firestonen.

Brit.

/ˈfʌɪəstəʊn/, U.S.

/ˈfaɪ(ə)rˌstoʊn/

Forms: see fire n. and stone n.; also Old English fyrsta (probably transmission error).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fire n., stone n.

Etymology: < fire n. + stone n. In sense 1a probably partly after classical Latin pyrītēs pyrites n. With sense 1 compare Middle Dutch vuursteen (Dutch vuursteen ), Middle Low German vǖrstēn , Old High German fiurstein (Middle High German viurstein , German Feuerstein ), all denoting a stone that can be used for striking fire (in later use specifically flint; compare sense 1b).The meaning of firestone (and its cognates) in early uses of sense 1 can be ambiguous, as two different kinds of stone are needed for striking fire, ideally a stone with a high silica content (typically flint) and a stone with a high iron content (e.g. iron pyrites or marcasite); the latter was replaced by a piece of iron or steel as these materials became available (compare fire iron n. 1, fire steel n. at fire n. and int. Compounds 2a), but the association of pyrites and marcasite with firemaking persisted for much longer (compare pyrites n. 1).

1. A stone that can be used in striking fire.

a. Iron pyrites (see pyrites n. 2); a piece of this. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group > pyrite

firestone1440

pyrites1567

mundic1662

maxy1671

pyrite1741

magistral1824

fool's gold1828

brass1829

OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 86 Pirites uel focaris lapis, fyrsta[n].

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 (MED) In tenontz forsoþ with firestonez or marcasitez [L. cum lapidibus piritalibus seu marcasitis]..ybrent or cast in aceto in stuphyng þe place..did magic.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 161 Fyyr stone, for to smyte wythe fyre, focaris.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 46^v The fire stone in Liguria though it bee quenched with milke, yet againe it is kindled with water.

1671 J. Webster Metallographia 114 Marchasites or Fire Stones.

a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) i. 176 In Yorkshire, where these [sc. Pyritæ] are called Fire-Stones.

1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind ix. 246 Iron pyrites..shared with flint, the name of Fire-stone.

1907 J. G. Millais Newfoundland i. 28 In the cemetery were deposited alongside the bodies..two fire-stones (radiated iron pyrites), from which the Beothicks produced fire.

2010 A. Chapman European Encounters Yamana People 177 Iron pyrite (called fool's gold and fire-stone) was also used and not difficult to obtain.

b. A flint (flint n. 2), esp. the flint of a firearm. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > flint or steel

flinta700

firestoneeOE

pyritesOE

steelc1220

fire ironc1300

pyrite stonec1475

fire striker1483

furisonc1540

fusil1580

fire steel1585

flintstone1585

tindern iron1586

marcasite1682

briquet1823

fleerish1825

strike-a-light1870

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > lock > flint

firestoneeOE

stone1613

flint1660

gun flint1753

eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 361 Petra focaria, fyrstan, flint.

1556 J. Withals Short Dict. (new ed.) sig. Pii/1 A fier stone to strike fier with silex.

1700 J. Astry tr. D. de Saavedra Fajardo Royal Politician I. 283 The Prince's Heart should resemble the Fire-stone or Flint.

1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. v. 87 Afterwards a firestone was screwed into the cock..This ‘firestone’ was not at first of a vitreous nature..but a compact pyrites or marcasite.

1914 J. F. Lambert & H. J. Reinhard Hist. Catasauqua 351 To start a fire the dry punk was laid down and the steel and the fire stone struck together.

2009 J. Stone Mouse xii. 87 A gun-crew member lit a section of slow match with a flint firestone.

a. A kind of stone used to line ovens, hearths, etc., because of its resistance to cracking when heated, or otherwise used for construction; esp. any of various fairly soft or porous calcareous sandstones or tufas. Formerly also: †granite (obsolete).In some early examples possibly: = freestone n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > for lining furnaces or ovens

firestone1399

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > sandstone > others

firestone1399

hassock1461

red stone1602

penistone1688

bluestone1709

gingerbread1714

brownstone1780

molasse1794

Old Red Sandstone1805

chip sand1808

fox-bench1816

New Red Sandstone1818

grey band1824

arkose1839

cankstone1845

St. Bees Sandstone1865

pietra serena1873

Ham Hill stone1889

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [noun] > making fire-proof > specific fire-proof materials

firestone1399

fire blocka1636

fireclay1686

firebrick1749

fireboard1868

silicate boarda1884

1399 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 14 De 15s. de firstan vendito Johanni Usburn.

1415 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 33 (MED) In 14s. 10d. de fyrestane vendito per Willelmum Waddeswyk cementarium, certis vicibus, per annum.

