fast and loosen.adj.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːst (ə)n(d) ˈluːs/,

/ˌfast (ə)n(d) ˈluːs/, U.S.

/ˌfæst (ə)n ˈlus/

Forms:

α. see fast adj., or conj.¹, and loose adj., n.², and adv.

β. see fast adj., and conj.¹, adv., and n.¹, and loose adj., n.², and adv.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fast adj., or conj.¹, and conj.¹, loose adj.

Etymology: In α. forms < fast adj. + or conj.¹ + loose adj. In β. forms < fast adj. + and conj.¹ + loose adj.Despite the chronology of attestation, apparently originally the name of a game (see sense A. 3), relating to fast adj. 1a. In later use in sense A. 1 often reinterpreted as relating to fast adv. II. (compare fast adj. 9).

A. n.

1. to play fast and loose (also to play at fast and loose and variants): to be inconstant or inconsistent, esp. regarding one's obligations to others; to behave immorally or irresponsibly. Frequently followed by with.Also earlier in the reversed form to play loose or fast: see quot. a1555.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > be inconstant [verb (intransitive)]

flitc1386

waivec1425

flitter1543

to play fast and loose1557

range1557

vary1557

halve1566

to blow hot and cold1577

flirt1578

laveer1598

to weathercock it1654

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > cheat, swindle [phrase]

to pull a finchc1386

to wipe a person's nosea1475

to take (a person) at advantage(s)1523

to play fast and loose1557

to play false1576

to joint a person's nose of?1577

to make a cousin of1580

to sell smoke1589

munge1660

to sell (a person) a packet1886

to beat the count1897

to sell (a person) a pup1901

to hand (someone) a lemon1906

to sell (someone) a bill of goods1927

a1555 D. Lindsay Tragedie in Dialog Experience & Courteour (1559) sig. Siv^v Bot quho consydder wald the verite We mycht full weill, haue leuit in peace and rest Nyne or ten ʒeris, and than playit lowis or fast.]

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 64 (heading) Of a new maried studient that plaied fast or lose.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. i. 168 Play fast and loose with faith.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No 320 ⁋1 A little..playing fast and loose, between Love and Indifference.

1829 Westm. Rev. 10 185 Doctrines..which play at fast and loose with truth and falsehood.

1974 S. Malarkey & D. MacRae Themes in Lit. 188 About halfway through the poem Miss Swenson begins to play fast and loose with grammar, making verbs of nouns.

2020 Times (Scotl. ed.) (Nexis) 7 Sept. 22 You cannot..expect to be taken seriously and listened to with respect on one subject when you are playing fast and loose with another.

†2. Inconstancy, inconsistency; shiftiness. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun]

unsteadfastnessa1300

falsenessc1330

unstablenessc1380

varyingc1380

inconstancec1386

variance1390

geriness1412

instabilityc1422

changeability?a1425

mutabilitya1425

changec1425

changeableness1447

unconstancec1449

unstabilitya1470

mutableness1481

unsureness1481

instableness1483

variation1509

inconstancy1526

shittleness1530

fickleness1548

unconstancy1548

unconstantness1551

inconstantness?a1562

pliableness1562

fast and loose1575

volubility1603

levity1604

unconstability1611

flexibleness1623

vagrancy1642

self-inconsistency1655

inconsistency1665

flittingnessa1680

easiness1705

inconsistence1713

versatility1755

contrariety1762

vibration1785

changefulness1791

girouettism1825

pirouettism1839

weathercockism1843

pirouettiveness1844

volatileness1849

unfixity1856

ficklety1888

1575 T. Cartwright Second Replie agaynst Dr. Whitgiftes Second Answer p. lxxxv He can not mocke the worlde after that sorte, withe faste and loose at his pleasure.

1649 J. Milton Tenure of Kings 33 The fast and loos of our prevaricating Divines.

1706 Examiner 11 Oct. 643/3 We quote an example of the fast and loose, France proposed that Mehemet Ali should hold a part of Syria.

