exigentn.¹

Brit.

/ˈɛksᵻdʒ(ə)nt/,

/ˈɛɡzᵻdʒ(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈɛɡzədʒənt/,

/ˈɛksədʒənt/

Forms: Middle English–1500s exigente, Middle English–1600s exigend, Middle English– exigent, 1500s exegent, 1600s exgent.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French exigende, exigent; Latin exigenda.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman exigende, exigend (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), also, with suffix substitution (see -ent suffix), exigent (a1437 or earlier), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin exigenda (feminine or neuter) proceedings preliminary to outlawry (frequently from 1275 in British sources), use as noun of gerundive of classical Latin exigere (see exact v.).With writ of exigent compare post-classical Latin breve exigendi , breve de exigendo (14th cent. in British sources). With to put in exigent at Phrases 1 compare Anglo-Norman mettre à l'exigende, mettre en exigende (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), post-classical Latin ponere in exigenda, ponere in exigendo, ponere in exigendis (frequently from 1275 in British sources).

Law. Now historical.

A writ instructing a sheriff to summon a defendant to appear and answer the plaintiff, or else be declared an outlaw. Also writ of exigent.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ > other writs compelling or empowering sheriff

withernam1292

exigenta1325

scire facias1445

fieri-facias?1463

distringas1467

compulsorya1513

praemunirea1529

writ of waste1528–30

exigi facias1589

liberate1590

justicies1592

peremptory1606

pone1607

pone per vadium1607

levari faciasa1625

letters (or commissions) of fire and sword1678

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xli. 106 So þat te exigendes, ant houtlaȝinges, ant te presentemens þerof, ben idon in eire þoru þe coroner of þe contreie.

1431 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1431 §21. m. 7 To awarde execution for the saide besecher..and theropon an exigent if he be not found.

1464 R. Calle in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 299 He hathe taken suerte that ye schall appere in the Crastino Animarum vpon the exigentes returnable.

1491–2 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1491 §23. m. 9 By reason of eny processe or exigend made..within the same countie.

a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 275 (MED) Ye shall..excersise the office of Coronurshippe..and truly recorde exigentes & Inquicicions afore you takon.

a1558 W. Stanford Expos. Kinges Prerog. (1567) f. 47 For that that hee that is outlawed was emprisoned meane betweene the awardynge of the exigent and the outlawrie pronounced.

c1613 (c1509) in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 204 If I wold suffer the exigend, which I had agaynst you, not to goe out agaynst you.

a1674 J. Vaughan Rep. & Arguments (1677) (Bushell's Case 1670) 158 The party came into Court and demanded Oyer of the Exigent.

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 60 What Charms [must that Lady have]! that can..Null Decree, and Exigent!

1752 A. McDouall Inst. Laws Scotl. II. 287 Those that are in default till the exigent in treason, felony, or petit larceny, tho' they render themselves to justice, forfeit their chattels.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 283 If a non est inventus is returned upon all of them, then a writ of exigent or exigi facias may be sued out.

1832 Times 1 Feb. 4/1 It shall not be necessary that a pluries capias be stamped by the clerk of the warrants to authorize the exigenter to make out an exigent.

1896 C. R. Scargill-Bird Guide to P.R.O. (ed. 2) Introd. p. xviii The writ of exigent or Exigi facias was so called because it exacted the appearance of the party against whom it was issued within certain days of proclamation, under pain of outlawry.

1958 T. H. White Once & Future King iii. xlv. 540 The lawyers were as busy as bees, issuing writs for attainder, chancery,..exigent, fieri facias..and Questio quid juris?.

2008 P. Hamburger Law & Judicial Duty vi. 198 The office in dispute was that of the exigenter of London, one of the four exigenters of the Court of Common Pleas, who prepared writs called ‘exigents’.

Phrases

P1. to put in exigent: to issue an exigent against, to summon by an exigent.

ΚΠ

1445–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1445 §38. m. 6 Many of your seid true poeple and subgetts been put in exigent and utlawed.

1534 G. Ferrers tr. Bk. Magna Carta f. 187 By reason wherof there can be no tryall made in due maner, nor the felons put in exigent nor outlawed.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 114 a Goods and chattels of those that be put in exigent.

a1634 E. Coke 3rd Pt. Inst. Laws Eng. (1644) sig. Kk3^v/2 (Table) What a man that is put in Exigent shall forfeit. 232. How a man that is put in Exigent may excuse his absence. 233.

1712 Act Selling certain Lands Manour of Wightfield 3 Of Felons of themselves, and of Persons Out-lawed and put in Exigent.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xv. 89 Together with all rents, reversions, services,..goods and chattels of felons and fugitives, felons of themselves, and put in exigent.

1806 E. Lawes & J. Story Pract. Treat. Pleading xix. 509 Non constat that because the party was put in exigent the outlawry was regular.

1874 J. Gairdner in Paston Lett. (new ed.) II. Introd. p. xxiii He..allowed himself to be put in exigent, while he followed the king to Marlborough.

