forfendv.
/fɔːˈfɛnd/, /fəˈfɛnd/, U.S. /fɔrˈfɛnd/ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > prohibit [verb (transitive)]
forwarnc893
warnc893
forbidOE
forhightc1315
defendc1325
forfend1382
dischargec1450
prohibit?a1475
bidc1475
withsay1484
fenda1500
abara1504
prohibit1526
debara1529
forbodec1540
exempt1553
forspeak1565
disbar1567
forsay1579
enjoin1589
abjudicate1602
countermanda1616
forjudge1675
restrict1766
oppose1814
fen1823
embargo1824
nix1903
ixnay1937
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Kings xii. 8 And the prestis ben forfendid to eny more takyn monee of the puple.
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 70 Þe wedding of prestis, or of cosynis in þe þrid or ferd degre, is not forfendid bi þe autorite of þe oolde lawe.
1493 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Pynson) i. i. B j b Gregory..prised him for..he forfendyd them to worshyp ymages.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 555/2 Naye, I forfende that, for that is no playe.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark i. f. 10 That law forfended to were any clothing of linsaye wolsaye.
1635 E. Pagitt Relig. Britons in Christianogr. 29 Anselme..forefended Priests to have Wives.
1660 E. Stillingfleet Irenicum ii. viii. 390 Whether it be forfended by Goddes Law.
1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 86 This ingenious veterinarian forefends the practice of mixing clay in the stuffing.
2. † b. To check, refrain, withhold. Obsolete.
a. To avert, keep away or off, prevent; esp. in deprecatory phrase God (etc.) forfend; often with sentence as object; also absol. as an exclamation. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > obviate > prevent the occurrence of or avert
werec925
withsitc1300
shun1338
to turn awaya1382
forfend1382
declinec1430
stopa1538
divert1548
refract1563
withturn1563
antevert1583
avert1586
pervert1594
deprive1627
averruncate1663
stave1664
to stop off1891
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > [phrase] > God forbid
God, Heaven, the Lord forbid?c1225
God's forbode1377
God (etc.) forfend1530
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Sam. xxiv. 25 The veniaunce is forfendyd fro Yrael.
1530 Ordin. in S. Young Ann. Barber-surgeons London (1890) 583 As God fforfende.
1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias lvii. 120 There stood in the water..a great number, alwaies forfending our landing.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vi. 65 Now heauen forfend, the holy Maid with child? View more context for this quotation
1640 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata (new ed.) xcix. §984 They joine themselves in company with the godly..as guardians to forfend..mischiefes.
1732 H. Fielding Covent-Garden Trag. i. iii. 4 Behold thee carted—oh! forefend that Sight.
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. ii. iii. 131 ‘The fiend forfend,’ said the grim Earl.
1859 I. Taylor Logic in Theol. 226 May we not forfend the successes of our rivals by adopting their principles.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid iii, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 161 Gods forefend this menace.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)]
pindeOE
steerc950
hold971
forbidc1000
withstewc1175
withholdc1200
stewa1225
crempa1250
bistintc1300
i-stillc1315
withdraw1340
entemperc1380
rebukec1380
forfenda1382
refraina1382
refrainc1390
restraina1393
restayc1400
retainc1415
to hold abackc1440
overholda1450
reclaim?c1450
revokec1450
bedwynge1480
sniba1500
repressa1525
rein1531
inhibit1535
to keep back1535
cohibit1544
reprimec1550
lithe1552
to rein up1574
check1581
embridle1583
to rein in1593
retrench1594
refrenate1599
to hold back1600
snip1601
becheck1605
sneap1611
trasha1616
supersede1645
reprimand1689
snape1691
to clap a guy on1814
to pull up1861
to pull in1893
withstrain1904
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. i. 15 Forfende thi foot fro the sties of hem.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. viii. 2 And the watris ben lessid..and reynes fro hevene ben forfendid.
3. To secure or protect by precautionary measures. Now chiefly U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [verb (transitive)] > take precautions against
forfend1591
to arm against ——1598
secure1623
precaution1690
fend1712
1591 R. Wilmot Tancred & Gismund Pref. sig. A Gismond..doth humbly pray, Heauens to forefend your loues from like decay.
1875 G. J. Holyoake Hist. Co-operation in Eng. I. 250 Some men by..energy, and enterprise are able to forfend themselves against suffering.
1887 in Amer. Missionary Oct. 283 This is forefended by the fact that [etc.].
1892 Nation (N.Y.) 28 Apr. 327/2 ‘The sacrifice of the Mississippi’..was forefended against even the treason of Wilkinson.
Derivatives
forˈfended adj.
ΚΠ
c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 223 Adam and Eve syneden..by etyng of þe forfendid appul.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxii. 11 Haue you neuer found my brothers way, To the forfended place? View more context for this quotation
forˈfending n.
ΚΠ
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 170/1 Forbedynge..or forefendynge..prohibicio.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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