amyloidadj.n.

/ˈæmɪlɔɪd/

Etymology: German (Vogel and Schleiden 1839, in Ann. Phys. & Chem. XLVI. 327), < Latin amylum (see amyl n.¹) + -oid suffix.

A. adj.

1. Having the form or nature of starch, starch-like.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [adjective] > of the nature of starch

amylaceous1830

amyloid1857

resistant1983

1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §671 Semi-gelatinous layers of thickening met with in..certain seeds (called amyloid).

1877 Athenæum 1 Dec. 703/1 These yellow cells contain not oil but amyloid substances.

2. Pathol. Applied to a form of degeneration of various organs, or to the albuminoid substance (formerly supposed to be akin to starch) produced in this; = lardaceous adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > alteration of tissue > degeneration

cheese-like1634

cheesy1662

caseous1684

waxy1845

fibroid1852

histolytic1853

amyloid1859

Wallerian1877

fibrosing1879

fibrotic1893

steatogene1893

steatogenous1899

histolysing1912

blastophthoric1913

hyalinized1929

fibrosed1956

steatogenic1956

1859 J. Paget Let. 14 June in Mem. & Lett. (1901) 224, I have only a very imperfect knowledge..of what has been done..on amyloid degeneration.

1872 J. L. W. Thudichum Man. Chem. Physiol. 5 The term amyloid is perfectly correct as applied to this particular degeneration.

1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. (ed. 2) 59 Amyloid degeneration..is often known as the lardaceous, or waxy change.

1879 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word), Late observations clearly show that amyloid substance is not a starch, but a nitrogenous body; its exact composition is not known.

1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Cholesterin disease, a term applied to certain forms of amyloid or lardaceous degeneration.

B. n.

1. A substance akin to starch; any member of the group of carbohydrates including starch and related substances, as cellulose.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > miscellaneous other substances

guanine1850

amyloid1872

chitosan1895

chondroitin1895

xanthopterin1926

lipocaic1936

xylulose1936

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [noun] > starch > substance akin to

amyloid1872

1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. vi. 134 Amyloids are substances which also consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only.

1873 Le Conte in B. Stewart Conserv. Force vii. 177 The plastic matters of which vegetable structure is built are of two kinds—amyloids and albuminoids.

Categories »

2. Chem. The substance formed in amyloid degeneration, also called lardacein n.

Draft additions August 2010

amyloid beta n. Biochem. (more fully amyloid beta protein) = beta-amyloid n. at beta n. Additions.

ΚΠ

1987 Science 20 Feb. 880 The amyloid beta protein has been identified as an important component of both cerebrovascular amyloid and amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome.

1993 Brain Res. 623 142 In cerebral amyloid angiopathy, the amyloid-beta (A beta) deposits lie primarily in the tunica media.

1996 L. Shihabuddin & K. L. Davis in Z. S. Khachaturian & T. S. Radebaugh Alzheimer's Dis. xxii. 265 Vitamin E and idebenone..prevent cell death caused by glutamate and amyloid beta protein.

2002 Gazette (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) 15 Nov. 2 a/2 Researchers are uncertain if amyloid beta is the cause of Alzheimer's or the result of another mind-destroying process.

Draft additions August 2010

amyloid precursor protein n. Biochem. a membrane protein that gives rise by proteolysis to a smaller protein, beta-amyloid, deposits of which are found in the brain in Alzheimer's disease and certain other disorders; cf. beta-amyloid n. at beta n. Additions; abbreviated APP.

ΚΠ

1980 Jrnl. Immunol. 125 175/1 A group of DFP-inhibitable serine proteases that..degrade the amyloid precursor protein SAA has been partially characterized.

1991 Science 22 Feb. 876/3 Few ideas have seen such rapid ups and downs as the notion that mutations in the gene encoding a protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP) might cause the hereditary form of Alzheimer's disease.

2008 P. J. Whitehouse & D. George Myth of Alzheimer's ii. 61 Embedded in each neuronal cell membrane is a naturally occurring compound called amyloid precursor protein (APP) that helps neurons grow and survive.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1884; most recently modified version published online June 2011).