1910 Living Age 2 Apr. 62/1 Goods and chattels of felons and fugitives, felons of themselves, and put in exigent.

2012 H. Summerson in S. Jenks et al. Laws, Lawyers & Texts 115 Suspicion of arson led to women being put in exigent, and presumably waivered.

P2. to sue to (an) exigent: to apply to a court for an exigent against.In quot. c1450 figurative.

ΚΠ

c1450 Contin. Lydgate's Secrees (Sloane 2464) l. 1924 [Wine] restorith to gouernaunce Superfluytees and al disturbaunce Puttith to flyght and shewith [a1475 Arun. sueth, c1475 Harl. 2251 soewith, ?c1475 Lansd. sewith] to exigent.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Vv4/1 If a man be siewed to an exigent, during the time he was in the kings warres, this is mater in deede, and not mater of record.

1657 T. Burton Diary (1828) II. 146 This Beavor, in Michaelmas term, had caused him to be sued to exigent.

1690 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 300 John Hodgson is sued to an Exgent by one John Brier..in Trespasse.

1763 Statutes at Large II. 116 Proclamations to give Warning to him that dwelling in one County is sued to an Exigent in another.

1879 7th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS: Pt. I 115/1 in Parl. Papers 1878–9 (C. 2340) XL. 1 In the year 1651 petitioner was sued to an exigent..by William Keigwyn..for money lent by Keigwyn's father to his late Majesty upon petitioner's security.

1983 B. D. Henning House of Commons 1660–90 I. 717/1 He..claimed privilege on 25 July 1663 against a certain Daniel Osborne, who had sued him to an exigent.

P3.

clerk of the exigents n. = exigenter n.

ΚΠ

1589 Sir T. Smith's Common-welth (rev. ed.) ii. xiii. 71 The Clarke of the Exigentes is to frame all maner of Processes of Exigi facias.

1677 London Gaz. No. 1209/4 Benjamin Hill, late Clerk of the Exigents.

1753 Court & City Reg. 114/2 Vacant. Clerk of the Exigents, Mr Morris.

1800 T. W. Williams Abridgem. Cases Courts of Law IV. 591 The writ of capius utlagatum, and the sheriff's return to it, ought to be filed with the clerk of the exigents.

1854 G. Atkinson Sheriff-law (ed. 3) v. 210 The writ and inquisition are filed with the clerk of the exigents and outlawries.

1986 C. W. Brooks Pettyfoggers & Vipers of Commonw. ii. 13 In the King's Bench the officials included..the clerk of the exigents.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

exigentn.²adj.

Brit.

/ˈɛksᵻdʒ(ə)nt/,

/ˈɛɡzᵻdʒ(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈɛɡzədʒənt/,

/ˈɛksədʒənt/

Forms: late Middle English–1500s exigente, late Middle English–1600s exegent, late Middle English– exigent, 1500s exsegente, 1600s exgigent.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French exigent; Latin exigent-, exigēns, exigere.

Etymology: As noun < Middle French exigent state of pressing need (a1464; chiefly in à l'exigent according to the need), use as noun of present participle of exigier to demand (1373; French exiger ; < classical Latin exigere : see exact v.). As adjective < post-classical Latin exigent-, exigens necessary (12th cent.), use as adjective of classical Latin exigent-, exigēns, present participle of exigere (see exact v.).With sense B. 3 compare slightly earlier exigeant adj. With the use as noun compare post-classical Latin exigentia (neuter plural) necessities (15th cent. in British sources), and also earlier exigence n.

A. n.²

1. A state of pressing need; a time of extreme necessity; a critical occasion, or one that requires immediate action or aid; an emergency, an extremity; = exigency n. 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > difficult state of things > sudden, extreme, or emergency

needOE

needinga1400

exigentc1475

plunge1519

opportunity1526

push1563

dead lift1567

heft1587

exigence1588

exigency1601

emergent1620

lift1624

emergencya1631

emergencea1676

emergementa1734

amplush1827

crisis1848

situation1954

c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Order of Fools (Laud) in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 449 (MED) Bachus and Iuno haue set a-broche a tonne And brouht þe braynes on-to the exegent.

a1548 Hye way to Spyttel Hous 1011 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1866) IV. 67 In theyr fury they be so vyolent, That they wyll bryng one to an exegent.

1562 J. S. Truthe Tryed sig. a.vi^v Beyng thus in our chiefe extremitie at an exigent, euen at the pytte brynke of pardition, beholde the mercyfull goodnes of our almyghty God.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) iv. sig. Mm2^v In steede of doing any thing as the exigent required, he beganne to make circles.

1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. O3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Here by degrees is passed to the last exigent.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 9 These Eyes..Waxe dimme, as drawing to their Exigent .

1631 T. Heywood Englands Elizabeth 167 What a dangerous exigent must shee needs come to, whose life was thus assaulted?

a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) i. xvi. 162 God will have a well in store, and shew it us at the exigent.

