em-prefix

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element, with the vowel in this prefix often reduced.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: en- prefix¹.

Etymology: The form assumed by the prefix en- prefix¹ before b, p, and (frequently) m.For the reasons stated under en- prefix¹, nearly all the English words with this prefix, whether of Romance or English formation, have (or formerly had) alternative forms with im- prefix¹. In this dictionary the em- and the im- form, except where usage has introduced a distinction of sense between the two, will be treated as belonging to one and the same word, the article being placed under e- or i- in accordance with the principles explained under en- prefix¹.

The various functions of the prefix, and its use as an English formative, are explained under en- prefix¹. Of the many compounds formed by prefixing em- to English words, those which have any special importance or require special remark, are inserted in their alphabetical place; the following are examples of those which are nonce-words or of rare occurrence. (For words beginning with em- not found in their alphabetical place, or included in this article, see im- prefix¹.)

1. Transitive verbs (often found only in verbal noun, past participle, or participial adjective).

a. < em- + noun, ‘to put (something) into or upon what is denoted by the noun’; also ‘to put what is denoted by the noun into’ (something).

embag v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈbaɡ/

/ɛmˈbaɡ/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈbæɡ/

/ɛmˈbæɡ/

to put into a bag.

ΚΠ

1812 W. Tennant Anster Fair i Mad t' embag their limbs.

† embalance v. Obsolete to put in the balance (with).

ΚΠ

1643 T. Goodwin Aggravation Sinne 4 The least dram of which, the whole world emballanced with, would be found too light.

† embare v. Obsolete to make bare.

ΚΠ

1615 A. Niccholes Disc. Marriage & Wiving vii, in Harl. Misc. (1744) II. 152 Embared Breasts.

† embarrel v. Obsolete to pack in barrels.

ΚΠ

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 71 Our embarreld white herrings..last in long voyages.

† embill v. Obsolete to put food into (a bird's) bill.

ΚΠ

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Imbeccare, to embill or feede birds. Imbeccata, an embilling, a billing or feeding.

embirch v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈbəːtʃ/

/ɛmˈbəːtʃ/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈbərtʃ/

/ɛmˈbərtʃ/

(cf. embark v.) to put on board a birch-bark canoe (in quot. intransitive for reflexive).

ΚΠ

1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 153 We were embirching..for our moose-chase.

† embottle v. Obsolete to put into a bottle.

ΚΠ

1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. lii. 422 I had embottled them [Fr. les y auroys mis].

1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 352 Firmest Fruit, Embottled long.

† embrail v. Obsolete to put (a sail) into a brail, to brail.

ΚΠ

1764 W. Falconer Shipwreck (new ed.) ii. 52 Embrail'd each topsail, and by braces squar'd, the sailors climb aloft and man each yard.

† embreech v. Obsolete to put (a gun) upon a breech or stock.

ΚΠ

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Imbracare, to embreech, or put any artillerie vpon a stocke.

embronze v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈbrɒnz/

/ɛmˈbrɒnz/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈbrɑnz/

/ɛmˈbrɑnz/

to represent in bronze.

ΚΠ

1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Satires ii. iii. 247 That you..in the Capitol embronz'd [L. aeneus] may stand.

† embuskin v. Obsolete to encase (the leg) in a buskin.

ΚΠ

1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. B7^v Stately shanks embuskind by the Muses.

† empall v. Obsolete to cover with a pall or cloak.

ΚΠ

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 360 The empalled and Mytred Byshoppes.

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 22 The red herring..empals our sage senatours..in princely scarlet.

empanoply v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈpanəpli/

/ɛmˈpanəpli/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈpænəpli/

/ɛmˈpænəpli/

to array in complete armour.

ΚΠ

1784 W. Spencer in Poems (1811) 60 Empanoply'd in arms.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess v. 117 Empanoplied and plumed We enter'd in.

empaper v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈpeɪpə/

/ɛmˈpeɪpə/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈpeɪpər/

/ɛmˈpeɪpər/

to put down on paper.

