fulfilfulfillv.

Brit.

/fʊlˈfɪl/, U.S.

/fᵿ(l)ˈfɪl/

Forms: Old English fullfyllan, Middle English ffolfulle, Middle English folfille, Middle English folful, Middle English folfulle, Middle English foluel- (inflected form), Middle English foluelle (inflected form), Middle English folvelle, Middle English fulfel, Middle English fulfeldyn (past participle), Middle English fulfell, Middle English fulfelle, Middle English fulful- (inflected form), Middle English fulfulle, Middle English fullefille, Middle English fullefylle, Middle English fuluulle, Middle English uoluel- (inflected form), Middle English uoluelle, Middle English uuluel- (inflected form), Middle English voluel- (inflected form), Middle English voluul- (inflected form), Middle English volvulle, Middle English–1500s fullfyll, Middle English–1500s 1700s fulfylle, Middle English–1600s fulfille, Middle English–1600s fulfyl, Middle English–1600s fulfyll, Middle English–1800s fullfill, Middle English– fulfil, Middle English– fulfill (now chiefly U.S.), 1500s ffulfill, 1500s fulffyl, 1500s fulffyll, 1600s folfil; also Scottish pre-1700 ffowlffil, pre-1700 fowfull, pre-1700 fullful.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: full adv., fill v.

Etymology: < full adv.+ fill v. Compare to fill full at fill v. 1 and (with senses relating to completion) also full-bring vb. at full adj., n.², and adv. Compounds 2b, full-do v., fullfreme v., and full-work v.Notes on specific senses. In uses in sense 5b after the corresponding extended uses in post-classical Latin (Vulgate) of classical Latin adimplēre (see adimplete v.) and implēre (see implete v.), in turn after ancient Greek πληροῦν (as used in Hellenistic Greek in the New Testament and Septuagint), in turn after Hebrew mālē' to fill, (in extended use) to carry out, to bring to realization.

†1.

a. To fill to the full, fill up, make full. Frequently with (or occasionally of).

(a) transitive. In material senses. Obsolete (archaic in later use).In quot. OE translating classical Latin complēre (see complete adj.) in a discussion of Latin word-formation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > completely

fulfilOE

of-fillc1275

to fill upa1616

OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 153 Impleo, ic gefylle; compleo, ic fullfylle; suppleo, ic fylle.

c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 217 Þo serganz uuluelden þo faten of watere.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4319 Al þat huge halle was hastili fulfulled.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. i. 28 Growe ȝe & be ȝe multiplied, & fulfylle ȝe þe erþ [L. replete terram].

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 102 Aftirward I fulfillide þe wounde with hoot oile of rosis.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. lxxix^v/2 All the londe therof shal be fulfyllid with deserte.

1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. B.iv^v Simple and pure fleshe, whiche fulfylleth the concauities of voyde places.

1591 (?a1425) Adam & Eve (Huntington) in R. M. Lumiansky & D. Mill Chester Myst. Cycle (1974) I. 16 All beastes, I byd you multyplye..the yearth to fulfill.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 676 The world has received animals..and is fulfilled with them.

(b) transitive. In immaterial senses. Obsolete (in later use chiefly archaic or poetic).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > specifically in immaterial sense

fillOE

fulfila1300

replete1482

replenishc1529

stuff1531

install1577

charge1581

saturate1737

brim1844

supercharge1846

implete1862

earwig1880

infill1880

a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 125 Lefdi ful-fillid of pite.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 93 (MED) Þet is þe welle of blisse..þet may uoluelle þe herte.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 852 He [sc. God]..fulfild þis world al wid his grace.

1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) v. xiv. 80 The Apostles..were fulfylled with the holy ghoost.

c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll l. 90 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 222 Hys hearte was fullfylled all with thought.

?1561 Homylye Rogation Weke Rogation Week i sig. ¶¶ i He..fulfylleth both heauen and earth with his presence.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus ii. 12 Be not drunke with wine, but be fulfilled with the spirit.

1781 J. Sparrow et al. tr. J. Böhme Wks. IV. ii. x. 270 The Covenant fulfilled with the heavenly Substance.

1830 Ld. Tennyson Poems 35 Her subtil, warm, and golden breath Which mixing with the infant's blood Fullfills him with beatitude.

1864 A. C. Swinburne Atalanta 2120 Filling thine eyes And fulfilling thine ears With the brilliance of battle.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 313 When he was fulfilled of this delight He gat him to the bank well satisfied, And thought to do on him his raiment bright.

1909 N. Royde-Smith Second Probl. Bk. 87 Some souls we admire But fulfil them just once to o'erflow With Thought's spirit.

1926 E. R. Eddison Worm Ouroboros xxiv. 308 The corridor was fulfilled with the flare of flamboys and the din.

b. transitive. To spread through the whole extent of; to pervade. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [verb (transitive)] > pervade

through-seeka1200

filla1300

fulfila1382

to run through ——1638

penetrate1652

inequitate1653

pervade1659

permeate1660

compenetrate1686

perradiate1848

impenetrate1859

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxiii. 24 Whether not heuene and erthe Y fulfille [L. impleo]? seith the Lord.

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 772 Whan we vnbounnde were, Al erthe in-vyroun we dede fulfylle, Serchyng whom we myght noye.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Dan. ii. E The stone..became a greate mountayne, which fulfylleth the whole earth.

1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 436 The glorie of the Lord fulfilling the house.

a1627 W. Fowler tr. Petrarch Triumphs in Wks. (1914) I. 18 Who, worthye scollaris.., Fulfild thair countreis with thair works dewyne.

c. transitive. To supply fully with what is desired; to fill (a person, the soul, etc.) as with food; to satisfy the appetite of. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply [verb (intransitive)] > supply want

fulfilc1384

the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [verb (transitive)] > satisfy (needs or desires)

sleckc1175

stanch1340

fulfilc1384

satiatec1450

satisfyc1475

slockc1480

expletea1500

supplya1513

satisfice?1531

suffice1533

stake1550

to fill up1600

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xv. 33 Therfore wherof so many loouys to vs in desert, that we fulfille [L. saturemus] so grete a cumpanye of peple?

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xv. 37 Alle eten, and weren fulfillid [L. saturati sunt].

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 503 Thyn empti wombe ech day to fulfill, Yiff thou myhtest han [emended in ed. to haue] vitaile at thi will!