1681 tr. M. Aurelius in A. Skene Plain Peaceable Advice 3 Being driven of the Enemy to an exigent, I caused to be sent for those men whom we call Christians.

1729 G. Shelvocke, Jr. tr. K. Siemienowicz Great Art Artillery iv. 300 In such Exigents this Manipulus may be recurred to.

1763 Ann. Reg. 1762 67/1 Presbyteries are in some necessary exigents allowed to dispense with Lord's days.

1799 J. Grahame Wallace v. ii. 84 Come to me, death... Dear, and long-treasured steel!..Now is the exigent for which I kept thee.

1988 R. A. Fraser Young Shakespeare v. 111 An actor, he showed his mettle in the final exigent. Wooden stairs, a little shaky, ascended the scaffold.

†2.

a. In plural. Needs, requirements; = exigency n. 1b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > most extreme

worstc1275

extremityc1425

extreme fortune1531

exigents1588

fine1596

devil1681

limit1906

the end of the line1948

the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [noun] > that which is necessary

needc1230

necessityc1390

necessary?a1425

exigence1446

requisitec1487

exigency1588

exigents1588

sine qua non1602

essentiala1620

implement1632

indispensable1681

needful1681

simple1858

1588 tr. P. de Mornay Let. French Catholike Gentleman 70 The Councell of Nice..was no preiudice to the calling of diuers other according to the exigents of the affaires.

1610 Bible (Douay) II. 4 Esdras vii. 65 He is bountiful, because he wil geve according to exigentes [L. pro exigentiis].

1641 King Charles I in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 536 Most effectual and proper for the present exigents of the Kingdom.

1677 M. Hale Contempl. ii. 11 Because it is not accommodate to all Uses and Exigents.

1745 C. Cibber Papal Tyranny i. i. 15 The Hearts of royal Maids, like publick Treasure, Are to the Exigents of State assign'd.

1850 Resol. Slavery (North Carolina General Assembly) House Document No. 53 258 Such retaliatory measures not inconsistent with the constitution, as may be demanded by the exigents of the occasion.

1915 Ann. Rep. Health Officer Port of New York 217 Those immigrants whose detention may be made necessary by the pathological exigents of maritime commerce.

b. A required amount; a needed quantity. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [noun] > that which is necessary > necessary quantity

exigent1840

1840 R. Browning Sordello iii. 337 His enterprise Marked out anew, its exigent of wit Apportioned.

B. adj.

†1. Necessary, requisite, needful. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [adjective]

needfulOE

necessaryc1376

needfulc1390

necessairea1393

needfula1402

necessariousc1410

requisite1442

unlackablec1443

unsparablec1449

necessc1475

requise1477

needy1487

exigentc1508

of necessityc1515

essential1526

insacrificablea1603

peremptory1607

unspared1614

sine qua non1615

real1620

necessitous1637

needsomec1650

undispensable1658

vital1659

wanting1671

implemental1676

sine quo non1693

indispensable1696

indispensible1792

vital1822

unmissable1823

of the essence (of)1843

c1508 Lyf St. Ursula (de Worde) sig. A.vi^v They suffred no payne passynge the mountayns hye No horse nor carte to them were exigent Saue kynges and bysshoppes had in theyr company An hondred horse to cary theyr arayment.

2. Requiring immediate action or aid; pressing, urgent.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [adjective] > urgent

urgent1496

instant1585

pressing1609

rash1609

pressive1619

imperative1621

imperious1623

exigent1624

urging1647

emergent1706

high pressure1834

acute1846

1624 R. Montagu Immediate Addresse 103 But no other sort and manner for them then onely for such instant and exigent necessities.

1629 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1901) 2nd Ser. III. 25 The credite and furnishing of the countrie at this exigent tyme of your Majesteis long wished and expected heerecomming.

a1674 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. & Reflexions upon Psalms in Coll. Several Tracts (1727) 617 That exigent cry out for Help.

1796 Tomahawk! 2 Mar. 437/2 At this exigent moment, the loss of a finished man is not easily supplied.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xii. 211 A fop..in exigent circumstances, will play the manly part.

1882 T. Mozley Reminisc. Oriel II. lxxxiii. 98 There were other and more exigent demands [upon Denison's means].

1944 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 11 May (1995) 79 Rest of time filled with lectures, house, garden (very exigent just now: lawns, hedges, marrow-beds, weeding) & what can be spared for ‘Ring’.

1979 Nature 18 Oct. 523/1 There is..exigent need for a tool that directly reveals the local rather than the averaged structure of solids.

2013 Washington Post (Nexis) 28 Sept. a15 The Post framed the discussion not as an exigent policy matter but as an indictment of the approach taken by Washington and Lee University.

