fellnessn.

Brit.

/ˈfɛlnəs/, U.S.

/ˈfɛlnəs/

Forms: see fell adj.¹, adv., and n.² and -ness suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fell adj.¹, -ness suffix.

Etymology: < fell adj.¹ + -ness suffix.

†1. Shrewdness, wisdom. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > sharpness, shrewdness, insight > [noun]

sharpnessc897

yepshipc1000

insightc1175

yepleȝȝcc1175

yephedea1250

wit1297

fellnessa1382

policyc1440

discerningc1450

policec1450

inspectiona1527

perceivance1534

aptitude1548

sagacity1548

acuity?1549

nimbleness1561

acumen1579

seeing eye1579

esprit1591

acuteness1601

depth1605

penetration1605

knowingness1611

shrewdnessa1616

piercingnessa1628

discernment1646

sharpwittedness1647

nasuteness1660

arguteness1662

sagaciousness1678

perceptivity1700

keenness1707

cuteness1768

intuition1780

recollectedness1796

long-headedness1818

perceptiveness1823

kokum1848

incision1862

incisiveness1865

penetrativeness1873

flair1881

hard-boiledness1912

smart1964

spikiness1977

sus1979

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job v. 13 That caccheth wise men in ther felnesse [L. astutia].

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. i. 4 That felnesse [L. astutia] be ȝeue to litle childer.

1439 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 394 (MED) Men of holy chirche..þe which be men of grett ymaginacyoun, of felness, and of gret voyce and auctorite in the people.

†2. Treachery, deceitfulness; craftiness. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. viii. x. 470 [Scorpio] haþ þe hous..of gilefulnes and felnes, and of witt.

c1440 (?c1350) in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 48 Þis worde Gaste sownnes sumwhate into fellenes.

†a. With reference to a natural force, disease, etc.: keenness, fierceness; intense painfulness; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > keenness or fierceness of wind

fellness?c1400

bite1881

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun] > painfulness

sorenessc1000

painfulnessc1400

fellness1642

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > anguish or torment

piningOE

anguishc1225

pinsing?c1225

tormentc1290

afflictiona1382

martyrdomc1384

tormentryc1386

labourc1390

martyryc1390

throea1393

martyre?a1400

cruelty14..

rack?a1425

hacheec1430

prong1440

agonya1450

ragea1450

pang1482

sowing1487

cruciation1496

afflict?1529

torture?c1550

pincha1566

anguishment1592

discruciament1593

excruciation1618

fellness1642

afflictedness1646

pungency1649

perialgia1848

perialgy1857

racking1896

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. met. vi. l. 618 Þe felnesse of þe wynde [L. saevis Aquilonibus].

a1450 (c1400) in D. M. Grisdale 3 Middle Eng. Serm. (1939) 35 (MED) Tis lepur is infectif for felnis.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 466 If that [sc. the felon upon the hand] were out the felnesse would cease.

1798 C. B. Brown Wieland xix. 207 The fellness of a gloomy hurricane but faintly resembled the discord that reigned in my mind.

a1894 R. L. Stevenson Weir of Hermiston (1896) iii. 27 He glanced about the audience in a sudden fellness of terror.

b. With reference to a person or animal, their actions or attributes: fierceness, harshness, savagery; cruelty; malignity; an instance of this. In early use also: †sternness, severity (obsolete). Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-will > [noun]

evil willc897

leth971

loathc1175

atterness?c1225

ill1303

maltalentc1330

ill-willingnessa1340

talenta1380

malignityc1390

ill willa1400

fellnessc1410

malevolencec1454

malignation?c1500

hatefulness1548

malignance1605

malevolency1635

malignancy1640

reptilism1821

fiendism1852

unbenignity1867

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [noun]

rethenesseOE

grimcundleȝcc1175

fellhead1340

ferteec1380

fiercenessc1384

savagenessa1400

grimliness14..

