aero-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Forms:

α. 1600s– aero-, 1700s 1900s– airo-, 1700s– aëro-.

β. 1700s aerio-, 1700s 1900s– ario-, 1800s– areo-, 1900s– aereo-.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek ἀερο-.

Etymology: < ancient Greek ἀερο-, combining form (in e.g. ἀερομετρεῖν to measure the air, Hellenistic Greek ἀεροσκοπία divination by observing the heavens) of ἀήρ air n.¹; compare -o- connective. Compare French aéro- (formations in which are found from the late 17th cent.), Italian aero- (formations in which are found from the mid 17th cent.), and German Aero- (formations in which are found from the 18th cent.).Attested in loans < French (from the second half of the 18th cent.: see e.g. aerostat n., aeronaut n.) and Greek (from the first half of the 19th cent.: see e.g. aerobate v.). Formations within English are found from the 17th cent. (compare aerostatic adj. and perhaps also aeromantic adj.). In β. forms perhaps influenced by aerial adj. In most words containing the element aer- (chiefly in the combining form aero- , but also in aeri- , aerate , aery , etc.) O.E.D. Suppl. (1972) gives for the initial element a disyllabic pronunciation (ē·ər-) or (ē:ər-) /ˈeɪər-/ or /ˌeɪər-/, which is also reflected in the formerly common practice of writing aër- with a diaeresis. Compare also aerial adj.

1. With reference to air or the air.

aeroallergen n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈalədʒɛn/

/ˌɛːrəʊˈalədʒ(ə)n/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈælərˌdʒɛn/

/ˌɛroʊˈælərdʒ(ə)n/

an airborne allergen.

ΚΠ

1948 O. C. Durham in W. T. Vaughan Pract. of Allergy (ed. 2) xlii. 451 The essential contribution of aerobiology to allergy is that of determining with reasonable accuracy the relative and actual amounts of aero-allergens that may be contacted in any place at any time.

2004 Clin. & Exper. Allergy 34 1563 Cross-sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood.

Aeroball n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəʊˌbɔːl/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌbɔl/

/ˈɛroʊˌbɑl/

(also with lower-case initial) a ball game for two players (or four divided into two teams), each of whom is on a trampoline in a specially designed enclosed framework and scores by throwing the ball into a target hoop behind the opposing player or players.

ΚΠ

1983 Los Angeles Times 14 July 2/2 It's called aeroball and object is to leap up, with the aid of a trampoline, and put ball in the hole.

2005 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) (Nexis) 18 Oct. e1 Aeroball is played either one-on-one or in two-person teams.

aeroballistic adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊbəˈlɪstɪk/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊbəˈlɪstɪk/

of or relating to aeroballistics; designating or characteristic of missiles or other objects whose trajectory in the atmosphere can be described in terms of combination of ballistics and aerodynamics.

ΚΠ

1927 Mansfield (Ohio) News 27 June 2/3 The charge was made..in a speech prepared for delivery at the dedication of the aeroballistic facility, naval ordnance laboratory.

1969 R. W. Marks New Dict. & Handbk. Aerospace 37/2 Aeroballistic missile, wingless vehicle employing the boost-glide and continuous roll technique for flight at hypersonic speeds through the atmosphere.

1997 Aviation Week & Space Technol. (Nexis) 9 June 75 The Air Force plans to test-drop two inert B61-11 earth-penetrating bombs as..part of a series aimed at defining the repackaged nuclear weapon's aeroballistic dispersion patterns.

aeroballistics n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊbəˈlɪstɪks/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊbəˈlɪstɪks/

the combined sciences of aerodynamics and ballistics, esp. as applied to the flight path of projectiles.

ΚΠ

1949 Evening Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) 15 June 9/6 The Naval Ordnance Laboratory is presently planning the dedication of its famed aeroballistics facility to be held during the last week in June.

1981 Ann. Rep. U.S. Navy Aeroballistics Comm. 185 As used herein, ‘Aeroballistics’ covers the following fields, in those phases pertinent to missiles and other naval weapons: fluid mechanics, aeroelasticity and structural dynamics, internal aerodynamics, stability and control, and aerodynamic heating.

1997 Aviation Week & Space Technol. (Nexis) 30 June 49 Almost two dozen supersonic, live-fire tests..have been performed at Eglin's outdoor Aeroballistics Research Facility.

aeroembolism n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈɛmbəlɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈɛmbəˌlɪzəm/

Medicine embolism caused by an air bubble in the bloodstream.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > excess gas or air in tissues

emphysema?1587

pneumatosis1779

pneumoperitoneum1896

pneumatization1919

aeroembolism1939

1939 H. G. Armstrong Aviation Med. xxi. 342 Aero~embolism may be defined as the disease produced by a rapid decrease of pressure below 1 atmosphere, such as may occur in aircraft flights to high altitude, and which is marked by the formation of nitrogen bubbles in the body tissues and fluids.

2006 Surgery 24 331/2 Air entrainment and aeroembolism may occur if surgery is done above the level of the heart (i.e. sinus or brain surgery).

aerogenerator n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈdʒɛnəreɪtə/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈdʒɛnəˌreɪdər/

a wind-powered electric generator; a wind turbine.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > generator > [noun] > using wind-power

Savonius1925

aerogenerator1945

windcharger1946

1945 P. H. Thomas Electr. Power from Wind 17 The methods for determining..the performance of the aerogenerator itself.

1988 Physics Bull. Feb. 54/1 Its £5m a year programme to develop megawatt range aerogenerators for UK grid operation aims to improve performance and lower costs of large turbines.

2005 Guardian 18 July ii. 12/3 The Aerogenerator is descended from what's known as a Darrieus rotor, which resembles an egg whisk in shape, and works something like a sideways water wheel.

aerograph n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəɡrɑːf/

/ˈɛːrəɡraf/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌɡræf/

(a) = airbrush n.; (b) (esp. in the terminology of modernist artist Man Ray) a work of art made using an airbrush.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > brush > types of

pencila1350

calaber pencil1583

washing-brush1585

softener1756

hair-pencil1763

camel('s) hair pencil1771

pound brush1780

dabberc1790

varnishing brush1825

writer1825

red sable1859

sweetener1859

varnish brush1859

fitch1873

sable-brush1873

wash-brush1873

Poona brush1875

hake1882

rigger1883

airbrush1884

liner1886

sable1891

stippler1891

aerograph1898

mop brush1904

filbert brush1950

1898 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 29 Apr. 274/1 Enlargements finished with the aerograph in water colours.

1939 Archit. Rev. 85 101 (caption) Detail of a panel by Sigmund Pollitzer, on polished black glass, using a fine aerograph-type sand-gun nozzle which enables the sandblaster to direct the blast accurately and, by reducing the pressure, obtain gradations of tone.

1968 ‘Q. Crisp’ Naked Civil Servant xxii. 149 I had nothing to lose but my aerograph and my typewriter.

2001 Washington Times (Nexis) 14 Oct. b6 Twenty-five years after his death, he [sc. Man Ray] is not known so much for his painting, collages, airbrush paintings which he called aerographs and other constructions as he might have wished.

aeromechanic n. and adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊmᵻˈkanɪk/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊməˈkænɪk/

(a) n. an aircraft mechanic; (b) adj. of or relating to aeromechanics; aeromechanical.

ΚΠ

1928 Navy Dept. Appropriation Bill 1929: Hearings before Subcomm. (U.S. Congr. House Comm. on Appropriations) 697 This country is full of auto mechanics who will come in when they are required and that type of man can easily be made into an aeromechanic as long as we have a nucleus of trained men.

1967 Adv. in Water Pollution Res.: Proc. 3rd Internat. Conf. 79 These represent optimum values achieved in the case of huge quantities of air and only little aeromechanic loss.

1989 Pacific Hist. Rev. 58 437 The carpenters, aero-mechanics, and teamsters unions..adamantly refused to admit blacks to their ranks until World War II.

2004 Jrnl. Voice 18 38/2 Several studies have examined the relationship of the respiratory and laryngeal system relative to voice production by means of measuring acoustic, kinematic, aeromechanic..and imaging variables.

aeromechanical adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊmᵻˈkanᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊməˈkænək(ə)l/

of or relating to aeromechanics.

ΚΠ

1915 Washington Post 11 Apr. ii. 2/2 George B. Fuller..has been appointed an aeromechanical engineer for service with the Signal Corps and he will be sent to the aviation school at San Diego.

1976 E. C. Stewart (title) An analytical study and wind-tunnel tests of an aeromechanical gust-alleviation system for a light airplane.

2004 Jrnl. Voice 18 38/2 Aeromechanical studies have shown that estimated laryngeal resistance changes relative to phonation at different lung volume levels.

aeromechanics n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊmᵻˈkanɪks/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊməˈkænɪks/

the branch of mechanics concerned with the motion of air and other gases and of objects moving in them; the fluid mechanics of gases.

ΚΠ

1901 L. Boltzmann in Monist Jan. 242 Where the motion of the material points is not restricted by equations of condition, as in the old effects produced by forces (for example, in the theory of elasticity, in aeromechanics, etc.,) Kirchhoff's concept of mass is intangible.

1934 L. Rosenhead tr. L. Prandtl & O. K. G. Tietjens Fund. Hydro– & Aeromechanics Introd. 2 Thin liquids and gases, in so far as they are incompressible, are the province of hydromechanics and aeromechanics in the narrow sense of the words.

2000 D. Fossum et al. Discov. & Innovation xxxvi. 428 The directorate..is organized into four technology divisions (Structures, Flight Control, Aeromechanics, and Vehicle Subsystems), which span all R&D areas associated with the..experimental simulation, design, and test of aerospace flight vehicles.

aerometeorograph n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈmiːtɪərəˌɡrɑːf/

/ˌɛːrəʊˈmiːtɪərəˌɡraf/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˌmidiˈɔrəɡræf/

/ˌɛroʊˈmidiərəˌɡræf/

Meteorology (now chiefly historical) an airborne apparatus for automatically recording several atmospheric phenomena (esp. pressure and temperature) at the same time, usually carried on an aircraft.

ΚΠ

1932 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 10 Aug. 1/7 He will send up small balloons carrying aerometeorographs to record humidity.