3. Requiring a great deal; demanding more than is reasonable; exacting. Cf. slightly earlier exigeant adj.

a. With of. Often also in neutral sense: strongly desirous; much in need.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > exacting

exigeant1789

exigent1790

exactive1822

exacting1847

sweaty1919

ball-busting1978

1790 Polit. Mag. Feb. 120/1 Masters might be less exigent of labour, and temper better the necessity which constrains.

1834 H. Taylor Philip van Artevelde ii. i. ii But now this body, exigent of rest, Will needs put in a claim.

1871 J. Morley Vauvenargues Crit. Misc. 20 An age when the intellect is usually most exigent of supremacy.

1906 E. Barron Marcel Levignet xxv. 188 Bare branches whipping the wind may be interesting to a lean imagination—but a rich fancy is exigent of colour.

1964 J. C. Murray Probl. God ii. 40 Arius' position of the problem of the Son..was..exigent of an answer that would have to be an answer of faith.

2006 Psychol. Inq. 17 161/1 When a given judgmental task..is sufficiently demanding, it is exigent of cognitive resources and can be undermined by load.

b. Without construction.

ΚΠ

1797 T. Holcroft Adventures Hugh Trevor V. vi. 78 Was not her demeanour as chastely cautious as my own exigent heart could desire?

1837 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. I. 144 It was said of some exigent man, that if the King gave him England and Scotland for his farm, he would ask for Ireland as his potato garden.

1842 H. Taylor Edwin the Fair ii. ii A love that clings not, nor is exigent, Encumbers not the active purposes, Nor drains their source.

1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude 201 Varied foods, climates, beautiful objects,..are the necessity of this exigent system of ours.

1872 J. Morley Voltaire iii. 98 His restlessness..was never tyrannical and exigent.

1920 Amer. Woman Aug. 18/2 His voice reached her clearly, insistently—a worried, exigent voice that offered rewards and threatened punishments in the very tone of it.

1963 P. Fleming Kolchak xx. 212 They themselves were frightened men, and this combined with the necessarily stepped-up tempo of the interrogation to make them hectoring and exigent.

1993 A. Brookner Family Romance 2 He seemed lively enough for an invalid, was certainly exigent, ringing the bell at half-hourly intervals.

2007 Hist. Social Res. No. 19 232 The sampling process is particularly exigent: a fact that causes difficulties when using it for PhD-theses.

Derivatives

ˈexigently adv.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > strictness > [adverb] > in exacting manner

exigently1832

exactingly1849

1832 London Lit. Gaz. 21 Jan. 45/1 The attention of Government and the Police is most exigently demanded.

1889 W. Sharp in Academy 30 Nov. 352/3 I..cannot but hope that he will not pursue too exigently his latest method.

1900 Iron Age 13 Sept. 19/1 It is surprising how many excellent reasons can be found for refusing to accept deliveries which, 80 or 60 days before, were wanted so exigently that every shipment had to be followed by a tracer.

1966 A. H. Beiler Recreations in Theory of Numbers (new ed.) i. 3 It will be fun; to some, if the world's ills clamor too exigently at our doors, it may be nepenthe.

2009 Austral. Financial Rev. (Nexis) 13 July 17 We don't have the political will to accept the trial-and-error nature of this process, and to act exigently when adjustments are necessary.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† exigentv.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: exigent adj.

Etymology: < exigent adj.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. In passive. To be put in need of something.

ΚΠ

1655 S. Hunton King of Kings 53 He was no way exigented so might take his course by Parliament, but have not we been surprised by the Hollander, and exceedingly exigented as unprovided?

1656 Court Rec. 8 May in Publ. Colonial Soc. Mass. (1975) 49 76 Mrs. Glover (being as she supposeth exigented for monie to answer her occasions, having a numerous family..) did borrow of her the sum of fourtie pounds.

a1670 W. Palmes Life Dorothy Lawson (1855) iii. 22 Without intervall or rest, but what shee got in a chair, being overtoil'd and exigented thereunto by debility of nature.

2. transitive. To subject to. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve with writ > of specific type

exigent1656

praemunire1681

exigent1837

1656 S. Hunton Golden Law 4 [They] forfeit their faith..to their Lord, the Publike Welfare, by exigenting it to intolerable sufferings and dangers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2019).

† exigentv.²

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: exigent n.¹

Etymology: < exigent n.¹

Law. Obsolete (historical in later use).

transitive. To issue an exigent against.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > carry out specific type of writ

serve1431

exigent1837

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve with writ > of specific type

exigent1656

praemunire1681

exigent1837

1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar iv. 241 ‘And for what trespass, Boothby.’ said Sir William to the petitioner,—‘were you by the Coroner in County Court duly exigented and proclaimed?’