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 805 Hic abbestus a fyirstone.

1651 R. Child Large Let. in S. Hartlib Legacie 86 Sandy stones commonly called fire-stones, because they will endure strong fires.

1674 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1693) 17 696 A Wall of the best Fire-stone to keep off the force of the Fire from the Walls of the Furnace.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry vi. 95 Any soft Stone as Fire-stone, Limestone, etc., if broke small, and laid on cold Lands, must be of advantage.

1772 J. Rutty Ess. Nat. Hist. Dublin II. 130 The denomination of Firestone ought not to be retained, but that of Granite, of which it is a species.

1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water x. 56 The Carriage-way..was to be paved with Fire-stone.

1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 286 An inferior deposit called, provincially, ‘Firestone,’ and by English geologists the ‘Upper green-sand’.

1862 G. P. Scrope Volcanos (ed. 2) 384 Employed, under the name of Bakofenstein, as a fire-stone for the lining of ovens.

1913 B. S. Butler Geol. & Ore Deposits Utah (U.S. Geol. Surv.) 111 The furnaces are circular, the hearths being built of a firestone of excellent quality (volcanic tufa) found in the immediate vicinity.

1990 F. G. Dimes Conservation Building & Decorative Stone II. iv. 81/2 Firestone..is a calcareous, greenish-grey sandstone.

2003 J. Gleick Isaac Newton ix. 103 Newton studied them and practised them, in his furnaces of tin and bricks and firestones.

b. A flat stone forming a hearth or part of a hearth; a hearthstone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > hearthstone

hearthstonea1325

fire hearth1440

firestone1613

hearth-pace1621

foot pace1652

slab1876

1613 J. Rovenzon Treat. Metallica sig. D3 The furnace may bee pulled downe, & a new fire-stone, or hearth put in.

1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Firestone, a hearth stone.

1842 S. C. Hall & A. M. Hall Ireland II. 6 The stones..have been removed by the peasantry to make ‘Fire-stones’.

c1920 A. Robb Memories of Mormondside (MS) in Sc. National Dict. (1956) IV. 80/3 Only some grates to set and fire stanes to lay.