1956 W. C. Michels et al. Internat. Dict. Physics & Electronics 741 Radiosonde, an instrument which fulfills the same functions as the aerometeorograph but to much greater altitudes.

1970 P. Hughes Cent. of Weather Service iii. 98 (caption) Presumably the plane in the inset (top) carries an aerometeorograph.

aerophagia n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈfeɪdʒ(ɪ)ə/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˈfeɪdʒ(i)ə/

/ˌɛroʊˈfeɪdʒ(i)ə/

Medicine the swallowing of air; cf. aerophagy n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > [noun] > swallowing air

aerophagia1896

aerophagy1897

1896 M. Einhorn Dis. Stomach xiii. 417 In view of the importance of swallowing air in the production of belching, Bouveret proposed to designate this condition as aerophagia (eating of air).

1901 Lancet 30 Mar. 953/2 In horses aerophagia is a recognized disorder and is known to horse-dealers in France as ‘tic à l'air’.

1961 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 102 604/1 Some patients are able to swallow or gulp air without food (aerophagia), usually as an involuntary neurotic habit.

2000 Canad. Jrnl. Gastroenterol. 16 327 In early reflux disease, overeating, gastric distention, delayed emptying and aerophagia lead to transient losses of the barrier [that confines the gastric environment to the stomach].

aerophagy n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːˈrɒfədʒi/

U.S.

/ɛˈrɑfədʒi/

[after French aérophagie (M. L. Bouveret 1891, in Revue de médecine 11 148)] = aerophagia n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > [noun] > swallowing air

aerophagia1896

aerophagy1897

1897 H. C. Wood & R. H. Fitz Pract. of Med. v. ii. 1073 Eructation is to be regarded as a neurosis when air is swallowed in large quantity, aerophagy, and expelled from the stomach often with a loud noise.

1898 W. A. N. Dorland Amer. Pocket Med. Dict. 17 Aerophagy, habitual swallowing of air.

1996 S. Lavery et al. Hamlyn Encycl. Complementary Health 246/2 Excessive swallowing of air (aerophagy) may occur when people eat too fast, or in times of stress, and this can be a major cause.

aeroplankton n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəʊˌplaŋ(k)tən/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌplæŋkt(ə)n/

[after German Aeroplankton (H. Molisch 1912, in Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines an der Universität Wien 10 8)] Biology = aerial plankton n. at aerial adj. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > plankton > [noun] > types of

brit1838

limnoplankton1893

zooplankton1897

meroplankton1899

potamoplankton1899

pseudoplankton1899

cryoplankton1902

hypoplankton1902

microplankton1903

haloplankton1909

holoplankton1909

meroplankton1909

nanoplankton1912

neuston1928

aeroplankton1932

staph1933

astroplankton1954

picoplankton1978

1932 G. D. Fuller & H. S. Conard tr. J. Braun-Blanquet Plant Sociol. iv. 76 The quantitative investigation of the edaphon and aeroplankton is still in its infancy, and one must be content [with]..an approximate idea of the great wealth of species of air and soil floras.

1955 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 24 122 The samples [of food brought to nestling swifts] are richer than those found in the true ‘aeroplankton’, i.e. insects drifting through the air several hundred feet above the ground.

1999 Jrnl. Arachnol. 27 230/2 Salticidae constitute only 1.5–7% of all spiders in aeroplankton.

aerotactic adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈtaktɪk/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˈtæktɪk/

/ˌɛroʊˈtæktɪk/

Biology of or relating to aerotaxis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [adjective] > response to other stimuli

rheotropic1884

rheotactic1897

aerotactic1903

mechanosensitive1957

mechanosensory1974

1903 Bot. Gaz. 36 156 The osmotactic, chemotactic, aerotactic, or phototactic sensitiveness could be suspended by the narcotics.

1970 New Scientist 26 Feb. 397/1 (caption) The bacteria under the coverslip at the left hand side are ‘positively aerotactic’, aggregating around the edges where the oxygen concentration is higher.

2000 Jrnl. Biosci. & Bioengin. 90 2/1 Recent studies on magnetotaxis suggest that the function is associated with an aerotactic sensory system.

aerotaxis n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈtaksɪs/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˈtæksəs/

/ˌɛroʊˈtæksəs/

Biology directional movement (taxis) of a cell or organism in response to a gradient in oxygen concentration; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [noun] > in response to other stimuli

rheotropism1884

aerotaxis1895

geotaxis1897

rheotaxis1897

anemotropism1899

electrotaxis1899

anemotaxis1903

mechanosensitivity1969

1895 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 515 Herr Curt Herbst..discusses the aero (oxygeno)-taxis of the segmentation cells in Arthropod ova.

1955 Biol. Bull. 109 338 Rhodospirillum rubrum displays a..positive aerotaxis in the dark and in dim light, and a negative aerotaxis in bright light.

2006 Appl. Physics Lett. 89 233904-1/1 The swimming direction of MTB [= magnetotactic bacteria] although influenced by chemotaxis and aerotaxis is mainly based on magnetotaxis.

aerotherapeutics n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)θɛrəˈpjuːtɪks/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˌθɛrəˈpjudɪks/

Medicine (now rare) = aerotherapy n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [noun] > other miscellaneous treatments

majoration1626

relaxant1661

diaeresis1706

blistering1711

Perkinism1798

tranquillizing1801

tractoration1803

tractorism1827

moxibustion1833

traction1841

remediation1850

moxocausis1857

bed-rest1872

aerotherapeutics1876

aerotherapy1876

metallotherapy1877

block1882

counter-irritation1882

bacteriotherapy1886

mechanotherapy1890

mobilization1890

seismotherapy1901

bacterization1902

replacement therapy1902

biotherapy1912

occupational therapy1915

protein therapy1917

psychophysicotherapeutics1922

recovery programme1922

plombage1933

bacteriostasis1936

oestrogenization1960

hyperalimentation1962

vegetablization1963

pain management1966

palliative care1967

gene therapy1970

1876 Ann. Rep. Dis. Chest 2 70 In his elaborate treatise on Aerotheraputics (St. Petersburg, 1876), Dr. Simonoff gives the following conclusions.

1885 Lancet 18 July 117/1 Of special value are hygienic measures, abundant fresh air, pulmonary exercises—‘aero-therapeutics’—being advocated.

1911 Lancet 25 Nov. 1488/11 In the chapter on emphysema the authors give an interesting section on aerotherapeutics: this method of treatment is certainly of benefit in many, although not in all, cases.

aerotherapy n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈθɛrəpi/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈθɛrəpi/

[compare French aérothérapie (1865)] Medicine (disused) treatment of disease by altering the composition or pressure of the air that the patient breathes; esp. the climatotherapy of tuberculosis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [noun] > other miscellaneous treatments

majoration1626

relaxant1661

diaeresis1706

blistering1711

Perkinism1798

tranquillizing1801

tractoration1803

tractorism1827

moxibustion1833

traction1841

remediation1850

moxocausis1857

bed-rest1872

aerotherapeutics1876

aerotherapy1876

metallotherapy1877

block1882

counter-irritation1882

bacteriotherapy1886

mechanotherapy1890

mobilization1890

seismotherapy1901

bacterization1902

replacement therapy1902

biotherapy1912

occupational therapy1915

protein therapy1917

psychophysicotherapeutics1922

recovery programme1922

plombage1933

bacteriostasis1936

oestrogenization1960

hyperalimentation1962

vegetablization1963

pain management1966

palliative care1967

gene therapy1970

1876 Sci. Amer. 29 July 63/1 Aerotherapy..Air..is forced by steam power and kept at a pressure somewhat above that of the open atmosphere.

1918 Lancet 30 Nov. 757/1 His..suggestions..about aerotherapy, hydrotherapy, poultices.

1997 R. Porter Greatest Benefit to Mankind x. 254 In the event, aërotherapy or pneumotherapy achieved little, while the valuable anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide lay oddly neglected.

aerotitis media n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)tʌɪtᵻs ˈmiːdɪə/

/ɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtʌɪtᵻs ˈmiːdɪə/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˌtaɪdəs ˈmidiə/

/ˌɛroʊˌtaɪdəs ˈmidiə/

(also aero-otitis media) [ < aero- comb. form + otitis media n.] Medicine acute or chronic inflammation of the middle ear caused by an imbalance between the pressure of the ambient air and that in the middle ear; cf. aviator's ear n. at aviator n. Compounds. Now usually called barotrauma (of the ear).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > [noun] > inflammation

otitis1772

labyrinthitis1834

otitis externa1837

otitis interna1839

tympanitis1842

myringitis1857

otitis media1874

mastoiditis1881

mastoid1934

aerotitis media1937

aviator's ear1937

1937 Armstrong & Heim in Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 7 Aug. 419/1 In the United States the term ‘aviator's or aviation ear’ has begun to appear in the literature, while in Germany the terms ‘barotrauma’ and ‘tonetrauma’ have been suggested. The former are obviously unsuitable and the latter may be criticized as not being descriptive of the disease. We therefore suggest ‘aero-otitis media’..as a suitable descriptive term.

1949 Lancet 14 May 826/1 Clinical observations on aero-otitis media in aviators, compressed-air workers, and subjects in low-pressure-chamber tests.

2000 Amer. Jrnl. Industr. Med. 38 441 During World War II, large numbers of submarine trainees received nasopharyngeal radium irradiation therapy to treat aerotitis media or middle ear barotrauma.

aerotropic adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəˈtrɒpɪk/

/ˌɛːrəˈtrəʊpɪk/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˈtrɑpɪk/

Botany exhibiting or characterized by aerotropism.

ΚΠ

1889 Bot. Gaz. 14 316 In some other plants the abundant development of lenticels on the submerged parts or the formation of aërotropic roots or of pneumatodes seems to subserve the same function.

2001 Ann. Bot. 88 579 Three accessions [of Trifolium] formed ‘aerotropic roots’ and the lateral root lengths of these plants exceeded those of all other accessions.

aerotropism n.

Brit.

/ɛːˈrɒtrəpɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/ɛˈrɑtrəˌpɪz(ə)m/

[ < aero- comb. form + -tropism comb. form, after German Aërotropismus (H. Molisch 1885, in Wiener Akad. Sitzungsberichte 90 i. 137)] Botany the property of bending or turning towards a source of air, exhibited esp. by the growing roots of plants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > growth, movement, or curvature of parts > [noun] > tropisms

heliotropism1854

geotropism1873

apheliotropism1880

apogeotropism1880

nyctitropism1880

paraheliotropism1881

hydrotropism1882

selenotropism1883

selenotropy1883

rheotropism1884

orthotropism1885

plagiotropism1886

geotropy1888

haptotropism1888

aerotropism1889

phototropy1892

autotropism1897

plagiotropy1898

thermotropism1898

traumatropism1898

phototropism1899

gravitropism1969

1889 Cent. Dict. Aërotropism, in bot., deviation of roots from their normal direction by the action of gases.

1919 F. O. Bower Bot. Living Plant viii. 128 The roots [of pot-bound plants] grow towards a source of free oxygen... Such a response is styled aerotropism, and roots curving towards the source are positively aerotropic.

1947 A. Howard Soil & Health xiii. 151 The roots showed well defined aerotropism and..grew on the surface under the fallen potato leaves.

2007 J. D. van Elsas et al. Mod. Soil Microbiol. (ed. 2) vii. 195 Morphogenesis of mycelia is also highly regulated, with directional hyphal growth away from the center of the colony, possibly by positive aerotropism.

2. With reference to aircraft or aviation: in or from the air, airborne; conducted by or from aircraft. Also: forming the names of aircraft or their parts.

aero-biplane n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈbʌɪpleɪn/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈbaɪˌpleɪn/

ΚΠ

1874 9th Ann. Rep. Aëronaut. Soc. 14 (heading) The Aero-bi-plane, or First Steps to Flight.

1962 Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune 27 June 2/6 ‘Red’ Didget rides the wings of a roaring aero-biplane.

aero-chemical adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈkɛmᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈkɛmək(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1924 Nevada State Jrnl. 31 May 6/3 The Germans are preparing for this aero-chemical war by the realization in peace time of air hegemony.

1937 Daily Herald 16 Apr. 10/3 The second stage of an aero-chemical attack will be the passing down of fluid poisons stored, under pressure or not, in containers carried by aircraft.

1998 BBC Monitoring Europe (Nexis) 26 Apr. The craft will be used for aerochemical treatment of crops.

aero-engine n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəʊˌɛn(d)ʒ(ᵻ)n/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌɛndʒən/

ΚΠ

1907 Westm. Gaz. 5 Feb. 4/2 The directors of the Simms Manufacturing Company have decided to start a special department for the construction of an engine suitable for steerable balloons and aeroplanes, which will be introduced under the style of ‘Simms Aero Engines’.

1928 C. F. S. Gamble Story N. Sea Air Station viii. 115 The Navy was..compelled to adapt the Army aero-engine to its seaplanes.

1963 Listener 17 Jan. 124/1 Rolls-Royce are to put 16,000 employees in their aero-engine division on short time.

1993 J. Kay Found. Corporate Success i. i. 5 In 1945, the company was Germany's leading manufacturer of aeroengines.

aeromotion n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈməʊʃn/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˈmoʊʃ(ə)n/

ΚΠ

1878 Ann. Rep. Aeronaut. Soc. 44 In no case in which man has succeeded in fast locomotion by machines has he rigidly copied nature, and in every case he has beaten it. In aëromotion man will do the same.

1881 W. D. Hay 300 Yrs. Hence ix. 214 Health..has been marvellously improved by the universal custom of aëromotion.

1912 News (Frederick, Maryland) 31 May 7/1 A series of signal triumphs in aeromotion, constant and increasing, up to the very death of the distinguished aviator [sc. Wilbur Wright].

aerophotographic adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)fəʊtəˈɡrafɪk/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˌfoʊdəˈɡræfɪk/

ΚΠ

1918 H. Woodhouse Textbk. Mil. Aeronautics 93/2 Detailed description of the British aerophotographic organization will be of great assistance.

1998 Biotropica 30 24/2 Aerophotographic records of the area..show that mangrove mortality by 1987 had affected approximately 16.460 ha.

aerophotography n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)fəˈtɒɡrəfi/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊfəˈtɑɡrəfi/

ΚΠ

1914 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News 20 June 1/7 The balloon ascended..to fly to Koenigsburg for the purpose of making photographs to test a new aero-photography apparatus.

1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 9 Aëro~photography, the art of photographing from aëroplanes or airships.

1939 Geogr. Jrnl. 93 331 If..we ever undertake contouring of the Highlands of Scotland..the best way to do it will be by means of aerophotography and a plotting machine.

1996 Sarasota (Florida) Herald-Tribune (Nexis) 18 Dec. 6 b He was an airplane pilot and worked in aerophotography.

aerosurface n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌsəːfᵻs/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌsərfəs/

ΚΠ

1894 J. D. Fullerton in Proc. Internat. Conf. Aerial Navigation 241 Sustainer, or aerosurface, which rests on the air.

1902 Aeronaut. World (U.S.) 1 Oct. 65/2 Hofman's Flying Machine..is furnished with three large square flat aerosurfaces.

2000 Acta Astronautica 47 267/2 The nose, canted-fin leading edges, and aerosurfaces are made of a high- temperature carbon silicon-carbide hot structure with insulation.

aero-traffic n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtrafɪk/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌtræfɪk/

ΚΠ

1906 Lancet 15 Dec. 1674/1 (title) Aero-traffic.

1963 Florence (S. Carolina) Morning News 24 Oct. (caption) Aerotraffic specialists keep in touch with fliers.

aerobus n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)bʌs/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌbəs/

[compare French aérobus passenger-carrying aircraft (1908), aircraft carrying large numbers of passengers (1928)] an aircraft likened to, or considered to perform the role of, a bus, esp. by carrying large numbers of passengers or providing a shuttle service.

ΚΠ

1906 Daily Chron. 11 Dec. 6/6 ‘Aerobus’ might be preferred [to ‘airvan’].

1913 Daily Mail 4 Oct. 6 The Grahame-White aerobus established a new passenger-carrying record by taking up nine passengers.

1960 Aeroplane 99 850/1 To date, the transport helicopter has been most successful in airline service as a special purpose vehicle (‘aerobus’) transferring passengers between airports in the Chicago and New York areas.

1965 Guardian 10 Feb. 1/1 The Minister..announced that discussions were in progress for ‘an aerobus’ to provide cheap travel for large numbers.

2000 Econ. Press Rev. (Nexis) 5 Oct. Several days before the arrival of our Tu-154 a French aerobus landed in the local airport.

aerocar n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)kɑː/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌkɑr/

an aircraft; a (proposed) flying car.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft

air machine1783

aerostat1784

air vessel1824

aircraft1845

aerobat1879

flyer1880

clipper1887

machine1896

avion1898

aerocar1910

1910 Flight 13 Aug. 634/2 Airmen..are either Aeronauts or Aviators, according as the Aerocar that they control is an Airship or an Aeroplane.

1926 Chambers's Jrnl. 14 Aug. 581/2 Aero-cars may take off from here.

1965 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 3 May A superb old motorcar rehabilitated becomes an aerocar, a hovercraft, or whatever the Pott family requires.

2007 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 5 Apr. d1 The Canadian Avro gang had contemplated such an aerocar taking off and landing vertically.

aero club n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəʊ klʌb/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊ ˌkləb/

[compare French aéro-club (1898)] a club for the pursuit and promotion of aviation.

ΚΠ

1899 North Adams (Mass.) Evening Transcript 4 Mar. The preliminary meeting of the Aero club, as the association is to be called, was held recently.

1900 Science 23 Nov. 799/1 Through the cooperation of the Aëro Club, balloon races were organized.

1920 Glasgow Herald 28 Aug. 5/1 The Racing Committee of the Royal Aero Club.

1994 H. Livingston Destination: Israel iii. 80 Tiny, two-place, forty horsepower aerial flivvers, hardly worthy of the name ‘airplane’... Flown by members of an aero club: kibbutzniks, students, office clerks.

aerocurve n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)kəːv/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌkərv/

/ˈɛroʊˌkərv/

now rare an aeroplane wing with a curved (as opposed to flat) shape; (hence) an aeroplane (aeroplane n. 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > [noun]

air car1829

aeroplane1868

orange crate1889

aerodrome1891

aerocurve1894

airplane1906

drome1908

plane1908

kite1909

bus1910

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [noun] > plane or aerofoil

sail1808

plane1809

deck1843

surface1843

aeroplane1866

aerocurve1894

airplane1896

aerofoil1907

sustainer1908

airfoil1922

1894 J. Means in Aeronaut. Ann. 1895 157 The design here given calls for aeroplanes as being more easily made than aerocurves modelled after the wings of birds.

1897 in Epitome Aeronaut. Ann (1910) 64 The lower aerocurve was..taken off,..reducing the sustaining surface to 135 square feet.

1897 O. Chanute in Aeronaut. Ann. 41 The first machine which was repaired..was the aerocurve, with three superposed fixed surfaces.

1901 Flying Dec. 17 The twin-screw propelled ‘aerocurve machine’.

1902 F. Walker Aërial Navigation 115 Aeroplanes and Aerocurves. When these are made of fabric, yacht duck may be employed.

1961 Herald-Press (St. Joseph, Mich.) 30 Dec. Martin claimed that it was Herring who developed the aerocurve a basic principle in wing design.

aerocycle n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)sʌɪkl/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌsaɪk(ə)l/

/ˈɛroʊˌsaɪk(ə)l/

a (proposed) flying bicycle or motorcycle; (also Military) a personal flying machine with powered helicopter blades tested by the United States Army during the 1950s (now disused).

ΚΠ

1896 Steubenville (Ohio) Herald 13 Aug. The aerocycle isn't like the ordinary safety, for of course riding on air is not like pedaling on land.