3. A gambling and cheating game in which players must try to guess whether or not a folded belt will be held fast by a stick when pulled: see quot. 1847. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > fast and loose > [noun]

fast and loose1578

pin and girdle1710

garter1826

strap-game1847

trick of (also o') (the) loop1886

1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 1st Pt. ii. v. sig. Ciij At fast or loose, with my Giptian, I meane to haue a cast.

a1637 B. Jonson Masque of Gypsies 53 in tr. Horace Art of Poetry (1640) Leave Pig by, and Goose, And play fast, and loose.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 116 Had forc'd his Neck into a Noose, To shew his Play, at fast and loose.

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I Fast-and-loose, a cheating game played with a stick and a belt or string, so arranged that a spectator would think he could make the latter fast by placing a stick through its intricate folds, whereas the operator could detach it at once.

2006 J. P. Ingram Idioms of Self Interest v. 111 The reference is to the con-game of ‘fast and loose’, a sort of shell game in which observers gamble on whether or not a looped belt is fixed to the table.

B. adj.

1. Inconstant, inconsistent; irresponsible, immoral.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [adjective]

unfastc888

unstathelfasteOE

unsteadfasta1200

fleeting?c1225

changeablea1275

ficklea1275

unstablec1290

waveringc1315

flickerc1325

loose in the haftc1325

motleyc1380

unsadc1384

variablea1387

variantc1386

ticklec1400

inconstant1402

flitting1413

brittle1420

plianta1425

mutablec1425

shittle1440

shittle-witted1448

moonishc1450

unconstant1483

unfirm1483

varying?a1500

pliablea1513

fluctuant1575

changeling1577

shittle-headed1580

cheverel1583

off and on1583

chameleon-like1589

changeful1590

limber1602

unsteady1604

ticklish1606

skittish1609

startling1619

labile1623

uncertaina1625

cheverelized1625

remuant1625

fluctuate1631

fluctuary1632

various1636

contrarious1643

epileptical1646

fluxilea1654

shittle-braineda1655

multivolent1656

totter-headed1662

on and off1668

self-inconsistent1678

weathercocka1680

whifflinga1680

versatile1682

veering1684

fast and loose1697

inconsistent1709

insteadfast1728

unfixing1810

unsteadied1814

chameleonic1821

labefact1874

ballastless1884

weathercocky1886

whiffle-minded1902

1697 D. Defoe Enq. Occas. Conformity Dissenters 15 I have never met with any considerable Excuse made for this fast and loose Game of Religion.

1855 J. L. Motley Rise Dutch Republic III. vi. iii. 467 The English Queen..had..almost distracted the provinces by her fast-and-loose policy.

2020 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 17 May (Print & ed. 1) 12 The..affair highlighted the government's fast and loose approach to spending taxpayer money to win an election.

2. Mechanics. Designating an arrangement of two pulleys on a revolving shaft which enables a machine to be engaged and disengaged; esp. in fast and loose pulley.The fast (fixed) pulley transmits power from the machine. When the machine is to be stopped, the belt switches to the loose (freely rotating) pulley.

ΚΠ

1809 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XII. at Diagonal If this engine is to be wrought by the application of any moving power, a fast and loose pulley may be placed on the axis of the cutter P, and the motion communicated from any shaft or drum, which moves at a proper velocity.

1856 S. C. Brees Terms & Rules Archit. Fast and loose pulleys, a very simple..contrivance for disengaging and re-engaging machinery, consisting of two pulleys. One pulley is fixed on an axle, another, having a bush, is loose. The band conveying the motion may consequently be shifted from one pulley to the other at pleasure.

1915 Gas Jrnl. 19 Jan. 140/1 A fast-and-loose drive from the motor pulley is by no means necessary, provided the starting gear is designed to start the motor against its full load.