fellnessc1410

bestialitya1413

fierceheadc1440

cruelness?a1475

inhumanity1477

bremeness?1529

fury1534

tigerness1535

bruteness1538

immanity1539

wolvishness?1548

ferity?c1550

brutishness1567

truculency1569

Phalarism1581

ferocity1606

savagerya1616

brutality1633

inhumanness1649

wolfishness1676

boarishness1682

brutism1687

truculence1727

ferociousness1766

bestialism1824

tigerhood1846

Calibanism1859

unhumanness1885

inhumanism1907

Hunnishness1914

society > authority > strictness > [noun] > severity or sternness

rethenesseOE

grimness971

hardnessOE

sternhead1297

sharpnessa1325

reddoura1375

fiercetya1382

sternness1382

fiercenessc1384

sturdinessc1384

fellnessc1410

austeritya1425

raddourc1440

austerenessa1450

severity1530

cruelness1537

cruelty1556

severeness1579

tender mercies1611

piquancya1677

Draconianism1819

astringency1823

Draconism1832

hard-handedness1849

starkness1884

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [noun]

rethenesseOE

grimness971

sternhead1297

sharpnessa1325

reddoura1375

sternness1382

fiercenessc1384

sturdinessc1384

duressc1400

fellnessc1410

austeritya1425

harshnessc1480

roughness1530

severity1530

durity1543

ungentleness1548

severeness1579

ruggedness1638

atrocity1641

austereness1646

piquancya1677

Draconianism1819

astringency1823

Draconism1832

starkness1884

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [noun]

grimcundleȝcc1175

fellhead1340

ferteec1380

fiercetya1382

fiercenessc1384

grimliness14..

fellnessc1410

fierceheadc1440

grillc1450

cruelness?a1475

tigerness1535

wolvishness?1548

ferity?c1550

truculency1569

cursedness1589

ferocity1606

wolfishness1676

boarishness1682

brutishness1683

truculence1727

ferociousness1766

tiger1825

tigerhood1846

Hunnishness1914

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [noun]

evil willc897

leth971

loathc1175

atterness?c1225

ill1303

maltalentc1330

ill-willingnessa1340

talenta1380

malignityc1390

ill willa1400

with hard (also sorry) gracec1405

malevolencec1454

malignation?c1500

malignitiesa1529

hatefulness1548

malignance1605

fiendishness1613

malevolency1635

malignancy1640

fellness1678

malevolentness1727

malignantness1727

reptilism1821

unbenignity1867

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > cruelty > [noun]

rethenesseOE

crueltyc1230

cruelnessa1400

savagenessa1400

cruelc1440

crudelity1483

savagec1487

savagerya1616

reluctationa1625

fellness1678

heartlessness1891

c1410 tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 151 [Gregory VI] a man of religioun and felnes [L. severitatis].

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 55 Oþir servantis..tellen to God þis felnes, and preien him of venjance.

c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 39 (MED) As of comoun wylde Cattes..euery hunter in Ingelond knowethe hem and her felnesse and malice wel inowe.

a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 417 In a grete felnesse and angre he sente messyngers for the foxe.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Sii He that thretteth a dogge for his barkyng, prouoketh hym to more felnesse.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 145 Þe freike in his felnes the fuerse kyng hade slayne.

1587 T. Hughes Certaine Deuises iv. ii. 37 No feare, nor fellnes failde on either side.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxxi. i. 399 The nation of the Hunnes..exceedeth in felnesse and crueltie beyond all measure.

1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Of Anger iv. 23 in Seneca's Morals Abstracted (1679) There is a Ghastly kind of fellness in the Aspect of a Mad-Dog.

1719 E. Young Busiris i. 10 Such was the Fellness of his boiling Rage.

1771 G. Lyttelton Hist. Henry II III. 59 The fellness of this most inhuman deed rather irritated than satiated his barbarous thirst of revenge.

1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision II. vi. 25 Look how that beast to felness hath relaps'd From having lost correction of the spur.

1864 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia IV. xv. xiii. 192 A fellness of humour against Friedrich.