ΚΠ

1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth III. 233 I will empaper it before your eyes.

emparchment v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈpɑːtʃm(ə)nt/

/ɛmˈpɑːtʃm(ə)nt/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈpɑrtʃm(ə)nt/

/ɛmˈpɑrtʃm(ə)nt/

to put or write on parchment.

ΚΠ

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 215 I take your Bull, as an emparchmented Lie, and burn it.

† empill v. Obsolete to dose as with a pill. [after empoison v.]

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 22 In the Sugar (euen) of sacred Writ, Hee may em-pill vs with some Baneful bit [Fr. il nous donne vn boucon].

b. < em- + n. or adj., with general sense ‘to bring into a certain condition or state’; also (cf. 3) ‘to furnish with something’.

embeggar v.

Brit.

/ɪmˈbɛɡə/

/ɛmˈbɛɡə/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈbɛɡər/

/ɛmˈbɛɡər/

ΚΠ

1806 R. Southey in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) III. 54 They have so..vulgarised, impoverished and embeggared the language.

† embloody v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1618 T. Adams Happines of Church ii. 88 O the vnmatchable crueltie, that some mens religion, (if I may so call it) hath embloudied them to!

† embrawn v. Obsolete to make brawny, harden.

ΚΠ

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 38 It will embrawne and Iron crust his flesh.

† embulk v. Obsolete to make bulky, to extend.

ΚΠ

1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. v. 85 This (that is, the first Matter) being embulked with three extensions.

† embullion v. Obsolete (cf. bullion n.³) to bestud.

ΚΠ

1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell in Wks. 487 Embullyoned with sapphires.

† empeevish v. Obsolete to make peevish.

ΚΠ

a1687 H. More in Ward Life (1710) 207 Pain..doth ordinarily empeevish the Spirit of the Afflicted.

† emprelate v. Obsolete to make a prelate of.

ΚΠ

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. x. 605 Who emprelate themselves [Fr. qui se prelatent] even to the heart and entrailes.

2. Verbs < em- + verb, with additional sense of in, or simply with more or less intensive force.

† embias v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1682 A. Behn Roundheads ii. i. 17 A..mind embyass'd in Affairs of Blood.

† embribe v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ix. 516/1 Fiue thousand Marks, with which the Queene Dowager of France had (as he said) embribed him.

† embruise v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

c1570 Treas. Amadis de Gaule (Bynneman) 279 My embrused brest.

† embubble v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1652 E. Benlowes Theophila v. xcix. 79 Like Diamonds, thaw'd to Air, embubble forth in Streams.

† emplight v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

c1860 S. Bamford in Harland Lanc. Lyrics 14 She emplighteth her vow.

† empromise v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. ii. 140 The dowghter of Offa..was empromised him to espouse [L. desponsata fuerit].

3. Participial adjectives < em- + n. + -ed suffix¹, with the sense ‘furnished with’:

embastioned adj.

Brit.

/ɪmˈbastɪənd/

/ɛmˈbastɪənd/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈbæstʃənd/

/ᵻmˈbæstiənd/

/ɛmˈbæstʃənd/

/ɛmˈbæstiənd/

ΚΠ

1832 E. Roberts Oriental Scenes (new ed.) 49 Each tower- embastion'd citadel.

embeadled adj.

Brit.

/ɪmˈbiːdld/

/ɛmˈbiːdld/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈbid(ə)ld/

/ɛmˈbid(ə)ld/

= embastioned adj.

ΚΠ

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 194 Oxford Street, with its embeadled colonnade.

empimpled adj.

Brit.

/ɪmˈpɪmpld/

/ɛmˈpɪmpld/

U.S.

/ᵻmˈpɪmp(ə)ld/

/ɛmˈpɪmp(ə)ld/

= embastioned adj.

