gardenian.

Brit.

/ɡɑːˈdiːnɪə/, U.S.

/ɡɑrˈdinjə/

Forms: 1700s– gardenia, 1800s gardinia.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Gardenia.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Gardenia, suggested name for a North American plant (1756: see quot. 1756¹ and the note at sense 1), genus name (1761: see the note at sense 2) < the name of Alexander Garden (1730–91), Scottish naturalist (active in North America 1752–82) + scientific Latin -ia -ia suffix¹.

†1. A plant with pink flowers and purplish-green oval leaves, native to wetlands of the northeastern United States and south-eastern Canada, Triadenum virginicum (family Hypericaceae). Obsolete. T. virginicum was first described by the botanist Jane Colden (1724-1766), who proposed the name ‘Gardenia’ in honour of Alexander Garden, with whom she corresponded. The name appears not to have been widely or formally accepted by taxonomists and the plant became known as Hypericum virginicum.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > non-British plants or herbs > [noun] > North American > other plants

bear grass1750

gardenia1756

sisyrinchium1767

heartsease1785

blazing star1789

nondo1791

unicorn-plant1796

screw-stem1802

American centaury1803

wild ginger?1804

pinweed1814

sabbatia1814

mountain mint1817

orange-root1817

richweed1818

goldenseal1828

pipeweed1837

snow plant1846

lopseed1850

devil's claw1876

turkey's beard1884

richweed1894

blue star grass1999

1756 Ess. & Observ. (Philos. Soc. Edinb.) II. 2 Using the privilege of a first discoverer, she was pleased to call this new plant Gardenia, in compliment to Dr. Garden.

1756 Monthly Rev. Oct. 381 The discovery of this plant is ascribed to a young Lady, a most ingenious Botanist, who has named it Gardenia.

1770 C. Milne Bot. Dict. at Contortæ The seed-vessel in gardenia, is a dry berry.

a. A genus of evergreen shrubs and small trees of the family Rubiaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Pacific Islands and widely cultivated as garden and house plants, typically having dark green glossy leaves and fragrant white or pale yellow tubular flowers; (also gardenia) a tree of this genus, esp. G. jasminoides. Occasionally with distinguishing word.Also called Cape jasmine, katjiepiering, tiare.Alexander Garden, after whom John Ellis named the genus in 1760, was given plants by Ellis in 1762 and was the first to cultivate them in the United States.Valid publication of the genus name: J. Ellis 1761, in Philos. Trans. 1760 51 934.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > [noun] > gardenias

Cape jasmine1761

gardenia1761

Cape jasminea1776

katjiepiering1793

tiare1888

1761 Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 934 The professor has agreed to adopt this new genus by the name of Gardenia.

1783 D. Grimwood Catal. Greenhouse Plants 114 Gardenia or Cape Jasmin.

?1795 Catal. Forest Trees (Gordon, Dermer, & Co.) 89 [Gardenia] Thunbergia. Starry Gardenia.

1800 Propagation & Culture Plants in R. Steele Ess. Gardening 47 Gardenia.—These elegant shrubs, whose flowers highly perfume the air, may be successfully propagated by cuttings.

1863 R. Alcock Capital of Tycoon I. 76 But the gardinia and the camellia flourish also.

1883 Garden 21 Apr. 50/3 G. Fortunei is without doubt the noblest Gardenia in cultivation.

1900 County Gentleman 5 May 572/3 Remove Gardenias in flower to the conservatory.

1971 J. A. Naegele in R. E. Pfadt Fund. Appl. Entomol. (ed. 2) xvi. 484 Gardenias, hydrangeas, and roses are greenhouse crops constantly under attack.

1994 Amateur Gardening 30 July 17/1 In the tropics, gardenias are trees of 15–20ft. or more with spreading crowns of glossy, evergreen leaves, studded with exotically scented flowers like pure white, double roses.