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xxvii. l. 158 (MED) Neuere fulfilled scholen we ben Certein, Ne Neuere Replet with non Mete.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 139 (MED) Bettyr is that men desyre hym to hyre, than of his Speche men fulfillit be.

a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 3 (MED) Many wordes fulfilliþ not þe soule.

a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 3 (MED) Þe eye is not fulfilled wiþ þe siȝt nor þe ere wiþ heringe.

†2. transitive. To hold or occupy (a vacant place); take (the place of something). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > supplanting or replacement > supplant, replace [verb (transitive)]

fulfila1200

underplantc1200

supplanta1398

subplanta1425

recompense?a1439

supply1567

bestead1596

second1600

reimplace1611

transplace1621

displant1630

succenturiate1650

supersede1657

substitute1675

recruit1711

replace1753

displace1774

substitute1775

supplace1777

outplace1928

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 33 Man sholde fuluullen englene sete.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 221 Þat it miȝte fulfille þe place of þe þrote.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 289 Whiche gete turfes..to fullefille the stede of woode.

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. clxxix His wretchyd Carcas shall the voyde graue fulfyll.

1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. B.ij^v Some [bones] to fulfyll the hollowe places, as in the handes and feete.

a1670 J. Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 496 To know precisely..what nourishment is best to fulfilthe place of that which decays daily in our body.

†a. transitive. To make complete; to supply what is lacking in (formerly also with †forth). Obsolete.In quot. a1393: (intransitive) to make up for what is lacking.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up

to make up one's mouthc1175

fulfila1225

through-fill?c1225

upspeed1338

supplya1398

araisea1440

to make outa1562

accomplish1577

complement1643

implement1843

a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Initio Creaturae (Vesp. A.xxii) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 219 Þat teonðe werod..awende on yfele, oðer al swa fele þe me mihte þat tioðe hape fulfellen.

c1300 St. Michael (Laud) 214 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 305 Þare-fore man is i-wrouȝt, To fulfulle þe teoþe ordre þat was out of heouene i-brouȝt.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Philipp. ii. 2 Fulfille [L. implete] ȝe my ioye.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 1584 (MED) Where lacketh good, the word fulfilleth To make amendes for the wrong.

c1400 Last Age of Church (1840) p. xxvii Cristen men hauen xxi lettris..& ȝeuynge to eche .c., þe newe Testament was endid whanne þe noumbre of þes assingned lettris was fulfillid.

1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 30 Item iij quarteris of blak to fulfill furth the lynyng of the Queynis goone.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. i. 130 Þe new faderis chosin..to fulfill þe auld now[mer] of faderis afore mynist.

1556 R. Robinson tr. T. More Utopia (ed. 2) sig. Ivi^v Then they fulfyll and make vp the numbre with cytezens.

1606 B. Barnes Foure Bks. Offices ii. 26 His successor Lewes the 12 superadded one prelate and two more counsellours fulfilling the number of 20.

1742 J. Cennick Sacred Hymns for Children of God (new ed.) 82 Fulfil the Number of thy Saints! Accomplish all thy Purpose soon.

1833 Rep. Select Comm. Manuf., Commerce, & Shipping 577 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 690) VI. 577 [The iron master] is required to make a greater quantity of iron in order to fulfil the amount of his engagements.

b. transitive. To fill up or supply the place of (something); to compensate for (a defect). Somewhat rare.

ΚΠ

1642 J. Goodwin Irelands Advocate 6 Now Paul..may be said to fulfill, or fill up..the remainders or wantings, or afterlings (as it were) of the sufferings of Christ.

1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) I. 9 Glory and life Fulfil their own depletions.

1899 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 5 Aug. 333/2 The various Research Associations have hitherto in part fulfilled the want.

1933 H. Danby tr. Mishnah ii. 175 If a man has not eaten (a meal in the Sukkah) of the first Festival-day he must fulfil the lack on the night of the last Festival-day.

1960 Southern Econ. Jrnl. 27 96/1 This issue of debt had no off-setting ‘deficit’ to fulfill.

2003 A. N. LeBlanc Random Family xii. 117 Lourdes felt that the boys' friendship fulfilled lack of brother love.

a. transitive. To do (something); to perform, to carry out (a deed, an act, etc.); to make (a pilgrimage); to commit (a sin). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)]

lasteOE

ylastc888

wieldeOE

doeOE

dreeOE

forthOE

fremeOE

workOE

affordOE

full-bringc1175

fulfila1225

perfurnisha1325

complishc1374

performc1384

achievea1393

chevisea1400

practic?a1425

exploitc1425

execute1477

furnish1477

through1498

practa1513

enure1549

chare1570

enact1597

act1602

to carry out1608

outcarry1611

celebrate1615

complya1616

peract1621

tide1631

implement1837

a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) iv. 23 Wræððe næng fulfille [OE Corpus Cambr. yrre ne sceal mon fulfremman; L. iram non perficere], on þes time ne ȝeþence, ne healde faken on herte.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 130 Ȝif þer were eise. uorto fulfullen ðe dede.

1372 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 88 (MED) Wat mitht i mor ha don for þe, þat i ne haue fulfilth?

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xix. 1158 Er he fulfilde þe dede [L. coitus complerentur].

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 35 Þei fulfillen first the more longe pilgrymage & after retournen aȝen be the nexte weyes.

a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 3155 Eueryman þat wyl fulfyll Þe dedly synnys.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 160 Here am I redy, an adventures knyght that woll fulfylle any adventure that ye woll desyre.

1582 A. Munday Discouerie E. Campion sig. C6^v The deathes of these Noble Personages shoulde be presentlie fulfilled.

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. L4 Where you did fulfill The lothsome act of Lust.

1617 W. Stanney Treat. Penance 407 Hee..magnified his doctrine, by his pious workes, fulfilling himselfe, what he had taught others to doe.

1671 E. Settle Cambyses iv. iv. 64 In order that we may this deed fulfill, We first will execute th' Impostor's Will.

1744 Answers P. Yeaman & J. Spence 2 A moral Obligation would remain upon a Party's own Mind to fulfil such Deeds, though the Law could not interpose to compel him.

1746 J. Wesley Serm. Several Occasions I. 7 By fulfilling the Deeds of the Law, no Flesh can be justified in his Sight.

1856 Interview 68/1 There was a watchful servant, the eye, which, immediately it saw the act fulfilled, reported to the mind that it had been done.

1861 Brownson's Q. Rev. July 304 This Divine fulness is not the fulness of the creative act, or the creative act fulfilled.