1901 Sci. Amer. 2 Mar. 130/3 Mortureux; aerocycle with four wings.

1957 Britannica Bk. of Year 1956 512/1 Aerocycle, a small helicopter for use by combat infantrymen.

2006 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 6 Aug. 6 p He was celebrated for flying his aerocycle (half airplane, half cycle) from New York to New Mexico.

aerodyne n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)dʌɪn/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌdaɪn/

/ˈɛroʊˌdaɪn/

[compare aerodynamic adj.] now chiefly historical a heavier-than-air aircraft; an aeroplane.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft > heavier-than-air aircraft

flying machine1736

aeronef1861

aeromotive1865

aviator1891

aeromotor1902

aerodyne1906

1906 W. Turnbull in Sci. Amer. 211/1 Properly speaking, an aeroplane can only be one of the parts, and not the whole, of an aeronef; for aeroplanes are used in kites, in soaring machines, and in ærodynes, which is the term I wish to propose to denote aeroplane-supported machines, driven by mechanical power (i. e., by a prime mover). The Greek roots of aerodyne are obvious... The word aerodyne should be capable of international acceptance, and I would therefore suggest that in future the subdivisions of aeronef be: helicopter, orthopter, soaring machine, and aerodyne.

1981 Biogr. Mem. Fellows Royal Soc. 27 618 This was embodied in a major paper entitled ‘The application of the aerodynamic properties of three dimensional bodies to the stabilisation and control of aerodynes’ issued in September 1946.

1998 UFO Mag. Jan.–Feb. 58/1 Obviously, there are even more advanced aerodynes flying around today that American military intelligence agencies and others want people to believe are flying saucers.

aerojumble n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)dʒʌmbl/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌdʒəmb(ə)l/

/ˈɛroʊˌdʒəmb(ə)l/

a sale of assorted aeronautical parts and accessories, likened to a jumble sale; cf. autojumble n. at auto n.⁵ Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1984 Aircraft Illustr. Mar. 99/2 (advt.) Don't miss the next Aerojumble... It's a gigantic outdoor jumble sale of everything to do with aviation.

2001 Evening Standard (Nexis) 5 June 11 Spare parts are widely available at ‘aero-jumbles’.

aero meet n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəʊ miːt/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊ ˌmit/

now historical a social gathering organized by an aero club.

ΚΠ

1907 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 20 Oct. 4/3 It was the greatest aero meet that has been held in this country if not in the whole world.

1921 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 8 May a5/1 The big aero meet to be held by the San Francisco Aero club.

2004 Patriot Ledger (Quincy, Mass.) (Nexis) 22 Sept. 11 In 1909..daring pilots from around the world gathered for the Harvard-Boston Aero Meet.

aeromodeller n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌmɒdl̩ə/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌmɑd(ə)lər/

a person who makes model aircraft, or who flies remote-control model aircraft for recreation or in competition.

ΚΠ

1935 (title) The aeromodeller.

1942 R. H. Warring Airfoil Sections for Aeromodeller 5 This handbook contains data on a large number of airfoil sections which should be of use to the aeromodeller.

2003 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Dec. 14/2 Aeromodellers should accept that they're a small but easily identified target for nimbyism.

aeromodelling n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌmɒdl̩ɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌmɑd(ə)lɪŋ/

the practice of making model aircraft, or of flying remote-control model aircraft.

ΚΠ

1935 Aeromodeller Nov. 1/1 A publication which will meet with the approval of all interested in the fascinating and scientific hobby of aeromodelling.

2001 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Mar. 12/1 When a product alters a marketplace in the way that ‘almost ready to fly kits’ have altered aeromodelling, manufacturers and distributors have little choice but to jump on the bandwagon.

aero-modellist n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌmɒdl̩ɪst/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊˌmɑdələst/

= aeromodeller n.

ΚΠ

1932 Model Aircraft 1 ii. 28 Most aero-modelists have..been subjected to the amused sarcasm of..people whose previous acquaintance with model aeroplanes has been limited to paper gliders.

1996 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 11 Feb. b6 He was president of the Norfolk Aero-Modelist Association as well as a member of the Virginia Beach Shag Club.

aeromotive n.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈməʊtɪv/

U.S.

/ˌɛrəˈmoʊdɪv/

/ˌɛroʊˈmoʊdɪv/

[probably after French aéromotive (1863; now rare or obsolete)] rare (now historical) a heavier-than-air aircraft; an aeroplane.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft > heavier-than-air aircraft

flying machine1736

aeronef1861

aeromotive1865

aviator1891

aeromotor1902

aerodyne1906

1865 C. H. Turnor Astra Castra vii. 256 The balloon can only therefore be..the prologue; the true piece is the aeromotive, which supersedes the balloon.

1868 Aëronaut. Soc., Catal. First Exhib. 11 Model of an Aeromotive Engine.

1971 Technol. & Culture 12 465 In the latter half of the 19th century, a heavier-than-air machine might be variously referred to as an ‘aerial apparatus,’..‘aerial screw machine,’..‘aeromotive engine,’..‘aeroplane,’ [etc.]

aero-naval adj.

Brit.

/ˌɛːrəʊˈneɪvl/

U.S.

/ˌɛroʊˈneɪv(ə)l/

of or relating to combined naval and aerial military service or activity.

ΚΠ

1913 Ogden Standard (Utah) 11 Oct. Young millionaire McCormick..equips himself to be an aero-naval officer.

1959 Economist 21 Feb. 663/1 United States aero-naval strength in the Formosa Strait.

2000 Asian Surv. 40 1000 Short-lived, if very destructive, ‘aero-naval’ commando attacks.

aero race n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrəʊ reɪs/

U.S.

/ˈɛroʊ ˌreɪs/

a race organized by an aero club.

ΚΠ

1909 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 10 Oct. 35/5 The aero race to take place from Twelfth and Market streets, San Francisco.

1912 World Almanac (N.Y.) 432 Cross-country Aero Races European Circuit Race.

2006 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 12 Sept. 15 His single-seat stunt plane collided with a National Aero Club Ireland plane during an Aero race off Marsamxett Harbour.

aeroscrew n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)skruː/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌskru/

/ˈɛroʊˌskru/

rare disused. = airscrew n. at air n.¹ Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > means of propulsion > [noun] > aircraft engine > propeller

airscrew1675

air wheel1832

propeller1842

aeroscrew1902

prop1914

stick1917

1902 Flying June 135 Studying this matter of aerocurves and aeroscrews.

aeroshell n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ʃɛl/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌʃɛl/

/ˈɛroʊˌʃɛl/

Astronautics an aerodynamic, heat-resistant outer casing designed to protect a spacecraft from the heat generated by friction during travel through an atmosphere (as distinct from the vacuum of space).

ΚΠ

1966 Astronautics & Aeronaut. July 67/2 Aerodynamic deceleration using a hypersonic entry body or aeroshell, becomes quite competitive with rocket propulsion.

1987 Flight Internat. 10 Oct. 83/1 The spacecraft would then detach an aeroshell that would carry the Rover down to the surface without overloading or overheating.

2003 Time 9 June 64/1 Housed in an aeroshell, the spacecraft slams into the Martian atmosphere and slows down from 10,000..to 1,000 m.p.h.

aero-taxi n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtaksi/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌtæksi/

/ˈɛroʊˌtæksi/

[compare French aéro-taxi (1910)] rare an aircraft likened to, or considered to perform the role of, a taxi.

ΚΠ

1909 Flight 2 Jan. 14/1 In the aeroplane we have something new, something that is not standardised down, and commercialised so far as to have aero-taxis and aero-buses.

1923 Times 6 Apr. 10/6 M. Barbot..expresses the belief that his aviette is the forerunner of the aero-taxi of the immediate future.

aerotow n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)təʊ/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌtoʊ/

/ˈɛroʊˌtoʊ/

aerotowing as a method; an instance of towing or launching a glider.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > gliding and hang-gliding > [noun] > towing of glider

aerotowing1937

aerotow1938

1938 Times 20 Apr. 12/3 Launching by aero-tow is quite the simplest and most pleasant of the various methods of mechanical launching.

1971 N. Ellison Brit. Gliders & Sailplanes ii. 20 Winch launching from these long runways gave a good launch height, and aerodromes..eased the introduction of aero-tow launching.

1978 A. Welch Bk. of Airsports ii. 40/1 But, if the glider pilot thinks he would like an aerotow back home, it is no good his ending up in any small meadow.

2001 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Mar. 51/1 The mailbag has also been full to overflowing with comments and questions about..whether it's advisable to have someone holding onto the glider's wing when launching by aerotow.

aerotowing n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtəʊɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌtoʊɪŋ/

/ˈɛroʊˌtoʊɪŋ/

the towing of a glider by a light aeroplane to a height suitable for launching.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > gliding and hang-gliding > [noun] > towing of glider

aerotowing1937

aerotow1938

1937 Times 7 Aug. 6/2 We should like to see assistance and encouragement given to the development of aero-towing.

1938 Times 3 May 13/3 Yet there are two gliding clubs in England which have so far been unable to persuade the local light aeroplane clubs to arrange for aero-towing.

1978 A. Welch Bk. of Airsports ii. 39/1 (caption) Aerotowing is a satisfactory means of launching because the glider can be taken to a suitable area of sky to start soaring.

2001 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Mar. 51/1 The mailbag has also been full to overflowing with comments and questions about nose hooks, with many people wanting to know which are the best for aerotowing.

aerotrain n.

Brit.

/ˈɛːrə(ʊ)treɪn/

U.S.

/ˈɛrəˌtreɪn/

/ˈɛroʊˌtreɪn/

[after French aérotrain (1965)] a high-speed train supported on an air cushion and guided by a track (constructed as a prototype and not brought into production).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > train > train supported on air cushion

aerotrain1965

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > air cushion vehicle > [noun]

ACV1962

aerotrain1965

1965 Guardian 12 May 12/7 France is going ahead with a study of an ‘aerotrain’ system that would link cities at speeds of between 125 and 240 miles an hour... The train would ride on a monorail, suspended on a cushion of air of the Hovercraft kind.

1967 Jane's Surface Skimmer Syst. 1967–8 52 (caption) The experimental Aerotrain has attained 188 mph..over its 4.2 mile..long test track with the aid of a booster rocket.

1977 R. Whitaker Fodor's Railways of World 140 The aerotrain test track can be seen from the SNCF main line near Orleans.