2011 Wall St. Jrnl. 14 Sept. a13 He planted gardenias in pots next to the stoop at the front door.

b. A flower of a gardenia tree.

ΚΠ

a1771 S. Parkinson Jrnl. Voy. South Seas (1773) 26 They also gather a species of gardenia, as soon as they open, and put them in their ears.

1832 C. G. F. Gore Fair of May Fair II. xv. 122 Lady Wellwood gave up riding to shut herself up in this boudoir with all these magnolias and gardenias.

1859 Daily News 26 Sept. 7/6 Cut flowers chiefly consist of orchids, gardenias, kalosanths,..heaths, and roses.

1881 R. C. Praed Policy & Passion III. 38 The strong scent of gardenias..floated towards him.

1901 Irish Monthly 29 337 The lilies, roses, and gardenias of the flower-sellers in the Via Tornabuoni, languidly droop their heads.

1956 ‘B. Holiday’ & W. Dufty Lady sings Blues xi. 114 You can be up to your boobies in white satin, with gardenias in your hair and no sugar cane for miles.

1976 P. White Let. 21 Feb. (1994) xiii. 469 Bridesmaids appeared in pale blue with gardenia corsages.

2009 Vanity Fair Mar. 315/1 The Scorpion cocktail came with a gardenia.

c. A perfume imitating the scent of a gardenia flower; the scent of a gardenia flower, esp. as used in a perfume, cosmetic, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically

ewrosec1350

stacte1382

oil of rosesa1398

rose watera1398

sandalc1400

musk?a1425

damask water?1520

malabathrum1543

orris1545

civet1553

ambracan1555

rose cake1559

lavender-water1563

oil of spikenard1565

zibet1594

orange-flower water1595

orris powder?1600

spike-oil1611

angel water1634

cypress-powder1634

angelica1653

jasmine1670

jessamy1671

rosat1674

frangipane1676

marechale1676

orangery1676

tuberose1682

jasmine-water1750

otto1759

rose geranium1773

millefleurs1775

new-mown hay1789

attar1798

eau-de-Cologne1802

Cologne1814

dedes1817

eau de Portugal1825

verbena1837

rondeletia1838

bay-rum1840

Florida water1840

citronelle1841

patchouli1843

citronella1849

gardenia1851

sandalwood oil1851

Ess Bouquet1855

marmala water1857

mignonette1858

spikenard oil1861

sandalwood1865

serpolet1866

ylang-ylang1876

flower-water1886

lily1890

lilac1895

stephanotis1895

tea rose1897

chypre1898

Peau d'Espagne1898

violette de Parme1904

poppy1905

Parma violet1907

wallflower1907

1851 Morning Post 3 May 8/1 The Gardenia,..the Bouquet d'Olga, the Bouquet Devonshire, and all the varieties of Guerlain's distinguished Perfumes, for the handkerchief.

1879 Brit. Trade Jrnl. 17 394/2 Among the perfumery are..Magnolia, New-mown Hay, Gardenia, Star of India,..Tunis Flowers, &c. These scents are arranged to the best advantage in plain or cut glass bottles.

1904 Treasury Decisions Customs & Other Laws (U.S. Dept. of Treasury) 2nd Ser. 7 (T.D. 25023) 259 Certain compounds of concrete essences known as glycine, gardenia, and lilas blanc held to be dutiable as ‘chemical compounds’.

1961 E. Keeley Gold-hatted Lover iv. 140 I lay there steaming for almost an hour in a happy trance.., my brain numbed by warmth and the smell of gardenia soap.

1999 Vogue Nov. 516 Fragrant, shimmery body powders. The four scents, Jasmine, Violet, Green Tea, and Gardenia, are soft to the touch–and the nose.

