etoilen.

Brit.

/ᵻˈtɔɪl/,

/ɛˈtɔɪl/,

/ɛˈtwɑːl/, U.S.

/əˈtɔɪl/,

/ɛˈtɔɪl/,

/eɪˈtwɔl/

Forms: 1700s– etoile, 1800s– étoile.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French étoile.

Etymology: < French étoile star (1636; c1100 in Old French as esteile ), star-shaped fort (1690; compare earlier †fort en estoile (1639)), X-shaped bandage (1696 or earlier; compare in the same sense étoillé , literally ‘starred’ (1689 in the passage translated in quot. 1706 at sense 1)), a charge in the form of a star (late 17th cent. or earlier; 14th cent. in Anglo-Norman as estoyle and in Middle French as estoille estoile n.), leading dancer in a ballet company (late 19th cent.; compare suject etoile (1895 as the official title for this position in the Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris)) < classical Latin stella star (see stella n.). Compare Old Occitan estela (mid 13th cent.), Catalan estela , estel (14th cent.), Spanish estrella (c1210 as †estella ), Portuguese estrela (13th cent.), Italian stella (late 13th cent.). Compare earlier estoile n.

†1. A bandage which is wrapped around a fractured shoulder blade so as to form an X-shape. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > bandage > [noun] > bandage for specific part

wristband1663

suspensory1699

etoile1706

scapular1739

scapulary1754

accipiter1813

frond1848

stapes1875

suspensor1896

1706 tr. L. Verduc Manner curing Fractures 76 in tr. A. Belloste Hosp. Surgeon (ed. 2) You must make the Bandage call'd Etoile [Fr. le Bandage nommé Étoillé].

2. Fortification. A small fort or redoubt in the shape of a star. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] > other types of fort

hendecagon1648

grand1670

etoile1727

vitrified fort1777

roundabout1795

ring fort1846

oppidum1847

sea-fort1879

motte-and-bailey1900

motte castle1912

mote-castle1919

murus gallicus1939

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Etoile,..a small Sort of Work of 4, 5, 6, or more Points, a Star redoubt.

1770 W. Hooper tr. J. F. von Bielfeld Elements Universal Erudition II. i. xlix. 25 A fort that is composed all of tenailles is called an etoile or a star fort.

1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Etoiles..have been superseded by square redoubts.

1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 211 Etoiles, in fortification, small redoubts which are constructed by means of angles rentrant and angles sortant, having from five to eight salient points.

3. Heraldry. A charge in the form of a star with wavy rays. Cf. estoile n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of heavenly bodies or phenomena > [noun] > star

estoile1572

ray1700

etoile1727

1727 T. Wotton et al. Eng. Baronets I. 139 Arms:..In Chief a Sphere between two Etoiles.

1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Rays, when depicted round the sun, should be sixteen in number, but, when round an etoile, six only.

1842 T. Moule Heraldry of Fish 59 The etoile is a well-known symbol of the Epiphany.

1869 J. E. Cussans Handbk. Heraldry (rev. ed.) vi. 97 Étoile is represented with six wavy points.

1956 H. L. Savage Gawain-poet 166 Gawain does bear the golden Star on the red shield. It may be the Étoile of the French kings Jean and Charles.

2010 Great Barr Observer (Nexis) 25 June 8 Inset into the brickwork, were the quartered arms of Sir Francis (Bateman—crescents and etoiles; Scott—lambs and catherine wheels).

4. (A title for) a leading dancer in a ballet company. Cf. premier danseur n., première danseuse n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > dancing > ballet > [noun] > ballet-dancer > leading dancer

premier danseur1822

première danseuse1822

coryphée1828

primo ballerino1840

prima ballerina1864

première1867

etoile1922

1877 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 27 May 12/1 Mdlle. Roserie..agreed to dance for them as premiere danseuse etoile.]

1922 Times 7 Oct. 9/4 Mme. Mariquita..returned to Paris as the étoile at the Porte Saint-Martin.

1952 Ballet Today July 7/3 Extracts from the third act of Daphnis and Chloe excellently danced by the two étoiles of the Paris Opéra.

1986 Stage & Television Today 7 Aug. 14/3 Nureyev announced the promotion of Manuel Legris to the top rank of étoile.

2002 Vogue Oct. 234/2 For her first season as an étoile, Pujol has a busy schedule.

Derivatives

† etoile-wise n. Obsolete in the form of a star.