1993 New Scientist 2 Oct. 37/3 He thought for a while about air-cushion vehicles, but the French were already building an ‘Aerotrain’ and so he turned to powerful superconducting magnets.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	aero-
释义	aero-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: α. 1600s– aero-, 1700s 1900s– airo-, 1700s– aëro-. β. 1700s aerio-, 1700s 1900s– ario-, 1800s– areo-, 1900s– aereo-. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek ἀερο-. Etymology: < ancient Greek ἀερο-, combining form (in e.g. ἀερομετρεῖν to measure the air, Hellenistic Greek ἀεροσκοπία divination by observing the heavens) of ἀήρ air n.¹; compare -o- connective. Compare French aéro- (formations in which are found from the late 17th cent.), Italian aero- (formations in which are found from the mid 17th cent.), and German Aero- (formations in which are found from the 18th cent.).Attested in loans < French (from the second half of the 18th cent.: see e.g. aerostat n., aeronaut n.) and Greek (from the first half of the 19th cent.: see e.g. aerobate v.). Formations within English are found from the 17th cent. (compare aerostatic adj. and perhaps also aeromantic adj.). In β. forms perhaps influenced by aerial adj. In most words containing the element aer- (chiefly in the combining form aero- , but also in aeri- , aerate , aery , etc.) O.E.D. Suppl. (1972) gives for the initial element a disyllabic pronunciation (ē·ər-) or (ē:ər-) /ˈeɪər-/ or /ˌeɪər-/, which is also reflected in the formerly common practice of writing aër- with a diaeresis. Compare also aerial adj. 1. With reference to air or the air. aeroallergen n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈalədʒɛn/ , /ˌɛːrəʊˈalədʒ(ə)n/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈælərˌdʒɛn/ , /ˌɛroʊˈælərdʒ(ə)n/ an airborne allergen. ΚΠ 1948 O. C. Durham in W. T. Vaughan Pract. of Allergy (ed. 2) xlii. 451 The essential contribution of aerobiology to allergy is that of determining with reasonable accuracy the relative and actual amounts of aero-allergens that may be contacted in any place at any time. 2004 Clin. & Exper. Allergy 34 1563 Cross-sectional studies have shown that overall aeroallergen skin test reactivity increases throughout childhood. Aeroball n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəʊˌbɔːl/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌbɔl/ , /ˈɛroʊˌbɑl/ (also with lower-case initial) a ball game for two players (or four divided into two teams), each of whom is on a trampoline in a specially designed enclosed framework and scores by throwing the ball into a target hoop behind the opposing player or players. ΚΠ 1983 Los Angeles Times 14 July 2/2 It's called aeroball and object is to leap up, with the aid of a trampoline, and put ball in the hole. 2005 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) (Nexis) 18 Oct. e1 Aeroball is played either one-on-one or in two-person teams. aeroballistic adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊbəˈlɪstɪk/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊbəˈlɪstɪk/ of or relating to aeroballistics; designating or characteristic of missiles or other objects whose trajectory in the atmosphere can be described in terms of combination of ballistics and aerodynamics. ΚΠ 1927 Mansfield (Ohio) News 27 June 2/3 The charge was made..in a speech prepared for delivery at the dedication of the aeroballistic facility, naval ordnance laboratory. 1969 R. W. Marks New Dict. & Handbk. Aerospace 37/2 Aeroballistic missile, wingless vehicle employing the boost-glide and continuous roll technique for flight at hypersonic speeds through the atmosphere. 1997 Aviation Week & Space Technol. (Nexis) 9 June 75 The Air Force plans to test-drop two inert B61-11 earth-penetrating bombs as..part of a series aimed at defining the repackaged nuclear weapon's aeroballistic dispersion patterns. aeroballistics n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊbəˈlɪstɪks/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊbəˈlɪstɪks/ the combined sciences of aerodynamics and ballistics, esp. as applied to the flight path of projectiles. ΚΠ 1949 Evening Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) 15 June 9/6 The Naval Ordnance Laboratory is presently planning the dedication of its famed aeroballistics facility to be held during the last week in June. 1981 Ann. Rep. U.S. Navy Aeroballistics Comm. 185 As used herein, ‘Aeroballistics’ covers the following fields, in those phases pertinent to missiles and other naval weapons: fluid mechanics, aeroelasticity and structural dynamics, internal aerodynamics, stability and control, and aerodynamic heating. 1997 Aviation Week & Space Technol. (Nexis) 30 June 49 Almost two dozen supersonic, live-fire tests..have been performed at Eglin's outdoor Aeroballistics Research Facility. aeroembolism n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈɛmbəlɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈɛmbəˌlɪzəm/ Medicine embolism caused by an air bubble in the bloodstream. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > excess gas or air in tissues emphysema?1587 pneumatosis1779 pneumoperitoneum1896 pneumatization1919 aeroembolism1939 1939 H. G. Armstrong Aviation Med. xxi. 342 Aero~embolism may be defined as the disease produced by a rapid decrease of pressure below 1 atmosphere, such as may occur in aircraft flights to high altitude, and which is marked by the formation of nitrogen bubbles in the body tissues and fluids. 2006 Surgery 24 331/2 Air entrainment and aeroembolism may occur if surgery is done above the level of the heart (i.e. sinus or brain surgery). aerogenerator n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈdʒɛnəreɪtə/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈdʒɛnəˌreɪdər/ a wind-powered electric generator; a wind turbine. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > generator > [noun] > using wind-power Savonius1925 aerogenerator1945 windcharger1946 1945 P. H. Thomas Electr. Power from Wind 17 The methods for determining..the performance of the aerogenerator itself. 1988 Physics Bull. Feb. 54/1 Its £5m a year programme to develop megawatt range aerogenerators for UK grid operation aims to improve performance and lower costs of large turbines. 2005 Guardian 18 July ii. 12/3 The Aerogenerator is descended from what's known as a Darrieus rotor, which resembles an egg whisk in shape, and works something like a sideways water wheel. aerograph n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəɡrɑːf/ , /ˈɛːrəɡraf/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌɡræf/ (a) = airbrush n.; (b) (esp. in the terminology of modernist artist Man Ray) a work of art made using an airbrush. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > brush > types of pencila1350 calaber pencil1583 washing-brush1585 softener1756 hair-pencil1763 camel('s) hair pencil1771 pound brush1780 dabberc1790 varnishing brush1825 writer1825 red sable1859 sweetener1859 varnish brush1859 fitch1873 sable-brush1873 wash-brush1873 Poona brush1875 hake1882 rigger1883 airbrush1884 liner1886 sable1891 stippler1891 aerograph1898 mop brush1904 filbert brush1950 1898 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 29 Apr. 274/1 Enlargements finished with the aerograph in water colours. 1939 Archit. Rev. 85 101 (caption) Detail of a panel by Sigmund Pollitzer, on polished black glass, using a fine aerograph-type sand-gun nozzle which enables the sandblaster to direct the blast accurately and, by reducing the pressure, obtain gradations of tone. 1968 ‘Q. Crisp’ Naked Civil Servant xxii. 149 I had nothing to lose but my aerograph and my typewriter. 2001 Washington Times (Nexis) 14 Oct. b6 Twenty-five years after his death, he [sc. Man Ray] is not known so much for his painting, collages, airbrush paintings which he called aerographs and other constructions as he might have wished. aeromechanic n. and adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊmᵻˈkanɪk/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊməˈkænɪk/ (a) n. an aircraft mechanic; (b) adj. of or relating to aeromechanics; aeromechanical. ΚΠ 1928 Navy Dept. Appropriation Bill 1929: Hearings before Subcomm. (U.S. Congr. House Comm. on Appropriations) 697 This country is full of auto mechanics who will come in when they are required and that type of man can easily be made into an aeromechanic as long as we have a nucleus of trained men. 1967 Adv. in Water Pollution Res.: Proc. 3rd Internat. Conf. 79 These represent optimum values achieved in the case of huge quantities of air and only little aeromechanic loss. 1989 Pacific Hist. Rev. 58 437 The carpenters, aero-mechanics, and teamsters unions..adamantly refused to admit blacks to their ranks until World War II. 2004 Jrnl. Voice 18 38/2 Several studies have examined the relationship of the respiratory and laryngeal system relative to voice production by means of measuring acoustic, kinematic, aeromechanic..and imaging variables. aeromechanical adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊmᵻˈkanᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊməˈkænək(ə)l/ of or relating to aeromechanics. ΚΠ 1915 Washington Post 11 Apr. ii. 2/2 George B. Fuller..has been appointed an aeromechanical engineer for service with the Signal Corps and he will be sent to the aviation school at San Diego. 1976 E. C. Stewart (title) An analytical study and wind-tunnel tests of an aeromechanical gust-alleviation system for a light airplane. 2004 Jrnl. Voice 18 38/2 Aeromechanical studies have shown that estimated laryngeal resistance changes relative to phonation at different lung volume levels. aeromechanics n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊmᵻˈkanɪks/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊməˈkænɪks/ the branch of mechanics concerned with the motion of air and other gases and of objects moving in them; the fluid mechanics of gases. ΚΠ 1901 L. Boltzmann in Monist Jan. 242 Where the motion of the material points is not restricted by equations of condition, as in the old effects produced by forces (for example, in the theory of elasticity, in aeromechanics, etc.,) Kirchhoff's concept of mass is intangible. 1934 L. Rosenhead tr. L. Prandtl & O. K. G. Tietjens Fund. Hydro– & Aeromechanics Introd. 2 Thin liquids and gases, in so far as they are incompressible, are the province of hydromechanics and aeromechanics in the narrow sense of the words. 2000 D. Fossum et al. Discov. & Innovation xxxvi. 428 The directorate..is organized into four technology divisions (Structures, Flight Control, Aeromechanics, and Vehicle Subsystems), which span all R&D areas associated with the..experimental simulation, design, and test of aerospace flight vehicles. aerometeorograph n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈmiːtɪərəˌɡrɑːf/ , /ˌɛːrəʊˈmiːtɪərəˌɡraf/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˌmidiˈɔrəɡræf/ , /ˌɛroʊˈmidiərəˌɡræf/ Meteorology (now chiefly historical) an airborne apparatus for automatically recording several atmospheric phenomena (esp. pressure and temperature) at the same time, usually carried on an aircraft. ΚΠ 1932 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 10 Aug. 1/7 He will send up small balloons carrying aerometeorographs to record humidity. 