1904 Advocate of Peace Sept. 165/2 In fighting they were acting not only according to their conscience, but even fulfilling a righteous deed.

2010 N. Foster & S. Sule German Legal Syst. & Laws (ed. 4) ii. ix. 356 A wants to kill B but is afraid he might not have the courage to fulfil the deed.

b. transitive. To carry out (something commanded or required); to obey, to follow (the law, a command, etc.); to accomplish (a duty, task, mission, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > a command or law

fulfila1225

servea1325

fathera1425

practisea1464

actuate1594

a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Digby) cl, in Anglia (1878) 1 26 Godes laȝe he uoluelð, þo niewe and þo ealde, þet þos two loue haueð and wel hi wile healde.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1222 To fulfillen godes reed.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 5148 That thing mai he noght fulfille.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9736 Þi will i sal euermar full-fill.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. xvi. f. l^v My mayster..whiche constrayneth me to fulfylle his wylle.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aiii So to study this present treatyse, that they may fulfyll it in their lyuyng.

1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete (new issue) sig. N.vii He byddeth vs when we feele our owne weakenes and vnablenes to fulfyll hys law, to come vnto hym.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 402 The Law of God exact he shall fulfill .

1769 J. Brown Dict. Holy Bible I. 509 To fulfil requests and desires, is to grant the things desired.

1777 H. Blair Serm. I. iv. 111 Let us carry on our preparation for heaven..by fulfilling the duties and offices of every station in life.

1834 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. I. v. 75 In what sense do we fulfil the words of Christ?

1868 Morning Post 4 Sept. 7/4 By closing the doors to them anticipately and inopportunely, you place them in the impossibility of fulfilling that mission.

1916 G. Lee Diary 20 May in Home Fires Burning (2006) 168 I have just been fulfilling the new Daylight Saving Law.

1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 14 Oct. 966/2 Determining how the hospital and its personnel fulfill their medical tasks.

1997 J. Bowker World Relig. 130/2 Jewish boys come of age at 13. This means they should fulfil all the commandments.

2015 Church Times 9 Jan. 29/2 We do, indeed, know what we need to know in order to fulfil our vocation.

c. transitive. To achieve, to realize (a purpose, plan, end); to satisfy, to meet (a requirement, condition, standard, etc.); to perform (a function).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > suit or be suitable for [verb (transitive)] > be adequate for the case or conditions

fulfila1425

serve1445

satisfy1526

answer1581

fit1603

respond1677

meet1785

implement1857

to fill the bill1882

a1425 (?1348) R. Rolle Form of Living (Arun.) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 136 Strynth is lastynge to fulfil gode purpos.

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 193 The tyme of renouynge [read remouynge] þe sewynge is when þat he haþ fulfilled his ende.

1531 tr. E. Fox et al. Determinations Moste Famous Vniuersities iv. f. 93 It is wrytten in the Leuiticall, that the brother can not haue the brothers spouse, we commaunde the, that thou suffre not this fore sayde Henry to fulfyll his purpose.

1537 Inst. Christen Man f. 90 And in case we doo not fulfyll this condycyon: that we praye vnto god, that he shall neuer shewe mercy vnto vs.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 55 Gif the donator fulfills not the condition adjected to the donation.

a1658 J. Durham Clavis Cantici (1668) 131 He is timous and seasonable in fulfilling his purposes.

1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 93 If all..Fulfill the purpose, and appear design'd Proofs of the wisdom of th' all-seeing Mind.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §304 Every stone fulfils its place inside and out.

1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. ii. 10 The numerous haunts which fulfilled with that idle people the office of cafés and clubs at this day.

1861 J. S. Mill Considerations Representative Govt. i. 1 To inquire what form of government is best fitted to fulfil those purposes.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 200 The Cretan laws..fulfil the object of laws, which is to make those who use them happy.

1919 H. Etheridge Dict. Typewriting 62 The letter copier, with chemically-prepared paper, seems to fulfil all requirements.

1946 Nature 3 Aug. 176/1 Stable stars cannot be formed unless one of two conditions is fulfilled.

1978 M. Gordon Final Payments vii.139 People who fulfill minimum standards of home care.

2007 Guardian 10 Dec. (Digital Media Law Suppl.) 3/3 Using pre-ticked boxes fails to fulfill the condition that consent must be a clear and unambiguous indication of wishes.

a. transitive. To gratify (a desire, a wish, etc.); to satisfy (the appetite, hunger, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > carry into effect (a command, promise, plan, etc.)

fillOE

fulfilc1300

performc1300

executec1405

to draw in(to) consequencec1420

forthfillc1420

persolve1548

to go through ——a1586

effecta1593

to fill up1600

complete1680

to carry (something) into effect (also execution, practice, etc.)1715

implement1806

to put into effect1936

the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > achieve or effect > a wish, prophecy, etc.

fillOE

fulfilc1300

forthfillc1420

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed [verb (reflexive)] > of a person: work out one's destiny

fulfilc1300

realize1937

c1300 St. Mary of Egypt (Laud) l. 6 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 261 [In lechery] heo hadde so gret delijt þat in hire owene londe heo ne miȝte fulfulle hire owene wille.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 96 (MED) Þo þet habbeþ honger and þorst of riȝt..ssol by uolueld.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 6842 Þe seyuende ȝere lete hit ly stille þe pouer men hunger for to fulfille.

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 125 (MED) Desijr which is not fulfillid lettiþ ful and parfite reste and pees to be.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 37/1 The king continued his inordinate desire of inriching himselfe, for the fulfilling of which hungrie appetite..he pinched manie so sore.

1592 T. Tymme Plaine Discouerie Ten Eng. Lepers F ij Not to sustaine nature..but to fulfill insaciable gurmandize.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 114 To fulfill his greedy and endlesse appetite.

1660 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist 48 What man laboring to fulfil his desire is not ten times further off by being vassallaged more thereunto?

1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. iv. 54 Fulfil thy stern Desire, Burst all her Gates, and wrap her Walls in Fire!

1722 A. Philips Briton i. i May Jove, the Guardian of the Capitol..Fulfill your Hopes.

1836 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 160 I welcom'd was, yet something still Methinks was wanting to fulfill Content's old appetite.

1893 A. M. Fairbairn Place Christ in Mod. Theol. ii. ii. iii. 441 Love regards an object whose good it desires; righteousness is the conduct which fulfils the desire of love.

1947 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 5 June 6/2 As a raw material, volcanic ash fulfils the industrialist's fondest desires.