1880 W. Rye in Norfolk Antiq. Misc. II. 177 They fled, and are therefore to be ‘exigented’ and outlawed.

1919 R. H. Murray Short Guide Documents Public Rec. Office Dublin 44 Under the title..are included..lists of persons outlawed and exigented.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

n.¹a1325

n.²adj.c1475

v.¹1655

v.²1837

单词	exigent
释义	exigentn.¹ Brit. /ˈɛksᵻdʒ(ə)nt/, /ˈɛɡzᵻdʒ(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈɛɡzədʒənt/, /ˈɛksədʒənt/ Forms: Middle English–1500s exigente, Middle English–1600s exigend, Middle English– exigent, 1500s exegent, 1600s exgent. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French exigende, exigent; Latin exigenda. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman exigende, exigend (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), also, with suffix substitution (see -ent suffix), exigent (a1437 or earlier), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin exigenda (feminine or neuter) proceedings preliminary to outlawry (frequently from 1275 in British sources), use as noun of gerundive of classical Latin exigere (see exact v.).With writ of exigent compare post-classical Latin breve exigendi , breve de exigendo (14th cent. in British sources). With to put in exigent at Phrases 1 compare Anglo-Norman mettre à l'exigende, mettre en exigende (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), post-classical Latin ponere in exigenda, ponere in exigendo, ponere in exigendis (frequently from 1275 in British sources). Law. Now historical. A writ instructing a sheriff to summon a defendant to appear and answer the plaintiff, or else be declared an outlaw. Also writ of exigent. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ > other writs compelling or empowering sheriff withernam1292 exigenta1325 scire facias1445 fieri-facias?1463 distringas1467 compulsorya1513 praemunirea1529 writ of waste1528–30 exigi facias1589 liberate1590 justicies1592 peremptory1606 pone1607 pone per vadium1607 levari faciasa1625 letters (or commissions) of fire and sword1678 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xli. 106 So þat te exigendes, ant houtlaȝinges, ant te presentemens þerof, ben idon in eire þoru þe coroner of þe contreie. 1431 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1431 §21. m. 7 To awarde execution for the saide besecher..and theropon an exigent if he be not found. 1464 R. Calle in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 299 He hathe taken suerte that ye schall appere in the Crastino Animarum vpon the exigentes returnable. 1491–2 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1491 §23. m. 9 By reason of eny processe or exigend made..within the same countie. a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 275 (MED) Ye shall..excersise the office of Coronurshippe..and truly recorde exigentes & Inquicicions afore you takon. a1558 W. Stanford Expos. Kinges Prerog. (1567) f. 47 For that that hee that is outlawed was emprisoned meane betweene the awardynge of the exigent and the outlawrie pronounced. c1613 (c1509) in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 204 If I wold suffer the exigend, which I had agaynst you, not to goe out agaynst you. a1674 J. Vaughan Rep. & Arguments (1677) (Bushell's Case 1670) 158 The party came into Court and demanded Oyer of the Exigent. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 60 What Charms [must that Lady have]! that can..Null Decree, and Exigent! 1752 A. McDouall Inst. Laws Scotl. II. 287 Those that are in default till the exigent in treason, felony, or petit larceny, tho' they render themselves to justice, forfeit their chattels. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 283 If a non est inventus is returned upon all of them, then a writ of exigent or exigi facias may be sued out. 1832 Times 1 Feb. 4/1 It shall not be necessary that a pluries capias be stamped by the clerk of the warrants to authorize the exigenter to make out an exigent. 1896 C. R. Scargill-Bird Guide to P.R.O. (ed. 2) Introd. p. xviii The writ of exigent or Exigi facias was so called because it exacted the appearance of the party against whom it was issued within certain days of proclamation, under pain of outlawry. 1958 T. H. White Once & Future King iii. xlv. 540 The lawyers were as busy as bees, issuing writs for attainder, chancery,..exigent, fieri facias..and Questio quid juris?. 2008 P. Hamburger Law & Judicial Duty vi. 198 The office in dispute was that of the exigenter of London, one of the four exigenters of the Court of Common Pleas, who prepared writs called ‘exigents’. Phrases P1. to put in exigent: to issue an exigent against, to summon by an exigent. ΚΠ 1445–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Feb. 1445 §38. m. 6 Many of your seid true poeple and subgetts been put in exigent and utlawed. 1534 G. Ferrers tr. Bk. Magna Carta f. 187 By reason wherof there can be no tryall made in due maner, nor the felons put in exigent nor outlawed. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 114 a Goods and chattels of those that be put in exigent. a1634 E. Coke 3rd Pt. Inst. Laws Eng. (1644) sig. Kk3^v/2 (Table) What a man that is put in Exigent shall forfeit. 232. How a man that is put in Exigent may excuse his absence. 233. 1712 Act Selling certain Lands Manour of Wightfield 3 Of Felons of themselves, and of Persons Out-lawed and put in Exigent. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xv. 89 Together with all rents, reversions, services,..goods and chattels of felons and fugitives, felons of themselves, and put in exigent. 1806 E. Lawes & J. Story Pract. Treat. Pleading xix. 509 Non constat that because the party was put in exigent the outlawry was regular. 1874 J. Gairdner in Paston Lett. (new ed.) II. Introd. p. xxiii He..allowed himself to be put in exigent, while he followed the king to Marlborough. 1910 Living Age 2 Apr. 62/1 Goods and chattels of felons and fugitives, felons of themselves, and put in exigent. 2012 H. Summerson in S. Jenks et al. Laws, Lawyers & Texts 115 Suspicion of arson led to women being put in exigent, and presumably waivered. P2. to sue to (an) exigent: to apply to a court for an exigent against.In quot. c1450 figurative. ΚΠ c1450 Contin. Lydgate's Secrees (Sloane 2464) l. 1924 [Wine] restorith to gouernaunce Superfluytees and al disturbaunce Puttith to flyght and shewith [a1475 Arun. sueth, c1475 Harl. 2251 soewith, ?c1475 Lansd. sewith] to exigent. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Vv4/1 If a man be siewed to an exigent, during the time he was in the kings warres, this is mater in deede, and not mater of record. 1657 T. Burton Diary (1828) II. 146 This Beavor, in Michaelmas term, had caused him to be sued to exigent. 1690 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 300 John Hodgson is sued to an Exgent by one John Brier..in Trespasse. 1763 Statutes at Large II. 116 Proclamations to give Warning to him that dwelling in one County is sued to an Exigent in another. 1879 7th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS: Pt. I 115/1 in Parl. Papers 1878–9 (C. 2340) XL. 1 In the year 1651 petitioner was sued to an exigent..by William Keigwyn..for money lent by Keigwyn's father to his late Majesty upon petitioner's security. 1983 B. D. Henning House of Commons 1660–90 I. 717/1 He..claimed privilege on 25 July 1663 against a certain Daniel Osborne, who had sued him to an exigent. P3. clerk of the exigents n. = exigenter n. ΚΠ 1589 Sir T. Smith's Common-welth (rev. ed.) ii. xiii. 71 The Clarke of the Exigentes is to frame all maner of Processes of Exigi facias. 1677 London Gaz. No. 1209/4 Benjamin Hill, late Clerk of the Exigents. 1753 Court & City Reg. 114/2 Vacant. Clerk of the Exigents, Mr Morris. 1800 T. W. Williams Abridgem. Cases Courts of Law IV. 591 The writ of capius utlagatum, and the sheriff's return to it, ought to be filed with the clerk of the exigents. 1854 G. Atkinson Sheriff-law (ed. 3) v. 210 The writ and inquisition are filed with the clerk of the exigents and outlawries. 1986 C. W. Brooks Pettyfoggers & Vipers of Commonw. ii. 13 In the King's Bench the officials included..the clerk of the exigents. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). exigentn.²adj. Brit. /ˈɛksᵻdʒ(ə)nt/, /ˈɛɡzᵻdʒ(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈɛɡzədʒənt/, /ˈɛksədʒənt/ Forms: late Middle English–1500s exigente, late Middle English–1600s exegent, late Middle English– exigent, 1500s exsegente, 1600s exgigent. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French exigent; Latin exigent-, exigēns, exigere. Etymology: As noun < Middle French exigent state of pressing need (a1464; chiefly in à l'exigent according to the need), use as noun of present participle of exigier to demand (1373; French exiger ; < classical Latin exigere : see exact v.). As adjective < post-classical Latin exigent-, exigens necessary (12th cent.), use as adjective of classical Latin exigent-, exigēns, present participle of exigere (see exact v.).With sense B. 3 compare slightly earlier exigeant adj. With the use as noun compare post-classical Latin exigentia (neuter plural) necessities (15th cent. in British sources), and also earlier exigence n. A. n.² 1. A state of pressing need; a time of extreme necessity; a critical occasion, or one that requires immediate action or aid; an emergency, an extremity; = exigency n. 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > difficult state of things > sudden, extreme, or emergency needOE needinga1400 exigentc1475 plunge1519 opportunity1526 push1563 dead lift1567 heft1587 exigence1588 exigency1601 emergent1620 lift1624 emergencya1631 emergencea1676 emergementa1734 amplush1827 crisis1848 situation1954 c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Order of Fools (Laud) in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 449 (MED) Bachus and Iuno haue set a-broche a tonne And brouht þe braynes on-to the exegent. a1548 Hye way to Spyttel Hous 1011 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1866) IV. 67 In theyr fury they be so vyolent, That they wyll bryng one to an exegent. 1562 J. S. Truthe Tryed sig. a.vi^v Beyng thus in our chiefe extremitie at an exigent, euen at the pytte brynke of pardition, beholde the mercyfull goodnes of our almyghty God. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) iv. sig. Mm2^v In steede of doing any thing as the exigent required, he beganne to make circles. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. O3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) Here by degrees is passed to the last exigent. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 9 These Eyes..Waxe dimme, as drawing to their Exigent . View more context for this quotation 1631 T. Heywood Englands Elizabeth 167 What a dangerous exigent must shee needs come to, whose life was thus assaulted? a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) i. xvi. 162 God will have a well in store, and shew it us at the exigent. 1681 tr. M. Aurelius in A. Skene Plain Peaceable Advice 3 Being driven of the Enemy to an exigent, I caused to be sent for those men whom we call Christians. 1729 G. Shelvocke, Jr. tr. K. Siemienowicz Great Art Artillery iv. 300 In such Exigents this Manipulus may be recurred to. 1763 Ann. Reg. 1762 67/1 Presbyteries are in some necessary exigents allowed to dispense with Lord's days. 1799 J. Grahame Wallace v. ii. 84 Come to me, death... Dear, and long-treasured steel!..Now is the exigent for which I kept thee. 1988 R. A. Fraser Young Shakespeare v. 111 An actor, he showed his mettle in the final exigent. Wooden stairs, a little shaky, ascended the scaffold. †2. a. In plural. Needs, requirements; = exigency n. 1b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > most extreme worstc1275 extremityc1425 extreme fortune1531 exigents1588 fine1596 devil1681 limit1906 the end of the line1948 the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [noun] > that which is necessary needc1230 necessityc1390 necessary?a1425 exigence1446 requisitec1487 exigency1588 exigents1588 sine qua non1602 essentiala1620 implement1632 indispensable1681 needful1681 simple1858 1588 tr. P. de Mornay Let. French Catholike Gentleman 70 The Councell of Nice..was no preiudice to the calling of diuers other according to the exigents of the affaires. 1610 Bible (Douay) II. 4 Esdras vii. 65 He is bountiful, because he wil geve according to exigentes [L. pro exigentiis]. 1641 King Charles I in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 536 Most effectual and proper for the present exigents of the Kingdom. 1677 M. Hale Contempl. ii. 11 Because it is not accommodate to all Uses and Exigents. 1745 C. Cibber Papal Tyranny i. i. 15 The Hearts of royal Maids, like publick Treasure, Are to the Exigents of State assign'd. 1850 Resol. Slavery (North Carolina General Assembly) House Document No. 53 258 Such retaliatory measures not inconsistent with the constitution, as may be demanded by the exigents of the occasion. 1915 Ann. Rep. Health Officer Port of New York 217 Those immigrants whose detention may be made necessary by the pathological exigents of maritime commerce. b. A required amount; a needed quantity. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [noun] > that which is necessary > necessary quantity exigent1840 1840 R. Browning Sordello iii. 337 His enterprise Marked out anew, its exigent of wit Apportioned. B. adj. †1. Necessary, requisite, needful. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > [adjective] needfulOE necessaryc1376 needfulc1390 necessairea1393 needfula1402 necessariousc1410 requisite1442 unlackablec1443 unsparablec1449 necessc1475 requise1477 needy1487 exigentc1508 of necessityc1515 essential1526 insacrificablea1603 peremptory1607 unspared1614 sine qua non1615 real1620 necessitous1637 needsomec1650 undispensable1658 vital1659 wanting1671 implemental1676 sine quo non1693 indispensable1696 indispensible1792 vital1822 unmissable1823 of the essence (of)1843 c1508 Lyf St. Ursula (de Worde) sig. A.vi^v They suffred no payne passynge the mountayns hye No horse nor carte to them were exigent Saue kynges and bysshoppes had in theyr company An hondred horse to cary theyr arayment. 2. Requiring immediate action or aid; pressing, urgent. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [adjective] > urgent urgent1496 instant1585 pressing1609 rash1609 pressive1619 imperative1621 imperious1623 exigent1624 urging1647 emergent1706 high pressure1834 acute1846 1624 R. Montagu Immediate Addresse 103 But no other sort and manner for them then onely for such instant and exigent necessities. 1629 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1901) 2nd Ser. III. 25 The credite and furnishing of the countrie at this exigent tyme of your Majesteis long wished and expected heerecomming. a1674 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. & Reflexions upon Psalms in Coll. Several Tracts (1727) 617 That exigent cry out for Help. 1796 Tomahawk! 2 Mar. 437/2 At this exigent moment, the loss of a finished man is not easily supplied. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xii. 211 A fop..in exigent circumstances, will play the manly part. 1882 T. Mozley Reminisc. Oriel II. lxxxiii. 98 There were other and more exigent demands [upon Denison's means]. 1944 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 11 May (1995) 79 Rest of time filled with lectures, house, garden (very exigent just now: lawns, hedges, marrow-beds, weeding) & what can be spared for ‘Ring’. 1979 Nature 18 Oct. 523/1 There is..exigent need for a tool that directly reveals the local rather than the averaged structure of solids. 2013 Washington Post (Nexis) 28 Sept. a15 The Post framed the discussion not as an exigent policy matter but as an indictment of the approach taken by Washington and Lee University. 3. Requiring a great deal; demanding more than is reasonable; exacting. Cf. slightly earlier exigeant adj. a. With of. Often also in neutral sense: strongly desirous; much in need. ΘΚΠ society > authority > strictness > [adjective] > exacting exigeant1789 exigent1790 exactive1822 exacting1847 sweaty1919 ball-busting1978 1790 Polit. Mag. Feb. 120/1 Masters might be less exigent of labour, and temper better the necessity which constrains. 