fallowingn.

Brit.

/ˈfaləʊɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈfæloʊɪŋ/

Forms: see fallow v.² and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fallow v.², -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < fallow v.² + -ing suffix¹.Compare (apparently related) Old English fylging , faelging , in uncertain sense, attested in glossaries rendering both classical Latin novale land brought under cultivation for the first time, land left uncultivated between crops, (also) cultivated land, field, and post-classical Latin occa (see discussion at fallow n.¹):eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 82/2 Naualia [probably read noualia], faelging.eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 332 Occa, furh, fylging, walh [probably read falh].The form fylging apparently shows a form of the base with i-mutation (early West Saxon *fielging ), and this is probably also true of faelging (if interpreted as reflecting a Mercian form); if so, the forms derive either from a corresponding weak Class I verb (unattested in Old English; compare β. forms at fallow v.² and discussion at that entry), or from fallow n.¹ (compare discussion of mutated forms at that entry and at fallow v.²). Compare also discussion of place-name evidence at felling n.

1. The action or operation of ploughing and breaking up land; an instance of this. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun]

eartheOE

earingOE

ploughing1374

fallowing1426

labouragec1475

ardagh1483

eara1500

fallowa1500

arder1581

waining1585

stitch1600

caruage1610

furrow1610

till1647

aration1663

bouting1733

breast-ploughing1754

prairie-breaking1845

sodbusting1965

1426–7 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) 196 (MED) Pro felyyng et steryng.

c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 618/29 Varracio, valwynge.

a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 45 (MED) Þe firste day off erynge, falowinge & sowynge.

1532 G. Hervet tr. Xenophon Treat. Househ. (1768) 63 Falowynge and stirryng of the grounde, helpeth very moche to the sowynge.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 40 At the first fallowing they marle the grounde.

1620 G. Markham Farwell to Husbandry Pref. to Rdr. Sixe seuerall plowings, as fallowing in Ianuary and February, Stirring in Aprill and May, Foiling in Iuly and August [etc.].

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 35 These several Ploughings or Fallowings are very advantageous to Ground in several respects.

1724 L. Slator Instr. Cultivating & Raising Flax & Hemp ii. 5 When the Soil is Clay, the first Plowing it has, ought to be in the common Season of fallowing.

1789 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 1 139 [The field] had received two fallowings.

1823 Farmer's Mag. Aug. 335 In valuing tillages upon land in the former state, the full amount of rent, taxes, dressings, manure, and labour, for the whole process of fallowing during the preceding year, is taken into account.

1862 J. Wilson Farming vi. 206 A process of fallowing..has obliterated the former ridges.

1918 H. M. Hays Notes on Wks. & Days of Hesiod 69 After the crop had been taken off the following summer, it was left unoccupied till the next spring when the same process of fallowing was repeated.

1950 Mudgee (New S. Wales) Guardian 6 Nov. Fallowing was held up owing to the water-logged conditions of the ground, and less winter fallow than normal has been prepared.

2. The practice of allowing land to lie fallow for a period (see fallow v.² 3); an instance of this.Recorded earliest in summer fallowing n.bare-fallowing, summer fallowing: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > systems of cultivation > fallowing

summer fallow1601

winter fallow1601

fallowing1610

summer fallowing1610

foiling1616

pin fallow1688

winter-fallowing1707

summer-working1778

bare-fallowing1829

summer work1886

1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia i. ix. 23 Wilde Oates pestering and pilling of Tilthes, are best destroyed by Summer fallowings.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ i. 9 For the same reason are the Summer Fallowings advantagious to the Husbandman, not onely for the destroying of the weeds.

a1699 T. Nourse Campania Fœlix (1700) ii. 29 Fallowing of Ground every third or every fourth Year, is excellent good Husbandry.

1762 A. Dickson Treat. Agric. iii. vi. 343 With the assistance of fallowing, [the land] carries very good crops.

1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire 434 The advantages which that..soil must derive from summer fallowing.

1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon vii. 143 When fallowing, or a preparation for rotting the green sward, is intended.

1881 Daily News 4 June 5/5 A..quantity of land set apart for bare fallowing.

1929 H. A. A. Nicholls & J. H. Holland Text-bk. Trop. Agric. (ed. 2) i. iii. 25 The resting or fallowing of land restores fertility by allowing time for the air to permeate the soil.