2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Mar. i. 5 (advt.) Notes of bergamot, gardenia and rose mix with traditional base notes of sandalwood, vanilla and musk for a scent that is both edgy and sophisticated.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gardenia
释义	gardenian. Brit. /ɡɑːˈdiːnɪə/, U.S. /ɡɑrˈdinjə/ Forms: 1700s– gardenia, 1800s gardinia. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Gardenia. Etymology: < scientific Latin Gardenia, suggested name for a North American plant (1756: see quot. 1756¹ and the note at sense 1), genus name (1761: see the note at sense 2) < the name of Alexander Garden (1730–91), Scottish naturalist (active in North America 1752–82) + scientific Latin -ia -ia suffix¹. †1. A plant with pink flowers and purplish-green oval leaves, native to wetlands of the northeastern United States and south-eastern Canada, Triadenum virginicum (family Hypericaceae). Obsolete. T. virginicum was first described by the botanist Jane Colden (1724-1766), who proposed the name ‘Gardenia’ in honour of Alexander Garden, with whom she corresponded. The name appears not to have been widely or formally accepted by taxonomists and the plant became known as Hypericum virginicum. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > non-British plants or herbs > [noun] > North American > other plants bear grass1750 gardenia1756 sisyrinchium1767 heartsease1785 blazing star1789 nondo1791 unicorn-plant1796 screw-stem1802 American centaury1803 wild ginger?1804 pinweed1814 sabbatia1814 mountain mint1817 orange-root1817 richweed1818 goldenseal1828 pipeweed1837 snow plant1846 lopseed1850 devil's claw1876 turkey's beard1884 richweed1894 blue star grass1999 1756 Ess. & Observ. (Philos. Soc. Edinb.) II. 2 Using the privilege of a first discoverer, she was pleased to call this new plant Gardenia, in compliment to Dr. Garden. 1756 Monthly Rev. Oct. 381 The discovery of this plant is ascribed to a young Lady, a most ingenious Botanist, who has named it Gardenia. 1770 C. Milne Bot. Dict. at Contortæ The seed-vessel in gardenia, is a dry berry. 2. a. A genus of evergreen shrubs and small trees of the family Rubiaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Pacific Islands and widely cultivated as garden and house plants, typically having dark green glossy leaves and fragrant white or pale yellow tubular flowers; (also gardenia) a tree of this genus, esp. G. jasminoides. Occasionally with distinguishing word.Also called Cape jasmine, katjiepiering, tiare.Alexander Garden, after whom John Ellis named the genus in 1760, was given plants by Ellis in 1762 and was the first to cultivate them in the United States.Valid publication of the genus name: J. Ellis 1761, in Philos. Trans. 1760 51 934. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > [noun] > gardenias Cape jasmine1761 gardenia1761 Cape jasminea1776 katjiepiering1793 tiare1888 1761 Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 934 The professor has agreed to adopt this new genus by the name of Gardenia. 1783 D. Grimwood Catal. Greenhouse Plants 114 Gardenia or Cape Jasmin. ?1795 Catal. Forest Trees (Gordon, Dermer, & Co.) 89 [Gardenia] Thunbergia. Starry Gardenia. 1800 Propagation & Culture Plants in R. Steele Ess. Gardening 47 Gardenia.—These elegant shrubs, whose flowers highly perfume the air, may be successfully propagated by cuttings. 1863 R. Alcock Capital of Tycoon I. 76 But the gardinia and the camellia flourish also. 1883 Garden 21 Apr. 50/3 G. Fortunei is without doubt the noblest Gardenia in cultivation. 1900 County Gentleman 5 May 572/3 Remove Gardenias in flower to the conservatory. 1971 J. A. Naegele in R. E. Pfadt Fund. Appl. Entomol. (ed. 2) xvi. 484 Gardenias, hydrangeas, and roses are greenhouse crops constantly under attack. 