2009 K. C. John Textbk. Machine Drawing (2010) xvi. 226/1 To start or stop the driven shaft of a belt-driven system, while the driving shaft is rotating continuously, a fast and loose pulley arrangement is used.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	fast and loose
释义	fast and loosen.adj. Brit. /ˌfɑːst (ə)n(d) ˈluːs/, /ˌfast (ə)n(d) ˈluːs/, U.S. /ˌfæst (ə)n ˈlus/ Forms: α. see fast adj., or conj.¹, and loose adj., n.², and adv. β. see fast adj., and conj.¹, adv., and n.¹, and loose adj., n.², and adv. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: fast adj., or conj.¹, and conj.¹, loose adj. Etymology: In α. forms < fast adj. + or conj.¹ + loose adj. In β. forms < fast adj. + and conj.¹ + loose adj.Despite the chronology of attestation, apparently originally the name of a game (see sense A. 3), relating to fast adj. 1a. In later use in sense A. 1 often reinterpreted as relating to fast adv. II. (compare fast adj. 9). A. n. 1. to play fast and loose (also to play at fast and loose and variants): to be inconstant or inconsistent, esp. regarding one's obligations to others; to behave immorally or irresponsibly. Frequently followed by with.Also earlier in the reversed form to play loose or fast: see quot. a1555. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > be inconstant [verb (intransitive)] flitc1386 waivec1425 flitter1543 to play fast and loose1557 range1557 vary1557 halve1566 to blow hot and cold1577 flirt1578 laveer1598 to weathercock it1654 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > cheat, swindle [phrase] to pull a finchc1386 to wipe a person's nosea1475 to take (a person) at advantage(s)1523 to play fast and loose1557 to play false1576 to joint a person's nose of?1577 to make a cousin of1580 to sell smoke1589 munge1660 to sell (a person) a packet1886 to beat the count1897 to sell (a person) a pup1901 to hand (someone) a lemon1906 to sell (someone) a bill of goods1927 a1555 D. Lindsay Tragedie in Dialog Experience & Courteour (1559) sig. Siv^v Bot quho consydder wald the verite We mycht full weill, haue leuit in peace and rest Nyne or ten ʒeris, and than playit lowis or fast.] 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 64 (heading) Of a new maried studient that plaied fast or lose. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. i. 168 Play fast and loose with faith. View more context for this quotation 1712 R. Steele Spectator No 320 ⁋1 A little..playing fast and loose, between Love and Indifference. 1829 Westm. Rev. 10 185 Doctrines..which play at fast and loose with truth and falsehood. 1974 S. Malarkey & D. MacRae Themes in Lit. 188 About halfway through the poem Miss Swenson begins to play fast and loose with grammar, making verbs of nouns. 2020 Times (Scotl. ed.) (Nexis) 7 Sept. 22 You cannot..expect to be taken seriously and listened to with respect on one subject when you are playing fast and loose with another. †2. Inconstancy, inconsistency; shiftiness. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun] unsteadfastnessa1300 falsenessc1330 unstablenessc1380 varyingc1380 inconstancec1386 variance1390 geriness1412 instabilityc1422 changeability?a1425 mutabilitya1425 changec1425 changeableness1447 unconstancec1449 unstabilitya1470 mutableness1481 unsureness1481 instableness1483 variation1509 inconstancy1526 shittleness1530 fickleness1548 unconstancy1548 unconstantness1551 inconstantness?a1562 pliableness1562 fast and loose1575 volubility1603 levity1604 unconstability1611 flexibleness1623 vagrancy1642 self-inconsistency1655 inconsistency1665 flittingnessa1680 easiness1705 inconsistence1713 versatility1755 contrariety1762 vibration1785 changefulness1791 girouettism1825 pirouettism1839 weathercockism1843 pirouettiveness1844 volatileness1849 unfixity1856 ficklety1888 1575 T. Cartwright Second Replie agaynst Dr. Whitgiftes Second Answer p. lxxxv He can not mocke the worlde after that sorte, withe faste and loose at his pleasure. 1649 J. Milton Tenure of Kings 33 The fast and loos of our prevaricating Divines. 1706 Examiner 11 Oct. 643/3 We quote an example of the fast and loose, France proposed that Mehemet Ali should hold a part of Syria. 