oure gate be so gouernet, þat no grem folow.
1633 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 105 I have gotten now..the gate to open the slote [etc.].
a1693 M. Bruce Good News in Evil Times (1708) 2 They that are Faithful to Him will not want a Word, one Gate or another.
a1693 M. Bruce Good News in Evil Times (1708) 30 I love not to be called Singular, and make a World's-wonder of that gate.
1786 R. Burns Poems 64 An' may they never learn the gaets, Of ither vile, wanrestfu' Pets!
1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. vi. 127 Dinna speak that gate o' the gentlemen volunteers.
1838 A. Rodger in Whistle-Binkie 1st Ser. (ed. 2) 25 That's never the gate wi' blythe Jamie M'Nab.
β. 1793 R. Burns Let. Sept. (2003) II. 253 Ilka man wears his belt his ain gate.1808 E. Hamilton Cottagers of Glenburnie xiii. 259 Aye, says she, we have new gaits now.a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1846) 42 I smile at your low trifling gaits, And could heartily lend you my prayers.1834 F. Marryat Jacob Faithful I. xi. 202 Tom, Tom, I'll cut you into pork pieces, if you go on that gait.1862 J. R. Wise New Forest 282 When a person has done anything foolish he says, ‘this is a gait I have got’.1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Gait, any peculiar habit, such as a nervous twitching of the face; any antic or grimace performed habitually.
Categories »
b. In combination with certain adjectives and adverbs, often with adverbial genitive ending -s, as any gate(s. Also algate adv., anothergates adj., howgate adv., many gate adv., many gates adv., no-gate adv., no-gates adv., none-gate adv., none-gates adv., othergate adv. and adj., othergates adv. and adj., sogate adv., sogates adv., thus-gate adv., thus-gates adv., for which see those words.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.
† gate-door n. Obsolete a street door.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of door > [noun] > other types of door
hall-doorc1275
falling doorc1300
stable doorc1330
vice-door1354
hecka1400
lodge-doorc1400
street door1465
gate-doora1500
portal1516
backdoor1530
portal door1532
side door1535
by-door1542
outer door1548
postern door1551
house door1565
fore-door1581
way-door1597
leaf door1600
folding door1611
clap-door1625
balcony-door1635
out-door1646
anteportc1660
screen door1668
frontish-door1703
posticum1704
side entrance1724
sash-door1726
Venetian door1731
oak1780
jib-door1800
trellis?c1800
sporting door1824
ledge-door1825
through door1827
bivalves1832
swing-door1833
tradesmen's entrance1838
ledged door1851
tradesmen's door?1851
fire door1876
storm door1878
shoji1880
fire door1889
Dutch door1890
patio door1900
stable door1900
ledge(d) and brace(d) door1901
suicide door1925
louvre door1953
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 140 Go spar The gaytt-doore.
gate-end n. Coal Mining (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1891 Labour Commission Gloss. Gate-end, in the case of long-wall workings the end (nearest to the face of the coal) of the branch roadway leading from the main road to the coal face where the miners work.
† gate-going n. Obsolete wayfaring.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > [noun]
yongc950
gangOE
goinga1250
walka1300
journeyingc1330
travela1400
progressionc1450
wayfarec1450
travelling1489
wayfaring1536
gate-going?1555
thorough-faring?1575
faring1594
fidging1604
voyaging1611
voyage1626
winning1651
locomotion1759
itinerating1770
passing1821
trekking1850
trooping1888
?1555 J. Bradford Exhort. carienge Chrystes Crosse xii. 135 Then came vp visions, miracles, dead spirites, walkynge and talkynge how they myghte bee releued by thys masse, by that pylgremage gate goynge.
† gate-law n. Obsolete right of way; toll or rent paid for this (cf. wayleave n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > right of way
gate-lawa1642
way1653
right of way1765
carriageway1790
right of ramblage1887
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for privilege > [noun] > of permission to pass over another's property
wayleave1427
wayhire1748
gate-law1769
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 20 Such as are forced to goe to other townes for wante of water att hoame pay oftentimes ijd. a score for gate-lawe.
1769 Hutton Cranswick Enclos. Act 9 Money..paid..as and for a toll or gate law.
gate-leave n. = gate-law n.
ΚΠ
1325 Charter penes W. Greenwell (1897) Le dit Johan et ses heires..trouerunt Gateleue et Rivage pour touz les carbouns.
gate-lips n. Coal Mining (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1891 Labour Commission Gloss. Gate-lips, the roof of the gate-end, that is, the place where the roof ceases to have been made high enough for horses to work in or the entrance to the face, divided from the gate-end by the ‘ripping’.
gate-road n. Coal Mining = gateway n.2
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > passage > other passages in coal-mine
head1486
room1670
headway1708
breast-hee1850
gate-road1860
stall gate1883
1860 R. Hunt Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) III. 955 A ‘gate-road’ or horse-way is next driven in the bottom of the coal.
1897 Daily News 23 Apr. 3/1 Lord Dudley reserved a right to drive gate-roads through the coal.
† gate-row n. Obsolete a street.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > street > [noun]
streetOE
rewa1350
gate1488
gate-row1598
calle1611
drive1799
drag1851
drum1851
plate of meat1857
stem1914
1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Andria i. i, in Terence in Eng. 9 A certaine woman..came..to dwell here in our neighbourhood or gaterow.
† gates-man n. Obsolete one employed in a coal-pit to make the passages.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > coal-miner > other specific coal-mine workers
gates-mana1649
getter1688
coal washer1859
gasman1876
spragger?1881
stoneman1883
thin-miner1892
shotman1905
shiftsman1921
strapper1921
Bevin boy1944
pit yacker1961
a1649 Sc. Acts Chas. I (1870) V. 419/2 Gaitesmen, who workes þe wayes and passages in þe saidis hewghes ar als necessar to þe owneres..as þe coall-hewers.
Categories »
† gate-trip n. Obsolete (see gait n.1 Compounds).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† gaten.3