ΚΠ

1839 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 45 354 [A toper's] empimpled proboscis.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	em-
释义	em-prefix Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element, with the vowel in this prefix often reduced. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: en- prefix¹. Etymology: The form assumed by the prefix en- prefix¹ before b, p, and (frequently) m.For the reasons stated under en- prefix¹, nearly all the English words with this prefix, whether of Romance or English formation, have (or formerly had) alternative forms with im- prefix¹. In this dictionary the em- and the im- form, except where usage has introduced a distinction of sense between the two, will be treated as belonging to one and the same word, the article being placed under e- or i- in accordance with the principles explained under en- prefix¹. The various functions of the prefix, and its use as an English formative, are explained under en- prefix¹. Of the many compounds formed by prefixing em- to English words, those which have any special importance or require special remark, are inserted in their alphabetical place; the following are examples of those which are nonce-words or of rare occurrence. (For words beginning with em- not found in their alphabetical place, or included in this article, see im- prefix¹.) 1. Transitive verbs (often found only in verbal noun, past participle, or participial adjective). a. < em- + noun, ‘to put (something) into or upon what is denoted by the noun’; also ‘to put what is denoted by the noun into’ (something). embag v. Brit. /ɪmˈbaɡ/ , /ɛmˈbaɡ/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈbæɡ/ , /ɛmˈbæɡ/ to put into a bag. ΚΠ 1812 W. Tennant Anster Fair i Mad t' embag their limbs. † embalance v. Obsolete to put in the balance (with). ΚΠ 1643 T. Goodwin Aggravation Sinne 4 The least dram of which, the whole world emballanced with, would be found too light. † embare v. Obsolete to make bare. ΚΠ 1615 A. Niccholes Disc. Marriage & Wiving vii, in Harl. Misc. (1744) II. 152 Embared Breasts. † embarrel v. Obsolete to pack in barrels. ΚΠ 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 71 Our embarreld white herrings..last in long voyages. † embill v. Obsolete to put food into (a bird's) bill. ΚΠ 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Imbeccare, to embill or feede birds. Imbeccata, an embilling, a billing or feeding. embirch v. Brit. /ɪmˈbəːtʃ/ , /ɛmˈbəːtʃ/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈbərtʃ/ , /ɛmˈbərtʃ/ (cf. embark v.) to put on board a birch-bark canoe (in quot. intransitive for reflexive). ΚΠ 1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 153 We were embirching..for our moose-chase. † embottle v. Obsolete to put into a bottle. ΚΠ 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. lii. 422 I had embottled them [Fr. les y auroys mis]. 1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 352 Firmest Fruit, Embottled long. † embrail v. Obsolete to put (a sail) into a brail, to brail. ΚΠ 1764 W. Falconer Shipwreck (new ed.) ii. 52 Embrail'd each topsail, and by braces squar'd, the sailors climb aloft and man each yard. † embreech v. Obsolete to put (a gun) upon a breech or stock. ΚΠ 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Imbracare, to embreech, or put any artillerie vpon a stocke. embronze v. Brit. /ɪmˈbrɒnz/ , /ɛmˈbrɒnz/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈbrɑnz/ , /ɛmˈbrɑnz/ to represent in bronze. ΚΠ 1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Satires ii. iii. 247 That you..in the Capitol embronz'd [L. aeneus] may stand. † embuskin v. Obsolete to encase (the leg) in a buskin. ΚΠ 1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. B7^v Stately shanks embuskind by the Muses. † empall v. Obsolete to cover with a pall or cloak. ΚΠ 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 360 The empalled and Mytred Byshoppes. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 22 The red herring..empals our sage senatours..in princely scarlet. empanoply v. Brit. /ɪmˈpanəpli/ , /ɛmˈpanəpli/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈpænəpli/ , /ɛmˈpænəpli/ to array in complete armour. ΚΠ 1784 W. Spencer in Poems (1811) 60 Empanoply'd in arms. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess v. 117 Empanoplied and plumed We enter'd in. empaper v. Brit. /ɪmˈpeɪpə/ , /ɛmˈpeɪpə/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈpeɪpər/ , /ɛmˈpeɪpər/ to put down on paper. ΚΠ 1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth III. 233 I will empaper it before your eyes. emparchment v. Brit. /ɪmˈpɑːtʃm(ə)nt/ , /ɛmˈpɑːtʃm(ə)nt/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈpɑrtʃm(ə)nt/ , /ɛmˈpɑrtʃm(ə)nt/ to put or write on parchment. ΚΠ 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 215 I take your Bull, as an emparchmented Lie, and burn it. † empill v. Obsolete to dose as with a pill. [after empoison v.] ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 22 In the Sugar (euen) of sacred Writ, Hee may em-pill vs with some Baneful bit [Fr. il nous donne vn boucon]. b. < em- + n. or adj., with general sense ‘to bring into a certain condition or state’; also (cf. 3) ‘to furnish with something’. embeggar v. Brit. /ɪmˈbɛɡə/ , /ɛmˈbɛɡə/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈbɛɡər/ , /ɛmˈbɛɡər/ ΚΠ 1806 R. Southey in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) III. 54 They have so..vulgarised, impoverished and embeggared the language. † embloody v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1618 T. Adams Happines of Church ii. 88 O the vnmatchable crueltie, that some mens religion, (if I may so call it) hath embloudied them to! † embrawn v. Obsolete to make brawny, harden. ΚΠ 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 38 It will embrawne and Iron crust his flesh. † embulk v. Obsolete to make bulky, to extend. ΚΠ 1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. v. 85 This (that is, the first Matter) being embulked with three extensions. † embullion v. Obsolete (cf. bullion n.³) to bestud. ΚΠ 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell in Wks. 487 Embullyoned with sapphires. † empeevish v. Obsolete to make peevish. ΚΠ a1687 H. More in Ward Life (1710) 207 Pain..doth ordinarily empeevish the Spirit of the Afflicted. † emprelate v. Obsolete to make a prelate of. ΚΠ 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. x. 605 Who emprelate themselves [Fr. qui se prelatent] even to the heart and entrailes. 2. Verbs < em- + verb, with additional sense of in, or simply with more or less intensive force. † embias v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1682 A. Behn Roundheads ii. i. 17 A..mind embyass'd in Affairs of Blood. † embribe v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ix. 516/1 Fiue thousand Marks, with which the Queene Dowager of France had (as he said) embribed him. † embruise v. Obsolete ΚΠ c1570 Treas. Amadis de Gaule (Bynneman) 279 My embrused brest. † embubble v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila v. xcix. 79 Like Diamonds, thaw'd to Air, embubble forth in Streams. † emplight v. Obsolete ΚΠ c1860 S. Bamford in Harland Lanc. Lyrics 14 She emplighteth her vow. † empromise v. Obsolete ΚΠ ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. ii. 140 The dowghter of Offa..was empromised him to espouse [L. desponsata fuerit]. 3. Participial adjectives < em- + n. + -ed suffix¹, with the sense ‘furnished with’: embastioned adj. Brit. /ɪmˈbastɪənd/ , /ɛmˈbastɪənd/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈbæstʃənd/ , /ᵻmˈbæstiənd/ , /ɛmˈbæstʃənd/ , /ɛmˈbæstiənd/ ΚΠ 1832 E. Roberts Oriental Scenes (new ed.) 49 Each tower- embastion'd citadel. embeadled adj. Brit. /ɪmˈbiːdld/ , /ɛmˈbiːdld/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈbid(ə)ld/ , /ɛmˈbid(ə)ld/ = embastioned adj. ΚΠ 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 194 Oxford Street, with its embeadled colonnade. empimpled adj. Brit. /ɪmˈpɪmpld/ , /ɛmˈpɪmpld/ , U.S. /ᵻmˈpɪmp(ə)ld/ , /ɛmˈpɪmp(ə)ld/ = embastioned adj. ΚΠ 1839 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 45 354 [A toper's] empimpled proboscis. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < prefix1523
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