3. A gambling and cheating game in which players must try to guess whether or not a folded belt will be held fast by a stick when pulled: see quot. 1847. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > fast and loose > [noun] fast and loose1578 pin and girdle1710 garter1826 strap-game1847 trick of (also o') (the) loop1886 1578 G. Whetstone Promos & Cassandra: 1st Pt. ii. v. sig. Ciij At fast or loose, with my Giptian, I meane to haue a cast. a1637 B. Jonson Masque of Gypsies 53 in tr. Horace Art of Poetry (1640) Leave Pig by, and Goose, And play fast, and loose. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 116 Had forc'd his Neck into a Noose, To shew his Play, at fast and loose. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I Fast-and-loose, a cheating game played with a stick and a belt or string, so arranged that a spectator would think he could make the latter fast by placing a stick through its intricate folds, whereas the operator could detach it at once. 2006 J. P. Ingram Idioms of Self Interest v. 111 The reference is to the con-game of ‘fast and loose’, a sort of shell game in which observers gamble on whether or not a looped belt is fixed to the table. B. adj. 1. Inconstant, inconsistent; irresponsible, immoral. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [adjective] unfastc888 unstathelfasteOE unsteadfasta1200 fleeting?c1225 changeablea1275 ficklea1275 unstablec1290 waveringc1315 flickerc1325 loose in the haftc1325 motleyc1380 unsadc1384 variablea1387 variantc1386 ticklec1400 inconstant1402 flitting1413 brittle1420 plianta1425 mutablec1425 shittle1440 shittle-witted1448 moonishc1450 unconstant1483 unfirm1483 varying?a1500 pliablea1513 fluctuant1575 changeling1577 shittle-headed1580 cheverel1583 off and on1583 chameleon-like1589 changeful1590 limber1602 unsteady1604 ticklish1606 skittish1609 startling1619 labile1623 uncertaina1625 cheverelized1625 remuant1625 fluctuate1631 fluctuary1632 various1636 contrarious1643 epileptical1646 fluxilea1654 shittle-braineda1655 multivolent1656 totter-headed1662 on and off1668 self-inconsistent1678 weathercocka1680 whifflinga1680 versatile1682 veering1684 fast and loose1697 inconsistent1709 insteadfast1728 unfixing1810 unsteadied1814 chameleonic1821 labefact1874 ballastless1884 weathercocky1886 whiffle-minded1902 1697 D. Defoe Enq. Occas. Conformity Dissenters 15 I have never met with any considerable Excuse made for this fast and loose Game of Religion. 1855 J. L. Motley Rise Dutch Republic III. vi. iii. 467 The English Queen..had..almost distracted the provinces by her fast-and-loose policy. 2020 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 17 May (Print & ed. 1) 12 The..affair highlighted the government's fast and loose approach to spending taxpayer money to win an election. 2. Mechanics. Designating an arrangement of two pulleys on a revolving shaft which enables a machine to be engaged and disengaged; esp. in fast and loose pulley.The fast (fixed) pulley transmits power from the machine. When the machine is to be stopped, the belt switches to the loose (freely rotating) pulley. ΚΠ 1809 A. Rees Cycl. (1819) XII. at Diagonal If this engine is to be wrought by the application of any moving power, a fast and loose pulley may be placed on the axis of the cutter P, and the motion communicated from any shaft or drum, which moves at a proper velocity. 1856 S. C. Brees Terms & Rules Archit. Fast and loose pulleys, a very simple..contrivance for disengaging and re-engaging machinery, consisting of two pulleys. One pulley is fixed on an axle, another, having a bush, is loose. The band conveying the motion may consequently be shifted from one pulley to the other at pleasure. 1915 Gas Jrnl. 19 Jan. 140/1 A fast-and-loose drive from the motor pulley is by no means necessary, provided the starting gear is designed to start the motor against its full load. 2009 K. C. John Textbk. Machine Drawing (2010) xvi. 226/1 To start or stop the driven shaft of a belt-driven system, while the driving shaft is rotating continuously, a fast and loose pulley arrangement is used. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1557
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