1834 H. Taylor Philip van Artevelde ii. i. ii But now this body, exigent of rest, Will needs put in a claim. 1871 J. Morley Vauvenargues Crit. Misc. 20 An age when the intellect is usually most exigent of supremacy. 1906 E. Barron Marcel Levignet xxv. 188 Bare branches whipping the wind may be interesting to a lean imagination—but a rich fancy is exigent of colour. 1964 J. C. Murray Probl. God ii. 40 Arius' position of the problem of the Son..was..exigent of an answer that would have to be an answer of faith. 2006 Psychol. Inq. 17 161/1 When a given judgmental task..is sufficiently demanding, it is exigent of cognitive resources and can be undermined by load. b. Without construction. ΚΠ 1797 T. Holcroft Adventures Hugh Trevor V. vi. 78 Was not her demeanour as chastely cautious as my own exigent heart could desire? 1837 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. I. 144 It was said of some exigent man, that if the King gave him England and Scotland for his farm, he would ask for Ireland as his potato garden. 1842 H. Taylor Edwin the Fair ii. ii A love that clings not, nor is exigent, Encumbers not the active purposes, Nor drains their source. 1870 R. W. Emerson Society & Solitude 201 Varied foods, climates, beautiful objects,..are the necessity of this exigent system of ours. 1872 J. Morley Voltaire iii. 98 His restlessness..was never tyrannical and exigent. 1920 Amer. Woman Aug. 18/2 His voice reached her clearly, insistently—a worried, exigent voice that offered rewards and threatened punishments in the very tone of it. 1963 P. Fleming Kolchak xx. 212 They themselves were frightened men, and this combined with the necessarily stepped-up tempo of the interrogation to make them hectoring and exigent. 1993 A. Brookner Family Romance 2 He seemed lively enough for an invalid, was certainly exigent, ringing the bell at half-hourly intervals. 2007 Hist. Social Res. No. 19 232 The sampling process is particularly exigent: a fact that causes difficulties when using it for PhD-theses. Derivatives ˈexigently adv. ΘΚΠ society > authority > strictness > [adverb] > in exacting manner exigently1832 exactingly1849 1832 London Lit. Gaz. 21 Jan. 45/1 The attention of Government and the Police is most exigently demanded. 1889 W. Sharp in Academy 30 Nov. 352/3 I..cannot but hope that he will not pursue too exigently his latest method. 1900 Iron Age 13 Sept. 19/1 It is surprising how many excellent reasons can be found for refusing to accept deliveries which, 80 or 60 days before, were wanted so exigently that every shipment had to be followed by a tracer. 1966 A. H. Beiler Recreations in Theory of Numbers (new ed.) i. 3 It will be fun; to some, if the world's ills clamor too exigently at our doors, it may be nepenthe. 2009 Austral. Financial Rev. (Nexis) 13 July 17 We don't have the political will to accept the trial-and-error nature of this process, and to act exigently when adjustments are necessary. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † exigentv.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: exigent adj. Etymology: < exigent adj. Obsolete. 1. transitive. In passive. To be put in need of something. ΚΠ 1655 S. Hunton King of Kings 53 He was no way exigented so might take his course by Parliament, but have not we been surprised by the Hollander, and exceedingly exigented as unprovided? 1656 Court Rec. 8 May in Publ. Colonial Soc. Mass. (1975) 49 76 Mrs. Glover (being as she supposeth exigented for monie to answer her occasions, having a numerous family..) did borrow of her the sum of fourtie pounds. a1670 W. Palmes Life Dorothy Lawson (1855) iii. 22 Without intervall or rest, but what shee got in a chair, being overtoil'd and exigented thereunto by debility of nature. 2. transitive. To subject to. rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve with writ > of specific type exigent1656 praemunire1681 exigent1837 1656 S. Hunton Golden Law 4 [They] forfeit their faith..to their Lord, the Publike Welfare, by exigenting it to intolerable sufferings and dangers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2019). † exigentv.² Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: exigent n.¹ Etymology: < exigent n.¹ Law. Obsolete (historical in later use). transitive. To issue an exigent against. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > carry out specific type of writ serve1431 exigent1837 society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > serve with writ > of specific type exigent1656 praemunire1681 exigent1837 1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar iv. 241 ‘And for what trespass, Boothby.’ said Sir William to the petitioner,—‘were you by the Coroner in County Court duly exigented and proclaimed?’ 1880 W. Rye in Norfolk Antiq. Misc. II. 177 They fled, and are therefore to be ‘exigented’ and outlawed. 1919 R. H. Murray Short Guide Documents Public Rec. Office Dublin 44 Under the title..are included..lists of persons outlawed and exigented. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online September 2019). < n.¹a1325n.²adj.c1475v.¹1655v.²1837
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exigentn.1

Phrases

exigentn.2adj.

Derivatives

† exigentv.1

† exigentv.2

exigentn.¹

exigentn.²adj.

† exigentv.¹

† exigentv.²