2007 R. Rivera Orphan Ahwak 43 She learned how to keep the small fire burning on the fire stone.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	firestone
释义	firestonen. Brit. /ˈfʌɪəstəʊn/, U.S. /ˈfaɪ(ə)rˌstoʊn/ Forms: see fire n. and stone n.; also Old English fyrsta (probably transmission error). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fire n., stone n. Etymology: < fire n. + stone n. In sense 1a probably partly after classical Latin pyrītēs pyrites n. With sense 1 compare Middle Dutch vuursteen (Dutch vuursteen ), Middle Low German vǖrstēn , Old High German fiurstein (Middle High German viurstein , German Feuerstein ), all denoting a stone that can be used for striking fire (in later use specifically flint; compare sense 1b).The meaning of firestone (and its cognates) in early uses of sense 1 can be ambiguous, as two different kinds of stone are needed for striking fire, ideally a stone with a high silica content (typically flint) and a stone with a high iron content (e.g. iron pyrites or marcasite); the latter was replaced by a piece of iron or steel as these materials became available (compare fire iron n. 1, fire steel n. at fire n. and int. Compounds 2a), but the association of pyrites and marcasite with firemaking persisted for much longer (compare pyrites n. 1). 1. A stone that can be used in striking fire. a. Iron pyrites (see pyrites n. 2); a piece of this. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > [noun] > pyrite group > pyrite firestone1440 pyrites1567 mundic1662 maxy1671 pyrite1741 magistral1824 fool's gold1828 brass1829 OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 86 Pirites uel focaris lapis, fyrsta[n]. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 (MED) In tenontz forsoþ with firestonez or marcasitez [L. cum lapidibus piritalibus seu marcasitis]..ybrent or cast in aceto in stuphyng þe place..did magic. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 161 Fyyr stone, for to smyte wythe fyre, focaris. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 46^v The fire stone in Liguria though it bee quenched with milke, yet againe it is kindled with water. 1671 J. Webster Metallographia 114 Marchasites or Fire Stones. a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) i. 176 In Yorkshire, where these [sc. Pyritæ] are called Fire-Stones. 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind ix. 246 Iron pyrites..shared with flint, the name of Fire-stone. 1907 J. G. Millais Newfoundland i. 28 In the cemetery were deposited alongside the bodies..two fire-stones (radiated iron pyrites), from which the Beothicks produced fire. 2010 A. Chapman European Encounters Yamana People 177 Iron pyrite (called fool's gold and fire-stone) was also used and not difficult to obtain. b. A flint (flint n. 2), esp. the flint of a firearm. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > flint or steel flinta700 firestoneeOE pyritesOE steelc1220 fire ironc1300 pyrite stonec1475 fire striker1483 furisonc1540 fusil1580 fire steel1585 flintstone1585 tindern iron1586 marcasite1682 briquet1823 fleerish1825 strike-a-light1870 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > lock > flint firestoneeOE stone1613 flint1660 gun flint1753 eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 361 Petra focaria, fyrstan, flint. 1556 J. Withals Short Dict. (new ed.) sig. Pii/1 A fier stone to strike fier with silex. 1700 J. Astry tr. D. de Saavedra Fajardo Royal Politician I. 283 The Prince's Heart should resemble the Fire-stone or Flint. 1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. v. 87 Afterwards a firestone was screwed into the cock..This ‘firestone’ was not at first of a vitreous nature..but a compact pyrites or marcasite. 1914 J. F. Lambert & H. J. Reinhard Hist. Catasauqua 351 To start a fire the dry punk was laid down and the steel and the fire stone struck together. 2009 J. Stone Mouse xii. 87 A gun-crew member lit a section of slow match with a flint firestone. 2. a. A kind of stone used to line ovens, hearths, etc., because of its resistance to cracking when heated, or otherwise used for construction; esp. any of various fairly soft or porous calcareous sandstones or tufas. Formerly also: †granite (obsolete).In some early examples possibly: = freestone n. 1a. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > for lining furnaces or ovens firestone1399 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > sandstone > others firestone1399 hassock1461 red stone1602 penistone1688 bluestone1709 gingerbread1714 brownstone1780 molasse1794 Old Red Sandstone1805 chip sand1808 fox-bench1816 New Red Sandstone1818 grey band1824 arkose1839 cankstone1845 St. Bees Sandstone1865 pietra serena1873 Ham Hill stone1889 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > quality of being incombustible > [noun] > making fire-proof > specific fire-proof materials firestone1399 fire blocka1636 fireclay1686 firebrick1749 fireboard1868 silicate boarda1884 1399 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 14 De 15s. de firstan vendito Johanni Usburn. 1415 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 33 (MED) In 14s. 10d. de fyrestane vendito per Willelmum Waddeswyk cementarium, certis vicibus, per annum. ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 805 Hic abbestus a fyirstone. 1651 R. Child Large Let. in S. Hartlib Legacie 86 Sandy stones commonly called fire-stones, because they will endure strong fires. 1674 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (1693) 17 696 A Wall of the best Fire-stone to keep off the force of the Fire from the Walls of the Furnace. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry vi. 95 Any soft Stone as Fire-stone, Limestone, etc., if broke small, and laid on cold Lands, must be of advantage. 1772 J. Rutty Ess. Nat. Hist. Dublin II. 130 The denomination of Firestone ought not to be retained, but that of Granite, of which it is a species. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water x. 56 The Carriage-way..was to be paved with Fire-stone. 1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 286 An inferior deposit called, provincially, ‘Firestone,’ and by English geologists the ‘Upper green-sand’. 1862 G. P. Scrope Volcanos (ed. 2) 384 Employed, under the name of Bakofenstein, as a fire-stone for the lining of ovens. 1913 B. S. Butler Geol. & Ore Deposits Utah (U.S. Geol. Surv.) 111 The furnaces are circular, the hearths being built of a firestone of excellent quality (volcanic tufa) found in the immediate vicinity. 1990 F. G. Dimes Conservation Building & Decorative Stone II. iv. 81/2 Firestone..is a calcareous, greenish-grey sandstone. 2003 J. Gleick Isaac Newton ix. 103 Newton studied them and practised them, in his furnaces of tin and bricks and firestones. b. A flat stone forming a hearth or part of a hearth; a hearthstone. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > hearthstone hearthstonea1325 fire hearth1440 firestone1613 hearth-pace1621 foot pace1652 slab1876 1613 J. Rovenzon Treat. Metallica sig. D3 The furnace may bee pulled downe, & a new fire-stone, or hearth put in. 1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Firestone, a hearth stone. 1842 S. C. Hall & A. M. Hall Ireland II. 6 The stones..have been removed by the peasantry to make ‘Fire-stones’. c1920 A. Robb Memories of Mormondside (MS) in Sc. National Dict. (1956) IV. 80/3 Only some grates to set and fire stanes to lay. 2007 R. Rivera Orphan Ahwak 43 She learned how to keep the small fire burning on the fire stone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.eOE
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