Forms: Also Middle English gait, Middle English gayte.
Etymology: apparently < Old French gait, gaite, noun of action < gaiter to watch.The other Cursor Mundi texts have gate and weye , showing that the scribes interpreted the word as gate n.2, but the spelling ai for a seems unexampled at so early a date, and the sense of ‘ambush’ seems to be required.
Obsolete. rare.
? The action of watching or lying in wait; a watch; an ambush.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > hostile lying in wait
awaitingc1380
awaita1387
gatea1400
awatch1519
wait1533
forelaying1600
waylaying1611
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15278 Þat i ha luued, he sal me trai, þe gait [Fairf., Gött. gate, Trin. Cambr. weye] it es al graid.
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 1592 To the I haue full good gate; For thou slow my brother Cate, That thou shalte by full dere.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. ccxviiv Yt he shulde be ware & haue hymselfe in good gayte.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

gaten.4

Brit. /ɡeɪt/, U.S. /ɡeɪt/
Forms: Also gat, geat, get, git.
Etymology: Of somewhat obscure origin; the Dutch synonym is gietgat , < gieten (= Old English géotan ) to pour, cast + gat = gate n.1 Compare Old English gyte, noun, pouring out.
Founding.
1.
†a. (See quot. 1683.) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. Dict. 378 Geat, is the little Spout or Gutter made in the Brim of Casting Ladles.
b. The opening or channel through which the molten metal flows into a mould.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > casting equipment > mould > hole for pouring in metal
gate1678
sprue1833
ingate1858
tedge1858
funnel1875
horn gate1909
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 53 A Geat is the hole through which the Mettal runs into the Mold.
?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 154 in School of Arts (ed. 2) When the git is filled up with the fluid metal.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 520 The hydrostatic pressure produced by a high gate or filling-in aperture, contributes much to secure the soundness and solidity of the casting.
1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Git, in a mould, the narrow neck or channel through which the metal is poured. It is generally applied as the term for the superfluous piece of metal which is left in the neck of the mould after a casting is made.
2. The waste piece of metal cast in the gate.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials produced from metalworking > [noun] > remnants of metal > found in gate after casting
gate1839
gate-piece1839
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 522 This excess [of metal] forms the gates, false seams, &c.
1862 J. Binny in H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) Extra vol. 377/2 When you have your coin cast, there is a ‘gat’, or piece of refuse metal, sticks to it.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 262–3 When cooled sufficiently they are..broken off from the ‘gets’ which are thin strips of metal filling the connecting gutters.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 413/2 The blank is..cut a little larger than is necessary in order to leave room for a ‘get’ or solid piece at the end of the prongs [of a fork] which is retained..for the purpose of maintaining the requisite rigidity to keep the article in shape.

Compounds

gate-piece n. = sense 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials produced from metalworking > [noun] > remnants of metal > found in gate after casting
gate1839
gate-piece1839
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 520 This gate piece being superfluous is knocked off almost immediately after, or even before the casting cools.
gate-shutter n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Gate-shutter, a spade or paddle which closes the channel against the molten metal when the mold or bed is full, and turns it in another direction to other molds or beds.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

