excludev.

Brit.

/ᵻkˈskluːd/,

/ɛkˈskluːd/, U.S.

/ɪkˈsklud/,

/ɛkˈsklud/

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s exclud, Middle English past participle exclud, 1500s Scottish excluid.

Etymology: < Latin exclūdĕre to shut out, < ex- out + claudĕre to shut.

I. To bar or keep out (what is already outside).

a. transitive. To shut out (persons, living things), hinder from entering (a place, enclosure, society, etc.). Const. from, †out of, and †with double object by omission of from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out > specific persons

beloukOE

belockc1330

excludec1440

to shut (some one) out of doors, out of the gates1508

excluse1513

c1440 York Myst. xv. 32 The force of the feende to felle in sighte, And all his pouer excluded shulde be.

c1465 Eng. Chron. (Camden) 10 Thi childryn shall be disheritid. and excludid fro the parlement..for evirmore.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Bviii^v Therby all mankynde was vterly loste and excluded out of paradise.

1635 E. Pagitt Christianogr. (1646) i. 132 Far be it from us to believe that all these Christians are excluded heaven.

1670 R. Coke Disc. Trade 71 Plato..excluded every one his School who was ignorant in Geometry.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 86 Exclude th' incroaching Cattle from thy Ground.

1708 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (1743) ii. i. ii. 329 The first occasion of building the Roman Wall was..to exclude the Scotish Highlanders.

1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. ii. 144 Out of God's kingdom you are excluded.

1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 170 Nobody was excluded who laid down his penny at the bar.

1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. iii. 96 We..find in flowers various modes..of excluding ants.

b. To shut out, prevent the entrance of (noise, air, light, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out > specific things

exclude1598

reclude1634

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 105 All rumour and lowd noises are to be excluded.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 190 When Branches are so thick..that they..exclude the sun and air.

1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 2 Waving Groves..part admit and part exclude the Day.

1885 Law Times 79 366/2 Hoods will also be fitted over the tops of the doors so as to further exclude the draught.

a. With an immaterial thing as object: To shut out, give no place to; to prevent the existence, occurrence, or use of. Const. from, and with double object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclude [verb (transitive)]

exclude1382

to face (a person) out ofc1530

repulse1548

seclude1581

excommune1650

to peg out1672

to include out1934

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > preclude

warnc1000

exclude1382

forshutc1430

before-barc1449

prohibit1516

foreclose1546

seclude1566

preclude1610

prescind1636

separate1644

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rom. 1st Prol. Lest happili hate of the prelatis name, shulde exclude the profit of the lessoun.

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 366 None arte..Through which it mighte ben excluded, That he ne was fully concluded To love.

1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) i. 59 Iesu cryst wyllyng that all suche songe shulde be excluded from thys order.

1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (xii.) f. 220 Wherfore our faithe stayed vpon god..excludeth almaner a doute.

1604 S. Rowlands Looke to It 44 Eate, drinke, be merry..Exclude all Pittie, Conscience, and Remorce.

1726 Bp. J. Butler 15 Serm. iv. 74 It is impossible that this Subject should be wholly excluded Conversation.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. v. 133 Sometimes the thick foliage excluded all view of the country.

1841–44 R. W. Emerson Poet in Wks. (1906) I. 160 The vocabulary of an omniscient man would embrace words and images excluded from polite conversation.

b. To shut out or reject from consideration, notice, or use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration

forheedc1275

sequesterc1380

forlaya1400

to lay awaya1400

to put, set or lay byc1425

to lay by1439

to lay asidec1440

to set, lay, put apart1477

bar1481

to lay apart1526

to throw out1576

disclude1586

to fling aside1587

to fling away1587

exclude1593

daff1598

to throw by1644

eliminate1850

to write off1861

to filter out1934

slam-dunk1975

1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie ii. v. 107 And so exclude the rest of the scripture.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. To Rdr. sig. *2 Not..excluding the better way when it is found.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 148 The world..excludes those things for which it can give no reason.

c. Not to admit of, to leave no room for, be incompatible with, the presence of (a material or immaterial object). Also †to exclude out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > be unharmonious or incongruous with [verb (transitive)] > be incompatible with

exclude1625

1625 R. Montagu Appello Cæsarem 104 The freedome of will doth not exclude out God's prerogative royall.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. iv. 48 A solid Substance..excludes all other solid Substances.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. vi. 105 This Necessity does not exclude Deliberation.

