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单词 getter
释义

gettern.

Brit. /ˈɡɛtə/, U.S. /ˈɡɛdər/
Forms: Middle English getare, Middle English getere, Middle English gettare, Middle English–1500s geter, Middle English– getter.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: get v., -er suffix1.
Etymology: < get v. + -er suffix1.
1. A person who or (now chiefly) an animal (esp. a horse) which begets offspring; a procreator, begetter. Formerly also (Scottish): †a parent.foal-, ram-, stock-, wether-getter: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > [noun] > procreator, parent, or origin
motherOE
stallionc1305
childbearera1382
getterc1390
begetter1440
procreator1548
propagator1585
procreatrix1593
breeder1594
procreatress1597
pregnatress1651
multiplier1660
parent1670
propagatrix1803
baby-maker1968
c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 50 Heil douhtur of þe sone, Modur of þe getere [L. genitoris].
c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 116 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 4 It is mast sorow of ane, barne to be fra þe gettare sa tane.
c1480 (a1400) St. John Baptist 643 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 241 Þe lofinge of his getteris in-to fyfe thing wele aperis.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 171 Alexander his sonne found hymselfe greued for that his father was a getter of children by soondrie women.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. v. 229 Peace, is..a getter of more bastard Children, then warres a destroyer of men. View more context for this quotation
1632 R. Sherwood Dict. in R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues (new ed.) A getter or begetter, engendreur.
1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. II. viii. 100 Muleasses King of Tunis..reproacht the Memory of his Father Mahomet with the Frequentation of Women, styling him Loose, Effeminate, and a Getter of Children.
1798 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1799) 2 298 It is well known the getter of him [sc. a charger] was engaged in almost every review during the last war.
1827 Amer. Farmer 27 July 152/2 He has proved himself an uncommonly sure getter of superior colts.
1861 8th Ann. Rep. Mass. Board Agric. 186 Though by no means a model horse himself, he was the getter of a vast number of famous running and trotting horses.
1900 U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 119. 24 It should be an axiom for every flock master to never sell or dispose of a ram that proves to be a valuable breeder, as well as a getter of superior lambs.
1976 W. Everson River-root 27 They are getters of children: known much and have suffered.
2007 Sportsman (Austral.) (Nexis) 9 Feb. 68 Coolmore Stud recognises Sadler's Wells first Group One winner Scenic, as his most prolific getter of Group One winners.
2.
a. A person who or (occasionally) a thing which gets or obtains something; esp. (without construction) a person who acquires wealth.attention-, goal-, place-, run-getter: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > acquisition > [noun] > one who obtains or acquires
getterc1400
procurer?1530
obtainer1531
acquister1613
acquirer1667
acquisitor1668
acquiror1789
c1400 Prose Versions New Test.: 1 Cor. (Selwyn) (1904) i. 20 Where is þe wyse man? where þe makere of þe lawe? where þe getere [c1384 Wycliffite, E.V. purchasour; L. conquistor] of þe worlde? ne haþ noȝt God mad þe wysdom of þis world folye?
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 192 Getare of goodys, adquisitor.
?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Hvi Vyle lucre..causeth the getter, oft tyme his purpose ban.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxxi Experience teacheth that there is no lesse praise to be geuen to the keper then to the getter.
1596 T. Bell Suruey Popery i. ii. iv. 84 After great getters come great spenders.
1629 J. Gaule Distractions 438 After a great Getter, then commonly comes a Spender.
1659 E. Gayton Art Longevity xxvii. 52 The tarter sort [of cheese] is hot, and burnes, a getter Of extreme thirst.
1667 J. Corbet Disc. Relig. Eng. 25 They are not the Great Wasters, but mostly in the number of Getters.
1707 N. Rowe tr. Golden Verses Pythagoras in A. Dacier Life Pythagoras 157 Revolve the Getter's Joy and Looser's Pain, And think if it be worth thy while to gain.
1799 G. Chalmers Supplemental Apol. Believers in Shakspeare-papers 52 W. H. was the getter of the manuscript, imperfect as it was, from which the Sonnets were printed inaccurately.
1853 R. C. Trench On Lessons in Proverbs 141 Unrighteous gains are sure to disappoint the getter.
1880 L. Wallace Ben-Hur 238 He will have need of getters and keepers.
1947 Kiplinger Mag. May 13/1 Gimbels became known as ‘The getter of the un-gettables’ and the impression was created that the store was beating the britches off Macy's in the battle of ads.
1978 Mother Jones Apr. 69/2 He was a consummate swinger of deals, getter of grants and recipient of fellowships.
2011 Wall St. Jrnl. 8 Oct. a14/5 We are left to raise children in an economy that desperately needs them to become competitive getters and spenders.
b. A person who extracts material from a mine, quarry, etc.; spec. a coal miner who extracts the coal after a seam has been undercut.coal-getter, stone-getter: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > miner > [noun] > coal-miner > other specific coal-mine workers
gates-mana1649
getter1688
coal washer1859
gasman1876
spragger?1881
stoneman1883
thin-miner1892
shotman1905
shiftsman1921
strapper1921
Bevin boy1944
pit yacker1961
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. f. 71v A Cutter of Stones a Digger of Stones, such are they as work, in Quarries, Quarry Men, Hewers of Stone, Masons, getters of Stone.
1794 J. Holt Gen. View Agric. Lancaster 40 The number of workmen [in a marl-pit] are six fillers and getters;..one getter is usually sufficient.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 979 (Pitcoal) The set who succeed the holers are called getters.
1873 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1871–3 1 305 Beginning at the far end of his work the getter knocks out or loosens the sprags that had protected the holers, retreating as he operates.
1883 Manch. Examiner 27 Nov. 5/5 The drawers at the Whinney Hill Pit..struck work for an advance of wages, and, as the getters can do nothing without the drawers, the mine is stopped.
1936 Handbk. Labor Statistics (U.S. Dept. Labor) 772 The rate from influenza and pneumonia among hewers and getters of coal was 44 percent higher in the years 1921-23 than among men of similar social status in England and Wales as a whole.
1995 A. Howard Silence of Strangers (Electronic ed.) The men, the ‘getters’, the kings of the colliery, cut coal stark naked but for a pair of leather pads on their elbows and knees.
c. Originally: (in vacuum technology) a substance used to remove residual or contaminating gas from a sealed and partially evacuated chamber, by either chemical or physical interaction with the gas molecules; a device or component bearing such a substance. In later use also more widely: a substance or other agent used to remove impurities from a material, esp. from a semiconductor. Frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > [noun] > types by properties
agent1624
analyser1661
pyrophorus1734
pyrophore1788
frigoric1812
diffusate1850
diffusant1867
cryogen1875
metachrome1876
carrier1902
getter1912
active1918
network former1947
network modifier1947
radiosensitizer1953
monophase1968
1912 Minutes 28th Ann. Convent. Assoc. Edison Illuminating Companies 226 If this glass is very thin the wires squeeze through it and make little leaks through which air can get into the lamp. We had an epidemic of this trouble about 20 years ago and found that a drop of castor oil inside the glass tube would stop this little leak... The name of ‘vacuum getter’ was given to this oil so used. We used this castor oil only a short time on a few lamps, but everything since that time which has a tendency to counteract the evil effects of poor vacuum has been known as vacuum ‘getter’.
1938 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts 86 945 Getters used in lamps were obviously limited to substances that produced a transparent deposit on the bulb, but in thermionic valves where transparency is not necessary it is now customary to use metals almost exclusively as getters.
1959 New Scientist 26 Mar. 708//3 In other types of getter-ion pumps, the getter film is produced by sputtering—that is, by knocking atoms out of the bulk getter metal by bombarding it with the ions of the residual gas.
1979 D. J. Harra in G. L. Weissler & R. W. Carlson Vacuum Physics & Technol. (Methods Exper. Physics 14) v. 193 Getter pumping by titanium films was developed as a commercial vacuum technique during the early 1960s.
1984 J. R. Monkowski et al. in D. C. Gupta Semiconductor Processing (Amer. Soc. Testing & Materials, Spec. Techn. Publ. 850) 227 These defects are often located very near to device active regions and these defects are very effective getters of metallic impurities.
2008 K. Jousten et al. Handbk. Vacuum Technol. xi. 464 Bulk getters are made of solid, and in part, regenerative getter material, referred to as non-evaporable getter... Evaporation getters, in contrast, use getter material which is evaporated under vacuum and deposited as a thin and thus highly gas-receptive but not regenerative coating.