单词	amyloid
释义	amyloidadj.n. /ˈæmɪlɔɪd/ Etymology: German (Vogel and Schleiden 1839, in Ann. Phys. & Chem. XLVI. 327), < Latin amylum (see amyl n.¹) + -oid suffix. A. adj. 1. Having the form or nature of starch, starch-like. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [adjective] > of the nature of starch amylaceous1830 amyloid1857 resistant1983 1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §671 Semi-gelatinous layers of thickening met with in..certain seeds (called amyloid). 1877 Athenæum 1 Dec. 703/1 These yellow cells contain not oil but amyloid substances. 2. Pathol. Applied to a form of degeneration of various organs, or to the albuminoid substance (formerly supposed to be akin to starch) produced in this; = lardaceous adj. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > alteration of tissue > degeneration cheese-like1634 cheesy1662 caseous1684 waxy1845 fibroid1852 histolytic1853 amyloid1859 Wallerian1877 fibrosing1879 fibrotic1893 steatogene1893 steatogenous1899 histolysing1912 blastophthoric1913 hyalinized1929 fibrosed1956 steatogenic1956 1859 J. Paget Let. 14 June in Mem. & Lett. (1901) 224, I have only a very imperfect knowledge..of what has been done..on amyloid degeneration. 1872 J. L. W. Thudichum Man. Chem. Physiol. 5 The term amyloid is perfectly correct as applied to this particular degeneration. 1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. (ed. 2) 59 Amyloid degeneration..is often known as the lardaceous, or waxy change. 1879 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word), Late observations clearly show that amyloid substance is not a starch, but a nitrogenous body; its exact composition is not known. 1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Cholesterin disease, a term applied to certain forms of amyloid or lardaceous degeneration. B. n. 1. A substance akin to starch; any member of the group of carbohydrates including starch and related substances, as cellulose. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > miscellaneous other substances guanine1850 amyloid1872 chitosan1895 chondroitin1895 xanthopterin1926 lipocaic1936 xylulose1936 the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [noun] > starch > substance akin to amyloid1872 1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. vi. 134 Amyloids are substances which also consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only. 1873 Le Conte in B. Stewart Conserv. Force vii. 177 The plastic matters of which vegetable structure is built are of two kinds—amyloids and albuminoids. Categories » 2. Chem. The substance formed in amyloid degeneration, also called lardacein n. Draft additions August 2010 amyloid beta n. Biochem. (more fully amyloid beta protein) = beta-amyloid n. at beta n. Additions. ΚΠ 1987 Science 20 Feb. 880 The amyloid beta protein has been identified as an important component of both cerebrovascular amyloid and amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. 1993 Brain Res. 623 142 In cerebral amyloid angiopathy, the amyloid-beta (A beta) deposits lie primarily in the tunica media. 1996 L. Shihabuddin & K. L. Davis in Z. S. Khachaturian & T. S. Radebaugh Alzheimer's Dis. xxii. 265 Vitamin E and idebenone..prevent cell death caused by glutamate and amyloid beta protein. 2002 Gazette (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) 15 Nov. 2 a/2 Researchers are uncertain if amyloid beta is the cause of Alzheimer's or the result of another mind-destroying process. Draft additions August 2010 amyloid precursor protein n. Biochem. a membrane protein that gives rise by proteolysis to a smaller protein, beta-amyloid, deposits of which are found in the brain in Alzheimer's disease and certain other disorders; cf. beta-amyloid n. at beta n. Additions; abbreviated APP. ΚΠ 1980 Jrnl. Immunol. 125 175/1 A group of DFP-inhibitable serine proteases that..degrade the amyloid precursor protein SAA has been partially characterized. 1991 Science 22 Feb. 876/3 Few ideas have seen such rapid ups and downs as the notion that mutations in the gene encoding a protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP) might cause the hereditary form of Alzheimer's disease. 2008 P. J. Whitehouse & D. George Myth of Alzheimer's ii. 61 Embedded in each neuronal cell membrane is a naturally occurring compound called amyloid precursor protein (APP) that helps neurons grow and survive. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1884; most recently modified version published online June 2011). < adj.n.1857
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