1956 W. C. Michels et al. Internat. Dict. Physics & Electronics 741 Radiosonde, an instrument which fulfills the same functions as the aerometeorograph but to much greater altitudes. 1970 P. Hughes Cent. of Weather Service iii. 98 (caption) Presumably the plane in the inset (top) carries an aerometeorograph. aerophagia n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈfeɪdʒ(ɪ)ə/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˈfeɪdʒ(i)ə/ , /ˌɛroʊˈfeɪdʒ(i)ə/ Medicine the swallowing of air; cf. aerophagy n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > [noun] > swallowing air aerophagia1896 aerophagy1897 1896 M. Einhorn Dis. Stomach xiii. 417 In view of the importance of swallowing air in the production of belching, Bouveret proposed to designate this condition as aerophagia (eating of air). 1901 Lancet 30 Mar. 953/2 In horses aerophagia is a recognized disorder and is known to horse-dealers in France as ‘tic à l'air’. 1961 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 102 604/1 Some patients are able to swallow or gulp air without food (aerophagia), usually as an involuntary neurotic habit. 2000 Canad. Jrnl. Gastroenterol. 16 327 In early reflux disease, overeating, gastric distention, delayed emptying and aerophagia lead to transient losses of the barrier [that confines the gastric environment to the stomach]. aerophagy n. Brit. /ˌɛːˈrɒfədʒi/ , U.S. /ɛˈrɑfədʒi/ [after French aérophagie (M. L. Bouveret 1891, in Revue de médecine 11 148)] = aerophagia n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > [noun] > swallowing air aerophagia1896 aerophagy1897 1897 H. C. Wood & R. H. Fitz Pract. of Med. v. ii. 1073 Eructation is to be regarded as a neurosis when air is swallowed in large quantity, aerophagy, and expelled from the stomach often with a loud noise. 1898 W. A. N. Dorland Amer. Pocket Med. Dict. 17 Aerophagy, habitual swallowing of air. 1996 S. Lavery et al. Hamlyn Encycl. Complementary Health 246/2 Excessive swallowing of air (aerophagy) may occur when people eat too fast, or in times of stress, and this can be a major cause. aeroplankton n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəʊˌplaŋ(k)tən/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌplæŋkt(ə)n/ [after German Aeroplankton (H. Molisch 1912, in Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines an der Universität Wien 10 8)] Biology = aerial plankton n. at aerial adj. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > plankton > [noun] > types of brit1838 limnoplankton1893 zooplankton1897 meroplankton1899 potamoplankton1899 pseudoplankton1899 cryoplankton1902 hypoplankton1902 microplankton1903 haloplankton1909 holoplankton1909 meroplankton1909 nanoplankton1912 neuston1928 aeroplankton1932 staph1933 astroplankton1954 picoplankton1978 1932 G. D. Fuller & H. S. Conard tr. J. Braun-Blanquet Plant Sociol. iv. 76 The quantitative investigation of the edaphon and aeroplankton is still in its infancy, and one must be content [with]..an approximate idea of the great wealth of species of air and soil floras. 1955 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 24 122 The samples [of food brought to nestling swifts] are richer than those found in the true ‘aeroplankton’, i.e. insects drifting through the air several hundred feet above the ground. 1999 Jrnl. Arachnol. 27 230/2 Salticidae constitute only 1.5–7% of all spiders in aeroplankton. aerotactic adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈtaktɪk/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˈtæktɪk/ , /ˌɛroʊˈtæktɪk/ Biology of or relating to aerotaxis. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [adjective] > response to other stimuli rheotropic1884 rheotactic1897 aerotactic1903 mechanosensitive1957 mechanosensory1974 1903 Bot. Gaz. 36 156 The osmotactic, chemotactic, aerotactic, or phototactic sensitiveness could be suspended by the narcotics. 1970 New Scientist 26 Feb. 397/1 (caption) The bacteria under the coverslip at the left hand side are ‘positively aerotactic’, aggregating around the edges where the oxygen concentration is higher. 2000 Jrnl. Biosci. & Bioengin. 90 2/1 Recent studies on magnetotaxis suggest that the function is associated with an aerotactic sensory system. aerotaxis n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈtaksɪs/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˈtæksəs/ , /ˌɛroʊˈtæksəs/ Biology directional movement (taxis) of a cell or organism in response to a gradient in oxygen concentration; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > movement in response to stimuli > [noun] > in response to other stimuli rheotropism1884 aerotaxis1895 geotaxis1897 rheotaxis1897 anemotropism1899 electrotaxis1899 anemotaxis1903 mechanosensitivity1969 1895 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 515 Herr Curt Herbst..discusses the aero (oxygeno)-taxis of the segmentation cells in Arthropod ova. 1955 Biol. Bull. 109 338 Rhodospirillum rubrum displays a..positive aerotaxis in the dark and in dim light, and a negative aerotaxis in bright light. 2006 Appl. Physics Lett. 89 233904-1/1 The swimming direction of MTB [= magnetotactic bacteria] although influenced by chemotaxis and aerotaxis is mainly based on magnetotaxis. aerotherapeutics n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)θɛrəˈpjuːtɪks/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˌθɛrəˈpjudɪks/ Medicine (now rare) = aerotherapy n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [noun] > other miscellaneous treatments majoration1626 relaxant1661 diaeresis1706 blistering1711 Perkinism1798 tranquillizing1801 tractoration1803 tractorism1827 moxibustion1833 traction1841 remediation1850 moxocausis1857 bed-rest1872 aerotherapeutics1876 aerotherapy1876 metallotherapy1877 block1882 counter-irritation1882 bacteriotherapy1886 mechanotherapy1890 mobilization1890 seismotherapy1901 bacterization1902 replacement therapy1902 biotherapy1912 occupational therapy1915 protein therapy1917 psychophysicotherapeutics1922 recovery programme1922 plombage1933 bacteriostasis1936 oestrogenization1960 hyperalimentation1962 vegetablization1963 pain management1966 palliative care1967 gene therapy1970 1876 Ann. Rep. Dis. Chest 2 70 In his elaborate treatise on Aerotheraputics (St. Petersburg, 1876), Dr. Simonoff gives the following conclusions. 1885 Lancet 18 July 117/1 Of special value are hygienic measures, abundant fresh air, pulmonary exercises—‘aero-therapeutics’—being advocated. 1911 Lancet 25 Nov. 1488/11 In the chapter on emphysema the authors give an interesting section on aerotherapeutics: this method of treatment is certainly of benefit in many, although not in all, cases. aerotherapy n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈθɛrəpi/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈθɛrəpi/ [compare French aérothérapie (1865)] Medicine (disused) treatment of disease by altering the composition or pressure of the air that the patient breathes; esp. the climatotherapy of tuberculosis. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [noun] > other miscellaneous treatments majoration1626 relaxant1661 diaeresis1706 blistering1711 Perkinism1798 tranquillizing1801 tractoration1803 tractorism1827 moxibustion1833 traction1841 remediation1850 moxocausis1857 bed-rest1872 aerotherapeutics1876 aerotherapy1876 metallotherapy1877 block1882 counter-irritation1882 bacteriotherapy1886 mechanotherapy1890 mobilization1890 seismotherapy1901 bacterization1902 replacement therapy1902 biotherapy1912 occupational therapy1915 protein therapy1917 psychophysicotherapeutics1922 recovery programme1922 plombage1933 bacteriostasis1936 oestrogenization1960 hyperalimentation1962 vegetablization1963 pain management1966 palliative care1967 gene therapy1970 1876 Sci. Amer. 29 July 63/1 Aerotherapy..Air..is forced by steam power and kept at a pressure somewhat above that of the open atmosphere. 1918 Lancet 30 Nov. 757/1 His..suggestions..about aerotherapy, hydrotherapy, poultices. 1997 R. Porter Greatest Benefit to Mankind x. 254 In the event, aërotherapy or pneumotherapy achieved little, while the valuable anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide lay oddly neglected. aerotitis media n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)tʌɪtᵻs ˈmiːdɪə/ , /ɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtʌɪtᵻs ˈmiːdɪə/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˌtaɪdəs ˈmidiə/ , /ˌɛroʊˌtaɪdəs ˈmidiə/ (also aero-otitis media) [ < aero- comb. form + otitis media n.] Medicine acute or chronic inflammation of the middle ear caused by an imbalance between the pressure of the ambient air and that in the middle ear; cf. aviator's ear n. at aviator n. Compounds. Now usually called barotrauma (of the ear). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > [noun] > inflammation otitis1772 labyrinthitis1834 otitis externa1837 otitis interna1839 tympanitis1842 myringitis1857 otitis media1874 mastoiditis1881 mastoid1934 aerotitis media1937 aviator's ear1937 1937 Armstrong & Heim in Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 7 Aug. 419/1 In the United States the term ‘aviator's or aviation ear’ has begun to appear in the literature, while in Germany the terms ‘barotrauma’ and ‘tonetrauma’ have been suggested. The former are obviously unsuitable and the latter may be criticized as not being descriptive of the disease. We therefore suggest ‘aero-otitis media’..as a suitable descriptive term. 1949 Lancet 14 May 826/1 Clinical observations on aero-otitis media in aviators, compressed-air workers, and subjects in low-pressure-chamber tests. 2000 Amer. Jrnl. Industr. Med. 38 441 During World War II, large numbers of submarine trainees received nasopharyngeal radium irradiation therapy to treat aerotitis media or middle ear barotrauma. aerotropic adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrəˈtrɒpɪk/ , /ˌɛːrəˈtrəʊpɪk/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˈtrɑpɪk/ Botany exhibiting or characterized by aerotropism. ΚΠ 1889 Bot. Gaz. 14 316 In some other plants the abundant development of lenticels on the submerged parts or the formation of aërotropic roots or of pneumatodes seems to subserve the same function. 2001 Ann. Bot. 88 579 Three accessions [of Trifolium] formed ‘aerotropic roots’ and the lateral root lengths of these plants exceeded those of all other accessions. aerotropism n. Brit. /ɛːˈrɒtrəpɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /ɛˈrɑtrəˌpɪz(ə)m/ [ < aero- comb. form + -tropism comb. form, after German Aërotropismus (H. Molisch 1885, in Wiener Akad. Sitzungsberichte 90 i. 137)] Botany the property of bending or turning towards a source of air, exhibited esp. by the growing roots of plants. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > growth, movement, or curvature of parts > [noun] > tropisms heliotropism1854 geotropism1873 apheliotropism1880 apogeotropism1880 nyctitropism1880 paraheliotropism1881 hydrotropism1882 selenotropism1883 selenotropy1883 rheotropism1884 orthotropism1885 plagiotropism1886 geotropy1888 haptotropism1888 aerotropism1889 phototropy1892 autotropism1897 plagiotropy1898 thermotropism1898 traumatropism1898 phototropism1899 gravitropism1969 1889 Cent. Dict. Aërotropism, in bot., deviation of roots from their normal direction by the action of gases. 1919 F. O. Bower Bot. Living Plant viii. 128 The roots [of pot-bound plants] grow towards a source of free oxygen... Such a response is styled aerotropism, and roots curving towards the source are positively aerotropic. 1947 A. Howard Soil & Health xiii. 151 The roots showed well defined aerotropism and..grew on the surface under the fallen potato leaves. 2007 J. D. van Elsas et al. Mod. Soil Microbiol. (ed. 2) vii. 195 Morphogenesis of mycelia is also highly regulated, with directional hyphal growth away from the center of the colony, possibly by positive aerotropism. 2. With reference to aircraft or aviation: in or from the air, airborne; conducted by or from aircraft. Also: forming the names of aircraft or their parts. a. aero-biplane n. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈbʌɪpleɪn/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈbaɪˌpleɪn/ ΚΠ 1874 9th Ann. Rep. Aëronaut. Soc. 14 (heading) The Aero-bi-plane, or First Steps to Flight. 1962 Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune 27 June 2/6 ‘Red’ Didget rides the wings of a roaring aero-biplane. aero-chemical adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈkɛmᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈkɛmək(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1924 Nevada State Jrnl. 31 May 6/3 The Germans are preparing for this aero-chemical war by the realization in peace time of air hegemony. 1937 Daily Herald 16 Apr. 10/3 The second stage of an aero-chemical attack will be the passing down of fluid poisons stored, under pressure or not, in containers carried by aircraft. 1998 BBC Monitoring Europe (Nexis) 26 Apr. The craft will be used for aerochemical treatment of crops. aero-engine n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəʊˌɛn(d)ʒ(ᵻ)n/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌɛndʒən/ ΚΠ 1907 Westm. Gaz. 5 Feb. 4/2 The directors of the Simms Manufacturing Company have decided to start a special department for the construction of an engine suitable for steerable balloons and aeroplanes, which will be introduced under the style of ‘Simms Aero Engines’. 1928 C. F. S. Gamble Story N. Sea Air Station viii. 115 The Navy was..compelled to adapt the Army aero-engine to its seaplanes. 1963 Listener 17 Jan. 124/1 Rolls-Royce are to put 16,000 employees in their aero-engine division on short time. 1993 J. Kay Found. Corporate Success i. i. 5 In 1945, the company was Germany's leading manufacturer of aeroengines. aeromotion n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈməʊʃn/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˈmoʊʃ(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1878 Ann. Rep. Aeronaut. Soc. 44 In no case in which man has succeeded in fast locomotion by machines has he rigidly copied nature, and in every case he has beaten it. In aëromotion man will do the same. 1881 W. D. Hay 300 Yrs. Hence ix. 214 Health..has been marvellously improved by the universal custom of aëromotion. 1912 News (Frederick, Maryland) 31 May 7/1 A series of signal triumphs in aeromotion, constant and increasing, up to the very death of the distinguished aviator [sc. Wilbur Wright]. aerophotographic adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)fəʊtəˈɡrafɪk/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˌfoʊdəˈɡræfɪk/ ΚΠ 1918 H. Woodhouse Textbk. Mil. Aeronautics 93/2 Detailed description of the British aerophotographic organization will be of great assistance. 1998 Biotropica 30 24/2 Aerophotographic records of the area..show that mangrove mortality by 1987 had affected approximately 16.460 ha. aerophotography n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)fəˈtɒɡrəfi/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊfəˈtɑɡrəfi/ ΚΠ 1914 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News 20 June 1/7 The balloon ascended..to fly to Koenigsburg for the purpose of making photographs to test a new aero-photography apparatus. 1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 9 Aëro~photography, the art of photographing from aëroplanes or airships. 1939 Geogr. Jrnl. 93 331 If..we ever undertake contouring of the Highlands of Scotland..the best way to do it will be by means of aerophotography and a plotting machine. 1996 Sarasota (Florida) Herald-Tribune (Nexis) 18 Dec. 6 b He was an airplane pilot and worked in aerophotography. aerosurface n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌsəːfᵻs/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌsərfəs/ ΚΠ 1894 J. D. Fullerton in Proc. Internat. Conf. Aerial Navigation 241 Sustainer, or aerosurface, which rests on the air. 1902 Aeronaut. World (U.S.) 1 Oct. 65/2 Hofman's Flying Machine..is furnished with three large square flat aerosurfaces. 2000 Acta Astronautica 47 267/2 The nose, canted-fin leading edges, and aerosurfaces are made of a high- temperature carbon silicon-carbide hot structure with insulation. aero-traffic n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtrafɪk/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌtræfɪk/ ΚΠ 1906 Lancet 15 Dec. 1674/1 (title) Aero-traffic. 1963 Florence (S. Carolina) Morning News 24 Oct. (caption) Aerotraffic specialists keep in touch with fliers. b. aerobus n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)bʌs/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌbəs/ [compare French aérobus passenger-carrying aircraft (1908), aircraft carrying large numbers of passengers (1928)] an aircraft likened to, or considered to perform the role of, a bus, esp. by carrying large numbers of passengers or providing a shuttle service. ΚΠ 1906 Daily Chron. 11 Dec. 6/6 ‘Aerobus’ might be preferred [to ‘airvan’]. 1913 Daily Mail 4 Oct. 6 The Grahame-White aerobus established a new passenger-carrying record by taking up nine passengers. 1960 Aeroplane 99 850/1 To date, the transport helicopter has been most successful in airline service as a special purpose vehicle (‘aerobus’) transferring passengers between airports in the Chicago and New York areas. 1965 Guardian 10 Feb. 1/1 The Minister..announced that discussions were in progress for ‘an aerobus’ to provide cheap travel for large numbers. 2000 Econ. Press Rev. (Nexis) 5 Oct. Several days before the arrival of our Tu-154 a French aerobus landed in the local airport. aerocar n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)kɑː/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌkɑr/ an aircraft; a (proposed) flying car. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft air machine1783 aerostat1784 air vessel1824 aircraft1845 aerobat1879 flyer1880 clipper1887 machine1896 avion1898 aerocar1910 1910 Flight 13 Aug. 634/2 Airmen..are either Aeronauts or Aviators, according as the Aerocar that they control is an Airship or an Aeroplane. 1926 Chambers's Jrnl. 14 Aug. 581/2 Aero-cars may take off from here. 1965 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 3 May A superb old motorcar rehabilitated becomes an aerocar, a hovercraft, or whatever the Pott family requires. 2007 Gazette (Montreal) (Nexis) 5 Apr. d1 The Canadian Avro gang had contemplated such an aerocar taking off and landing vertically. aero club n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəʊ klʌb/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊ ˌkləb/ [compare French aéro-club (1898)] a club for the pursuit and promotion of aviation. ΚΠ 1899 North Adams (Mass.) Evening Transcript 4 Mar. The preliminary meeting of the Aero club, as the association is to be called, was held recently. 1900 Science 23 Nov. 799/1 Through the cooperation of the Aëro Club, balloon races were organized. 1920 Glasgow Herald 28 Aug. 5/1 The Racing Committee of the Royal Aero Club. 1994 H. Livingston Destination: Israel iii. 80 Tiny, two-place, forty horsepower aerial flivvers, hardly worthy of the name ‘airplane’... Flown by members of an aero club: kibbutzniks, students, office clerks. aerocurve n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)kəːv/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌkərv/ , /ˈɛroʊˌkərv/ now rare an aeroplane wing with a curved (as opposed to flat) shape; (hence) an aeroplane (aeroplane n. 2). ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > [noun] air car1829 aeroplane1868 orange crate1889 aerodrome1891 aerocurve1894 airplane1906 drome1908 plane1908 kite1909 bus1910 society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [noun] > plane or aerofoil sail1808 plane1809 deck1843 surface1843 aeroplane1866 aerocurve1894 airplane1896 aerofoil1907 sustainer1908 airfoil1922 1894 J. Means in Aeronaut. Ann. 1895 157 The design here given calls for aeroplanes as being more easily made than aerocurves modelled after the wings of birds. 1897 in Epitome Aeronaut. Ann (1910) 64 The lower aerocurve was..taken off,..reducing the sustaining surface to 135 square feet. 1897 O. Chanute in Aeronaut. Ann. 41 The first machine which was repaired..was the aerocurve, with three superposed fixed surfaces. 1901 Flying Dec. 17 The twin-screw propelled ‘aerocurve machine’. 1902 F. Walker Aërial Navigation 115 Aeroplanes and Aerocurves. When these are made of fabric, yacht duck may be employed. 1961 Herald-Press (St. Joseph, Mich.) 30 Dec. Martin claimed that it was Herring who developed the aerocurve a basic principle in wing design. aerocycle n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)sʌɪkl/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌsaɪk(ə)l/ , /ˈɛroʊˌsaɪk(ə)l/ a (proposed) flying bicycle or motorcycle; (also Military) a personal flying machine with powered helicopter blades tested by the United States Army during the 1950s (now disused). ΚΠ 1896 Steubenville (Ohio) Herald 13 Aug. The aerocycle isn't like the ordinary safety, for of course riding on air is not like pedaling on land. 1901 Sci. Amer. 2 Mar. 130/3 Mortureux; aerocycle with four wings. 1957 Britannica Bk. of Year 1956 512/1 Aerocycle, a small helicopter for use by combat infantrymen. 2006 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 6 Aug. 6 p He was celebrated for flying his aerocycle (half airplane, half cycle) from New York to New Mexico. aerodyne n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)dʌɪn/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌdaɪn/ , /ˈɛroʊˌdaɪn/ [compare aerodynamic adj.] now chiefly historical a heavier-than-air aircraft; an aeroplane. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft > heavier-than-air aircraft flying machine1736 aeronef1861 aeromotive1865 aviator1891 aeromotor1902 aerodyne1906 1906 W. Turnbull in Sci. Amer. 211/1 Properly speaking, an aeroplane can only be one of the parts, and not the whole, of an aeronef; for aeroplanes are used in kites, in soaring machines, and in ærodynes, which is the term I wish to propose to denote aeroplane-supported machines, driven by mechanical power (i. e., by a prime mover). The Greek roots of aerodyne are obvious... The word aerodyne should be capable of international acceptance, and I would therefore suggest that in future the subdivisions of aeronef be: helicopter, orthopter, soaring machine, and aerodyne. 1981 Biogr. Mem. Fellows Royal Soc. 27 618 This was embodied in a major paper entitled ‘The application of the aerodynamic properties of three dimensional bodies to the stabilisation and control of aerodynes’ issued in September 1946. 1998 UFO Mag. Jan.–Feb. 58/1 Obviously, there are even more advanced aerodynes flying around today that American military intelligence agencies and others want people to believe are flying saucers. aerojumble n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)dʒʌmbl/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌdʒəmb(ə)l/ , /ˈɛroʊˌdʒəmb(ə)l/ a sale of assorted aeronautical parts and accessories, likened to a jumble sale; cf. autojumble n. at auto n.⁵ Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1984 Aircraft Illustr. Mar. 99/2 (advt.) Don't miss the next Aerojumble... It's a gigantic outdoor jumble sale of everything to do with aviation. 2001 Evening Standard (Nexis) 5 June 11 Spare parts are widely available at ‘aero-jumbles’. aero meet n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəʊ miːt/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊ ˌmit/ now historical a social gathering organized by an aero club. ΚΠ 1907 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 20 Oct. 4/3 It was the greatest aero meet that has been held in this country if not in the whole world. 1921 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 8 May a5/1 The big aero meet to be held by the San Francisco Aero club. 2004 Patriot Ledger (Quincy, Mass.) (Nexis) 22 Sept. 11 In 1909..daring pilots from around the world gathered for the Harvard-Boston Aero Meet. aeromodeller n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌmɒdl̩ə/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌmɑd(ə)lər/ a person who makes model aircraft, or who flies remote-control model aircraft for recreation or in competition. ΚΠ 1935 (title) The aeromodeller. 1942 R. H. Warring Airfoil Sections for Aeromodeller 5 This handbook contains data on a large number of airfoil sections which should be of use to the aeromodeller. 2003 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Dec. 14/2 Aeromodellers should accept that they're a small but easily identified target for nimbyism. aeromodelling n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌmɒdl̩ɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌmɑd(ə)lɪŋ/ the practice of making model aircraft, or of flying remote-control model aircraft. ΚΠ 1935 Aeromodeller Nov. 1/1 A publication which will meet with the approval of all interested in the fascinating and scientific hobby of aeromodelling. 2001 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Mar. 12/1 When a product alters a marketplace in the way that ‘almost ready to fly kits’ have altered aeromodelling, manufacturers and distributors have little choice but to jump on the bandwagon. aero-modellist n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌmɒdl̩ɪst/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊˌmɑdələst/ = aeromodeller n. ΚΠ 1932 Model Aircraft 1 ii. 28 Most aero-modelists have..been subjected to the amused sarcasm of..people whose previous acquaintance with model aeroplanes has been limited to paper gliders. 1996 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 11 Feb. b6 He was president of the Norfolk Aero-Modelist Association as well as a member of the Virginia Beach Shag Club. aeromotive n. Brit. /ˌɛːrə(ʊ)ˈməʊtɪv/ , U.S. /ˌɛrəˈmoʊdɪv/ , /ˌɛroʊˈmoʊdɪv/ [probably after French aéromotive (1863; now rare or obsolete)] rare (now historical) a heavier-than-air aircraft; an aeroplane. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft > heavier-than-air aircraft flying machine1736 aeronef1861 aeromotive1865 aviator1891 aeromotor1902 aerodyne1906 1865 C. H. Turnor Astra Castra vii. 256 The balloon can only therefore be..the prologue; the true piece is the aeromotive, which supersedes the balloon. 1868 Aëronaut. Soc., Catal. First Exhib. 11 Model of an Aeromotive Engine. 1971 Technol. & Culture 12 465 In the latter half of the 19th century, a heavier-than-air machine might be variously referred to as an ‘aerial apparatus,’..‘aerial screw machine,’..‘aeromotive engine,’..‘aeroplane,’ [etc.] aero-naval adj. Brit. /ˌɛːrəʊˈneɪvl/ , U.S. /ˌɛroʊˈneɪv(ə)l/ of or relating to combined naval and aerial military service or activity. ΚΠ 1913 Ogden Standard (Utah) 11 Oct. Young millionaire McCormick..equips himself to be an aero-naval officer. 1959 Economist 21 Feb. 663/1 United States aero-naval strength in the Formosa Strait. 2000 Asian Surv. 40 1000 Short-lived, if very destructive, ‘aero-naval’ commando attacks. aero race n. Brit. /ˈɛːrəʊ reɪs/ , U.S. /ˈɛroʊ ˌreɪs/ a race organized by an aero club. ΚΠ 1909 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 10 Oct. 35/5 The aero race to take place from Twelfth and Market streets, San Francisco. 1912 World Almanac (N.Y.) 432 Cross-country Aero Races European Circuit Race. 2006 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 12 Sept. 15 His single-seat stunt plane collided with a National Aero Club Ireland plane during an Aero race off Marsamxett Harbour. aeroscrew n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)skruː/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌskru/ , /ˈɛroʊˌskru/ rare disused. = airscrew n. at air n.¹ Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > means of propulsion > [noun] > aircraft engine > propeller airscrew1675 air wheel1832 propeller1842 aeroscrew1902 prop1914 stick1917 1902 Flying June 135 Studying this matter of aerocurves and aeroscrews. aeroshell n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ʃɛl/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌʃɛl/ , /ˈɛroʊˌʃɛl/ Astronautics an aerodynamic, heat-resistant outer casing designed to protect a spacecraft from the heat generated by friction during travel through an atmosphere (as distinct from the vacuum of space). ΚΠ 1966 Astronautics & Aeronaut. July 67/2 Aerodynamic deceleration using a hypersonic entry body or aeroshell, becomes quite competitive with rocket propulsion. 1987 Flight Internat. 10 Oct. 83/1 The spacecraft would then detach an aeroshell that would carry the Rover down to the surface without overloading or overheating. 2003 Time 9 June 64/1 Housed in an aeroshell, the spacecraft slams into the Martian atmosphere and slows down from 10,000..to 1,000 m.p.h. aero-taxi n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtaksi/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌtæksi/ , /ˈɛroʊˌtæksi/ [compare French aéro-taxi (1910)] rare an aircraft likened to, or considered to perform the role of, a taxi. ΚΠ 1909 Flight 2 Jan. 14/1 In the aeroplane we have something new, something that is not standardised down, and commercialised so far as to have aero-taxis and aero-buses. 1923 Times 6 Apr. 10/6 M. Barbot..expresses the belief that his aviette is the forerunner of the aero-taxi of the immediate future. aerotow n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)təʊ/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌtoʊ/ , /ˈɛroʊˌtoʊ/ aerotowing as a method; an instance of towing or launching a glider. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > gliding and hang-gliding > [noun] > towing of glider aerotowing1937 aerotow1938 1938 Times 20 Apr. 12/3 Launching by aero-tow is quite the simplest and most pleasant of the various methods of mechanical launching. 1971 N. Ellison Brit. Gliders & Sailplanes ii. 20 Winch launching from these long runways gave a good launch height, and aerodromes..eased the introduction of aero-tow launching. 1978 A. Welch Bk. of Airsports ii. 40/1 But, if the glider pilot thinks he would like an aerotow back home, it is no good his ending up in any small meadow. 2001 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Mar. 51/1 The mailbag has also been full to overflowing with comments and questions about..whether it's advisable to have someone holding onto the glider's wing when launching by aerotow. aerotowing n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)ˌtəʊɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌtoʊɪŋ/ , /ˈɛroʊˌtoʊɪŋ/ the towing of a glider by a light aeroplane to a height suitable for launching. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > gliding and hang-gliding > [noun] > towing of glider aerotowing1937 aerotow1938 1937 Times 7 Aug. 6/2 We should like to see assistance and encouragement given to the development of aero-towing. 1938 Times 3 May 13/3 Yet there are two gliding clubs in England which have so far been unable to persuade the local light aeroplane clubs to arrange for aero-towing. 1978 A. Welch Bk. of Airsports ii. 39/1 (caption) Aerotowing is a satisfactory means of launching because the glider can be taken to a suitable area of sky to start soaring. 2001 RCM & E (Radio Control Models & Electronics) Mar. 51/1 The mailbag has also been full to overflowing with comments and questions about nose hooks, with many people wanting to know which are the best for aerotowing. aerotrain n. Brit. /ˈɛːrə(ʊ)treɪn/ , U.S. /ˈɛrəˌtreɪn/ , /ˈɛroʊˌtreɪn/ [after French aérotrain (1965)] a high-speed train supported on an air cushion and guided by a track (constructed as a prototype and not brought into production). ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > train > train supported on air cushion aerotrain1965 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > air cushion vehicle > [noun] ACV1962 aerotrain1965 1965 Guardian 12 May 12/7 France is going ahead with a study of an ‘aerotrain’ system that would link cities at speeds of between 125 and 240 miles an hour... The train would ride on a monorail, suspended on a cushion of air of the Hovercraft kind. 1967 Jane's Surface Skimmer Syst. 1967–8 52 (caption) The experimental Aerotrain has attained 188 mph..over its 4.2 mile..long test track with the aid of a booster rocket. 1977 R. Whitaker Fodor's Railways of World 140 The aerotrain test track can be seen from the SNCF main line near Orleans. 1993 New Scientist 2 Oct. 37/3 He thought for a while about air-cushion vehicles, but the French were already building an ‘Aerotrain’ and so he turned to powerful superconducting magnets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < comb. form1865
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