2015 D. F. Wilson Call of Agon xiv, in Children of Telm (e-book, accessed 9 Feb. 2017) It would surprise me little to know that a fellness came from there in the dark stretches of the night.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	fellness
释义	fellnessn. Brit. /ˈfɛlnəs/, U.S. /ˈfɛlnəs/ Forms: see fell adj.¹, adv., and n.² and -ness suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fell adj.¹, -ness suffix. Etymology: < fell adj.¹ + -ness suffix. †1. Shrewdness, wisdom. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > sharpness, shrewdness, insight > [noun] sharpnessc897 yepshipc1000 insightc1175 yepleȝȝcc1175 yephedea1250 wit1297 fellnessa1382 policyc1440 discerningc1450 policec1450 inspectiona1527 perceivance1534 aptitude1548 sagacity1548 acuity?1549 nimbleness1561 acumen1579 seeing eye1579 esprit1591 acuteness1601 depth1605 penetration1605 knowingness1611 shrewdnessa1616 piercingnessa1628 discernment1646 sharpwittedness1647 nasuteness1660 arguteness1662 sagaciousness1678 perceptivity1700 keenness1707 cuteness1768 intuition1780 recollectedness1796 long-headedness1818 perceptiveness1823 kokum1848 incision1862 incisiveness1865 penetrativeness1873 flair1881 hard-boiledness1912 smart1964 spikiness1977 sus1979 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job v. 13 That caccheth wise men in ther felnesse [L. astutia]. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. i. 4 That felnesse [L. astutia] be ȝeue to litle childer. 1439 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 394 (MED) Men of holy chirche..þe which be men of grett ymaginacyoun, of felness, and of gret voyce and auctorite in the people. †2. Treachery, deceitfulness; craftiness. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. viii. x. 470 [Scorpio] haþ þe hous..of gilefulnes and felnes, and of witt. c1440 (?c1350) in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 48 Þis worde Gaste sownnes sumwhate into fellenes. 3. †a. With reference to a natural force, disease, etc.: keenness, fierceness; intense painfulness; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > keenness or fierceness of wind fellness?c1400 bite1881 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun] > painfulness sorenessc1000 painfulnessc1400 fellness1642 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > anguish or torment piningOE anguishc1225 pinsing?c1225 tormentc1290 afflictiona1382 martyrdomc1384 tormentryc1386 labourc1390 martyryc1390 throea1393 martyre?a1400 cruelty14.. rack?a1425 hacheec1430 prong1440 agonya1450 ragea1450 pang1482 sowing1487 cruciation1496 afflict?1529 torture?c1550 pincha1566 anguishment1592 discruciament1593 excruciation1618 fellness1642 afflictedness1646 pungency1649 perialgia1848 perialgy1857 racking1896 ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. met. vi. l. 618 Þe felnesse of þe wynde [L. saevis Aquilonibus]. a1450 (c1400) in D. M. Grisdale 3 Middle Eng. Serm. (1939) 35 (MED) Tis lepur is infectif for felnis. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 466 If that [sc. the felon upon the hand] were out the felnesse would cease. 1798 C. B. Brown Wieland xix. 207 The fellness of a gloomy hurricane but faintly resembled the discord that reigned in my mind. a1894 R. L. Stevenson Weir of Hermiston (1896) iii. 27 He glanced about the audience in a sudden fellness of terror. b. With reference to a person or animal, their actions or attributes: fierceness, harshness, savagery; cruelty; malignity; an instance of this. In early use also: †sternness, severity (obsolete). Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-will > [noun] evil willc897 leth971 loathc1175 atterness?c1225 ill1303 maltalentc1330 ill-willingnessa1340 talenta1380 malignityc1390 ill willa1400 fellnessc1410 malevolencec1454 malignation?c1500 hatefulness1548 malignance1605 malevolency1635 malignancy1640 reptilism1821 fiendism1852 unbenignity1867 the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [noun] rethenesseOE grimcundleȝcc1175 fellhead1340 ferteec1380 fiercenessc1384 savagenessa1400 grimliness14.. fellnessc1410 bestialitya1413 fierceheadc1440 cruelness?a1475 inhumanity1477 bremeness?1529 fury1534 tigerness1535 bruteness1538 immanity1539 