1991 N. Stenger in M. Benedikt Cyberspace iv. 56 [They] will no doubt see evil in a technique that actually may fulfill a deep thirst for the real.

2007 J. Hede Reading Dante vi. 222 When a man in accordance with nature fulfills his hunger or thirst by eating or drinking, he satisfies a desire that is a natural appetite.

b. transitive. To carry out (a promise); to bring (a prophecy) to realization; to make (a prediction, prayer, dream, etc.) come true. Also reflexive and intransitive.

ΚΠ

c1300 St. Lucy (Laud) 119 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 104 Ȝuit it scholde bi-foren eov alle bi folfuld bi me her.

a1333 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 16 Y-voluuld ys Davidþes sawe.

c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 1198 Þe prophecye of Symeon Was folfuld [a1450 Bodl. Add. fulfylled] þo bi þon.

1400 G. ap Dafydd ap Gruffudd Let. 11 June in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 6 Other thinges he behizt me the qwich he fulfullyt not.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 694 Thilke comenant..I wele fulfille.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Zech. Contents ch. x Thorow corporal promises, the prophet ledeth men vnto the promises that are fulfilled in Christ.

1539 Bible (Great) Matt. v. 17 I am not come to destroye, but to fulfyll [Gk. πληρῶσαι].

a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 43 His purpose was onely to get money: but God's purpose was (thereby) to bring Mary to Bethlehem. Hee, to fill full his Coffers, God, to fulfill the Prophecies.

1642 R. Vines Calebs Integrity 3 Promises must fulfill themselves, even though we be not in capacity of them.

1724 P. Walker Some Remarkable Passages Life A. Peden 90 When he came to the witty lown-warm Air of Edinburgh,..he forgot to fulfill his Promise.

1784 Theol. Repository IV. 122 Prophecies..contribute to fulfil themselves.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. i. 165 The universal prayer, therefore, is to be fulfilled.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vii. 149 If you be, what I think you, some sweet dream, I would but ask you to fulfil yourself.

1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire iv. 62 Full of bright promise never fulfilled.

1922 N.Y. Tribune 9 Apr. 17/1 Cambridge fulfilled the prophecies of the experts.

1970 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Oct. 7/6 The leadership campaign and convention will permit the party to fulfil completely its historical commitment to ideology.

2013 Daily Tel. 14 Nov. 24/2 President Hassan Rouhani moved to fulfil an election promise.

c. transitive. To realize the full potential of (a person); to fill with a sense of satisfaction or self-realization; reflexive to develop one's gifts or character to the full; to gain happiness or satisfaction by achieving one's potential or realizing one's aspirations.

ΚΠ

1894 R. C. Praed Christina Chard I. v. 129 You are to fulfil yourself. You are to ‘vague’ no more. You can be returned to Parliament easily, at once.

1920 R. Macaulay Potterism vi. v. §8. 259 Jane would, no doubt, fulfil herself in the course of time, make an adequate figure in the world she loved.

1968 S. Landau Bridging Two Worlds viii. 56 He was a man who had few material and recreational needs. His work fulfilled him completely.

1993 N.Y. Times Mag. 21 Nov. 69/3 Passive women, waiting for a man to come along and fulfill them—not just any man but the man of their dreams.

2010 H. Jacobson Finkler Question ii. 44 To my eye you have fulfilled yourself more than most men. You're a household name.

6. transitive. To finish, complete, bring to an end (a period of time, piece of work, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)]

to make an endc893

afilleOE

endc975

fullOE

full-doOE

full-workOE

fullendOE

fullfremeOE

full-forthlOE

fillc1175

fulfilc1300

complec1315

asum1340

full-make1340

performa1382

finisha1400

accomplishc1405

cheve1426

upwindc1440

perfurnish?c1450

sumc1450

perimplish1468

explete?a1475

fullcome1477

consume1483

consomme1489

perimplenish1499

perfect1512

perfinish1523

complete1530

consummate1530

do1549

to run out1553

perfectionate1570

win1573

outwork1590

to bring about1598

exedifya1617

to do up1654

ratifyc1720

ultimate1849

terminate1857

c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) 145 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 5 Ȝwane þe time were fol-fuld, ore louerd him wolde bi-þenche.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 262 Þis boc is uolueld ine þe eue of þe holy apostles Symon an Iudas.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 168 Þere is fulfillid þe firste digestioun of þe guttis.

1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) v. i. 72 A thynge that is infynyte maye not be fulfilled.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 71 (MED) Turne þe vpon þy left syde and fulfylle þy sleepe vpon þat syde.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xiii. 25 When John had fulfylled his course, he sayde, whome ye thinke that I am the same am I not.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Sam. vii. 12 Whan thy tyme is fulfylled y^t thou shalt slepe with thy fathers.

1611 Bible (King James) Exod. v. 13 Fulfill your workes, your dayly taskes.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 204 'Tis yours, O Queen! to will The Work, which Duty binds me to fulfil.

1761 H. Farmer Inq. Nature & Design Christ's Temptation iv. 78 He..was solicitous to answer the ends and fulfil the period of his ministry.

1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 786 Six thousand years of sorrow have well-nigh Fulfilled their tardy and disastrous course.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles ii. xxix. 74 Whose ill-timed speed Fulfill'd my soon-repented deed.

1838 W. Jones Eccl. Hist. II. xli. 291 The officers and soldiers having fulfilled the term of their service, demanded their dismissal.

1904 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 18 146 They had fulfilled their time of service.

1975 F. Exley Pages from Cold Island vii. 118 I'd failed to fulfill the second semester of a sophomore survey course.

2012 M. H. Quitt Stephen A. Douglas & Antebellum Democracy iv. 66 Again he did not fulfill his term. After one session in the Illinois legislature..he resigned his seat.

Derivatives

fulˈfillable adj.

ΚΠ

1846 Rep. Arbitration between King & Govt. Hawaiian Islands & Messrs Ladd & Co. 13 They deny the fulfillment..of conditions precedent to any which are therein stated to be fulfillable.

