fascistn.adj.
/ˈfaʃɪst/, U.S. /ˈfæʃəst/ A. n.
1.
a. Usually with capital initial. A member of one of the nationalist fasci in Italy in the period immediately after the First World War (1914–18); (subsequently) a member or supporter of the National Fascist Party which emerged from these groups during 1921 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini (1883–1945), and controlled the government of Italy from 1922 to 1943. See also fascio n. and fascism n. 1a, and cf. fascista n. 1a. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > Italian politics > [noun] > Mussolinism or Italian fascism > Italian fascist
fascist1919
fascista1920
1919 Observer 19 Oct. 14/2 Among the parties we have the Moderates, the Clericals, the Liberals-Radicals, the Republicans, the Socialists, the Nationalists, and the ‘Fascists’—a group, this, of political opportunists which, beyond expressing ultra-patriotic doctrines, seems to have no more definite policy than that of attaining to power.
1921 Economist 16 Apr. 780/1 Newspapers are full of reports of encounters and fights between ‘fascists’ and ‘communists’.
1926 Sat. Rev. 28 Aug. 228/1 Up to October, 1920, I have found the names of thirty-three anti-Fascists who were killed by the Fascists.
1938 W. S. Churchill Into Battle (1941) 15 The Fascists of Italy, the Party-men, are asking themselves whether all this is to the permanent safety..of their native land.
2005 Contemp. European Hist. 14 37 When he heard that Leandro had become a Fascist, Settimio had wondered whether it might not be better to discard his surname.
b. gen. A member of a political organization advocating fascism (fascism n. 1b); (more generally) an advocate or follower of fascism, its principles, or ideology; a proponent of any extreme right-wing ideology.See note at fascism n. 1b for further details.social fascist: see social fascist n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > fascism > [noun] > adherent of
fascist1921
Blackshirt1922
Nazi skin1983
society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [noun] > the right > adherent of
praetorian1647
illiberal1818
rightist1894
right-winger1920
fascist1921
righty1961
establishmentarian1962
New Rightist1977
neo-con1979
1921 Times 27 Aug. 8/3 And end, said the [Socialist] manifesto, must be made to the rule of the Fascists, Swasticas (the anti-Semites), and the Steel Hats.
1922 Manch. Guardian 14 Nov. 12/3 (headline) Hungarian fascists suppressed.
1928 Outlook 26 May 645/2 Indeed, I cannot help wondering whether the suggestion does not originally emanate from the British Fascists.
1936 M. Plowman Faith called Pacifism 74 Fascists in all countries are obliged openly to acknowledge their reliance upon war as a means of policy.
1940 N. Mitford Pigeon Pie iii. 39 Luke was an awful old fascist.
1961 H. Thomas Spanish Civil War viii. 70 José Antonio Primo de Rivera..gradually emerged as the Leader of all the Spanish Young Fascists.
1977 Third Way 14 July 22/2 The majority of the right-wing Christian groups would not be explicit fascists or racists.
1991 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 30 Nov. d3/5 ‘ZOG’, which stands for Zionist Occupational Government..is the password of American fascists who believe that the American government is controlled by Zionists.
2003 P. Morgan Fascism in Europe v. 172 Both Rexists and French fascists fought in their respective national armies against the Germans in 1940.
2. In extended use (depreciative).
a. A person who behaves in a manner perceived as autocratic, intolerant, or oppressive; esp. one who advocates a particular viewpoint or practice in a manner that seeks to enforce conformity. Cf. fascism n. 2a.
ΚΠ
1945 N.Y. Amsterdam News 21 July 7 b/3 Petty fascists like Lou Foster, the racketeer boss in the play.., must not be permitted to step on the little peoples of the world.
1968 J. V. Hagopian J. F. Powers 81 His greatest contempt is for those petty Fascists of the parishes who live benighted lives in actual contempt of the spirit of the Church.
1977 R. Rendell Judgement in Stone (1979) iii. 21 Daddy's such a ghastly fascist.
1991 Atlanta Jrnl. & Constit. (Nexis) 19 June d14 Almost every job I've had, my boss has been a fascist.
2005 K. Billerbeck With this Ring, I'm Confused iv. 31 There's no romance. The guy's a complete fascist.
b. With modifying word, specifying the particular aspect of life or sphere of activity concerned. Cf. fascism n. 2b.
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the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > bigotry, intolerance > [noun] > person
bigot1683
intolerant1765
fascist1958
Archie Bunker1971
chauvinist1977
fascista1987
1958 A. Ellis Sex without Guilt xiv. 174 All these beliefs of the sexual fascist, precisely like those of his politically fascist brother, are completely arbitrary and scientifically groundless.
1969 Tucson (Arizona) Daily Citizen 11 Apr. 13/1 Opponents of sex education often are called ‘sex fascists’ or termed ‘hung up on sex’, Shofstall said.
