epicraniumn.

Brit.

/ˌɛpᵻˈkreɪnɪəm/, U.S.

/ˌɛpəˈkreɪniəm/

Inflections: Plural epicrania.

Forms:

α. 1600s 1800s– epicranium.

β. 1600s epicranion.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: epi- prefix, cranium n.

Etymology: < epi- prefix + cranium n. In sense 1 after Middle French epicrane (1588 in the passage translated in quot. 1603; < post-classical Latin epicranis : see epicranidal adj.). In sense 2 after French épicrâne (1755 in this sense) or post-classical Latin epicranium (1658 or earlier in this sense); in the specific use with reference to the occipitofrontal muscle probably after post-classical Latin epicranius, adjective (1749 or earlier in this sense).Compare post-classical Latin epicranium (1530 or earlier), Hellenistic Greek ἐπικρανίον , both in sense ‘headdress’. In β. forms after Hellenistic Greek ἐπικρανίον.

†1. In accounts of the beliefs of ancient Greek physiologists: a part of the brain, perhaps the cerebellum, thought to be the seat of the soul. Cf. epicranidal adj. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > other parts of brain

epicranium1603

buttocks of the brain1615

raphe1615

fornix1681

peduncle1707

psalterium1779

mammillary body1828

corona radiata1869

paraphysis1892

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 315 The Stoickes [place the soule], within and about the hart: Erasistratus, joyning the membrane of the Epicranium [Fr. la membrane de l'epicrane].

1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells ix. 586 As vainly too of the Soules seat they write; To the braines ventricle some one confines it: Come to anothers censure he assignes it Vnto the Epicranion.

2. Anatomy. The tissue that covers the top of the skull; spec. the occipitofrontal muscle or its tendinous expansion (galea).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > occipital muscle

occipital muscle1801

epicranium1807

occipitofrontal1811

occipital1890

1807 R. Morris & J. Kendrick Edinb. Med. & Physical Dict. II. at Temporalis It [sc. the temporalis muscle] is covered with a strong tendinous sheath, which is lost in the epicranium.

1840 J. Duncan Relig. Wars France 106 All they detected of irregularity were some globules of water, lodged between the cranium and epicranium which covers the skull.

1895 Westm. Hosp. Rep. 9 154 Brain 51 ozs.; skull-cap dry, white; epicranium strips easily; convolutions much flattened.

1920 Northwest Med. 19 128/1 The remaining dura is cut in a stellate manner, the flaps turned out over the opening in the skull..and stitched to the epicranium.

1983 Surg. Neurol. 20 319 Then, after the artery has been moved out of the way, the epicranium, fascia, and muscle are incised.

2011 F. Nahai et al. in F. Nahai Art of Aesthetic Surg. (ed. 2) xl. 1280 On its deep surface the galea is connected to the epicranium by loose connective tissue.

3. Entomology. In insects: the upper surface of the head.

ΚΠ

1833 Entomol. Mag. 1 470 The head of insects is formed by a union of seven segments, represented by the labrum, clypeus, epicranium, and mandibula, labium, prebasilar.

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 140 Its dorsal surface or Epicranium is convex, and is marked by a Y-shaped epicranial suture.

1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. vii. 88 When first hatched the larva is grey with a black head, but in the mature larva the head is slightly chitinised and of a light ochre colour with irregular darker markings on the epicranium, but these latter are not always present.

2007 Coleopterists Bull. 61 192 Epicranium with four pairs of dorsoepicranial setae.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	epicranium
释义	epicraniumn. Brit. /ˌɛpᵻˈkreɪnɪəm/, U.S. /ˌɛpəˈkreɪniəm/ Inflections: Plural epicrania. Forms: α. 1600s 1800s– epicranium. β. 1600s epicranion. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: epi- prefix, cranium n. Etymology: < epi- prefix + cranium n. In sense 1 after Middle French epicrane (1588 in the passage translated in quot. 1603; < post-classical Latin epicranis : see epicranidal adj.). In sense 2 after French épicrâne (1755 in this sense) or post-classical Latin epicranium (1658 or earlier in this sense); in the specific use with reference to the occipitofrontal muscle probably after post-classical Latin epicranius, adjective (1749 or earlier in this sense).Compare post-classical Latin epicranium (1530 or earlier), Hellenistic Greek ἐπικρανίον , both in sense ‘headdress’. In β. forms after Hellenistic Greek ἐπικρανίον. †1. In accounts of the beliefs of ancient Greek physiologists: a part of the brain, perhaps the cerebellum, thought to be the seat of the soul. Cf. epicranidal adj. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > other parts of brain epicranium1603 buttocks of the brain1615 raphe1615 fornix1681 peduncle1707 psalterium1779 mammillary body1828 corona radiata1869 paraphysis1892 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 315 The Stoickes [place the soule], within and about the hart: Erasistratus, joyning the membrane of the Epicranium [Fr. la membrane de l'epicrane]. 1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells ix. 586 As vainly too of the Soules seat they write; To the braines ventricle some one confines it: Come to anothers censure he assignes it Vnto the Epicranion. 2. Anatomy. The tissue that covers the top of the skull; spec. the occipitofrontal muscle or its tendinous expansion (galea). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > muscles of specific parts > [noun] > occipital muscle occipital muscle1801 epicranium1807 occipitofrontal1811 occipital1890 1807 R. Morris & J. Kendrick Edinb. Med. & Physical Dict. II. at Temporalis It [sc. the temporalis muscle] is covered with a strong tendinous sheath, which is lost in the epicranium. 1840 J. Duncan Relig. Wars France 106 All they detected of irregularity were some globules of water, lodged between the cranium and epicranium which covers the skull. 1895 Westm. Hosp. Rep. 9 154 Brain 51 ozs.; skull-cap dry, white; epicranium strips easily; convolutions much flattened. 1920 Northwest Med. 19 128/1 The remaining dura is cut in a stellate manner, the flaps turned out over the opening in the skull..and stitched to the epicranium. 1983 Surg. Neurol. 20 319 Then, after the artery has been moved out of the way, the epicranium, fascia, and muscle are incised. 2011 F. Nahai et al. in F. Nahai Art of Aesthetic Surg. (ed. 2) xl. 1280 On its deep surface the galea is connected to the epicranium by loose connective tissue. 3. Entomology. In insects: the upper surface of the head. ΚΠ 1833 Entomol. Mag. 1 470 The head of insects is formed by a union of seven segments, represented by the labrum, clypeus, epicranium, and mandibula, labium, prebasilar. 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 140 Its dorsal surface or Epicranium is convex, and is marked by a Y-shaped epicranial suture. 1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. vii. 88 When first hatched the larva is grey with a black head, but in the mature larva the head is slightly chitinised and of a light ochre colour with irregular darker markings on the epicranium, but these latter are not always present. 2007 Coleopterists Bull. 61 192 Epicranium with four pairs of dorsoepicranial setae. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1603
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