epicurismn.

Brit.

/ˈɛpᵻkjᵿrɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈɛpəˌkjʊˌrɪz(ə)m/,

/ˌɛpəˈkjʊˌrɪz(ə)m/

Forms:

α. 1500s epicureisme, 1600s–1700s epicureism.

β. 1500s epycurisme, 1500s–1600s epicurisme, 1500s– epicurism.

Also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Epicureismus; Latin Epicurismus.

Etymology: Partly (in α. forms) < post-classical Latin Epicureismus (1542 or earlier) < classical Latin Epicūrēus (see epicurean adj.) + -ismus -ism suffix; partly (in β. forms) < post-classical Latin Epicurismus (1534 or earlier) < classical Latin Epicūrus (see epicure n.) + -ismus -ism suffix; compare German Epikurismus (1536 or earlier as epicurismus).The position of the main stress has varied historically between the first, second, and third syllables. For stress on the second syllable see e.g. quot. 1608 at sense 2a, and also Bailey (1736). Modern British pronouncing dictionaries give only first-syllable main stress, as does Webster (1961); some early 20th-century editions of Webster give first-syllable stress for the senses relating to sensuous living and gluttony, but indicate third-syllable stress as usual in the sense ‘the beliefs or philosophical system of Epicurus’; N.E.D. (1891) likewise gives this stress pattern as probably that used by most speakers in this sense.

1. With capital initial. The beliefs or philosophical system of the Greek philosopher Epicurus (341–270 b.c.); attachment to these. Also more loosely: †beliefs regarded as analogous to those of Epicurus, spec. disbelief in the divine government of the world, and in a future life (cf. epicure n. 1b) (obsolete).Epicurus, whose philosophy was in various ways a refinement of the materialistic atomism of Democritus, distinctively taught (i) that pleasure is the only intrinsically valuable thing, though a tranquil life of moderation is the best way to secure it, and (ii) that the gods are not to be feared since they do not concern themselves at all with human affairs.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Epicureanism

epicurism1550

epicurizing1594

Epicureanism1697

1550 T. Becon Fortresse of Faythfull sig. E.i^v Some abuse the name of preachers, by teaching papistrie, anabaptistry, Epicurisme, &c.

1575 W. Fulke Confut. Doctr. Purgatory (1577) 444 Epicureisme and Saduceisme is more common at Rome then Christianitye.

a1591 H. Smith Gods Arrowe (1593) iv. sig. K^v There seemeth small difference betweene Epicurism, Atheisme, & Mahometisme.

1761 W. Kenrick tr. J. J. Rousseau Eloisa IV. clv. 121 Abstinence from what we delight in, is a tenet of your philosophy; it is indeed the epicurism of reason.

1862 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (ed. 2) VI. liii. 327 They had resigned themselves to Epicurism..or had cultivated Stoicism.

1905 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 10 467 Stoicism and Epicurism..will persist side by side because they meet the needs of different people.

2009 C. Grellard & A. Robert Atomism in Late Medieval Philos. & Theol. i. 4 Augustine said that Epicurism was dead in his times.

†2.

a. Conformity to Epicurean principles, or to what are commonly understood as such; spec. devotion to a life of ease, pleasure, and luxury; hedonism. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [noun]

delice?c1225

delicacya1393

sensualityc1425

voluptuousness1508

sensualness1530

luxuriousness1542

deliciousness1548

epicurism1570

epicurity1574

carnal-mindedness1607

Epicureanism1726

sensualism1760

pleasurehood1842

fleshly-mindedness1846

apolausticism1883

sensism1890

1570 T. Tymme tr. A. Marlorat Catholike & Eccles. Expos. Mathewe (xi. 30) 246/2 They thynke that they may reiecte all godlynes and vertue, & liue in Epicurisme [L. Episcureismo] and fylthy pleasure.

1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 20 Not the notes of Nobilitie, but the marks of Epicurisme, and companions to effeminacie.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 238 Epicurisme, and lust make [our Court] more like a tauerne or brothell, then a great pallace.

1691 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. 138 Nothing but meer Sensuality and Epicurism.

1775 E. Burke Corr. 9 Feb. (1844) II. 18 This general affection to religion..will make a common cause against Epicurism.

1830 D. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. i. 20 How humiliating and dependent is the condition of the man who indulges in habitual epicurism and gluttony.