ΚΠ

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 287 The public walks and drives..are formed etoile-wise.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	etoile
释义	etoilen. Brit. /ᵻˈtɔɪl/, /ɛˈtɔɪl/, /ɛˈtwɑːl/, U.S. /əˈtɔɪl/, /ɛˈtɔɪl/, /eɪˈtwɔl/ Forms: 1700s– etoile, 1800s– étoile. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French étoile. Etymology: < French étoile star (1636; c1100 in Old French as esteile ), star-shaped fort (1690; compare earlier †fort en estoile (1639)), X-shaped bandage (1696 or earlier; compare in the same sense étoillé , literally ‘starred’ (1689 in the passage translated in quot. 1706 at sense 1)), a charge in the form of a star (late 17th cent. or earlier; 14th cent. in Anglo-Norman as estoyle and in Middle French as estoille estoile n.), leading dancer in a ballet company (late 19th cent.; compare suject etoile (1895 as the official title for this position in the Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris)) < classical Latin stella star (see stella n.). Compare Old Occitan estela (mid 13th cent.), Catalan estela , estel (14th cent.), Spanish estrella (c1210 as †estella ), Portuguese estrela (13th cent.), Italian stella (late 13th cent.). Compare earlier estoile n. †1. A bandage which is wrapped around a fractured shoulder blade so as to form an X-shape. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > bandage > [noun] > bandage for specific part wristband1663 suspensory1699 etoile1706 scapular1739 scapulary1754 accipiter1813 frond1848 stapes1875 suspensor1896 1706 tr. L. Verduc Manner curing Fractures 76 in tr. A. Belloste Hosp. Surgeon (ed. 2) You must make the Bandage call'd Etoile [Fr. le Bandage nommé Étoillé]. 2. Fortification. A small fort or redoubt in the shape of a star. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] > other types of fort hendecagon1648 grand1670 etoile1727 vitrified fort1777 roundabout1795 ring fort1846 oppidum1847 sea-fort1879 motte-and-bailey1900 motte castle1912 mote-castle1919 murus gallicus1939 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Etoile,..a small Sort of Work of 4, 5, 6, or more Points, a Star redoubt. 1770 W. Hooper tr. J. F. von Bielfeld Elements Universal Erudition II. i. xlix. 25 A fort that is composed all of tenailles is called an etoile or a star fort. 1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Etoiles..have been superseded by square redoubts. 1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 211 Etoiles, in fortification, small redoubts which are constructed by means of angles rentrant and angles sortant, having from five to eight salient points. 3. Heraldry. A charge in the form of a star with wavy rays. Cf. estoile n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of heavenly bodies or phenomena > [noun] > star estoile1572 ray1700 etoile1727 1727 T. Wotton et al. Eng. Baronets I. 139 Arms:..In Chief a Sphere between two Etoiles. 1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Rays, when depicted round the sun, should be sixteen in number, but, when round an etoile, six only. 1842 T. Moule Heraldry of Fish 59 The etoile is a well-known symbol of the Epiphany. 1869 J. E. Cussans Handbk. Heraldry (rev. ed.) vi. 97 Étoile is represented with six wavy points. 1956 H. L. Savage Gawain-poet 166 Gawain does bear the golden Star on the red shield. It may be the Étoile of the French kings Jean and Charles. 2010 Great Barr Observer (Nexis) 25 June 8 Inset into the brickwork, were the quartered arms of Sir Francis (Bateman—crescents and etoiles; Scott—lambs and catherine wheels). 4. (A title for) a leading dancer in a ballet company. Cf. premier danseur n., première danseuse n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > ballet > [noun] > ballet-dancer > leading dancer premier danseur1822 première danseuse1822 coryphée1828 primo ballerino1840 prima ballerina1864 première1867 etoile1922 1877 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 27 May 12/1 Mdlle. Roserie..agreed to dance for them as premiere danseuse etoile.] 1922 Times 7 Oct. 9/4 Mme. Mariquita..returned to Paris as the étoile at the Porte Saint-Martin. 1952 Ballet Today July 7/3 Extracts from the third act of Daphnis and Chloe excellently danced by the two étoiles of the Paris Opéra. 1986 Stage & Television Today 7 Aug. 14/3 Nureyev announced the promotion of Manuel Legris to the top rank of étoile. 2002 Vogue Oct. 234/2 For her first season as an étoile, Pujol has a busy schedule. Derivatives † etoile-wise n. Obsolete in the form of a star. ΚΠ 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 287 The public walks and drives..are formed etoile-wise. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1706
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