excitonn.

Brit.

/ˈɛksᵻtɒn/, U.S.

/ˈɛksəˌtɑn/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: excitation n., -on suffix¹.

Etymology: < excit- (in excitation n.) + -on suffix¹.

Physics.

An electrically neutral quasiparticle consisting of an electron and an associated hole (hole n. 4f) held together by electrostatic attraction, typically occurring in crystalline semiconductors and insulators. Also: an analogous quasiparticle consisting of an excited state of an atom, ion, or molecule and an associated hole.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > [noun] > quasiparticle > types of

exciton1936

roton1941

polaron1946

plasmon1956

polariton1958

soliton1965

1931 J. Frenkel in Physical Rev. 37 17 By superimposing several excitation waves ‘excitation packets’ can be constructed representing the travelling of the excitation state from one atom to another.]

1936 J. Frenkel in Phys. Zeitschr. der Sowjetunion 9 159 Just as the positive hole can be pictured as a collectivized positron, the excited state can be pictured as a kind of particle which we shall call a (collectivized) exciton.

1961 Jrnl. Chem. Physics 34 1835 The lowest‐lying ionized states may interact significantly with the un‐ionized molecular exciton states and give rise to weak charge‐transfer absorption bands.

2001 New Scientist 28 Apr. 24/1 When excitons relax back to a ground energy state, the electrons and holes combine, releasing photons of light.

2010 Sunday Times (Nexis) 3 Oct. 13 Excitons flow from high to low energy, so they go to the inner layer, where they are collected in a lower energy state, ready to be transmitted to the solar panel or other application.

Derivatives

ˌexciˈtonic adj. of or relating to an exciton; of the nature of an exciton.

ΚΠ

1956 Jrnl. Physics & Chem. Solids 1 19/2 Optical excitation of the excitonic energy levels is presumably observable experimentally.

1966 New Scientist 27 Oct. 175/1 Known as the excitonic molecule, this stable entity is built up of two electrons and two ‘holes’.

2009 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 12313/1 Because excitonic interactions lead to lower state energies, evidence for their presence is typically provided by the occurrence of red-shifted absorption bands.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	exciton
释义	excitonn. Brit. /ˈɛksᵻtɒn/, U.S. /ˈɛksəˌtɑn/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: excitation n., -on suffix¹. Etymology: < excit- (in excitation n.) + -on suffix¹. Physics. An electrically neutral quasiparticle consisting of an electron and an associated hole (hole n. 4f) held together by electrostatic attraction, typically occurring in crystalline semiconductors and insulators. Also: an analogous quasiparticle consisting of an excited state of an atom, ion, or molecule and an associated hole. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > [noun] > quasiparticle > types of exciton1936 roton1941 polaron1946 plasmon1956 polariton1958 soliton1965 1931 J. Frenkel in Physical Rev. 37 17 By superimposing several excitation waves ‘excitation packets’ can be constructed representing the travelling of the excitation state from one atom to another.] 1936 J. Frenkel in Phys. Zeitschr. der Sowjetunion 9 159 Just as the positive hole can be pictured as a collectivized positron, the excited state can be pictured as a kind of particle which we shall call a (collectivized) exciton. 1961 Jrnl. Chem. Physics 34 1835 The lowest‐lying ionized states may interact significantly with the un‐ionized molecular exciton states and give rise to weak charge‐transfer absorption bands. 2001 New Scientist 28 Apr. 24/1 When excitons relax back to a ground energy state, the electrons and holes combine, releasing photons of light. 2010 Sunday Times (Nexis) 3 Oct. 13 Excitons flow from high to low energy, so they go to the inner layer, where they are collected in a lower energy state, ready to be transmitted to the solar panel or other application. Derivatives ˌexciˈtonic adj. of or relating to an exciton; of the nature of an exciton. ΚΠ 1956 Jrnl. Physics & Chem. Solids 1 19/2 Optical excitation of the excitonic energy levels is presumably observable experimentally. 1966 New Scientist 27 Oct. 175/1 Known as the excitonic molecule, this stable entity is built up of two electrons and two ‘holes’. 2009 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 12313/1 Because excitonic interactions lead to lower state energies, evidence for their presence is typically provided by the occurrence of red-shifted absorption bands. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1936
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