wolvishness?1548 ferity?c1550 brutishness1567 truculency1569 Phalarism1581 ferocity1606 savagerya1616 brutality1633 inhumanness1649 wolfishness1676 boarishness1682 brutism1687 truculence1727 ferociousness1766 bestialism1824 tigerhood1846 Calibanism1859 unhumanness1885 inhumanism1907 Hunnishness1914 society > authority > strictness > [noun] > severity or sternness rethenesseOE grimness971 hardnessOE sternhead1297 sharpnessa1325 reddoura1375 fiercetya1382 sternness1382 fiercenessc1384 sturdinessc1384 fellnessc1410 austeritya1425 raddourc1440 austerenessa1450 severity1530 cruelness1537 cruelty1556 severeness1579 tender mercies1611 piquancya1677 Draconianism1819 astringency1823 Draconism1832 hard-handedness1849 starkness1884 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > harshness or severity > [noun] rethenesseOE grimness971 sternhead1297 sharpnessa1325 reddoura1375 sternness1382 fiercenessc1384 sturdinessc1384 duressc1400 fellnessc1410 austeritya1425 harshnessc1480 roughness1530 severity1530 durity1543 ungentleness1548 severeness1579 ruggedness1638 atrocity1641 austereness1646 piquancya1677 Draconianism1819 astringency1823 Draconism1832 starkness1884 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [noun] grimcundleȝcc1175 fellhead1340 ferteec1380 fiercetya1382 fiercenessc1384 grimliness14.. fellnessc1410 fierceheadc1440 grillc1450 cruelness?a1475 tigerness1535 wolvishness?1548 ferity?c1550 truculency1569 cursedness1589 ferocity1606 wolfishness1676 boarishness1682 brutishness1683 truculence1727 ferociousness1766 tiger1825 tigerhood1846 Hunnishness1914 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [noun] evil willc897 leth971 loathc1175 atterness?c1225 ill1303 maltalentc1330 ill-willingnessa1340 talenta1380 malignityc1390 ill willa1400 with hard (also sorry) gracec1405 malevolencec1454 malignation?c1500 malignitiesa1529 hatefulness1548 malignance1605 fiendishness1613 malevolency1635 malignancy1640 fellness1678 malevolentness1727 malignantness1727 reptilism1821 unbenignity1867 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > cruelty > [noun] rethenesseOE crueltyc1230 cruelnessa1400 savagenessa1400 cruelc1440 crudelity1483 savagec1487 savagerya1616 reluctationa1625 fellness1678 heartlessness1891 c1410 tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 151 [Gregory VI] a man of religioun and felnes [L. severitatis]. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 55 Oþir servantis..tellen to God þis felnes, and preien him of venjance. c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 39 (MED) As of comoun wylde Cattes..euery hunter in Ingelond knowethe hem and her felnesse and malice wel inowe. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 417 In a grete felnesse and angre he sente messyngers for the foxe. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Sii He that thretteth a dogge for his barkyng, prouoketh hym to more felnesse. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 145 Þe freike in his felnes the fuerse kyng hade slayne. 1587 T. Hughes Certaine Deuises iv. ii. 37 No feare, nor fellnes failde on either side. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxxi. i. 399 The nation of the Hunnes..exceedeth in felnesse and crueltie beyond all measure. 1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Of Anger iv. 23 in Seneca's Morals Abstracted (1679) There is a Ghastly kind of fellness in the Aspect of a Mad-Dog. 1719 E. Young Busiris i. 10 Such was the Fellness of his boiling Rage. 1771 G. Lyttelton Hist. Henry II III. 59 The fellness of this most inhuman deed rather irritated than satiated his barbarous thirst of revenge. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision II. vi. 25 Look how that beast to felness hath relaps'd From having lost correction of the spur. 1864 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia IV. xv. xiii. 192 A fellness of humour against Friedrich. 2015 D. F. Wilson Call of Agon xiv, in Children of Telm (e-book, accessed 9 Feb. 2017) It would surprise me little to know that a fellness came from there in the dark stretches of the night. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1382
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