1868 Redempt. Sins, & Grace 20 When a man..regulates all his actions so as to obtain the greatest amount of happiness at the price of the least possible suffering..his conduct is merely epicurism.

1920 J. S. Kennard Goldoni & Venice v. 176 A characteristic figure of aristocratic epicurism and literary dilettantism.

b. Excess in eating; gluttony. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > [noun] > gluttony

overeateOE

gluternessc1175

gluttonryc1175

gluttony?c1225

womb-joyc1300

gluttingc1315

glutterya1340

excessc1386

gule1390

surfeitc1390

gulpingc1394

pamperingc1430

gormandizea1450

gastrimargyc1450

gulositya1500

belly1526

gulling1542

belly-cheer1549

glossing1549

overfeeding1565

epicurism1584

gormandizing1600

gastrimargism1607

gluttoning1607

overeating1652

helluation1656

guttling1731

helluosity1799

gorging1833

gorge1854

1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxii. 191 That Epicurisme, which is too too [sic] much vsed in Englande, and especially of merchants..to sit eating..for the space of three or foure houres.

1613 T. Middleton Triumphs of Truth sig. D First then I banish from this Feast of Ioy, All Excesse, Epicurisme, both which destroy The Healths of Soule and Body.

1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket vi. 291 Poysoning to Italie, Drunkennesse to Germanie, Epicurisme to England.

1750 in Wks. Beaumont & Fletcher (rev. ed.) X. 251 (note) The Passion of Epicurism or nice Gluttony..in this Play.

a. Devotion to the cultivation of a refined taste for fine food and drink; the disposition, habits, or taste of an epicure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > gastronomy > [noun]

lickerousnessc1380

lickerousheadc1450

lickerishness1580

friandise1603

epicurisma1620

gastrology1810

gastronomy1814

gastrophilism1814

gormandize1814

esuriency1819

gourmanderie1823

deipnosophism1824

gastrosophy1824

aristology1835

gourmandism1850

gourmetism1853

opsophagy1854

fine dining1940

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. xi. §4. 116 Yea, and euen Salomon obserueth the same kind of Epicurisme.

1665 S. Pepys Diary 21 Aug. (1972) VI. 199 Captain Cocke, for whose epicurisme a dish of Patriges was sent for.

1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 206. ⁋13 He is venerated by the professors of epicurism, as the only man who understands the niceties of cookery.

1823 C. Lamb Grace before Meat in Elia 211 The heats of epicurism put out the gentle flame of devotion.

1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. vi. 197 The epicurism of consumers of malt liquors.

1887 Wisconsin State Reg. 1 Jan. 6/7 The art of epicurism consists in the ability to get pleasure out of the most commonplace articles of food.

1953 N.Y. Times 4 June 37 This..business man..is in the upper reaches of epicurism, a kind of gourmet's gourmet.

2003 Daily Mail (Nexis) 16 Aug. 28 It was impossible not to be a little impressed and a little debauched by such elevated epicurism.

b. Indulgence in, devotion to, or cultivation of some other specified pleasure or pursuit.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > [noun]

good tastea1400

sensea1616

epicurism1655

gusto1663

fancyc1665

sapience1667

taste1671

curiositya1684

niceness1698

gust1706

sensibility1735

connoissance1736

connoisseurship1749

tapinophoby1773

theoria1846

shibui1960

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 65 But such is the Epicurisme of Modern Times, to addulce all words to the Eare, that [etc.].

1661 S. Pepys Diary 23 Sept. (1970) II. 183 I never did pass a night with more epicurisme of sleep.

a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) App. 573 A Vertuous man is..more prone to Celestial Epicurisme, if I may so speak, than all the World besides.

1787 Brit. Mercury 26 Nov. 276 He received, indeed, auricular epicurism; the young man who sings there has a voice, which, for compass, modulation, and sweetness of cadence, is excelled by few.

1860 S. Smiles Self-help (new ed.) x. 272 Much of our reading is but the indulgence of a sort of literary epicurism.

1906 Athenaeum 24 Feb. 224/2 What distinguishes it [sc. a book] from that research of mere aesthetic beauty and delight, mere epicurism of the nerves..is [etc.].