1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lxi. 285 He is fond of introducing..any law that contradicts or excludes the common law of England.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 407 The number three excludes the number four.

1884 19th Cent. Jan. 7 Absolute indifference excludes the conception of will.

a. To shut off, debar from; to preclude, prohibit. †Formerly const. of; also to with infinitive.

ΚΠ

1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 40 Preamble The same Erle is excluded to have or enjoye the seid Manoris.

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xx^v They be excluded duryng theyr lyues to defete y^e partycyon.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1539) Prol. (ad fin.) Euery wyse man..wyll not saye that I am the principall auctour of this warke, nor yet..exclude me clene from it.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 23 He ys therby excludyd also from the use & utward exercyse almost of al vertue.

a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 8 These were to exclude him vtterly of his right.

1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iv. v. 107 Francis of Vaudemont being next heir by the said [i.e. Salic] Law, which excludes Females.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 202 And none but such from mercy I exclude .

1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Jewish War iv. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 866 Placidus's concern was to exclude them..from getting into the village.

1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. iii. 169 They laboured to exclude the English from the treaty of Chateau en Cambresis.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. ii. 29 Here, completely excluded from the knowledge of things without.

†b. with double object. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1692 J. Locke Toleration iii, in Wks. (1727) II. 333 Excluding them the ordinary and probable Means of Conversion.

a1718 W. Penn Tracts in Wks. (1726) I. 547 Professors of Christianity, that exclude both such Men, and such Knowledge the Kingdom of God.

a. To leave out, omit purposely, except (from a category, list, the scope of a proposition or enactment, etc.); ‘not to comprehend in any grant or privilege’ (Johnson). Const. from, †out of; also simply.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclude [verb (transitive)] > except

to take outc1175

out-takec1390

outnima1400

excludec1400

outcepta1470

reserve1523

except1530

exempt1548

to put by1594

abate1598

exemea1600

bate1619

rescinda1687

to tell out1812

to tell out of ——1812

exception1845

c1400 Purif. Marie in Tundale's Vis (1843) 129 Thys meyde..Excluded was for condycion.

1689 C. Hatton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) II. 131 Y^e author..is threaten'd by S^r. Robt. to be excluded out of y^e Act of indemnity.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 118 Having excluded them from the Society of Men, he places them among..Beasts.

1720 [see sense 5b].

1755 in S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang.

†b. To let off, relieve, exempt (a person) from (an obligation). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation

freeeOE

unbind1297

quitclaima1325

acquit1340

excuse1340

loose1340

releasec1350

assoil1366

soilc1384

dischargea1387

quita1387

relieve1416

absoil1440

deliver1440

acquittance1448

quiet1450

acquiet1453

absolve?a1475

defease1475

skill1481

relax1511

redeema1513

exoner1533

exonerate1548

solvec1550

distask1592

disgage1594

upsolve1601

disoblige1603

disengage1611

to get off1623

exclude1632

supersedea1644

to let off1814

to let out1869

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 83 Excluded and exempted from the debt which others owe by the common law of nature.

c. Of a word, term, proposition, etc.: To shut out of or not to include in its scope, application, or meaning.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > mean, signify, express [verb (transitive)] > not include

exclude1532

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 384/1 If saint James sayd that god had begotten vs by his goodnes, do these wordes exclude al the meanes that hys goodnesse vsed toward it.