1994 Amateur Gardening 30 July 17/1 In the tropics, gardenias are trees of 15–20ft. or more with spreading crowns of glossy, evergreen leaves, studded with exotically scented flowers like pure white, double roses. 2011 Wall St. Jrnl. 14 Sept. a13 He planted gardenias in pots next to the stoop at the front door. b. A flower of a gardenia tree. ΚΠ a1771 S. Parkinson Jrnl. Voy. South Seas (1773) 26 They also gather a species of gardenia, as soon as they open, and put them in their ears. 1832 C. G. F. Gore Fair of May Fair II. xv. 122 Lady Wellwood gave up riding to shut herself up in this boudoir with all these magnolias and gardenias. 1859 Daily News 26 Sept. 7/6 Cut flowers chiefly consist of orchids, gardenias, kalosanths,..heaths, and roses. 1881 R. C. Praed Policy & Passion III. 38 The strong scent of gardenias..floated towards him. 1901 Irish Monthly 29 337 The lilies, roses, and gardenias of the flower-sellers in the Via Tornabuoni, languidly droop their heads. 1956 ‘B. Holiday’ & W. Dufty Lady sings Blues xi. 114 You can be up to your boobies in white satin, with gardenias in your hair and no sugar cane for miles. 1976 P. White Let. 21 Feb. (1994) xiii. 469 Bridesmaids appeared in pale blue with gardenia corsages. 2009 Vanity Fair Mar. 315/1 The Scorpion cocktail came with a gardenia. c. A perfume imitating the scent of a gardenia flower; the scent of a gardenia flower, esp. as used in a perfume, cosmetic, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically ewrosec1350 stacte1382 oil of rosesa1398 rose watera1398 sandalc1400 musk?a1425 damask water?1520 malabathrum1543 orris1545 civet1553 ambracan1555 rose cake1559 lavender-water1563 oil of spikenard1565 zibet1594 orange-flower water1595 orris powder?1600 spike-oil1611 angel water1634 cypress-powder1634 angelica1653 jasmine1670 jessamy1671 rosat1674 frangipane1676 marechale1676 orangery1676 tuberose1682 jasmine-water1750 otto1759 rose geranium1773 millefleurs1775 new-mown hay1789 attar1798 eau-de-Cologne1802 Cologne1814 dedes1817 eau de Portugal1825 verbena1837 rondeletia1838 bay-rum1840 Florida water1840 citronelle1841 patchouli1843 citronella1849 gardenia1851 sandalwood oil1851 Ess Bouquet1855 marmala water1857 mignonette1858 spikenard oil1861 sandalwood1865 serpolet1866 ylang-ylang1876 flower-water1886 lily1890 lilac1895 stephanotis1895 tea rose1897 chypre1898 Peau d'Espagne1898 violette de Parme1904 poppy1905 Parma violet1907 wallflower1907 1851 Morning Post 3 May 8/1 The Gardenia,..the Bouquet d'Olga, the Bouquet Devonshire, and all the varieties of Guerlain's distinguished Perfumes, for the handkerchief. 1879 Brit. Trade Jrnl. 17 394/2 Among the perfumery are..Magnolia, New-mown Hay, Gardenia, Star of India,..Tunis Flowers, &c. These scents are arranged to the best advantage in plain or cut glass bottles. 1904 Treasury Decisions Customs & Other Laws (U.S. Dept. of Treasury) 2nd Ser. 7 (T.D. 25023) 259 Certain compounds of concrete essences known as glycine, gardenia, and lilas blanc held to be dutiable as ‘chemical compounds’. 1961 E. Keeley Gold-hatted Lover iv. 140 I lay there steaming for almost an hour in a happy trance.., my brain numbed by warmth and the smell of gardenia soap. 1999 Vogue Nov. 516 Fragrant, shimmery body powders. The four scents, Jasmine, Violet, Green Tea, and Gardenia, are soft to the touch–and the nose. 2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Mar. i. 5 (advt.) Notes of bergamot, gardenia and rose mix with traditional base notes of sandalwood, vanilla and musk for a scent that is both edgy and sophisticated. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1756
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