1946 Huntingdon (Pa.) Daily News 2 Nov. 6/2 Seeking votes on the record of past achievements and fulfillable promises.

2008 J. Flatley Affective Mapping 32 One should be able to ask what..promises of modernity are felt to be still fulfillable.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	fulfil
释义	fulfilfulfillv. Brit. /fʊlˈfɪl/, U.S. /fᵿ(l)ˈfɪl/ Forms: Old English fullfyllan, Middle English ffolfulle, Middle English folfille, Middle English folful, Middle English folfulle, Middle English foluel- (inflected form), Middle English foluelle (inflected form), Middle English folvelle, Middle English fulfel, Middle English fulfeldyn (past participle), Middle English fulfell, Middle English fulfelle, Middle English fulful- (inflected form), Middle English fulfulle, Middle English fullefille, Middle English fullefylle, Middle English fuluulle, Middle English uoluel- (inflected form), Middle English uoluelle, Middle English uuluel- (inflected form), Middle English voluel- (inflected form), Middle English voluul- (inflected form), Middle English volvulle, Middle English–1500s fullfyll, Middle English–1500s 1700s fulfylle, Middle English–1600s fulfille, Middle English–1600s fulfyl, Middle English–1600s fulfyll, Middle English–1800s fullfill, Middle English– fulfil, Middle English– fulfill (now chiefly U.S.), 1500s ffulfill, 1500s fulffyl, 1500s fulffyll, 1600s folfil; also Scottish pre-1700 ffowlffil, pre-1700 fowfull, pre-1700 fullful. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: full adv., fill v. Etymology: < full adv.+ fill v. Compare to fill full at fill v. 1 and (with senses relating to completion) also full-bring vb. at full adj., n.², and adv. Compounds 2b, full-do v., fullfreme v., and full-work v.Notes on specific senses. In uses in sense 5b after the corresponding extended uses in post-classical Latin (Vulgate) of classical Latin adimplēre (see adimplete v.) and implēre (see implete v.), in turn after ancient Greek πληροῦν (as used in Hellenistic Greek in the New Testament and Septuagint), in turn after Hebrew mālē' to fill, (in extended use) to carry out, to bring to realization. †1. a. To fill to the full, fill up, make full. Frequently with (or occasionally of). (a) transitive. In material senses. Obsolete (archaic in later use).In quot. OE translating classical Latin complēre (see complete adj.) in a discussion of Latin word-formation. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > completely fulfilOE of-fillc1275 to fill upa1616 OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 153 Impleo, ic gefylle; compleo, ic fullfylle; suppleo, ic fylle. c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 217 Þo serganz uuluelden þo faten of watere. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4319 Al þat huge halle was hastili fulfulled. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. i. 28 Growe ȝe & be ȝe multiplied, & fulfylle ȝe þe erþ [L. replete terram]. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 102 Aftirward I fulfillide þe wounde with hoot oile of rosis. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. lxxix^v/2 All the londe therof shal be fulfyllid with deserte. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. B.iv^v Simple and pure fleshe, whiche fulfylleth the concauities of voyde places. 1591 (?a1425) Adam & Eve (Huntington) in R. M. Lumiansky & D. Mill Chester Myst. Cycle (1974) I. 16 All beastes, I byd you multyplye..the yearth to fulfill. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 676 The world has received animals..and is fulfilled with them. (b) transitive. In immaterial senses. Obsolete (in later use chiefly archaic or poetic). ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > specifically in immaterial sense fillOE fulfila1300 replete1482 replenishc1529 stuff1531 install1577 charge1581 saturate1737 brim1844 supercharge1846 implete1862 earwig1880 infill1880 a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 125 Lefdi ful-fillid of pite. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 93 (MED) Þet is þe welle of blisse..þet may uoluelle þe herte. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 852 He [sc. God]..fulfild þis world al wid his grace. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) v. xiv. 80 The Apostles..were fulfylled with the holy ghoost. c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll l. 90 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 222 Hys hearte was fullfylled all with thought. ?1561 Homylye Rogation Weke Rogation Week i sig. ¶¶ i He..fulfylleth both heauen and earth with his presence. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus ii. 12 Be not drunke with wine, but be fulfilled with the spirit. 1781 J. Sparrow et al. tr. J. Böhme Wks. IV. ii. x. 270 The Covenant fulfilled with the heavenly Substance. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Poems 35 Her subtil, warm, and golden breath Which mixing with the infant's blood Fullfills him with beatitude. 1864 A. C. Swinburne Atalanta 2120 Filling thine eyes And fulfilling thine ears With the brilliance of battle. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 313 When he was fulfilled of this delight He gat him to the bank well satisfied, And thought to do on him his raiment bright. 1909 N. Royde-Smith Second Probl. Bk. 87 Some souls we admire But fulfil them just once to o'erflow With Thought's spirit. 1926 E. R. Eddison Worm Ouroboros xxiv. 308 The corridor was fulfilled with the flare of flamboys and the din. b. transitive. To spread through the whole extent of; to pervade. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [verb (transitive)] > pervade through-seeka1200 filla1300 fulfila1382 to run through ——1638 penetrate1652 inequitate1653 pervade1659 permeate1660 compenetrate1686 perradiate1848 impenetrate1859 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxiii. 24 Whether not heuene and erthe Y fulfille [L. impleo]? seith the Lord. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 772 Whan we vnbounnde were, Al erthe in-vyroun we dede fulfylle, Serchyng whom we myght noye. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Dan. ii. E The stone..became a greate mountayne, which fulfylleth the whole earth. 1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 436 The glorie of the Lord fulfilling the house. a1627 W. Fowler tr. Petrarch Triumphs in Wks. (1914) I. 18 Who, worthye scollaris.., Fulfild thair countreis with thair works dewyne. c. transitive. To supply fully with what is desired; to fill (a person, the soul, etc.) as with food; to satisfy the appetite of. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply [verb (intransitive)] > supply want fulfilc1384 the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > [verb (transitive)] > satisfy (needs or desires) sleckc1175 stanch1340 fulfilc1384 satiatec1450 satisfyc1475 slockc1480 expletea1500 supplya1513 satisfice?1531 suffice1533 stake1550 to fill up1600 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xv. 33 Therfore wherof so many loouys to vs in desert, that we fulfille [L. saturemus] so grete a cumpanye of peple? c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xv. 37 Alle eten, and weren fulfillid [L. saturati sunt]. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 503 Thyn empti wombe ech day to fulfill, Yiff thou myhtest han [emended in ed. to haue] vitaile at thi will! a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xxvii. l. 158 (MED) Neuere fulfilled scholen we ben Certein, Ne Neuere Replet with non Mete. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 139 (MED) Bettyr is that men desyre hym to hyre, than of his Speche men fulfillit be. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 3 (MED) Many wordes fulfilliþ not þe soule. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 3 (MED) Þe eye is not fulfilled wiþ þe siȝt nor þe ere wiþ heringe. †2. transitive. To hold or occupy (a vacant place); take (the place of something). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > supplanting or replacement > supplant, replace [verb (transitive)] fulfila1200 underplantc1200 supplanta1398 subplanta1425 recompense?a1439 supply1567 bestead1596 second1600 reimplace1611 transplace1621 displant1630 succenturiate1650 supersede1657 substitute1675 recruit1711 replace1753 displace1774 substitute1775 supplace1777 outplace1928 a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 33 Man sholde fuluullen englene sete. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 221 Þat it miȝte fulfille þe place of þe þrote. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 289 Whiche gete turfes..to fullefille the stede of woode. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. clxxix His wretchyd Carcas shall the voyde graue fulfyll. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. B.ij^v Some [bones] to fulfyll the hollowe places, as in the handes and feete. a1670 J. Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 496 To know precisely..what nourishment is best to fulfilthe place of that which decays daily in our body. 3. †a. transitive. To make complete; to supply what is lacking in (formerly also with †forth). Obsolete.In quot. a1393: (intransitive) to make up for what is lacking. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > make complete [verb (transitive)] > complete, fill up, or make up to make up one's mouthc1175 fulfila1225 through-fill?c1225 upspeed1338 supplya1398 araisea1440 to make outa1562 accomplish1577 complement1643 implement1843 a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Initio Creaturae (Vesp. A.xxii) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 219 Þat teonðe werod..awende on yfele, oðer al swa fele þe me mihte þat tioðe hape fulfellen. c1300 St. Michael (Laud) 214 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 305 Þare-fore man is i-wrouȝt, To fulfulle þe teoþe ordre þat was out of heouene i-brouȝt. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Philipp. ii. 2 Fulfille [L. implete] ȝe my ioye. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 1584 (MED) Where lacketh good, the word fulfilleth To make amendes for the wrong. c1400 Last Age of Church (1840) p. xxvii Cristen men hauen xxi lettris..& ȝeuynge to eche .c., þe newe Testament was endid whanne þe noumbre of þes assingned lettris was fulfillid. 1473 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 30 Item iij quarteris of blak to fulfill furth the lynyng of the Queynis goone. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. i. 130 Þe new faderis chosin..to fulfill þe auld now[mer] of faderis afore mynist. 1556 R. Robinson tr. T. More Utopia (ed. 2) sig. Ivi^v Then they fulfyll and make vp the numbre with cytezens. 1606 B. Barnes Foure Bks. Offices ii. 26 His successor Lewes the 12 superadded one prelate and two more counsellours fulfilling the number of 20. 1742 J. Cennick Sacred Hymns for Children of God (new ed.) 82 Fulfil the Number of thy Saints! Accomplish all thy Purpose soon. 1833 Rep. Select Comm. Manuf., Commerce, & Shipping 577 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 690) VI. 577 [The iron master] is required to make a greater quantity of iron in order to fulfil the amount of his engagements. b. transitive. To fill up or supply the place of (something); to compensate for (a defect). Somewhat rare. ΚΠ 1642 J. Goodwin Irelands Advocate 6 Now Paul..may be said to fulfill, or fill up..the remainders or wantings, or afterlings (as it were) of the sufferings of Christ. 1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) I. 9 Glory and life Fulfil their own depletions. 1899 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 5 Aug. 333/2 The various Research Associations have hitherto in part fulfilled the want. 1933 H. Danby tr. Mishnah ii. 175 If a man has not eaten (a meal in the Sukkah) of the first Festival-day he must fulfil the lack on the night of the last Festival-day. 1960 Southern Econ. Jrnl. 27 96/1 This issue of debt had no off-setting ‘deficit’ to fulfill. 2003 A. N. LeBlanc Random Family xii. 117 Lourdes felt that the boys' friendship fulfilled lack of brother love. 4. a. transitive. To do (something); to perform, to carry out (a deed, an act, etc.); to make (a pilgrimage); to commit (a sin). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] lasteOE ylastc888 wieldeOE doeOE dreeOE forthOE fremeOE workOE affordOE full-bringc1175 fulfila1225 perfurnisha1325 complishc1374 performc1384 achievea1393 chevisea1400 practic?a1425 exploitc1425 execute1477 furnish1477 through1498 practa1513 enure1549 chare1570 enact1597 act1602 to carry out1608 outcarry1611 celebrate1615 complya1616 peract1621 tide1631 implement1837 a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) iv. 23 Wræððe næng fulfille [OE Corpus Cambr. yrre ne sceal mon fulfremman; L. iram non perficere], on þes time ne ȝeþence, ne healde faken on herte. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 130 Ȝif þer were eise. uorto fulfullen ðe dede. 1372 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 88 (MED) Wat mitht i mor ha don for þe, þat i ne haue fulfilth? a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. xix. 1158 Er he fulfilde þe dede [L. coitus complerentur]. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 35 Þei fulfillen first the more longe pilgrymage & after retournen aȝen be the nexte weyes. a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 3155 Eueryman þat wyl fulfyll Þe dedly synnys. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 160 Here am I redy, an adventures knyght that woll fulfylle any adventure that ye woll desyre. 1582 A. Munday Discouerie E. Campion sig. C6^v The deathes of these Noble Personages shoulde be presentlie fulfilled. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. L4 Where you did fulfill The lothsome act of Lust. View more context for this quotation 1617 W. Stanney Treat. Penance 407 Hee..magnified his doctrine, by his pious workes, fulfilling himselfe, what he had taught others to doe. 1671 E. Settle Cambyses iv. iv. 64 In order that we may this deed fulfill, We first will execute th' Impostor's Will. 1744 Answers P. Yeaman & J. Spence 2 A moral Obligation would remain upon a Party's own Mind to fulfil such Deeds, though the Law could not interpose to compel him. 1746 J. Wesley Serm. Several Occasions I. 7 By fulfilling the Deeds of the Law, no Flesh can be justified in his Sight. 1856 Interview 68/1 There was a watchful servant, the eye, which, immediately it saw the act fulfilled, reported to the mind that it had been done. 1861 Brownson's Q. Rev. July 304 This Divine fulness is not the fulness of the creative act, or the creative act fulfilled. 