1659 J. Pearson Expos. Creed (1839) 234 When we say the conception of our Saviour was wrought by the operation of the Spirit..observe, What is excluded by that attribution to the Spirit.

1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. iv. §26. 87 Excluding, as they [these propositions] do, an all-important fact.

1882 J. R. Seeley Nat. Relig. (1891) i. iv. 85 Nature..excludes the whole domain of human feeling.

5. The present participle used absol.

a. = ‘To the exclusion of’.

ΚΠ

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 76 in Justice Vindicated Whatsoever the son does acquire, it is his own, excluding his Father.

b. = excepting prep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclusiveness [preposition] > except or excepting

savec1330

out-takenc1384

saving1386

other thana1425

savea1500

reserving1541

salvo1601

to set aside1610

abstracting from1614

save fora1616

sans1659

exclude1720

aside from1818

saufc1844

out-taking1848

secludinga1851

1720 W. R. Chetwood Voy. Capt. R. Falconer iii. 174 A Court-Marshall..found 'em Guilty of Cowardice, excluding Constable.

1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species viii. 278 In all other respects, excluding fertility, there is a close general resemblance between hybrids and mongrels.

1963 ‘J. le Carré’ Spy who came in from Cold xii. 118 Iron Curtain countries excluding the Soviet Union and China.

1987 Today 6 Oct. 25/2 A 1%, £214m rise in consumer credit since July, excluding mortgages, left individuals owing £21.5bn at end-August.

II. In pregnant sense; to expel and shut out.

6. To put out (of a room, a society, a possession, etc.), to banish, expel. Const. †out of, from; also with double object and simply.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel > specific people from a place, position, or possession

outshoveOE

to do out of ——OE

shovec1200

to put out of ——c1225

to cast out1297

void13..

usurpa1325

to put outa1350

outputa1382

outrayc1390

excludea1400

expulse?a1475

expel1490

to shut forth1513

to put forth1526

to turn out1546

depel?1548

disseisin1548

evict1548

exturb1603

debout1619

wincha1626

disseise1627

out-pusha1631

howster1642

oust1656

out1823

purge1825

the bum's rush1910

outplace1928

a1400–50 Alexander 2842 In pacience possede at he miȝt [þan] Be excludit [Dublin MS. exclud] out of his erd.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Num. xii. 15 So Marie was excludid [1382 putte] out of the tentis.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xii. sig. V^v They excluded him out of their counsayle.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xii. sig. Tii Betwene two men was neuer lyke concorde and loue,..not withstandinge, onely with the loke of a woman, those bondes of loue be dissolued, reason oppressed, frendship is excluded, there auaileth no wisdome, no doctrine, no fidelitie or truste.

1604 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 435 If any man be lawfully seazed..of any tenement..he shall never be excluded..but by the kings writ.

1667 A. Marvell Let. 23 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 61 They voted that he be excluded the House.

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. I. iii. 229 As Las Casas excepted against the members of the council of the Indies, all of them were excluded.

1847 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Peru I. iii. vii. 490 They then caused the women to be excluded from the church.

a. After Latin excludere ova. To draw, put or thrust forth from (a receptacle); to hatch (chickens, etc.); also figurative; to give birth to (young), to lay (eggs). Also †of the midwife: To extract. Const. from, out of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)]

unteeOE

to take out of ——c1175

forthdraw?a1300

out-takea1350

to take outa1382

excludec1400

dischargec1405

to get outc1432

tryc1440

extraya1450

out-have1458

to take fortha1550

extract1570

reave1640

eliciate1651

roust1658

uncork1740

to put out of ——1779

to break out1840

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > eject

warpc1000

wreaka1300

out-throwa1393

excludec1400

shootc1400

spitc1400

deliver?a1425

outflingc1450

springc1480

bolka1522

vomit1552

spurge1582

out-braid1586

hurl1590

cast1601

spew1605

eject1607

ejaculate1609

spew1610

to cast out1611

throw1625

eructate1632

gullop1646

explode1660

to throw off1660

belch1668

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 117 If that ony þing of corrumpcioun abide þe place schal be opened wiþ an instrument, & so schal þe quyttur be excludid.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 53 To rid and exclude the winde and aire out of leather bagges or bladders.