gatev.1

Brit. /ɡeɪt/, U.S. /ɡeɪt/
Etymology: < gate n.1
1. transitive. At the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge: To confine (an undergraduate) to the precincts of the college, either entirely or after a certain hour.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > educational administration > university administration > [verb (transitive)] > disciplinary measures
sconce1617
proctorize1833
gate1835
proggins1892
prog1901
campus1928
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] > confine to school or college bounds
gate1835
wall1860
1835 Snobiad 62 in C. Whibley In Cap & Gown (1889) 144 Two Proctors kindly holding either arm, Staunch the dark blood, and gate him for the term.
1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. xii. 231 [He] gave him a book of Virgil to write out, and gated him for a fortnight after hall.
1881 G. Saintsbury Dryden 6 He was discommonsed and gated for a fortnight for disobedience and contumacy.
2. Electronics. To subject to the action of a gate (see gate n.1 8f, 8g): (a) to select those parts of (a signal) that occur within given time intervals or have amplitudes within given limits (b) to switch by means of a gate circuit. Usually as ˈgated adj. or as verbal noun, participial adj.(see below).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [verb (transitive)] > select parts of signal
gate1946
strobe1947
1946 Jrnl. Appl. Physics 17 968/1 The gated background audio-noise voltage.
1946 [see gating n. and adj. at Derivatives]. 1947 [see gating n. and adj. at Derivatives].
1950 J. L. Lawson & G. E. Uhlenbeck Threshold Signals ix. 253 In the aural method of detection one usually gates or strobes the incoming signals.
1957 R. F. Shea et al. Transistor Circuit Engin. x. 317 A transistor switching circuit which may be used to gate an input signal from a common input terminal to one of two output terminals.
1959 J. N. Shive Semiconductor Devices xiv. 255 (caption) This gating circuit not only performs the gating function but amplifies the gated signal as well.
1968 P. A. P. Moran Introd. Probability Theory i. 44 An electric source producing random impulses..was gated (switched on and off) once every second.

Derivatives

ˈgating n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > educational administration > university administration > [noun] > confinement to college grounds
gating1861
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [noun] > selecting part of signal
gating1861
strobing1959
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [adjective] > selecting part of signal
gating1966
strobed1980
1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. xii. 231 He..then dismissed punishment and gating from his mind.
1883 R. Gower My Reminisc. I. xii. 221 Our tutor threatened to report us to the Head. However, we eventually got off without even a gating.
1946 Jrnl. Appl. Physics 17 953/2 Gating under such circumstances would result in a distortion of the pulse by shearing it fore and aft.
1947 H. B. Abajian in J. S. Hall Radar Aids to Navig. iii. vii. 205 (caption) Block diagram of the gating system.
1959 [see sense 2].
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XI. 207/1 The counting circuit can operate a gating circuit which passes the clock pulses directly to the cathode-ray tube.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† gatev.2

Etymology: < gate n.2
Obsolete. rare.
intransitive. Of an animal: To walk.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by locomotion > locomotion of animals > [verb (intransitive)] > walk
gate1582
pad1871
travel1877
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 6 Three stags sturdye wer vnder Neere the seacost gating.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

† gatev.3

Etymology: ? < Old French gaiter: see gate n.3
Obsolete. rare.
intransitive. To watch.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (intransitive)] > observe or watch
spya1400
wait1399
espyc1405
watch1487
gate?1590
to look sharp1680
stag1796
to keep one's eyes peeled1844
to skin one's eyes1851
to peel one's eyes1875
to take sights1934
?1590–1 J. Burel Passage of Pilgremer i, in Poems sig. O3 Bot as the foular casts his cair, His catch for to preuent, So thay war trapit in the snair..Still wating, and gating, Quhyll thay war all oretane.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

gatev.4

Brit. /ɡeɪt/, U.S. /ɡeɪt/
Etymology: < gate n.4
Founding.
transitive. To provide (a mould, etc.) with a gate or gates (see gate n.4 1b). Also intransitive.
ΚΠ
1901 Shop & Foundry Practice (Colliery Engineer Co.) IV. xl. 5 It is usually better to gate a mold for a heavy casting as near the bottom as possible.
1950 J. S. Campbell Casting & Forming Processes ix. 77 For many metals such as aluminum and magnesium it is good practice to gate into the castings at several places as a help in avoiding hot spots and in filling the mold cavity.

Derivatives

ˈgated adj.2 provided with a gate or gates.
ΚΠ
1906 F. W. Barrows Pract. Pattern-making iv. i. 228 The moulding-machine manufacturers advertise that you can use your present patterns, whether of wood or metal, single or gated, on ‘our’ machines.
1948 Metals Handbk. (Amer. Soc. Metals) 6/2 Gated pattern, mold patterns designed to permit two or more castings, joined by connecting channels, to be made in one mold.
ˈgating n.2 the action of providing gates; the arrangement of gates, runners, etc., through which molten metal enters a mould.
ΚΠ
1906 F. W. Barrows Pract. Pattern-making i. i. 16 The moulder..suggested the gating of the patterns, having noticed the castings as he dumped the mould, with their runners tying them all together, making one pattern of the flask full.
1907 J. G. Horner Henley's Encycl. Pract. Engin. V. 88/2 Gating, signifies the channels, and formation of the same by which liquid metal enters a mould after it leaves the pouring basin.
1931 Foundry Trade Jrnl. 28 May 369/2 This gating is not so simple as the top one, and it requires a heavier weight of sprues.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : -gatecomb. form
<
n.1778n.2c1175n.3a1400n.41678v.11835v.21582v.3?1590v.41901
see also
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