1904 Advocate of Peace Sept. 165/2 In fighting they were acting not only according to their conscience, but even fulfilling a righteous deed. 2010 N. Foster & S. Sule German Legal Syst. & Laws (ed. 4) ii. ix. 356 A wants to kill B but is afraid he might not have the courage to fulfil the deed. b. transitive. To carry out (something commanded or required); to obey, to follow (the law, a command, etc.); to accomplish (a duty, task, mission, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > a command or law fulfila1225 servea1325 fathera1425 practisea1464 actuate1594 a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Digby) cl, in Anglia (1878) 1 26 Godes laȝe he uoluelð, þo niewe and þo ealde, þet þos two loue haueð and wel hi wile healde. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1222 To fulfillen godes reed. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 5148 That thing mai he noght fulfille. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9736 Þi will i sal euermar full-fill. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. xvi. f. l^v My mayster..whiche constrayneth me to fulfylle his wylle. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aiii So to study this present treatyse, that they may fulfyll it in their lyuyng. 1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete (new issue) sig. N.vii He byddeth vs when we feele our owne weakenes and vnablenes to fulfyll hys law, to come vnto hym. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 402 The Law of God exact he shall fulfill . View more context for this quotation 1769 J. Brown Dict. Holy Bible I. 509 To fulfil requests and desires, is to grant the things desired. 1777 H. Blair Serm. I. iv. 111 Let us carry on our preparation for heaven..by fulfilling the duties and offices of every station in life. 1834 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. I. v. 75 In what sense do we fulfil the words of Christ? 1868 Morning Post 4 Sept. 7/4 By closing the doors to them anticipately and inopportunely, you place them in the impossibility of fulfilling that mission. 1916 G. Lee Diary 20 May in Home Fires Burning (2006) 168 I have just been fulfilling the new Daylight Saving Law. 1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 14 Oct. 966/2 Determining how the hospital and its personnel fulfill their medical tasks. 1997 J. Bowker World Relig. 130/2 Jewish boys come of age at 13. This means they should fulfil all the commandments. 2015 Church Times 9 Jan. 29/2 We do, indeed, know what we need to know in order to fulfil our vocation. c. transitive. To achieve, to realize (a purpose, plan, end); to satisfy, to meet (a requirement, condition, standard, etc.); to perform (a function). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > suit or be suitable for [verb (transitive)] > be adequate for the case or conditions fulfila1425 serve1445 satisfy1526 answer1581 fit1603 respond1677 meet1785 implement1857 to fill the bill1882 a1425 (?1348) R. Rolle Form of Living (Arun.) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 136 Strynth is lastynge to fulfil gode purpos. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 193 The tyme of renouynge [read remouynge] þe sewynge is when þat he haþ fulfilled his ende. 1531 tr. E. Fox et al. Determinations Moste Famous Vniuersities iv. f. 93 It is wrytten in the Leuiticall, that the brother can not haue the brothers spouse, we commaunde the, that thou suffre not this fore sayde Henry to fulfyll his purpose. 1537 Inst. Christen Man f. 90 And in case we doo not fulfyll this condycyon: that we praye vnto god, that he shall neuer shewe mercy vnto vs. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 55 Gif the donator fulfills not the condition adjected to the donation. a1658 J. Durham Clavis Cantici (1668) 131 He is timous and seasonable in fulfilling his purposes. 1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 93 If all..Fulfill the purpose, and appear design'd Proofs of the wisdom of th' all-seeing Mind. View more context for this quotation 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §304 Every stone fulfils its place inside and out. 1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. ii. 10 The numerous haunts which fulfilled with that idle people the office of cafés and clubs at this day. 1861 J. S. Mill Considerations Representative Govt. i. 1 To inquire what form of government is best fitted to fulfil those purposes. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 200 The Cretan laws..fulfil the object of laws, which is to make those who use them happy. 1919 H. Etheridge Dict. Typewriting 62 The letter copier, with chemically-prepared paper, seems to fulfil all requirements. 1946 Nature 3 Aug. 176/1 Stable stars cannot be formed unless one of two conditions is fulfilled. 1978 M. Gordon Final Payments vii.139 People who fulfill minimum standards of home care. 2007 Guardian 10 Dec. (Digital Media Law Suppl.) 3/3 Using pre-ticked boxes fails to fulfill the condition that consent must be a clear and unambiguous indication of wishes. 5. a. transitive. To gratify (a desire, a wish, etc.); to satisfy (the appetite, hunger, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > carry into effect (a command, promise, plan, etc.) fillOE fulfilc1300 performc1300 executec1405 to draw in(to) consequencec1420 forthfillc1420 persolve1548 to go through ——a1586 effecta1593 to fill up1600 complete1680 to carry (something) into effect (also execution, practice, etc.)1715 implement1806 to put into effect1936 the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > achieve or effect > a wish, prophecy, etc. fillOE fulfilc1300 forthfillc1420 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed [verb (reflexive)] > of a person: work out one's destiny fulfilc1300 realize1937 c1300 St. Mary of Egypt (Laud) l. 6 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 261 [In lechery] heo hadde so gret delijt þat in hire owene londe heo ne miȝte fulfulle hire owene wille. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 96 (MED) Þo þet habbeþ honger and þorst of riȝt..ssol by uolueld. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 6842 Þe seyuende ȝere lete hit ly stille þe pouer men hunger for to fulfille. c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 125 (MED) Desijr which is not fulfillid lettiþ ful and parfite reste and pees to be. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 37/1 The king continued his inordinate desire of inriching himselfe, for the fulfilling of which hungrie appetite..he pinched manie so sore. 1592 T. Tymme Plaine Discouerie Ten Eng. Lepers F ij Not to sustaine nature..but to fulfill insaciable gurmandize. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 114 To fulfill his greedy and endlesse appetite. 1660 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist 48 What man laboring to fulfil his desire is not ten times further off by being vassallaged more thereunto? 1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. iv. 54 Fulfil thy stern Desire, Burst all her Gates, and wrap her Walls in Fire! 1722 A. Philips Briton i. i May Jove, the Guardian of the Capitol..Fulfill your Hopes. 1836 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 160 I welcom'd was, yet something still Methinks was wanting to fulfill Content's old appetite. 