1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iii. xvii. 213 Spiders..are no sooner hatched and excluded out of their Eggs, but forthwith they practise to make webbs.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 151 A Cock will..fertilitate the whole..cluster of egges, which are not excluded in many weeks after.

1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician i. 2 The next day she excluded the Fœtus that was four months old.

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. vii. iv. 393 The Eggs of the Ostrich..are cherished only by the heat of the Sun till the Young be excluded.

1721 R. Bradley Philos. Acct. Wks. Nature 59 The..male [fish] covers it [the egg] with a prolifick Juice as soon as it is excluded from the Body of the Female.

1754–64 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. Introd. 8 He describes the method of excluding the Fœtus.

1851 C. Darwin Monogr. Cirripedia I. 10 In some cases..the larvæ, when first excluded from the egg, have not an eye.

†b. To discharge, void. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit

send971

stretchc1275

casta1300

sheda1325

manda1350

to throw outa1413

yielda1450

devoida1475

render1481

reflair1509

sup out1513

to give out1530

utter1536

spout1568

to give fortha1586

to let fly1590

to put out1614

eject1616

evacuate1622

ejaculate1625

emit1626

fling1637

outsend1647

exert1660

extramit1668

exclude1677

emane1708

extromita1711

evolve1772

emanate1797

discharge1833

exsert1835

to give off1840

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 196 Who out of the corners of her eyes excluded a sort of congealed matter.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	exclude
释义	excludev. Brit. /ᵻkˈskluːd/, /ɛkˈskluːd/, U.S. /ɪkˈsklud/, /ɛkˈsklud/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s exclud, Middle English past participle exclud, 1500s Scottish excluid. Etymology: < Latin exclūdĕre to shut out, < ex- out + claudĕre to shut. I. To bar or keep out (what is already outside). 1. a. transitive. To shut out (persons, living things), hinder from entering (a place, enclosure, society, etc.). Const. from, †out of, and †with double object by omission of from. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out > specific persons beloukOE belockc1330 excludec1440 to shut (some one) out of doors, out of the gates1508 excluse1513 c1440 York Myst. xv. 32 The force of the feende to felle in sighte, And all his pouer excluded shulde be. c1465 Eng. Chron. (Camden) 10 Thi childryn shall be disheritid. and excludid fro the parlement..for evirmore. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Bviii^v Therby all mankynde was vterly loste and excluded out of paradise. 1635 E. Pagitt Christianogr. (1646) i. 132 Far be it from us to believe that all these Christians are excluded heaven. 1670 R. Coke Disc. Trade 71 Plato..excluded every one his School who was ignorant in Geometry. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 86 Exclude th' incroaching Cattle from thy Ground. View more context for this quotation 1708 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (1743) ii. i. ii. 329 The first occasion of building the Roman Wall was..to exclude the Scotish Highlanders. 1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. ii. 144 Out of God's kingdom you are excluded. 1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 170 Nobody was excluded who laid down his penny at the bar. 1879 J. Lubbock Sci. Lect. iii. 96 We..find in flowers various modes..of excluding ants. b. To shut out, prevent the entrance of (noise, air, light, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out > specific things exclude1598 reclude1634 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 105 All rumour and lowd noises are to be excluded. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 190 When Branches are so thick..that they..exclude the sun and air. 1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 2 Waving Groves..part admit and part exclude the Day. 1885 Law Times 79 366/2 Hoods will also be fitted over the tops of the doors so as to further exclude the draught. 2. a. With an immaterial thing as object: To shut out, give no place to; to prevent the existence, occurrence, or use of. Const. from, and with double object. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclude [verb (transitive)] exclude1382 to face (a person) out ofc1530 repulse1548 seclude1581 excommune1650 to peg out1672 to include out1934 the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > preclude warnc1000 exclude1382 forshutc1430 before-barc1449 prohibit1516 foreclose1546 seclude1566 preclude1610 prescind1636 separate1644 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rom. 1st Prol. Lest happili hate of the prelatis name, shulde exclude the profit of the lessoun. 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 366 None arte..Through which it mighte ben excluded, That he ne was fully concluded To love. 1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) i. 59 Iesu cryst wyllyng that all suche songe shulde be excluded from thys order. 1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (xii.) f. 220 Wherfore our faithe stayed vpon god..excludeth almaner a doute. 1604 S. Rowlands Looke to It 44 Eate, drinke, be merry..Exclude all Pittie, Conscience, and Remorce. 1726 Bp. J. Butler 15 Serm. iv. 74 It is impossible that this Subject should be wholly excluded Conversation. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. v. 133 Sometimes the thick foliage excluded all view of the country. 1841–44 R. W. Emerson Poet in Wks. (1906) I. 160 The vocabulary of an omniscient man would embrace words and images excluded from polite conversation. b. To shut out or reject from consideration, notice, or use. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration forheedc1275 sequesterc1380 forlaya1400 to lay awaya1400 to put, set or lay byc1425 to lay by1439 to lay asidec1440 to set, lay, put apart1477 bar1481 to lay apart1526 to throw out1576 disclude1586 to fling aside1587 to fling away1587 exclude1593 daff1598 to throw by1644 eliminate1850 to write off1861 to filter out1934 slam-dunk1975 1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie ii. v. 107 And so exclude the rest of the scripture. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. To Rdr. sig. 2 Not..excluding the better way when it is found. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena* 148 The world..excludes those things for which it can give no reason. c. Not to admit of, to leave no room for, be incompatible with, the presence of (a material or immaterial object). Also †to exclude out. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > be unharmonious or incongruous with [verb (transitive)] > be incompatible with exclude1625 1625 R. Montagu Appello Cæsarem 104 The freedome of will doth not exclude out God's prerogative royall. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. iv. 48 A solid Substance..excludes all other solid Substances. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. vi. 105 This Necessity does not exclude Deliberation. 1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lxi. 285 He is fond of introducing..any law that contradicts or excludes the common law of England. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 407 The number three excludes the number four. 1884 19th Cent. Jan. 7 Absolute indifference excludes the conception of will. 3. a. To shut off, debar from; to preclude, prohibit. †Formerly const. of; also to with infinitive. ΚΠ 1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 40 Preamble The same Erle is excluded to have or enjoye the seid Manoris. 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xx^v They be excluded duryng theyr lyues to defete y^e partycyon. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1539) Prol. (ad fin.) Euery wyse man..wyll not saye that I am the principall auctour of this warke, nor yet..exclude me clene from it. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 23 He ys therby excludyd also from the use & utward exercyse almost of al vertue. a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 8 These were to exclude him vtterly of his right. 1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iv. v. 107 Francis of Vaudemont being next heir by the said [i.e. Salic] Law, which excludes Females. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 202 And none but such from mercy I exclude . View more context for this quotation 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Jewish War iv. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 866 Placidus's concern was to exclude them..from getting into the village. 1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. iii. 169 They laboured to exclude the English from the treaty of Chateau en Cambresis. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. ii. 29 Here, completely excluded from the knowledge of things without. †b. with double object. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1692 J. Locke Toleration iii, in Wks. (1727) II. 333 Excluding them the ordinary and probable Means of Conversion. a1718 W. Penn Tracts in Wks. (1726) I. 547 Professors of Christianity, that exclude both such Men, and such Knowledge the Kingdom of God. 4. a. To leave out, omit purposely, except (from a category, list, the scope of a proposition or enactment, etc.); ‘not to comprehend in any grant or privilege’ (Johnson). Const. from, †out of; also simply. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclude [verb (transitive)] > except to take outc1175 out-takec1390 outnima1400 excludec1400 outcepta1470 reserve1523 except1530 exempt1548 to put by1594 abate1598 exemea1600 bate1619 rescinda1687 to tell out1812 to tell out of ——1812 exception1845 c1400 Purif. Marie in Tundale's Vis (1843) 129 Thys meyde..Excluded was for condycion. 1689 C. Hatton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) II. 131 Y^e author..is threaten'd by S^r. Robt. to be excluded out of y^e Act of indemnity. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 118 Having excluded them from the Society of Men, he places them among..Beasts. 1720 [see sense 5b]. 1755 in S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. †b. To let off, relieve, exempt (a person) from (an obligation). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation freeeOE unbind1297 quitclaima1325 acquit1340 excuse1340 loose1340 releasec1350 assoil1366 soilc1384 dischargea1387 quita1387 relieve1416 absoil1440 deliver1440 acquittance1448 quiet1450 acquiet1453 absolve?a1475 defease1475 skill1481 relax1511 redeema1513 exoner1533 exonerate1548 solvec1550 distask1592 disgage1594 upsolve1601 disoblige1603 disengage1611 to get off1623 exclude1632 supersedea1644 to let off1814 to let out1869 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 83 Excluded and exempted from the debt which others owe by the common law of nature. c. Of a word, term, proposition, etc.: To shut out of or not to include in its scope, application, or meaning. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > mean, signify, express [verb (transitive)] > not include exclude1532 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 384/1 If saint James sayd that god had begotten vs by his goodnes, do these wordes exclude al the meanes that hys goodnesse vsed toward it. 1659 J. Pearson Expos. Creed (1839) 234 When we say the conception of our Saviour was wrought by the operation of the Spirit..observe, What is excluded by that attribution to the Spirit. 1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. iv. §26. 87 Excluding, as they [these propositions] do, an all-important fact. 1882 J. R. Seeley Nat. Relig. (1891) i. iv. 85 Nature..excludes the whole domain of human feeling. 5. The present participle used absol. a. = ‘To the exclusion of’. ΚΠ 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 76 in Justice Vindicated Whatsoever the son does acquire, it is his own, excluding his Father. b. = excepting prep. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclusiveness [preposition] > except or excepting savec1330 out-takenc1384 saving1386 other thana1425 savea1500 reserving1541 salvo1601 to set aside1610 abstracting from1614 save fora1616 sans1659 exclude1720 aside from1818 saufc1844 out-taking1848 secludinga1851 1720 W. R. Chetwood Voy. Capt. R. Falconer iii. 174 A Court-Marshall..found 'em Guilty of Cowardice, excluding Constable. 1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species viii. 278 In all other respects, excluding fertility, there is a close general resemblance between hybrids and mongrels. 1963 ‘J. le Carré’ Spy who came in from Cold xii. 118 Iron Curtain countries excluding the Soviet Union and China. 1987 Today 6 Oct. 25/2 A 1%, £214m rise in consumer credit since July, excluding mortgages, left individuals owing £21.5bn at end-August. II. In pregnant sense; to expel and shut out. 6. To put out (of a room, a society, a possession, etc.), to banish, expel. Const. †out of, from; also with double object and simply. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel > specific people from a place, position, or possession outshoveOE to do out of ——OE shovec1200 to put out of ——c1225 to cast out1297 void13.. usurpa1325 to put outa1350 outputa1382 outrayc1390 excludea1400 expulse?a1475 expel1490 to shut forth1513 to put forth1526 to turn out1546 depel?1548 disseisin1548 evict1548 exturb1603 debout1619 wincha1626 disseise1627 out-pusha1631 howster1642 oust1656 out1823 purge1825 the bum's rush1910 outplace1928 a1400–50 Alexander 2842 In pacience possede at he miȝt [þan] Be excludit [Dublin MS. exclud] out of his erd. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Num. xii. 15 So Marie was excludid [1382 putte] out of the tentis. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xii. sig. V^v They excluded him out of their counsayle. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xii. sig. Tii Betwene two men was neuer lyke concorde and loue,..not withstandinge, onely with the loke of a woman, those bondes of loue be dissolued, reason oppressed, frendship is excluded, there auaileth no wisdome, no doctrine, no fidelitie or truste. 1604 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 435 If any man be lawfully seazed..of any tenement..he shall never be excluded..but by the kings writ. 1667 A. Marvell Let. 23 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 61 They voted that he be excluded the House. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. I. iii. 229 As Las Casas excepted against the members of the council of the Indies, all of them were excluded. 1847 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Peru I. iii. vii. 490 They then caused the women to be excluded from the church. 7. a. After Latin excludere ova. To draw, put or thrust forth from (a receptacle); to hatch (chickens, etc.); also figurative; to give birth to (young), to lay (eggs). Also †of the midwife: To extract. Const. from, out of. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] unteeOE to take out of ——c1175 forthdraw?a1300 out-takea1350 to take outa1382 excludec1400 dischargec1405 to get outc1432 tryc1440 extraya1450 out-have1458 to take fortha1550 extract1570 reave1640 eliciate1651 roust1658 uncork1740 to put out of ——1779 to break out1840 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > eject warpc1000 wreaka1300 out-throwa1393 excludec1400 shootc1400 spitc1400 deliver?a1425 outflingc1450 springc1480 bolka1522 vomit1552 spurge1582 out-braid1586 hurl1590 cast1601 spew1605 eject1607 ejaculate1609 spew1610 to cast out1611 throw1625 eructate1632 gullop1646 explode1660 to throw off1660 belch1668 c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 117 If that ony þing of corrumpcioun abide þe place schal be opened wiþ an instrument, & so schal þe quyttur be excludid. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 53 To rid and exclude the winde and aire out of leather bagges or bladders. 1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) iii. xvii. 213 Spiders..are no sooner hatched and excluded out of their Eggs, but forthwith they practise to make webbs. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 151 A Cock will..fertilitate the whole..cluster of egges, which are not excluded in many weeks after. View more context for this quotation 1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician i. 2 The next day she excluded the Fœtus that was four months old. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. vii. iv. 393 The Eggs of the Ostrich..are cherished only by the heat of the Sun till the Young be excluded. 1721 R. Bradley Philos. Acct. Wks. Nature 59 The..male [fish] covers it [the egg] with a prolifick Juice as soon as it is excluded from the Body of the Female. 1754–64 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery I. Introd. 8 He describes the method of excluding the Fœtus. 1851 C. Darwin Monogr. Cirripedia I. 10 In some cases..the larvæ, when first excluded from the egg, have not an eye. †b. To discharge, void. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit send971 stretchc1275 casta1300 sheda1325 manda1350 to throw outa1413 yielda1450 devoida1475 render1481 reflair1509 sup out1513 to give out1530 utter1536 spout1568 to give fortha1586 to let fly1590 to put out1614 eject1616 evacuate1622 ejaculate1625 emit1626 fling1637 outsend1647 exert1660 extramit1668 exclude1677 emane1708 extromita1711 evolve1772 emanate1797 discharge1833 exsert1835 to give off1840 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 196 Who out of the corners of her eyes excluded a sort of congealed matter. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1382
随便看	to box it about to box it out to box it to box it off to box off to box on to box out to box the compass to box up to brace one's heart to brace oneself to brace up to braid after to braid of to braid on to braid up to braid up the sails to brainstorm one's way to brandy it to brass it to brattice up to bravade the street to brave it to brave it out to brave oneself to brave out