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单词 during
释义

duringn.

Brit. /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/, /ˈdʒʊərɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈd(j)ʊrɪŋ/
Etymology: < dure v. + -ing suffix1.
1. The action of dure v.: duration.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [noun]
durabilityc1374
duringc1374
lastingnessa1398
perdurance1508
permanence1509
durancea1513
permanency1555
durableness1587
indeficiency1614
duration1637
durancy1647
indelibleness1655
unfailingnessa1656
undissolution1662
permanentness1727
persistency1833
out-take1866
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iv. pr. iv. 99 Yif they weere of lengere durynge.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 1 Esdras iv. 40 Mageste of alle duringis aboue time [L. aevorum].
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. QQQiiiv Howe short they [sc. rychesse] be in duryng.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Somerset 38 Long the during thereof.
2. Hardening; induration. In quot. 1804 attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard
hardingeOE
hardingc1405
hardening?c1425
hardening?c1425
duration1617
obduration1654
during1804
1804 Hull Advertiser 30 June 2/3 A Bark-Mill, three Leather-houses, two During-shades.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

duringadj.1

Etymology: < dure v. + -ing suffix2.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈduring.
That dures; lasting, continuing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [adjective]
stablea1300
durablec1386
during1398
durant1455
permanent?a1475
standingc1480
perseverablea1500
indelible1532
of long standinga1568
permansible1568
long-established1589
dureful1595
subsistent1603
subsisting1613
staple1621
constant1645
long-standing1655
throughout1701
untemporary1784
pukka1801
rock-ribbed1903
hardwired1971
the world > matter > constitution of matter > strength > [adjective] > durable
lastinga1375
durable1398
perdurable?a1425
during1601
hard-wearing1850
heavy-duty1914
service weight1919
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vii. x. 230 Fallynge euylles ben moost duringe and harde to heele.
1568 T. Howell Arbor of Amitie f. 17 Nor canst thou..stop the trumpe, that soundes hir during fame.
1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. Dj Marble..and during Adamant.
1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 226 Charity is a during and perpetuall grace.
1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas II. 15 Close-linked chains of during adamant.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

duringprep.adj.2conj.

Brit. /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/, /ˈdʒʊərɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈd(j)ʊrɪŋ/
Forms: Also Middle English dewer-, 1500s duering.
Etymology: The present participle of dure v. = enduring, lasting, continuing, used in French and English in a construction derived from the Latin ‘ablative absolute’; thus Latin vita durante, Old French vie durant, English life during, while life endured or endures.The participle (sense B.) often stood before the noun, e.g. Latin durante bello , French durant la guerre , English during the war ; in which construction during came in the modern languages to be treated as preposition (sense A.).
A. prep.
Throughout the whole continuance of; hence, in the course of, in the time of.
ΚΠ
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (MS. Gg. 4. 27) Prol. 283 Stedefaste wedewys durynge alle here lyuys.
a1400–50 Alexander 1118 In damaging of Darius durand [Dublin endurand] his lyfe.
14.. Epiph. in Tundale's Vis. 103 This contynued duryng mony a yere.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxi An annuitie of an.C.l. [sc. £100] duryng his lyfe.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xxii. 29 Al that which during our voyage was happened unto us.
1648 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 203 Dureing the terme of her naturall life.
1670 J. Smith England's Improvem. Reviv'd 77 Trees may live during the world.
1678 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 49 Judge North, who supplies the Lord Chancelors place during his being sicke.
1754 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1812) I. iv. 281 During the course of seven hundred years.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 161 During the night the rain changed to snow.
1885 Act 48 & 49 Victoria c. 58 §2 The hours during which the offices..shall be open.
B. adj.2
† As present participle, used as postmodifier: lasting, continuing; while (the thing modified) lasts or lasted.
ΚΠ
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 271 Sche was comoun to alle þat wolde haue here, xv. ȝere durynge.
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. lxxxviii. 72 She neuer was seyn among folke hir lyf durynge.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xxxviii. 52 This sege durynge, ther were many skirmysshes.
1542 H. Brinkelow Lamentacion sig. Bviv I..wyll contynually, my lyfe duryng, praye vnto the euerlyuyng God.
C. conj.
† While; until. (Also during that.) Obsolete. rare. [compare French durant que, pendant que.]
ΚΠ
1595 T. Bedingfield tr. N. Machiavelli Florentine Hist. vii. 192 During that these matters..were handled in Toscana.
1653 Cloria & Narcissus 308 To remaine..during a necessary conveniency might also be had for the repairing of her own ship.
1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely iv. 32 During the Christians and the Turks were seeking one another for fighting.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.c1374adj.11398prep.adj.2conj.c1385
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