1983 Washington Post 19 Jan. e15/2 Somebody once called me a food fascist, but I'm really an anarchist. I think everybody should eat well.
1997 Canad. Lawyer Jan. 46/2 It'll be fun to see what happens when the tobacco fascists run headlong into the human rights fascists.
2009 Independent 25 Nov. (Life section) 9/4 I'm a bit of a spelling fascist, but still have blind spots over words like ‘privilege’ or ‘separate’ that cause me grief and shame.
B. adj. (chiefly attributive).
1.
a. With capital initial. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of the nationalist fascisti or Fascists in Italy (see sense A. 1a, fascista n. 1a); of or relating to Italian Fascism (fascism n. 1a). Now historical.
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1921 Observer 13 Feb. 13/4 Socialists..set upon their Fascist companions in the workshop.
1922 Daily Mail 17 Nov. 7 Signor Mussolini, the Fascist leader, to-day made his first speech in the Chamber.
1929 H. Walpole Hans Frost ii. 146 At Venice..a Fascist official at the railway station had been abominably vulgar.
1938 Ann. Reg. 1937 320 The foreign policy of Fascist Italy.
1971 Tablet 26 June 616/1 In remoter mountain villages there are still a few examples of the slogans which..survived..the collapse of Fascist rule.
1973 P. Arnold & C. Davis Hamlyn Bk. World Soccer 126/1 Pozzo's azzurri, garbed here in Fascist black, capitalized on mistaken French tactics.
2012 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 Oct. 33/1 The biennio rosso, the two years (1919–1920) of left-wing power that preceded the period of Fascist violence (1921–1922).
b. gen. Of, relating to, or characteristic of fascism (fascism n. 1b) or fascists (sense A. 1b); supporting or advocating the principles or ideology of fascism. Frequently with capital initial.See note at fascism n. 1b for further details.social fascist: see social fascist adj.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > fascism > [adjective]
fascist1922
fascistic1922
1922 Manch. Guardian 15 Sept. 10/3 ‘The Awakening Hungarians’ are re-organising their association on a Fascist basis.
1922 Times 16 Dec. 11/7 The leader of the Fascist movement in Mexico says that in six months they expect to have a membership of a million.
1939 A. Huxley After Many a Summer ix. 112 What about this Spanish business—fighting for liberty and democracy against fascist aggression?
1940 W. H. Auden in I Believe 30 I cannot see how a Socialist country could tolerate the existence of a Fascist party any more than a Fascist country could tolerate the existence of a Socialist party.
1960 S. M. Lipset Polit. Man v. 133 Fascist ideology, though antiliberal in its glorification of the state, has been similar to liberalism in its opposition to big business, trade-unions, and the socialist state.
1977 J. Monaco How to read Film iv. 275 The destruction of the young phenomenon of Chilean film by the Fascist military putsch of 1973 in that country is one of the most tragic developments in recent film history.
2001 Mirror (Nexis) 5 May 21 His reputation for supporting white supremacy and fascist groups in France, Italy and South Africa is well known.
2. Behaving in a manner perceived as autocratic, intolerant, or oppressive; advocating a particular viewpoint or practice in a manner that seeks to enforce conformity; (also) characterized by behaviour of this kind.
ΚΠ
1941 Christian Cent. 8 Oct. 1249/1 Banners carried by the marchers announced: ‘Police are public servants, not oppressors’; ‘We want no fascist cops’ and ‘Police brutality has got to go’.
1968 F. Exley Fan's Notes i. 31 ‘Good,’ I said. ‘I hope he busted all three of those fascist pigs in the nose.’
1971 Black Scholar Apr. 12/1 The occupation of the black community by the fascist police force.
1990 Musician Aug. 28/3 I do retain ultimate control over the way the music sounds, but I'm not a fascist bullyboy. I love being part of the group.
2001 FourFourTwo Oct. 95/1 The older guard can look forward to a pint. So can the players, as non-league football is less fascist about refuelling than the professional game.
Compounds
fascist salute n. a salute made with a raised straight arm and the hand outstretched, with the palm facing down and the fingers together, used in place of handshaking by Italian Fascists and subsequently adopted by most fascist movements; cf. Nazi salute n. at Nazi n. and adj. Compounds 2.
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1922 Irish Times 1 Nov. 5/7 The new Premier and his Ministers then took the oath and gave the characteristic Fascisti salute.]
1922 Illustr. London News 9 Dec. 939/1 (caption) A Fascist salute over the coffin.
1937 Life 1 Nov. 66/2 (caption) Spanish Communists in Santander unclench their fists for the Italian conquerors, give the Fascist salute.
1991 Dance Res. 9 52 Certain works..have flirted unpleasantly with Neo-Nazi imagery—fascist salutes, black-uniformed power—offered uncritically as signals of glamorous chic.
2012 Wall St. Jrnl. 25 Aug. a9/2 Before the judge read the sentence, he raised a fascist salute, thrusting his right fist in the air.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.adj.1919