1990 R. Critchfield Among British ii. 151 The Council for the Protection of Rural England wants to curtail fertilizer use, reduce grazing..and go back to rotational fallowing.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	fallowing
释义	fallowingn. Brit. /ˈfaləʊɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈfæloʊɪŋ/ Forms: see fallow v.² and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: fallow v.², -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < fallow v.² + -ing suffix¹.Compare (apparently related) Old English fylging , faelging , in uncertain sense, attested in glossaries rendering both classical Latin novale land brought under cultivation for the first time, land left uncultivated between crops, (also) cultivated land, field, and post-classical Latin occa (see discussion at fallow n.¹):eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 82/2 Naualia [probably read noualia], faelging.eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 332 Occa, furh, fylging, walh [probably read falh].The form fylging apparently shows a form of the base with i-mutation (early West Saxon fielging ), and this is probably also true of faelging* (if interpreted as reflecting a Mercian form); if so, the forms derive either from a corresponding weak Class I verb (unattested in Old English; compare β. forms at fallow v.² and discussion at that entry), or from fallow n.¹ (compare discussion of mutated forms at that entry and at fallow v.²). Compare also discussion of place-name evidence at felling n. 1. The action or operation of ploughing and breaking up land; an instance of this. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] eartheOE earingOE ploughing1374 fallowing1426 labouragec1475 ardagh1483 eara1500 fallowa1500 arder1581 waining1585 stitch1600 caruage1610 furrow1610 till1647 aration1663 bouting1733 breast-ploughing1754 prairie-breaking1845 sodbusting1965 1426–7 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) 196 (MED) Pro felyyng et steryng. c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 618/29 Varracio, valwynge. a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 45 (MED) Þe firste day off erynge, falowinge & sowynge. 1532 G. Hervet tr. Xenophon Treat. Househ. (1768) 63 Falowynge and stirryng of the grounde, helpeth very moche to the sowynge. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 40 At the first fallowing they marle the grounde. 1620 G. Markham Farwell to Husbandry Pref. to Rdr. Sixe seuerall plowings, as fallowing in Ianuary and February, Stirring in Aprill and May, Foiling in Iuly and August [etc.]. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 35 These several Ploughings or Fallowings are very advantageous to Ground in several respects. 1724 L. Slator Instr. Cultivating & Raising Flax & Hemp ii. 5 When the Soil is Clay, the first Plowing it has, ought to be in the common Season of fallowing. 1789 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 1 139 [The field] had received two fallowings. 1823 Farmer's Mag. Aug. 335 In valuing tillages upon land in the former state, the full amount of rent, taxes, dressings, manure, and labour, for the whole process of fallowing during the preceding year, is taken into account. 1862 J. Wilson Farming vi. 206 A process of fallowing..has obliterated the former ridges. 1918 H. M. Hays Notes on Wks. & Days of Hesiod 69 After the crop had been taken off the following summer, it was left unoccupied till the next spring when the same process of fallowing was repeated. 1950 Mudgee (New S. Wales) Guardian 6 Nov. Fallowing was held up owing to the water-logged conditions of the ground, and less winter fallow than normal has been prepared. 2. The practice of allowing land to lie fallow for a period (see fallow v.² 3); an instance of this.Recorded earliest in summer fallowing n.bare-fallowing, summer fallowing: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > systems of cultivation > fallowing summer fallow1601 winter fallow1601 fallowing1610 summer fallowing1610 foiling1616 pin fallow1688 winter-fallowing1707 summer-working1778 bare-fallowing1829 summer work1886 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia i. ix. 23 Wilde Oates pestering and pilling of Tilthes, are best destroyed by Summer fallowings. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ i. 9 For the same reason are the Summer Fallowings advantagious to the Husbandman, not onely for the destroying of the weeds. a1699 T. Nourse Campania Fœlix (1700) ii. 29 Fallowing of Ground every third or every fourth Year, is excellent good Husbandry. 1762 A. Dickson Treat. Agric. iii. vi. 343 With the assistance of fallowing, [the land] carries very good crops. 1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire 434 The advantages which that..soil must derive from summer fallowing. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon vii. 143 When fallowing, or a preparation for rotting the green sward, is intended. 1881 Daily News 4 June 5/5 A..quantity of land set apart for bare fallowing. 1929 H. A. A. Nicholls & J. H. Holland Text-bk. Trop. Agric. (ed. 2) i. iii. 25 The resting or fallowing of land restores fertility by allowing time for the air to permeate the soil. 1990 R. Critchfield Among British ii. 151 The Council for the Protection of Rural England wants to curtail fertilizer use, reduce grazing..and go back to rotational fallowing. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1426
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