Compounds

C1. With adverbs, in compound agent nouns corresponding to adverbial combinations of get (see get v. Phrasal verbs 1), as getter-on, getter-up.
ΚΠ
1575 W. Patten Cal. Script. at Ellenon Too the getters vp. Gods knoledge.
1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. 215/1 Sacadór, a getter out, one that bayleth another out of prison.
1777 Monthly Rev. Oct. 327 Not for ladies, but for milliners and mantua-makers, and getters up of small linen!
1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. ii. 160 I recognised in him a diligent getter up of miscellaneous works.
1834 New Monthly Mag. 42 330 A getter-up of fights, a second of the fighters.
a1848 F. Marryat Valerie (1849) I. viii. 279 Your aunt..has resided there..as a clear-starcher and getter-up of lace.
1866 Athenæum No. 2025. 208/1 A getter-on, born in the Glasgow gutter.
1873 H. Spencer Study Sociol. (1877) xv. 363 Getters-up of bubble-companies.
1906 Pop. Mech. Mar. 323/1 The rear platform is unusually large and provided with guide rails which separate the getters-on from the getters-off.
1933 J. Galsworthy One More River xxxvi. 337 If he were not to become set in the groove of a ‘getter-on’, he must marry and have children.
1996 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 27 Apr. Experienced getters-up know that this activity must take three hours or more.
C2.
getter to bed n. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
1837 New Monthly Mag. 51 186 Sunshine for me..and gas-shine for late getters to bed.
C3.
getter-in n. Obsolete rare (apparently) a machine for reaping and binding; a harvester.
ΚΠ
1884 West Sussex Gaz. 25 Sept. 2/8 An American getter in.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

getterv.

Brit. /ˈɡɛtə/, U.S. /ˈɡɛdər/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: getter n.
Etymology: < getter n. Compare earlier gettered adj., gettering n.
transitive. Originally: to remove (gas or vapour) from a sealed evacuated chamber by means of a getter (getter n. 2c); also with the chamber as object (now rare). In later use also: to remove (impurities) from a semiconductor or other material by a similar means. Usually in passive.
ΚΠ
1928 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 120 427 The tube could be gettered as often as required by lighting the 5 ampere filament.
1933 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 7th Ser. 16 674 Hydrogen may be gettered by and reliberated from magnesium.
1966 C. R. Tottle Sci. Engin. Materials x. 232 Occasionally the rapid oxidation of metals can be utilized to advantage, as in vacuum systems, to getter the oxygen remaining after prolonged pumping.
1974 U.S. Patent 3,850,686 5/1 Sodium will be gettered by the action of the oxide components.
1985 H. Kamiyama & K. Sumino in H. Suzuki et al. Dislocations in Solids (Proc. IX Yamada Conf.) 399 Nitrogen in silicon is effectively gettered by dislocations.
2008 Electrochemical Trans. 16 184 The metal impurities are only gettered into the high-concentration region.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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