episternumn.

Brit.

/ˌɛpɪˈstəːnəm/, U.S.

/ɛpəˈstərnəm/,

/ɛpiˈstərnəm/

Inflections: Plural episterna, (rare) episternums.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: epi- prefix, sternum n.

Etymology: < epi- prefix + sternum n. In sense 1 after French épisternum (J. V. Audouin 1820 (see Bulletin des sciences par la Société Philomatique de Paris (1820) 72); compare later episternal n. 2. With sense 2 compare earlier episternal n. 1.With the plural form episterna compare the plural forms of sternum n.

Zoology.

1. A segment of an arthropod's skeleton (usually a lower part of the lateral wall of the body, above a sternum or sternal element); spec. (in insects) the anterior sclerite of a pleuron. Cf. episternal n. 2.

ΚΠ

1830 Zool. Jrnl. 5 160 The six pectoral pieces are the sternum, the antefurca, two episterna, and two epimera, the four latter being lateral pieces.

1880 A. S. Packard Guide Study Insects (ed. 7) 11 Each ring consists primarily of the tergum, the two side-pieces (epimerum and episternum) and the sternum, or breast-plate.

1908 Proc. & Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc. 22 306 At the outer and posterior corners of each sternum are backwardly directed areas—the ‘episterna’.

1944 R. Matheson Entomol. for Introd. Courses iii. 53 The sclerites are indicated by the prefixes pro, meso, and meta (as for example proepisternum refers to the episternum of the prothorax, etc.).

1965 J. D. Carthy Behaviour of Arthropods ii. 19 Many insects have such sensory areas on the articulation between the episternum and head.

2010 N. Becker et al. Mosquitoes & their Control (ed. 2) v. 70/1 A small pleurite, the trochantin, is often present near the lower margin of the episternum.

2. A bone or cartilage located anterior to or above the sternum, and typically forming part of the pectoral girdle, esp. in a monotreme, reptile, or amphibian; spec. = interclavicle n. Cf. episternal n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > breastbone > [noun] > parts of

heartspoonc1405

spoon of the brisket1575

manubrium1705

xiphisternal1835

episternum1840

mesosternal1854

mesosternum1868

presternum1868

xiphisternum1872

sternebra1881

mesosterneber1890

mesosternebra1890

sternite1916

1840 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1839 Rep. State Sci. 105 They are also complicated each in the young Ichthyosauri with an epiphysial piece wedged into the angle between their anterior margins and the episternum.

1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 369 Clavicles were present, as well as an interclavicle (episternum).

1939 T. L. Green Pract. Animal Biol. i. 136 Draw the pectoral girdle as seen from below and the side noting..the sternum in the mid-ventral line (episternum, omosternum, xiphisternum and xiphoid cartilage).

1960 D. C. Braungart & R. Buddeke Introd. Animal Biol. (ed. 5) xviii. 265 To the anterior ends of the epicoracoids is attached the bony omosternum, bearing at its anterior end the cartilaginous episternum.

2005 Systematic Biol. 54 122/1 The sharing of a bicondylar sacrococcygeal articulation and the presence of an episternum [are used] as arguments for the grouping of Discoglossidae with a (Mesobatrachia + Neobatrachia) clade.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	episternum
释义	episternumn. Brit. /ˌɛpɪˈstəːnəm/, U.S. /ɛpəˈstərnəm/, /ɛpiˈstərnəm/ Inflections: Plural episterna, (rare) episternums. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: epi- prefix, sternum n. Etymology: < epi- prefix + sternum n. In sense 1 after French épisternum (J. V. Audouin 1820 (see Bulletin des sciences par la Société Philomatique de Paris (1820) 72); compare later episternal n. 2. With sense 2 compare earlier episternal n. 1.With the plural form episterna compare the plural forms of sternum n. Zoology. 1. A segment of an arthropod's skeleton (usually a lower part of the lateral wall of the body, above a sternum or sternal element); spec. (in insects) the anterior sclerite of a pleuron. Cf. episternal n. 2. ΚΠ 1830 Zool. Jrnl. 5 160 The six pectoral pieces are the sternum, the antefurca, two episterna, and two epimera, the four latter being lateral pieces. 1880 A. S. Packard Guide Study Insects (ed. 7) 11 Each ring consists primarily of the tergum, the two side-pieces (epimerum and episternum) and the sternum, or breast-plate. 1908 Proc. & Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc. 22 306 At the outer and posterior corners of each sternum are backwardly directed areas—the ‘episterna’. 1944 R. Matheson Entomol. for Introd. Courses iii. 53 The sclerites are indicated by the prefixes pro, meso, and meta (as for example proepisternum refers to the episternum of the prothorax, etc.). 1965 J. D. Carthy Behaviour of Arthropods ii. 19 Many insects have such sensory areas on the articulation between the episternum and head. 2010 N. Becker et al. Mosquitoes & their Control (ed. 2) v. 70/1 A small pleurite, the trochantin, is often present near the lower margin of the episternum. 2. A bone or cartilage located anterior to or above the sternum, and typically forming part of the pectoral girdle, esp. in a monotreme, reptile, or amphibian; spec. = interclavicle n. Cf. episternal n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > breastbone > [noun] > parts of heartspoonc1405 spoon of the brisket1575 manubrium1705 xiphisternal1835 episternum1840 mesosternal1854 mesosternum1868 presternum1868 xiphisternum1872 sternebra1881 mesosterneber1890 mesosternebra1890 sternite1916 1840 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1839 Rep. State Sci. 105 They are also complicated each in the young Ichthyosauri with an epiphysial piece wedged into the angle between their anterior margins and the episternum. 1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 369 Clavicles were present, as well as an interclavicle (episternum). 1939 T. L. Green Pract. Animal Biol. i. 136 Draw the pectoral girdle as seen from below and the side noting..the sternum in the mid-ventral line (episternum, omosternum, xiphisternum and xiphoid cartilage). 1960 D. C. Braungart & R. Buddeke Introd. Animal Biol. (ed. 5) xviii. 265 To the anterior ends of the epicoracoids is attached the bony omosternum, bearing at its anterior end the cartilaginous episternum. 2005 Systematic Biol. 54 122/1 The sharing of a bicondylar sacrococcygeal articulation and the presence of an episternum [are used] as arguments for the grouping of Discoglossidae with a (Mesobatrachia + Neobatrachia) clade. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1830
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