2008 J. Colavito Hideous Bit of Morbidity v. 210 In the literary epicurism of readers who have supped full of horrors..a something was needed to spur the jaded appetite into a fresh sensation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	epicurism
释义	epicurismn. Brit. /ˈɛpᵻkjᵿrɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈɛpəˌkjʊˌrɪz(ə)m/, /ˌɛpəˈkjʊˌrɪz(ə)m/ Forms: α. 1500s epicureisme, 1600s–1700s epicureism. β. 1500s epycurisme, 1500s–1600s epicurisme, 1500s– epicurism. Also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Epicureismus; Latin Epicurismus. Etymology: Partly (in α. forms) < post-classical Latin Epicureismus (1542 or earlier) < classical Latin Epicūrēus (see epicurean adj.) + -ismus -ism suffix; partly (in β. forms) < post-classical Latin Epicurismus (1534 or earlier) < classical Latin Epicūrus (see epicure n.) + -ismus -ism suffix; compare German Epikurismus (1536 or earlier as epicurismus).The position of the main stress has varied historically between the first, second, and third syllables. For stress on the second syllable see e.g. quot. 1608 at sense 2a, and also Bailey (1736). Modern British pronouncing dictionaries give only first-syllable main stress, as does Webster (1961); some early 20th-century editions of Webster give first-syllable stress for the senses relating to sensuous living and gluttony, but indicate third-syllable stress as usual in the sense ‘the beliefs or philosophical system of Epicurus’; N.E.D. (1891) likewise gives this stress pattern as probably that used by most speakers in this sense. 1. With capital initial. The beliefs or philosophical system of the Greek philosopher Epicurus (341–270 b.c.); attachment to these. Also more loosely: †beliefs regarded as analogous to those of Epicurus, spec. disbelief in the divine government of the world, and in a future life (cf. epicure n. 1b) (obsolete).Epicurus, whose philosophy was in various ways a refinement of the materialistic atomism of Democritus, distinctively taught (i) that pleasure is the only intrinsically valuable thing, though a tranquil life of moderation is the best way to secure it, and (ii) that the gods are not to be feared since they do not concern themselves at all with human affairs. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Epicureanism epicurism1550 epicurizing1594 Epicureanism1697 1550 T. Becon Fortresse of Faythfull sig. E.i^v Some abuse the name of preachers, by teaching papistrie, anabaptistry, Epicurisme, &c. 1575 W. Fulke Confut. Doctr. Purgatory (1577) 444 Epicureisme and Saduceisme is more common at Rome then Christianitye. a1591 H. Smith Gods Arrowe (1593) iv. sig. K^v There seemeth small difference betweene Epicurism, Atheisme, & Mahometisme. 1761 W. Kenrick tr. J. J. Rousseau Eloisa IV. clv. 121 Abstinence from what we delight in, is a tenet of your philosophy; it is indeed the epicurism of reason. 1862 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (ed. 2) VI. liii. 327 They had resigned themselves to Epicurism..or had cultivated Stoicism. 1905 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 10 467 Stoicism and Epicurism..will persist side by side because they meet the needs of different people. 2009 C. Grellard & A. Robert Atomism in Late Medieval Philos. & Theol. i. 4 Augustine said that Epicurism was dead in his times. †2. a. Conformity to Epicurean principles, or to what are commonly understood as such; spec. devotion to a life of ease, pleasure, and luxury; hedonism. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [noun] delice?c1225 delicacya1393 sensualityc1425 voluptuousness1508 sensualness1530 luxuriousness1542 deliciousness1548 epicurism1570 epicurity1574 carnal-mindedness1607 Epicureanism1726 sensualism1760 pleasurehood1842 fleshly-mindedness1846 apolausticism1883 sensism1890 1570 T. Tymme tr. A. Marlorat Catholike & Eccles. Expos. Mathewe (xi. 30) 246/2 They thynke that they may reiecte all godlynes and vertue, & liue in Epicurisme [L. Episcureismo] and fylthy pleasure. 1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 20 Not the notes of Nobilitie, but the marks of Epicurisme, and companions to effeminacie. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 238 Epicurisme, and lust make [our Court] more like a tauerne or brothell, then a great pallace. View more context for this quotation 1691 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. 138 Nothing but meer Sensuality and Epicurism. 1775 E. Burke Corr. 9 Feb. (1844) II. 18 This general affection to religion..will make a common cause against Epicurism. 1830 D. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. i. 20 How humiliating and dependent is the condition of the man who indulges in habitual epicurism and gluttony. 1868 Redempt. Sins, & Grace 20 When a man..regulates all his actions so as to obtain the greatest amount of happiness at the price of the least possible suffering..his conduct is merely epicurism. 1920 J. S. Kennard Goldoni & Venice v. 176 A characteristic figure of aristocratic epicurism and literary dilettantism. b. Excess in eating; gluttony. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > [noun] > gluttony overeateOE gluternessc1175 gluttonryc1175 gluttony?c1225 womb-joyc1300 gluttingc1315 glutterya1340 excessc1386 gule1390 surfeitc1390 gulpingc1394 pamperingc1430 gormandizea1450 gastrimargyc1450 gulositya1500 belly1526 gulling1542 belly-cheer1549 glossing1549 overfeeding1565 epicurism1584 gormandizing1600 gastrimargism1607 gluttoning1607 overeating1652 helluation1656 guttling1731 helluosity1799 gorging1833 gorge1854 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxii. 191 That Epicurisme, which is too too [sic] much vsed in Englande, and especially of merchants..to sit eating..for the space of three or foure houres. 1613 T. Middleton Triumphs of Truth sig. D First then I banish from this Feast of Ioy, All Excesse, Epicurisme, both which destroy The Healths of Soule and Body. 1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket vi. 291 Poysoning to Italie, Drunkennesse to Germanie, Epicurisme to England. 1750 in Wks. Beaumont & Fletcher (rev. ed.) X. 251 (note) The Passion of Epicurism or nice Gluttony..in this Play. 3. a. Devotion to the cultivation of a refined taste for fine food and drink; the disposition, habits, or taste of an epicure. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > gastronomy > [noun] lickerousnessc1380 lickerousheadc1450 lickerishness1580 friandise1603 epicurisma1620 gastrology1810 gastronomy1814 gastrophilism1814 gormandize1814 esuriency1819 gourmanderie1823 deipnosophism1824 gastrosophy1824 aristology1835 gourmandism1850 gourmetism1853 opsophagy1854 fine dining1940 a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. xi. §4. 116 Yea, and euen Salomon obserueth the same kind of Epicurisme. 1665 S. Pepys Diary 21 Aug. (1972) VI. 199 Captain Cocke, for whose epicurisme a dish of Patriges was sent for. 1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 206. ⁋13 He is venerated by the professors of epicurism, as the only man who understands the niceties of cookery. 1823 C. Lamb Grace before Meat in Elia 211 The heats of epicurism put out the gentle flame of devotion. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. vi. 197 The epicurism of consumers of malt liquors. 1887 Wisconsin State Reg. 1 Jan. 6/7 The art of epicurism consists in the ability to get pleasure out of the most commonplace articles of food. 1953 N.Y. Times 4 June 37 This..business man..is in the upper reaches of epicurism, a kind of gourmet's gourmet. 2003 Daily Mail (Nexis) 16 Aug. 28 It was impossible not to be a little impressed and a little debauched by such elevated epicurism. b. Indulgence in, devotion to, or cultivation of some other specified pleasure or pursuit. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > [noun] good tastea1400 sensea1616 epicurism1655 gusto1663 fancyc1665 sapience1667 taste1671 curiositya1684 niceness1698 gust1706 sensibility1735 connoissance1736 connoisseurship1749 tapinophoby1773 theoria1846 shibui1960 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 65 But such is the Epicurisme of Modern Times, to addulce all words to the Eare, that [etc.]. 1661 S. Pepys Diary 23 Sept. (1970) II. 183 I never did pass a night with more epicurisme of sleep. a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) App. 573 A Vertuous man is..more prone to Celestial Epicurisme, if I may so speak, than all the World besides. 1787 Brit. Mercury 26 Nov. 276 He received, indeed, auricular epicurism; the young man who sings there has a voice, which, for compass, modulation, and sweetness of cadence, is excelled by few. 1860 S. Smiles Self-help (new ed.) x. 272 Much of our reading is but the indulgence of a sort of literary epicurism. 1906 Athenaeum 24 Feb. 224/2 What distinguishes it [sc. a book] from that research of mere aesthetic beauty and delight, mere epicurism of the nerves..is [etc.]. 2008 J. Colavito Hideous Bit of Morbidity v. 210 In the literary epicurism of readers who have supped full of horrors..a something was needed to spur the jaded appetite into a fresh sensation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1550
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