1893 A. M. Fairbairn Place Christ in Mod. Theol. ii. ii. iii. 441 Love regards an object whose good it desires; righteousness is the conduct which fulfils the desire of love. 1947 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 5 June 6/2 As a raw material, volcanic ash fulfils the industrialist's fondest desires. 1991 N. Stenger in M. Benedikt Cyberspace iv. 56 [They] will no doubt see evil in a technique that actually may fulfill a deep thirst for the real. 2007 J. Hede Reading Dante vi. 222 When a man in accordance with nature fulfills his hunger or thirst by eating or drinking, he satisfies a desire that is a natural appetite. b. transitive. To carry out (a promise); to bring (a prophecy) to realization; to make (a prediction, prayer, dream, etc.) come true. Also reflexive and intransitive. ΚΠ c1300 St. Lucy (Laud) 119 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 104 Ȝuit it scholde bi-foren eov alle bi folfuld bi me her. a1333 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 16 Y-voluuld ys Davidþes sawe. c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 1198 Þe prophecye of Symeon Was folfuld [a1450 Bodl. Add. fulfylled] þo bi þon. 1400 G. ap Dafydd ap Gruffudd Let. 11 June in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 6 Other thinges he behizt me the qwich he fulfullyt not. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 694 Thilke comenant..I wele fulfille. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Zech. Contents ch. x Thorow corporal promises, the prophet ledeth men vnto the promises that are fulfilled in Christ. 1539 Bible (Great) Matt. v. 17 I am not come to destroye, but to fulfyll [Gk. πληρῶσαι]. a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 43 His purpose was onely to get money: but God's purpose was (thereby) to bring Mary to Bethlehem. Hee, to fill full his Coffers, God, to fulfill the Prophecies. 1642 R. Vines Calebs Integrity 3 Promises must fulfill themselves, even though we be not in capacity of them. 1724 P. Walker Some Remarkable Passages Life A. Peden 90 When he came to the witty lown-warm Air of Edinburgh,..he forgot to fulfill his Promise. 1784 Theol. Repository IV. 122 Prophecies..contribute to fulfil themselves. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. i. 165 The universal prayer, therefore, is to be fulfilled. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vii. 149 If you be, what I think you, some sweet dream, I would but ask you to fulfil yourself. 1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire iv. 62 Full of bright promise never fulfilled. 1922 N.Y. Tribune 9 Apr. 17/1 Cambridge fulfilled the prophecies of the experts. 1970 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Oct. 7/6 The leadership campaign and convention will permit the party to fulfil completely its historical commitment to ideology. 2013 Daily Tel. 14 Nov. 24/2 President Hassan Rouhani moved to fulfil an election promise. c. transitive. To realize the full potential of (a person); to fill with a sense of satisfaction or self-realization; reflexive to develop one's gifts or character to the full; to gain happiness or satisfaction by achieving one's potential or realizing one's aspirations. ΚΠ 1894 R. C. Praed Christina Chard I. v. 129 You are to fulfil yourself. You are to ‘vague’ no more. You can be returned to Parliament easily, at once. 1920 R. Macaulay Potterism vi. v. §8. 259 Jane would, no doubt, fulfil herself in the course of time, make an adequate figure in the world she loved. 1968 S. Landau Bridging Two Worlds viii. 56 He was a man who had few material and recreational needs. His work fulfilled him completely. 1993 N.Y. Times Mag. 21 Nov. 69/3 Passive women, waiting for a man to come along and fulfill them—not just any man but the man of their dreams. 2010 H. Jacobson Finkler Question ii. 44 To my eye you have fulfilled yourself more than most men. You're a household name. 6. transitive. To finish, complete, bring to an end (a period of time, piece of work, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] to make an endc893 afilleOE endc975 fullOE full-doOE full-workOE fullendOE fullfremeOE full-forthlOE fillc1175 fulfilc1300 complec1315 asum1340 full-make1340 performa1382 finisha1400 accomplishc1405 cheve1426 upwindc1440 perfurnish?c1450 sumc1450 perimplish1468 explete?a1475 fullcome1477 consume1483 consomme1489 perimplenish1499 perfect1512 perfinish1523 complete1530 consummate1530 do1549 to run out1553 perfectionate1570 win1573 outwork1590 to bring about1598 exedifya1617 to do up1654 ratifyc1720 ultimate1849 terminate1857 c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) 145 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 5 Ȝwane þe time were fol-fuld, ore louerd him wolde bi-þenche. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 262 Þis boc is uolueld ine þe eue of þe holy apostles Symon an Iudas. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 168 Þere is fulfillid þe firste digestioun of þe guttis. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) v. i. 72 A thynge that is infynyte maye not be fulfilled. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 71 (MED) Turne þe vpon þy left syde and fulfylle þy sleepe vpon þat syde. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xiii. 25 When John had fulfylled his course, he sayde, whome ye thinke that I am the same am I not. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Sam. vii. 12 Whan thy tyme is fulfylled y^t thou shalt slepe with thy fathers. 1611 Bible (King James) Exod. v. 13 Fulfill your workes, your dayly taskes. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 204 'Tis yours, O Queen! to will The Work, which Duty binds me to fulfil. 1761 H. Farmer Inq. Nature & Design Christ's Temptation iv. 78 He..was solicitous to answer the ends and fulfil the period of his ministry. 1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 786 Six thousand years of sorrow have well-nigh Fulfilled their tardy and disastrous course. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles ii. xxix. 74 Whose ill-timed speed Fulfill'd my soon-repented deed. 1838 W. Jones Eccl. Hist. II. xli. 291 The officers and soldiers having fulfilled the term of their service, demanded their dismissal. 1904 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 18 146 They had fulfilled their time of service. 1975 F. Exley Pages from Cold Island vii. 118 I'd failed to fulfill the second semester of a sophomore survey course. 2012 M. H. Quitt Stephen A. Douglas & Antebellum Democracy iv. 66 Again he did not fulfill his term. After one session in the Illinois legislature..he resigned his seat. Derivatives fulˈfillable adj. ΚΠ 1846 Rep. Arbitration between King & Govt. Hawaiian Islands & Messrs Ladd & Co. 13 They deny the fulfillment..of conditions precedent to any which are therein stated to be fulfillable. 1946 Huntingdon (Pa.) Daily News 2 Nov. 6/2 Seeking votes on the record of past achievements and fulfillable promises. 2008 J. Flatley Affective Mapping 32 One should be able to ask what..promises of modernity are felt to be still fulfillable. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.OE
随便看	θ118337 θ118338 θ118339 θ11834 θ118340 θ118341 θ118342 θ118343 θ118344 θ118345 θ118346 θ118347 θ118348 θ118349 θ11835 θ118350 θ118351 θ118352 θ118353 θ118354 θ118355 θ118356 θ118357 θ118358 θ118359