> as lemmas

1872 J. D. Everett Deschanel's Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. III. lii. 756 The energy-value of a current, for each unit of time that it lasts, is the product of the current by the electromotive force producing it.

1882 Eng. Mechanic & World of Sci. 27 Oct. 183/2 1 M.G.S. energy-unit equals 10,000 G.C.S. energy-units.

1883 H. N. Martin Human Body: Elem. Text-bk. viii. 103 Hitherto we have only considered the energy-supply of the body from one side; we have regarded it as dependent on the constant supply of things which can be oxidized.

1885 Jrnl. Soc. Telegraph-engineers & Electricians 14 215 I mean those giving a purely physical E.M.F., produced we know not quite how, whose energy-source is not chemical but thermal.

1891 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 10 July 710/1 If I want to reduce the capital outlay on the [power] line, I must work at high voltage, and with a large energy loss.

1892 Electr. Engineer (U.S.) 27 Jan. 91/2 This phenomenon of hysteresis and..the energy consumption caused thereby.

1892 Lancet 6 Feb. 304/1 We may also observe in them [sc. bacteria] some of the highest forms of specialisation of function and energy production.

1899 ‘Y. Vedra’ Heliocentric Astrol. 97 There is generally much determination..to use..short-paths in matters of energy-use or muscular exertion.

1902 W. R. B. Gibson in H. Sturt Personal Idealism iii. 152 What guides the physicist in forming his energy-equations is not the idea of the constancy of energy within the universe, but that of the balance of energy about any given change as fulcrum.

1910 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 1909 28 165 The part which electricity is destined to play in the conservation of our energy resources is demonstrated clearly by what it already has accomplished.

1915 Jrnl. Physiol. 49 378 From the oxygen consumption of the heart we can calculate its total energy usage.

1925 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) 30 Aug. iv. 3/1 ‘What will you have—energy tablets?’ ‘No today I think I will try a little concentrated repose.’

1937 Austin (Texas) Statesman 10 Aug. 5/5 (advt.) Dr. Pepper has a bracing tang... A treat in taste pleasure..and a temporary energy boost as well.

1942 Science 8 May 486/2 The energy cost of moving the body is directly proportional to W^1.0.

1954 D. J. Hughes Neutron Optics i. 2 The neutrons..reach thermal equilibrium with the moderating material, in which state energy gains are as frequent as energy loss.

1960 E. N. Willmer Cytol. & Evol. ix. 151 Many flagellates..depend for their energy supplies on the extraction of materials dissolved in the fluid in which they are swimming.

1966 R. A. MacGowan & F. I. Ordway Intelligence in Universe 347 With energy resources we can but dimly perceive on the far distant technological horizon, only fractions of the velocity of light are likely to be achieved.

1969 Biol. Bull. 137 402 This is attributed to energy transfer from the luminescent system to a green fluorescent protein associated with the photogenic granules.

1975 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman 25 June a13/3 The tests will involve such energy usages as illumination, air conditioning, and hot water.

1978 J. Updike Coup (1979) iii. 108 [She moved] more electrically, twitchily, like a modern woman connected to a variety of energy-sources.

1984 M. W. Stanier et al. Energy Balance & Temperature Regulation i. 9 The total energy intake of an animal from its food..may result in storage if not precisely balanced by energy output.

1993 J. A. Kay Found. Corporate Success iv. ix. 129 Concerned by the future of the oil market after the 1973 Arab–Israeli war, several oil companies redefined their business as energy supply, and diversified into coal.

2002 E. Keen Depression iv. 52 Giving up is often rewarded by a tremendous relief—relief from the struggle, the energy drain, and the frustration of failure.

2014 N.Y. Times 23 Oct. f8/2 When it comes to energy expenditure..the brain has a hard time distinguishing between momentous and banal choices.